The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The fourth author's name is Bianca Crewe, not Bianca Crew. The original article has been corrected.
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The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The fourth author's name is Bianca Crewe, not Bianca Crew. The original article has been corrected.
Publication date: Available online 10 August 2018
Source: Allergology International
Author(s): Ichiro Katayama
We have reported characteristic cutaneous manifestations of Sjögren syndrome (SS) with special references to autoimmune anhidrosis or hypoidrosis and related mucocutaenous manifestations in addition to annular erythema or cutaneous vasculitis. Although significance of cutaneous manifestations of SS has been gradually recognized in rheumatologists, sudomotor function has not been fully evaluated and recognized in the diagnosis of SS except for dermatologists. SS is a relatively underestimated collagen disease in contrast to SLE, systemic sclerosis, or dermatomyositis, special care should be needed not to make misdiagnosis of SS when we see the patients with common skin disease such as, drug eruption, infections skin disease or xerosis in the daily practice. In contrast to pathomechanisms of dry skin observed in SS, we recently reported that reduced sweating function and dry skin seen in atopic dermatitis (AD) are mediated by histamine or substance P, those are usually restored to normal levels after improvement of the dermatitis by topical corticosteroid ointment with or without oral anti-histamine. Therefore, xerotic skin lesions seen in SS and AD might be attributable to different pathomechanisms with similar dry skin manifestations. We recently reported that SS promotes dry skin when complicated with AD possibly due to acceleration of hypoidrosis. In this review, we would like to summarize our recent understanding of regulatory mechanism of impaired sweating function in allergic inflammatory skin diseases by introducing clinical presentations of AD/SS overlap cases as the model of hypoidrotic inflammatory skin diseases.
Endoscopic balloon dilation (EBD) is the mainstay of endoscopic therapy for laryngotracheal stenosis (LTS), although there is no evidence that it achieves better results than traditional rigid laryngeal dilators. Rigid bougie dilators are less expensive and easier to use, and confer the advantage of providing tactile information about the stenosis to the surgeon. We analyzed the outcome of endoscopic rigid bougie dilatation of LTS in a large series of children and compared it to the reported results of EBD in the same setting.
All cases of pediatric LTS treated by endoscopic rigid dilatation in a tertiary referral center between 2006 and 2015 were retrospectively studied. They were divided into a primary dilatation group (PDG) and a post-reconstruction dilatation group (PRG). The PDG children had no history of reconstructive airway surgery, and dilatation was the major treatment approach. The PRG children underwent dilatations after airway reconstruction surgery as part of routine postoperative management. A successful primary outcome was defined as improvement of dyspnea and achievement of a functional airway without reconstructive laryngotracheal surgery or need for a tracheostomy at final follow-up.
Sixty-two children (68 cases, mean age 5.1 years, range 0.7–17.2) underwent 156 endoscopic rigid dilatations. Successful outcome was achieved in 48 cases (70.6%), 73.0% in the PDG and 67.7% in the PRG. There were no procedure-related adverse events.
Endoscopic rigid dilatation is a relatively inexpensive and efficacious tool in endoscopic management of pediatric LTS. Its success rates are in the same range as those of EBD.
Equilibration rate constant is necessary to calculate effect-site concentration, which is useful to control drug effect. We developed pharmacodynamic models for published five compartmental pharmacokinetic models published by Wierda, Szenohradszky, Cooper, Alvarez-Gomez, and McCoy.
We used 3848 train-of-four ratios from 15 male and nine female patients (21–76 years; 44–93 kg body weight; 148–181 cm height; and 17.3–29.8 kg/m2 body mass index) as pharmacodynamic measures, which were collected at the start of 0.6 mg/kg rocuronium administration until the end of the surgery. Effect compartment was assumed to be connected to central compartment of the pharmacokinetic model with equilibration rate constant (ke0). Sigmoid Emax model was fitted to describe the relationship between train-of-four ratio and effect-site concentration. Age, sex, and body mass index were assessed as possible covariates of the following model parameters: ke0, effect-site concentration for half of maximum effect, and the steepness of the effect-site concentration versus effect relationship.
