Medicine by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos,Crete 72100,Greece,tel :00302841026182 & 00306932607174
Σάββατο 20 Φεβρουαρίου 2016
Synthesis and characterization of POSS-(PAA)8 star copolymers and GICs for dental applications
Publication date: Available online 19 February 2016
Source:Dental Materials
Author(s): Christina Zelmer, David K. Wang, Imelda Keen, David J.T. Hill, Anne L. Symons, Laurence J. Walsh, Firas Rasoul
ObjectiveTo investigate the application of a new type of multiarm polymer resins in the formulation of Glass Ionic Cements.MethodsA series of star copolymers of t-butyl acrylate has been prepared by ATRP using a multiarm POSS-Br8 initiator. The resulting POSS-co-t-butyl acrylate star copolymers with eight arms were subsequently hydrolysed by trifluoroacetic acid to produce the corresponding POSS-co-acrylic acid star copolymers. All of the copolymers have been characterized by 1H and 13C NMR and FTIR spectroscopies and TGA/DSC. The as-prepared star copolymers were mixed with the glass powder from Fuji IX GP to produce the GIC samples for compression testing.ResultsThe new type of multiarm polymer resins have been shown to have narrow molecular weight distributions and thermal properties of the acrylic acid copolymers are similar to that of poly(acrylic acid), with a two stage degradation profile involving transitions at ≈140°C and 250°C, corresponding to anhydride formation and loss of carbon dioxide, respectively. In aqueous solution the POSS-co-acrylic acid copolymers form aggregates with ≈33nm dimensions. When aqueous solutions of POSS-(PAA)8 are mixed with a glass powder, a rigid glass ionomer cement, GIC, is formed with a maximum compressive stress significantly greater than that for a linear PAA GIC of a comparable polymer molecular weight.SignificanceTherefore, these POSS-(PAA)8 copolymers demonstrate the potential for the application of well characterized star copolymers in the future development of new GICs as dental materials.
Graphical abstract
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Pre-clinical evaluation of eight DOTA coupled gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRP-R) ligands for in vivo targeting of receptor-expressing tumors
Abstract
Background
Overexpression of the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRP-R) has been documented in several human neoplasms such as breast, prostate, and ovarian cancer. There is growing interest in developing radiolabeled peptide-based ligands toward these receptors for the purpose of in vivo imaging and radionuclide therapy of GRP-R-overexpressing tumors. A number of different peptide sequences, isotopes, and labeling methods have been proposed for this purpose. The aim of this work is to perform a direct side-by-side comparison of different GRP-R binding peptides utilizing a single labeling strategy to identify the most suitable peptide sequence.
Methods
Solid-phase synthesis of eight derivatives (BN1-8) designed based on literature analysis was carried out. Peptides were coupled to the DOTA chelator through a PEG4 spacer at the N-terminus. Derivatives were characterized for serum stability, binding affinity on PC-3 human prostate cancer cells, biodistribution in tumor-bearing mice, and gamma camera imaging at 1, 6, and 24 h after injection.
Results
Serum stability was quite variable among the different compounds with half-lives ranging from 16 to 400 min at 37 °C. All compounds tested showed K d values in the nanomolar range with the exception of BN3 that showed no binding. Biodistribution and imaging studies carried out for compounds BN1, BN4, BN7, and BN8 showed targeting of the GRP-R-positive tumors and the pancreas. The BN8 compound (DOTA-PEG-DPhe-Gln-Trp-Ala-Val-NMeGly-His-Sta-Leu-NH2) showed high affinity, the longest serum stability, and the highest target-to-background ratios in biodistribution and imaging experiments among the compounds tested.
Conclusions
Our results indicate that the NMeGly for Gly substitution and the Sta-Leu substitution at the C-terminus confer high serum stability while maintaining high receptor affinity, resulting in biodistribution properties that outperform those of the other peptides.
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A novel anti-p21Ras scFv antibody reacting specifically with human tumour cell lines and primary tumour tissues
Abstract
Background
The ras genes play an important role in the development and progression of human tumours. Neutralizing Ras proteins in the cytoplasm could be an effective approach to blocking ras signalling. In this study, we prepared anti-p21Ras single chain fragment variable antibody (scFv) and investigated its immunoreactivity with human tumours.
Methods
The coding sequences of H-ras, K-ras, and N-ras were separately ligated into the vector pET-28a(+). Then, recombinant expressing plasmids were induced by IPTG for p21Ras expression in E. coli. Hybridoma cell lines producing anti-p21Ras monoclonal antibodies were isolated using wildtype p21Ras proteins as immunogens. Anti-p21Ras scFv antibody was prepared from the hybridoma by the phage scFv display method. The immunoreactivity of the anti-p21Ras monoclonal antibody and the scFv antibody was identified by ELISA and immunocytochemistry.
Results
We prokaryotically expressed wildtype H-p21Ras, K-p21Ras and N-p21Ras and generated the hybridoma cell line KGH-R1, producing anti-p21Ras monoclonal antibodies. It was demonstrated that KGH-R1 monoclonal antibody could recognize wildtype and mutated H-p21Ras, K-p21Ras and N-p21Ras in human tumour cell lines.
