Convenient and efficient cross-coupling of aryl halides mediated by palladium/bulky nucleophilic carbenes and related ligands

Simple protocols are described for palladium-mediated C-C and C-N bond forming reactions. N-heterocyclic nucleophilic carbene ligands assist these transformations very effectively and allow for the use of the inexpensive arylchlorides as coupling partners. These non-phosphine palladium systems also permit simple workup procedures.

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