The duration of neuromuscular monitoring was 69 (37–129) [median (range)] min. All pharmacodynamic models included age and three included sex as significant covariates. Ke0 values ranged between 0.0820 and 0.247 depending on the pharmacokinetic model. The time-courses of the effect-site concentration were similar among the pharmacodynamic models for Wierda, Cooper, and Alvarez-Gomez pharmacokinetic models, which were lower than that for the Szenohradszky pharmacokinetic model.
Each pharmacodynamic model with the corresponding pharmacokinetic model can be described the time course of rocuronium effect appropriately. The required effect-site concentration of rocuronium for a pharmacodynamic effect was depending on the applied models.
Publication date: Available online 11 August 2018
Source: Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
Author(s): Sultan Albuhairi, Kristel El Khoury, Christina Yee, Lynda Schneider, Rima Rachid
Publication date: Available online 11 August 2018
Source: Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
Author(s): Alexa P. Kollmeier, Elliot S. Barnathan, Christopher O'Brien, Bin Chen, Yichuan (Karen) Xia, Bei Zhou, Matthew J. Loza, Philip E. Silkoff, Michelle Ge, Robin L. Thurmond
Androgen receptor (AR) is a member of the steroid and nuclear family receptor that acts as transcription factor. AR signaling plays pivotal role in the development and progression of prostate cancer. However, the role of AR in penile cancer (PeCa) is poorly explored. Our previous molecular studies unveiled frequent AR mRNA loss in PeCa, which was further predicted as a major driver alteration in this neoplasm. Herein, we assessed the AR protein expression in 59 usual PeCa tissues and 42 surrounding normal tissues (SNT) by immunohistochemistry using a tissue microarray. In a paired analysis, we found a total absence of nuclear AR expression in PeCa while 95.2% of SNT samples presented strong nuclear AR expression (P < 0.001). Interestingly, 17 of 42 PeCa presented weak or moderate cytoplasmic AR staining, contrasting with 5 of 42 SNT (P = 0.008). Increased levels of AR cytoplasmic expression were related with poor prognosis features including advanced clinical staging (P = 0.044), compromised surgical margins (P = 0.005), and pathological inguinal node status (P = 0.047). Furthermore, AR cytoplasmic expression was also related with shorter overall survival (P = 0.032). In conclusion, the frequent loss of nuclear AR protein levels suggests a potential function in PeCa development. Based on this result, the androgen deprivation therapy is not indicated for PeCa patients. In addition, the AR cytoplasmic expression found in a significant number of cases (40.5%) showed prognostic value and pathways activated by the non-genomic AR signaling may represent a promising therapeutic strategy.
Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonology, Ahead of Print.
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Violence and Gender, Ahead of Print.
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The Laryngoscope, EarlyView.
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Smith–Lemli–Opitz syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of cholesterol biosynthesis which is characterized by multiple congenital malformations and global developmental delay. Here we report the case...
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Violence and Gender, Ahead of Print.
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This article presents an approach to reanimation of the midface in long-standing flaccid facial palsy by means of functional free gracilis transfer and static facial suspension.
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Facial expression is of critical importance in interpersonal interactions. Thus, patients with impaired facial expression due to facial paralysis experience impaired social interactions. Numerous studies have shown that patients with facial paralysis and impaired facial expression suffer social consequences as demonstrated by being rated negatively with regards to attractiveness, affect display, and other traits. This has been demonstrated subjectively and objectively. Fortunately, reconstructive surgeries that restore the ability to express emotion can restore normalcy in these patients.
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A 55-year-old woman presented with a pruritic rash existing for three months which was unresponsive to topical steroids. Dermatologic examination revealed generalized purpuric patches with unclear borders primarily localized on buttocks, abdomen, wrists and upper legs. Biopsy taken with diagnoses of pigmented purpuric dermatosis, pityriasis Rosea and mycosis fungoides, showed superficial and middermal lymphoid infiltrate with epidermotrophism and atypical large cerebriform cells as well as basaloid vacuolization, spongiosis and extravasated erythrocytes in the superficial dermis.