In all 14 types of primary human cancer tissues tested, the monoclonal antibody presented strong immunoreactivity but showed weak or negative immunoreactivity in the corresponding normal tissues. Subsequently, we prepared anti-p21Ras scFv from hybridoma KGH-R1, which showed the same immunoreactivity as the original monoclonal antibody. Sequence analysis demonstrated that the nucleotides and amino acids of the scFv exhibited an approximately 50 % difference from the anti-p21Ras scFv reported previously.
Conclusions
This study presents a novel anti-p21Ras scFv antibody. Our data suggest that the scFv may be useful for ras signalling blockage and may be a potential therapeutic antibody for ras-derived tumours.
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Pancreatic panniculitis in a patient with pancreatic-type acinar cell carcinoma of the liver – case report and review of literature
Abstract
Background
Pancreatic panniculitis is a rare condition, which has only been described in relation with pancreatic diseases up to now. It is characterized by necrotizing subcutaneous inflammation and is thought to be triggered by adipocyte necrosis due to systemic release of pancreatic enzymes with consecutive infiltration of neutrophils. We present the first case of a patient with pancreatic panniculitis caused by pancreatic-type primary acinar cell carcinoma (ACC) of the liver and without underlying pancreatic disease.
Case presentation
A 73-year old Caucasian female patient was referred to our department with painful cutaneous nodules persisting for eight weeks and with marked lipasemia (~15000 U/l; normal range <60 U/l). Four weeks prior, several liver lesions had been detected. Empiric treatment with steroids did not show any effect. A biopsy of the skin nodules revealed "pancreatic" panniculitis, while abdominal imaging with ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging detected no abnormal pancreatic findings. Ultrasound-guided biopsy of the liver lesions showed infiltrates of an ACC. The patient died soon thereafter. Autopsy failed to reveal any other primary for the ACC, so that a pancreatic-type ACC of the liver was diagnosed by exclusion.
One hundred thirty cases of pancreatic panniculitis published within the last 20 years are reviewed. ACC of the pancreas is the most common underlying neoplastic condition. Patients with associated neoplasm are significantly older, take longer to be diagnosed and have higher lipase levels than patients with underlying pancreatitis.
Extrapancreatic pancreatic-type ACC is very rare, but shows the same biological features as ACC of the pancreas. It is believed to develop from metaplastic or ectopic pancreatic tissue. Up to now, no pancreatic panniculitis in extrapancreatic ACC has been described.
Conclusion
Pancreatic panniculitis should always be included in the differential diagnosis of lipolytic panniculitic lesions. It can be regarded as a facultative paraneoplastic phenomenon.
When suspected, a thorough work-up for identification of the underlying disease is mandatory and extrapancreatic lesions (e.g. liver) should also be considered. While administration of octreotide or steroids can sometimes alleviate symptoms, immediate treatment of the associated condition is the only effective management option.
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Stage of breast cancer at diagnosis in New Zealand: impacts of socio-demographic factors, breast cancer screening and biology
Abstract
Background
Examination of factors associated with late stage diagnosis of breast cancer is useful to identify areas which are amenable to intervention. This study analyses trends in cancer stage at diagnosis and impact of socio-demographic, cancer biological and screening characteristics on cancer stage in a population-based series of women with invasive breast cancer in New Zealand.
Methods
All women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer between 2000 and 2013 were identified from two regional breast cancer registries. Factors associated with advanced (stages III and IV) and metastatic (stage IV) cancer at diagnosis were analysed in univariate and multivariate models adjusting for covariates.
Results
Of the 12390 women included in this study 2448 (19.7 %) were advanced and 575 (4.6 %) were metastatic at diagnosis. Māori (OR = 1.86, 1.39-2.49) and Pacific (OR = 2.81, 2.03-3.87) compared with NZ European ethnicity, other urban (OR = 2.00, 1.37-2.92) compared with main urban residency and non-screen (OR = 6.03, 4.41-8.24) compared with screen detection were significantly associated with metastatic cancer at diagnosis in multivariate analysis. A steady increase in the rate of metastatic cancer was seen which has increased from 3.8 % during 2000-2003 to 5.0 % during 2010-2013 period (p = 0.042).
Conclusions
Providing equitable high quality primary care and increasing mammographic screening coverage needs to be looked at as possible avenues to reduce late-stage cancer at diagnosis and to reduce ethnic, socioeconomic and geographical disparities in stage of breast cancer at diagnosis in New Zealand.
