Severity of allergic rhinitis impacts sleep and anxiety: results from a large Spanish cohort

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a highly prevalent disease that generates high social and health care costs and also has a significant effect on quality of life and quality of sleep. It has also been related to some...

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The hygiene hypothesis: immunological mechanisms of airway tolerance

Eline Haspeslagh | Ines Heyndrickx | Hamida Hammad | Bart N Lambrecht

https://ift.tt/2m4VJNo

Rare tumor in unusual location – glomus tumor of the finger pulp (clinical and dermoscopic features): a case report

Glomus tumors are rare, benign, vascular neoplasms arising from the glomus body. Although they can develop in any part of the body, they commonly do so in the upper extremities, most frequently subungual areas...

https://ift.tt/2J4R2vU

Incidental Finding of Left Ventricular False Chamber: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Implications

We present the case of a 75-year-old man with incidental finding of a left ventricular false chamber at echocardiography. A multimodality imaging approach including also transesophageal echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging allowed to better characterize the lesion and identify it as a pseudoaneurysm. Surgery showed an infective aetiology, which is rare, due to the finding of a large abscess in the cavity.

https://ift.tt/2KYLLb4

How Prepared Are We for Possible Bioterrorist Attacks: An Approach from Emergency Medicine Perspective

Preparedness for bioterrorist attacks and early recognition of specific agents are essential for public health. Emergency departments may play an important role in this field. The large spectrum of bioterrorism involves not only disastrous terrorism with mass casualties, but also microevents using low technology but producing civil unrest, disruption, disease, disabilities, and death. It aims not only to cause mortality and morbidity, but also to lead to social and political disruption. Preparedness appears to be the most potent defense against possible bioterrorist events. In this article, we aim to create awareness against biological agents and underline the importance of emergency departments in this public health problem.

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PAROTIDECTOMY INCISIONS

Publication date: Available online 8 July 2018

Source: Operative Techniques in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery

Author(s): Nigar Ahmedli, David Myssiorek

Abstract

The surgical approach to a parotidectomy was first described by Blair in 1912 for the resection of all parotid tumors. It has since evolved and changed into numerous permutations. The modern-day approach considers the size, location and sometimes anticipated pathology of the parotid tumor in addition to the need for a possible neck dissection. As the concern for cosmesis increases in today's society, the well-known Modified Blair incision has been revised to limit the cutaneous scar while preserving access and oncologic principles. The evolution of the parotidectomy incision from its first description to the various changes that have recently occurred are presented. These modifications occurred to take into account aesthetic concerns. The techniques are outlined as a surgical guide.

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The Notch Pathway in Breast Cancer Progression

Objective. Notch signaling pathway is a vital parameter of the mammalian vascular system. In this review, the authors summarize the current knowledge about the impact of the Notch signaling pathway in breast cancer progression and the therapeutic role of Notch's inhibition. Methods. The available literature in MEDLINE, PubMed, and Scopus, regarding the role of the Notch pathway in breast cancer progression was searched for related articles from about 1973 to 2017 including terms such as "Notch," "Breast Cancer," and "Angiogenesis." Results. Notch signaling controls the differentiation of breast epithelial cells during normal development. Studies confirm that the Notch pathway has a major participation in breast cancer progression through overexpression and/or abnormal genetic type expression of the notch receptors and ligands that determine angiogenesis. The cross-talk of Notch and estrogens, the effect of Notch in breast cancer stem cells formation, and the dependable Notch overexpression during breast tumorigenesis have been studied enough and undoubtedly linked to breast cancer development. The already applied therapeutic inhibition of Notch for breast cancer can drastically change the course of the disease. Conclusion. Current data prove that Notch pathway has a major participation and multiple roles during breast tumor progression. Inhibition of Notch receptors and ligands provides innovative therapeutic results and could become the therapy of choice in the next few years, even though further research is needed to reach safe conclusions.

https://ift.tt/2J3O1vQ

Tissue-targeted complement therapeutics

Publication date: Available online 7 July 2018

Source: Molecular Immunology

Author(s): Stephen Tomlinson, Joshua M. Thurman

Abstract

Complement activation contributes to the pathogenesis of numerous inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Therapeutic complement inhibitors have proven effective in several of these diseases and have now entered clinical use. Complement activation has multiple different biologic effects, however, and the currently available drugs can have undesirable side-effects, such as an increased risk of infection. Several different complement inhibitors have been developed that bind to target molecules, thereby concentrating the drug at a specific anatomic site. This approach appears to be both more effective than untargeted drugs and to have fewer side effects. In this article we review different targeting strategies that have been developed and the evidence supporting the use and benefits of targeted drugs.

https://ift.tt/2lYXHyK