Vitamin D insufficiency, TH2 cytokines, and allergy markers in Puerto Rican children with asthma

TH2 cytokines, including IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13, are central to the development of atopic asthma, driving eosinophilia, bronchial hyperreactivity, and mucus hypersecretion.1 In recent years, treatment of severe atopic asthma has been expanded to include anti-IL-5 antibodies. In parallel, a growing body of evidence suggests that vitamin D may be beneficial in asthma management,2 perhaps through immune regulation.3

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