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Gamma emitters in atmospheric precipitation in Krakow (Southern Poland) during the years 2005–2015
Source:Journal of Environmental Radioactivity
Author(s): Jerzy W. Mietelski, Ewa Nalichowska, Ewa Tomankiewicz, Kamil Brudecki, Paweł Janowski, Renata Kierepko
The results of the sum of dry and wet activity deposition for naturally occurring 7Be, 210Pb, 40K, 22Na and anthropogenic 137Cs radionuclides in Krakow (Southern Poland) for the samples collected over 10 years (from August 2005 to July 2015) are presented and discussed. The radionuclides were determined using low background gamma spectrometry with HPGe detectors. Additionally, in this paper there are shown the results of activity concentrations in water from air precipitation for 7Be, 210Pb, 22Na, 40K and 137Cs radioisotopes from the period of 7 years (from August 2008 to July 2015). For all these series the statistical analysis including Spearman correlations, effects of seasonal variation and multiple regression models were conducted. After excluding two months from 2011 affected by the Fukushima accident, high Spearman correlation factors (R > 0.5) for activity deposition were noticed for the pair of the cosmogenic radionuclides 7Be and 22Na (R = 0.508) and between 210Pb and 7Be (R = 0.570). High correlation was noted between activity deposition and amount of precipitation for 7Be (R = 0.677). The seasonal correlations between 7Be–22Na, 40K–137Cs, 210Pb–137Cs and 7Be–210Pb were investigated and the highest correlation coefficient R = 0.731 for the 40K–137Cs pair was in the spring season. High correlations were observed also between 210Pb and 7Be for autumn (R = 0.594), 40K–137Cs in summer (R = 0.582), 7Be–22Na in spring (R = 0.635) and 210Pb–137Cs in autumn (R = 0.672). The multiple regression approach showed the interesting difference in scavenging mechanisms of cosmogenic and terrestrial radionuclides. According to that model, the deposition of cosmogenic nuclides was noticeably related to the amount of precipitation, while the deposition of terrestrial radionuclides did not show such dependence.
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Editorial board
Source:Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, Volume 153
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The risk factors for postoperative pulmonary complications after head and neck cancer surgery
The recent article by Damian et al [1] assessing incidence, outcome, and risk factors for postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in 110 head and neck cancer surgery patients with free flap reconstructions was of great interest. They showed that 32.7% of patients developed PPCs, but no perioperative parameters including intraoperative fluid administration or preoperative pulmonary comorbidity were identified as a predictor for PPCs. In this study, we noted that patients underwent surgery for a primary tumor (76.4%), a recurrence (21.8%), or metastasis (1.8%).
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Classic transcrural celiac plexus block simulated on 100 computed tomography images
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Preventable drug waste among anesthesia providers: opportunities for efficiency
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Postoperative conversion disorder
Conversion disorder is a psychiatric disorder in which psychological stress causes neurologic deficits. A 28-year-old female surgical patient had uneventful general anesthesia and emergence but developed conversion disorder 1 hour postoperatively. She reported difficulty speaking, right-hand numbness and weakness, and right-leg paralysis. Neurologic examination and imaging revealed no neuronal damage, herniation, hemorrhage, or stroke. The patient mentioned failing examinations the day before surgery and discontinuing her prescribed antidepressant medication, leading us to diagnose conversion disorder, with eventual confirmation by neuroimaging and follow-up examinations.
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A randomized trial examining preoperative sedative medication and postoperative sleep in children
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Adopting the American anesthesia oral examination in China: value and roadblocks
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Phase II trial of biweekly docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy for advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Abstract
The prognosis of esophageal cancer patients is still unsatisfactory. Although a docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-Fu (DCF) regimen has been reported, it is often difficult to accomplish because of severe toxicity. Therefore, we developed a new biweekly DCF (Bi-DCF) regimen and previously reported the recommended dose in a phase I dose-escalation study. We then performed a phase II study of Bi-DCF for advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Patients with clinical stage II/III were eligible. Patients received 2 courses of chemotherapy: docetaxel 35 mg/m2 with cisplatin 40 mg/m2 on days 1 and 15 and 400 mg/m2 5-fluorouracil on days 1–5 and 15–19 every 4 weeks. After completion of the chemotherapy, patients received esophagectomy. The primary endpoint was the completion rate of protocol treatment. Thirty-two patients were enrolled. The completion rate of protocol treatment (completion of two courses of preoperative chemotherapy and R0 surgery) was 100 %. During chemotherapy, the most common grade 3 or 4 toxicities were neutropenia (31.3 %). No treatment-related death was observed, and the incidence of operative morbidity was tolerable. The overall response rate after the chemotherapy was 90.3 %. This Bi-DCF regimen was well tolerated and highly active. This trial was registered with the University Hospital Medical Information Network (No. UMIN 000014625).
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The leukotriene B4 receptor BLT2 protects barrier function via actin polymerization with phosphorylation of myosin phosphatase target subunit 1 in human keratinocytes
Abstract
Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) receptor type 2 (BLT2) is a novel G-protein-coupled receptor, which selectively binds to 12(S)-hydroxyheptadeca-5Z,8E,10E-trienoic acid (12-HHT) with stronger affinity than to LTB4. Recently, 12-HHT has been shown to have a protective effect on the epidermal barrier in human keratinocytes or transfectant cells overexpressing BLT2. Because the protective activity of BLT2 in high-calcium conditions, which occurs in well-differentiated cells, is exerted through increasing the integrity of tight junctions, we investigated the effects of 12-HHT on the barrier function of human keratinocytes in low-calcium conditions that mimic the basal layer; to our knowledge, this has not been reported previously. After stimulation with or without 12-HHT, barrier function was measured using transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) and dextran permeability assay. Expression levels of adhesion molecules and actin polymerization were also evaluated. Treatment with 12-HHT increased TER, along with decreased epidermal permeability of dextran in human keratinocytes. Furthermore, 12-HHT induced actin polymerization with phosphorylation of myosin phosphatase target subunit 1. These results suggest that the ligation of BLT2 protects permeability barrier function by enhancing cell–cell contact, even under low-calcium conditions, and indicate that a BLT2 agonist could be a novel therapeutic target for barrier-disrupted skin diseases.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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The unmet emotional, care/support, and informational needs of adult survivors of pediatric malignancies
Abstract
Purpose
This study describes the prevalence and predisposing factors for potentially modifiable unmet emotional, care/support, and information needs among adult survivors of childhood malignancies.
Methods
A randomly selected/stratified sample of participants in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS) responded to the CCSS-Needs Assessment Questionnaire (CCSS-NAQ) (n = 1189; mean [SD] current age, 39.7 [7.7], range = 26–61 years; 60.9 % women; mean [SD] years since diagnosis, 31.6 [4.7]). Survivors self-reported demographic information, health concerns, and needs; diagnosis/treatment data were obtained from medical records. Adjusted proportional risk ratios (prevalence ratios, PRs) were used to evaluate 77 separate needs.
Results
Fifty-four percent of survivors reported unmet psycho-emotional, 41 % coping, and 35 % care/support needs; 51, 35, and 33 %, respectively, reported unmet information needs related to cancer/treatment, the health care system, and surveillance. Female sex and annual income <$60K were associated with multiple needs; fewer needs were linked to diagnosis/years since/or age at diagnosis. Having moderate/extreme cancer-related anxiety/fear was associated with all needs, including a >6-fold increased prevalence for help dealing with "worry" (PR = 6.06; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 3.79–9.69) and anxiety (PR = 6.10; 95 % CI, 3.82–9.72) and a >5-fold increased prevalence for "needing to move on with life" (PR = 5.56; 95 % CI, 3.34–9.25) and dealing with "uncertainty about the future" (PR = 5.50; 95 % CI, 3.44–8.77). Radiation exposure and perceived health status were related to 42 and 29 needs, respectively.
Conclusions
Demographic factors, disease/treatment characteristics, and intrapersonal factors can be used to profile survivors' unmet emotional, care/support, and information needs.
Implications for Cancer Survivors
These data can be used to enhance provider-survivor communication, identify at-risk subsamples, and appraise core intervention content.
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Pannexin-1 channels show distinct morphology and no gap junction characteristics in mammalian cells
Abstract
Pannexins (Panx) are proteins with a similar membrane topology to connexins, the integral membrane protein of gap junctions. Panx1 channels are generally of major importance in a large number of system and cellular processes and their function has been thoroughly characterized. In contrast, little is known about channel structure and subcellular distribution. We therefore determine the subcellular localization of Panx1 channels in cultured cells and aim at the identification of channel morphology in vitro. Using freeze-fracture replica immunolabeling on EYFP-Panx1-overexpressing HEK 293 cells, large particles were identified in plasma membranes, which were immunogold-labeled using either GFP or Panx1 antibodies. There was no labeling or particles in the nuclear membranes of these cells, pointing to plasma membrane localization of Panx1-EYFP channels. The assembly of particles was irregular, this being in contrast to the regular pattern of gap junctions. The fact that no counterparts were identified on apposing cells, which would have been indicative of intercellular signaling, supported the idea of Panx1 channels within one membrane. Control cells (transfected with EYFP only, non-transfected) were devoid of both particles and immunogold labeling. Altogether, this study provides the first demonstration of Panx1 channel morphology and assembly in intact cells. The identification of Panx1 channels as large particles within the plasma membrane provides the knowledge required to enable recognition of Panx1 channels in tissues in future studies. Thus, these results open up new avenues for the detailed analysis of the subcellular localization of Panx1 and of its nearest neighbors such as purinergic receptors in vivo.
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Activating transcription factor 5 (ATF5) is essential for the maturation and survival of mouse basal vomeronasal sensory neurons
Abstract
Activating transcription factor 5 (ATF5) is a member of the CREB/ATF family of transcription factors, which is highly expressed in olfactory chemosensory tissues, the main olfactory epithelium and vomeronasal epithelium (VNE) in mice. The vomeronasal sensory neurons in the VNE detect pheromones in order to regulate social behaviors such as mating and aggression; however, the physiological role of ATF5 in the vomeronasal sensory system remains unknown. In this study, we found that the differentiation of mature vomeronasal sensory neurons, assessed by olfactory marker protein expression, was inhibited in ATF5-deficient VNE. In addition, many apoptotic vomeronasal sensory neurons were evident in ATF5-deficient VNE. The vomeronasal sensory neurons consist of two major types of neuron expressing either vomeronasal 1 receptor (V1r)/Gαi2 or vomeronasal 2 receptor (V2r)/Gαo. We demonstrated that the differentiation, survival and axonal projection of V2r/Gαo-type rather than V1r/Gαi2-type vomeronasal sensory neurons were severely inhibited in ATF5-deficient VNE. These results suggest that ATF5 is one of the transcription factors crucial for the vomeronasal sensory formation.
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Neuroanatomy of the optic ganglia and central brain of the water flea Daphnia magna (Crustacea, Cladocera)
Abstract
We reveal the neuroanatomy of the optic ganglia and central brain in the water flea Daphnia magna by use of classical neuroanatomical techniques such as semi-thin sectioning and neuronal backfilling, as well as immunohistochemical markers for synapsins, various neuropeptides and the neurotransmitter histamine. We provide structural details of distinct neuropiles, tracts and commissures, many of which were previously undescribed. We analyse morphological details of most neuron types, which allow for unravelling the connectivities between various substructural parts of the optic ganglia and the central brain and of ascending and descending connections with the ventral nerve cord. We identify 5 allatostatin-A-like, 13 FMRFamide-like and 5 tachykinin-like neuropeptidergic neuron types and 6 histamine-immunoreactive neuron types. In addition, novel aspects of several known pigment-dispersing hormone-immunoreactive neurons are re-examined. We analyse primary and putative secondary olfactory pathways and neuronal elements of the water flea central complex, which displays both insect- and decapod crustacean-like features, such as the protocerebral bridge, central body and lateral accessory lobes. Phylogenetic aspects based upon structural comparisons are discussed as well as functional implications envisaging more specific future analyses of ecotoxicological and endocrine disrupting environmental chemicals.
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The potential function of prohibitin during spermatogenesis in Chinese fire-bellied newt Cynops orientalis
Abstract
Prohibitin proteins are multifunctional proteins located mainly at the inner membrane of mitochondria expressed in universal species. They play a vital role in mitochondria's function, cell proteolysis, senescence, apoptosis and as a substrate for ubiquitination. In this study, we used PCR cloning, protein and nucleotide acids alignment, protein structure prediction, western blot, in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence to study the characteristics of the prohibitin gene and the potential role of prohibitin in spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis processes in the Chinese fire-bellied newt Cynops orientalis. First, we cloned a 1452-bp full-length cDNA from the testis of Cynops orientalis. Second, we found that the 272 amino acids of prohibitin have a SPFH family domain. Thirdly, the western blots showed high expression of prohibitin in testis while the protein size was approximately 32 kDa. Fourthly, the results of in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence experiments showed that most of the prohibitins travelled with the mitochondria's migration in Cynops orientalis. The quantities of mRNA decreased as spermiogenesis proceeded, although the signals of prohibitins existed during the whole period of spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis. In the mature germ cells, the signals of prohibitins were weak and aggregated at the end of the cell. Finally, we discovered that the Sertoli cells had a large quantity of prohibitins and we made several assumptions of prohibitins' potential roles in those cells. This is the first time that the relationship between mitochondria and prohibitin in different stages of the sperm cells in Cynops orientalis has been examined, which also revealed that Sertoli cells have abundant prohibitins.
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β2-Adrenoceptor is involved in connective tissue remodeling in regenerating muscles by decreasing the activity of MMP-9
Abstract
We investigated the role of β2-adrenoceptors in the connective tissue remodeling of regenerating muscles from β2-adrenoceptor knockout (β2KO) mice. Tibialis anterior muscles from β2KO mice were cryolesioned and analyzed after 3, 10, and 21 days. Regenerating muscles from β2KO mice showed a significant increase in the area density of the connective tissue and in the amount of collagen at 10 days compared with wild-type (WT) mice. A greater increase occurred in the expression levels of collagen I, III, and IV in regenerating muscles from β2KO mice evaluated at 10 days compared with WT mice; this increase continued at 21 days, except for collagen III. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-2) activity increased to a similar extent in regenerating muscles from both β2KO and WT mice at 3 and 10 days. This was also the case for MMP-9 activity in regenerating muscles from both β2KO and WT mice at 3 days; however, at 10 days post-cryolesion, this activity returned to baseline levels only in WT mice. MMP-3 activity was unaltered in regenerating muscles at 10 days. mRNA levels of tumor necrosis factor-α increased in regenerating muscles from WT and β2KO mice at 3 days and, at 10 days post-cryolesion, returned to baseline only in WT mice. mRNA levels of interleukin-6 increased in muscles from WT mice at 3 days post-cryolesion and returned to baseline at 10 days post-cryolesion but were unchanged in β2KO mice. Our results suggest that the β2-adrenoceptor contributes to collagen remodeling during muscle regeneration by decreasing MMP-9 activity.
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A Record-Setting #APTACSM
Check out highlights from #APTACSM 2016 in Anaheim. See more at www.apta.org/CSM.
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[New therapeutic strategy for head-and-neck neoplasms].
[New therapeutic strategy for head-and-neck neoplasms].
Nihon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho. 2015 Nov;118(11):1369
Authors:
PMID: 26891496 [PubMed - in process]
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Brain biopsy in atypical dementia and primary angiitis of the CNS—reply
Publication date: Available online 19 February 2016
Source:Human Pathology
Author(s): Shino Magaki, Tracie Gardner, Negar Khanlou, William H. Yong, Noriko Salamon, Harry V. Vinters
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PAX8, auseful biomarker for ovarianserous tumors
Publication date: Available online 19 February 2016
Source:Human Pathology
Author(s): Xiang Lin, Bing Bing Wu, Qun Ya Xing, Sheng Di Wang, Jun Li
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The Role of Alix in the Proliferation of Human Glioma Cells
Publication date: Available online 19 February 2016
Source:Human Pathology
Author(s): Chengjin Zhao, Na Ban, Shirong Dai, Xiubing Zhang, Li Zhang, Peng Xu, Wenjuan Chen, Jie Sun, Zhen Bao, Hao Chang, Donglin Wang, Jianbing Ren
Alix is involved in the endosome–lysosome system in the cytoplasm. The normal function of Alix may be altered by ALG-2 toward a destructive role during active cell death. Alix also may play a role in regulation of cell proliferation. However, the role of Alix in human glioma has not been elucidated yet. This study intended to clarify the relationship between Alix and glioma pathologic grades and its role in the proliferation of glioma cells. Our findings showed that Alix protein concentrations were significantly elevated in high-grade glioma tissue compared with low-grade glioma (P < .0001). Immunohistochemical study revealed that Alix was overexpressed in 75 resected glioma tissues and may forecast poor survival. Alix expression was increased in resting serum-stimulated glioma cells. Additionally, we reduced Alix expression in U251MG cells and then found that cell viability was decreased significantly when p21 expression increased. Colony formation assay and flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that reduced Alix expression may lead to growth inhibition and cell cycle arrest. In summary, our findings suggest that Alix plays an important role in the proliferation of glioma cells and may be a novel therapeutic target.
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"Exp Ther Med"[jour]; +50 new citations
50 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:
These pubmed results were generated on 2016/02/20
PubMed comprises more than 24 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
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[New molecular target therapy for thyroid neoplasms and malignant melanomas].
[New molecular target therapy for thyroid neoplasms and malignant melanomas].
Nihon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho. 2015 Nov;118(11):1366-7
Authors: Okano S
PMID: 26891495 [PubMed - in process]
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[New standard of cochlear implantation for children].
[New standard of cochlear implantation for children].
Nihon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho. 2015 Nov;118(11):1364-5
Authors: Yamamoto N
PMID: 26891494 [PubMed - in process]
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[Diagnosis of and therapy for dizziness].
[Diagnosis of and therapy for dizziness].
Nihon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho. 2015 Nov;118(11):1348-51
Authors: Takeda N
PMID: 26891493 [PubMed - in process]
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[Pathophysiology of Meniere's disease--point of views from the study on endolymphatic sac].
[Pathophysiology of Meniere's disease--point of views from the study on endolymphatic sac].
Nihon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho. 2015 Nov;118(11):1334-40
Authors: Mori N
PMID: 26891492 [PubMed - in process]
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[Impact of Kampo medicine upon the field of otorhinolaryngology--from head-and-neck neoplasms to otitis media].
[Impact of Kampo medicine upon the field of otorhinolaryngology--from head-and-neck neoplasms to otitis media].
Nihon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho. 2015 Nov;118(11):1295-300
Authors: Yoshizaki T, Murono S, Nakanishi K, Ito M, Maruyama Y, Miwa T, Shirai A, Ogawa K
PMID: 26891491 [PubMed - in process]
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[Trends in vocal cord surgery].
[Trends in vocal cord surgery].
Nihon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho. 2015 Nov;118(11):1289-94
Authors: Umeno H, Sano H, Chitose S, Kurita T, Fukahori M, Matsuyoshi S
PMID: 26891490 [PubMed - in process]
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[Frontline of vascular regenerative therapy for refractory peripheral arterial diseases].
[Frontline of vascular regenerative therapy for refractory peripheral arterial diseases].
Nihon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho. 2015 Nov;118(11):1281-8
Authors: Miyamoto M, Takagi H, Kubota Y, Tetsuka A, Tara S, Shimizu W, Fukushima Y, Kumida S, Tabata Y
PMID: 26891489 [PubMed - in process]
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Doublesex and mab-3 related transcription factor 1 (DMRT1) is a sex-specific genetic determinant of childhood-onset asthma and is expressed in testis and macrophages
Publication date: Available online 20 February 2016
Source:Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Maximilian Schieck, Jan P. Schouten, Sven Michel, Kathrin Suttner, Antoaneta A. Toncheva, Vincent D. Gaertner, Thomas Illig, Simone Lipinski, Andre Franke, Michael Klintschar, Omer Kalayci, Umit M. Sahiner, Esra Birben, Erik Melén, Göran Pershagen, Maxim B. Freidin, Ludmila M. Ogorodova, Raquel Granell, John Henderson, Bert Brunekreef, Henriëtte A. Smit, Christian Vogelberg, Andrea von Berg, Albrecht Bufe, Andrea Heinzmann, Otto Laub, Ernst Rietschel, Burkhard Simma, Jon Genuneit, Danny Jonigk, Dirkje S. Postma, Gerard H. Koppelman, Judith M. Vonk, Wim Timens, H. Marike Boezen, Michael Kabesch
BackgroundAsthma is a disease affecting more boys than girls in childhood and more women than men in adulthood. The mechanisms behind these sex-specific differences are not yet understood.ObjectiveWe analyzed whether and how genetic factors contribute to sex-specific predisposition to childhood-onset asthma.MethodsInteractions between sex and polymorphisms on childhood asthma risk were evaluated in the Multicentre Asthma Genetics in Childhood Study (MAGICS)/Phase II International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC II) population on a genome-wide level, and findings were validated in independent populations. Genetic fine mapping of sex-specific asthma association signals was performed, and putatively causal polymorphisms were characterized in vitro by using electrophoretic mobility shift and luciferase activity assays. Gene and protein expression of the identified gene doublesex and mab-3 related transcription factor 1 (DMRT1) were measured in different human tissues by using quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry.ResultsPolymorphisms in the testis-associated gene DMRT1 displayed interactions with sex on asthma status in a population of primarily clinically defined asthmatic children and nonasthmatic control subjects (lowest P = 5.21 × 10−6). Replication of this interaction was successful in 2 childhood populations clinically assessed for asthma but showed heterogeneous results in other population-based samples. Polymorphism rs3812523 located in the putative DMRT1 promoter was associated with allele-specific changes in transcription factor binding and promoter activity in vitro. DMRT1 expression was observed not only in the testis but also in lung macrophages.ConclusionDMRT1 might influence sex-specific patterns of childhood asthma, and its expression in testis tissue and lung macrophages suggests a potential involvement in hormone or immune cell regulation.
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Immunohistochemical expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in orofacial lesions – A review
Publication date: Available online 19 February 2016
Source:Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research
Author(s): Bhavana Gupta, Shaleen Chandra, Vineet Raj, Vivek Gupta
Angiogenesis is considered to be an important biological process in disease progression and tumorigenesis. Among the various factors associated with angiogenesis, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a leading candidate. VEGF induces the proliferation, differentiation, and migration of vascular endothelial cells, increases capillary permeability, and enhances endothelial cell survival by preventing apoptosis. This article reviews and highlights the role of VEGF in health, and various oral diseases.
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A clinical study of cardiac rhythm disturbance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using 24 hour Holter monitoring
2016-02-20T06-12-32Z
Source: International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
Varsha S. Dabadghao*, Rajsinh Patil, Suresh K. Sharma, Arjun L. Kakrani.
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been defined by GOLD (guidelines for obstructive lung disease) as a disease state characterised by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible, with FEV1/FVC
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No weekend effect on outcomes of severe acute pancreatitis in Japan: data from the diagnosis procedure combination database
Abstract
Background
In the early phase of severe acute pancreatitis, timely multidisciplinary management is required to reduce mortality. The aim of this observational study was to evaluate the impact of weekend hospital admission on outcomes using population-based data in Japan.
Methods
Data on adult patients (≥20 years) with severe acute pancreatitis were extracted from a nationwide Japanese administrative database covering over 1000 hospitals. In-hospital mortality, length of stay, and total costs were compared between weekend and weekday admissions, with adjustment for disease severity according to the current Japanese severity scoring system for acute pancreatitis, and other potential risk factors.
Results
In total, 8328 patients hospitalized during the study period 2010–2013 were analyzed (2242 admitted at weekends and 6086 on weekdays). In-hospital mortality rates were not significantly different: 5.9 vs. 5.4 % for weekend and weekday admissions, respectively (multivariate-adjusted odds ratio, 1.06; 95 % confidence interval, 0.83–1.35). The impact of weekend admission was not significant either for length of hospitalization (median, 18 vs. 19 days) and total costs (median, 6161 vs. 6233 US dollars) (both p > 0.19 in multivariate-adjusted linear regression). The rates of, and time to, specific treatments were also similar between patients with weekend and weekday admissions.
Conclusions
A weekend effect in severe acute pancreatitis admissions was not evident. Adjustments to weekend staffing and selective hospital referral of patients admitted at weekends are not indicated for severe acute pancreatitis in current clinical practice in Japan.
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Psychosocial Factors Associated with Subclinical Atherosclerosis in South Asians: The MASALA Study
Abstract
South Asians have the highest rates of premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease amongst all ethnic groups in the world; however this risk cannot be fully explained by traditional risk factors. Participants from the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America Study were included in this cross-sectional analysis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of psychosocial factors (including anger, anxiety, depressive symptoms, current and chronic stress, and everyday hassles) with carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). Three multivariate models were examined to evaluate the association between the psychosocial factors and CIMT. Findings suggest that the impact of psychosocial factors on subclinical atherosclerosis is differential for South Asian men and women. For men, anxiety and depression were associated; while for women, stress was associated with common carotid intima media thickness, independent of traditional CVD risk factors, diet and physical activity.
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Pantoea hericii sp. nov., Isolated from the Fruiting Bodies of Hericium erinaceus
Abstract
Three Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic bacterial isolates were obtained from the fruiting bodies of the edible mushroom Hericium erinaceus showing symptoms of soft rot disease in Beijing, China. Sequences of partial 16S rRNA gene placed these isolates in the genus Pantoea. Multilocus sequence analysis based on the partial sequences of atpD, gyrB, infB and rpoB revealed P. eucalypti and P. anthophila as their closest phylogenetic relatives and indicated that these isolates constituted a possible novel species. DNA–DNA hybridization studies confirmed the classification of these isolates as a novel species and phenotypic tests allowed for differentiation from the closest phylogenetic neighbours. The name Pantoea hericii sp. nov. [Type strain LMG 28847T = CGMCC 1.15224T = JZB 2120024T] is proposed.
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Induction of nodD Gene in a Betarhizobium Isolate, Cupriavidus sp. of Mimosa pudica , by Root Nodule Phenolic Acids
Abstract
A range of phenolic acids, viz., p-coumaric acid, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, protocatechuic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, and cinnamic acid have been isolated and identified by LC–MS analysis in the roots and root nodules of Mimosa pudica. The effects of identified phenolic acids on the regulation of nodulation (nod) genes have been evaluated in a betarhizobium isolate of M. pudica root nodule. Protocatechuic acid and p-hydroxybenzoic acid were most effective in inducing nod gene, whereas caffeic acid had no significant effect. Phenylalanine ammonia lyase, peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase activities were estimated, indicating regulation and metabolism of phenolic acids in root nodules. These results showed that nodD gene expression of betarhizobium is regulated by simple phenolic acids such as protocatechuic acid and p-hydroxybenzoic acid present in host root nodule and sustains nodule organogenesis.
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Antibiotics Resistance in Rhizobium: Type, Process, Mechanism and Benefit for Agriculture
Abstract
The use of high-quality rhizobial inoculants on agricultural legumes has contributed substantially to the N economy of farming systems through inputs from biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). Large populations of symbiotically effective rhizobia should be available in the rhizosphere for symbiotic BNF with host plants. The rhizobial populations should also be able to compete and infect host plants. However, the rhizosphere comprises large populations of different microorganisms. Some of these microorganisms naturally produce antibiotics which are lethal to susceptible rhizobial populations in the soil. Therefore, intrinsic resistance to antibiotics is a desirable trait for the rhizobial population. It increases the rhizobia's chances of growth, multiplication and persistence in the soil. With a large population of rhizobia in the soil, infectivity of host plants and the subsequent BNF efficiency can be guaranteed. This review, therefore, puts together findings by various researchers on antibiotic resistance in bacteria with the main emphasis on rhizobia. It describes the different modes of action of different antibiotics, the types of antibiotic resistance exhibited by rhizobia, the mechanisms of acquisition of antibiotic resistance in rhizobia and the levels of tolerance of different rhizobial species to different antibiotics.
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Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Stabilizers: a New Avenue for Reducing BP While Helping Hemoglobin?
Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Stabilizers: a New Avenue for Reducing BP While Helping Hemoglobin?
Curr Hypertens Rep. 2016 Mar;18(3):23
Authors: Yousaf F, Spinowitz B
Abstract
Anemia of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common and is associated with diminished quality of life, cognitive impairment, cardiovascular morbidity, hospitalizations, and mortality. As the prevalence of end-stage renal disease continues to rise, the management of anemia represents a growing economic burden. Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA) are the mainstay of anemia management but their use is limited due to the associated cardiovascular adverse events. Prolyl hydroxylase domain enzyme (PHD) inhibitors are a new class of drugs that stabilize the hypoxia-inducible factors and are under clinical investigation for the treatment of renal anemia. The advantages of PHD inhibitors include the oral route of administration, improved iron profile, restoration of diurnal rhythm of erythropoietin secretion, and endogenous erythropoietin production near physiological range. Emerging but limited data indicates a small blood pressure lowering effect of PHD inhibitors. The effect of PHD inhibitors on cardiovascular endpoints and the potential risks of CKD progression and pulmonary hypertension remains to be addressed in the ongoing clinical trials.
PMID: 26894597 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Vocal tract discomfort symptoms in patients with different voice disorders.
 | Related Articles |
Vocal tract discomfort symptoms in patients with different voice disorders.
J Voice. 2015 May;29(3):317-23
Authors: Lopes LW, Cabral GF, Figueiredo de Almeida AA
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the symptoms of vocal tract discomfort in patients with different voice disorders.
STUDY DESIGN: This study was descriptive, observational, and cross-sectional.
METHODS: A total of 210 subjects with vocal complaints and prior medical assessment were divided into five groups according to diagnosis: no laryngeal lesion, lesion to membranous portion, voice disorder of neurological origin, incomplete glottal closure without organic or neurologic cause, and voice disorder secondary to gastroesophageal reflux. All participants responded to the vocal tract discomfort scale at the time of assessment.
RESULTS: Patients had a mean of 4.01 ± 0.70 symptoms, with sore throat being the most commonly reported. Compared with patients in other groups, patients with lesions in the membranous portion of the vocal folds and those with voice disorder due to gastroesophageal reflux showed an increased number of symptoms. Voice disorders of reflux were shown to result in a higher frequency of sore throat and lump in the throat than in those with neurological etiology. The intensity of the lump in the throat was higher in patients with reflux than in patients with neurologic voice disorders.
CONCLUSION: There was a difference between the number, frequency, and intensity of symptoms of vocal tract discomfort based on the type of voice disorder.
PMID: 25499523 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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