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Introduction: Whether ingenol mebutate (IM) is effective as adjuvant topical treatment for mycosis fungoides (MF) remains undetermined.
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Paraneoplastic syndromes result from tumor secretion of hormones, peptides, or cytokines or from immunologic cross reactions between malignant and normal cells. Numerous organ systems may be affected by paraneoplastic conditions, including the skin. We report 2 cases of benign cutaneous vascular proliferations occurring in the setting of malignancy and propose the term paraneoplastic angiomatosis. Case 1: A 62-year-old man with multiple comorbidities presented with a large, irregular, blanching erythematous abdominal plaque.
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This study evaluated therapy of facial hyperpigmentation with a novel topical formulation combining two synergistic melanogenesis inhibitors: ascorbyl tetraisopalmitate (ATIP), the esterified form of vitamin C (concentration equivalent to 8% L-ascorbic acid), and crosslinked resilient hyaluronic acid (RHA). Vitamin C inhibits multiple oxidative steps during melanogenesis, diminishing tyrosinase activity. Clinical challenges with L-ascorbic acid include low skin penetrance, instability due to oxidation, and potential irritation.
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"Antiaging facial serum containing melatonin, bakuchiol, and ascorbyl tetraisopalmitate up-regulates antioxidant gene expression in medaka embryos"
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Introduction: Efficacy of tildrakizumab (TIL), a high-affinity, humanized, IgG1/κ monoclonal antibody against IL-23p19, has been evaluated for chronic plaque psoriasis (Pso) in 2 phase 3 randomized controlled trials. The objective of this analysis was to determine predictors of response to TIL treatment in the 2 trials.
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Background: Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune blistering disorder characterized by autoantibody deposition at the epithelial basement membrane zone. It classically presents in elderly adults and can be idiopathic or drug-induced. The 2 major bullous pemphigoid antigens do not differ between the drug-induced and idiopathic variants of the disease, nor do the direct and indirect immunofluorescence (DIF and IIF) findings. Pembrolizumab is an anti–programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) antibody which inhibits the negative immune regulation caused by PD-1 receptor signaling resulting in reversal of T-cell suppression and induction of antitumor responses.
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Background: Omalizumab has been shown to be highly effective in phase III clinical trials in treatment of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU).
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Background: Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) is a potentially fatal superficial blistering disorder caused by infection with exfoliative toxin producing strains of Staphylococcus aureus.
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Background: Patients of sebaceous hyperplasia (SH) usually seek treatment due to cosmetic concern. A few nonsurgical ablative devices are effective in treating SH, including carbon dioxide laser and erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnetlaser (Er:YAG) laser. But these options bear the considerable risk of postoperative discoloration and scar formation. Pulsed dye laser (PDL) has been reported effective in treating SH. However, only short pulse-duration PDL (SPDL) has been used in previous studies.
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Introduction: Dermoscopy of facial pigmented lesions is sometimes challenging and clinical-histologic correlation is essential.
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Background: Primary cutaneous mucinous carcinoma (PCMC) is a rare eccrine carcinoma with a propensity to affect the head, especially the eyelid. It has the potential to be locally destructive with high rates of recurrence but low metastatic potential. Owing to its rarity, demographic and cancer-related data for PCMC are limited.
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Poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) is a synthetic, biocompatible and biodegradable polymer used as a sterile injectable solution to stimulate collagen production, leading to cutaneous filling, but do not act as a true volumizer. It has been used in facial and extrafacial areas to correct flaccidity, loss of volume, improve contour and skin elasticity. We report four female patients treated with PLLA, one vial per session. The final dilution was 10 cc for facial and 20 cc for extra facial injections. Case 1: 56 yo, treatment of medial region of the arms in 3 sessions.
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Background: KX2-391, a dual Src tyrosine kinase and tubulin polymerization inhibitor, inhibits the growth of human keratinocytes with IC50 of 32 nM and induces apoptosis in dividing cells. A phase I study demonstrated that KX2-391 ointment 1% reduced actinic keratosis (AK) lesion counts and was well tolerated following 3 or 5 days of treatment on the forearm. Aim: To determine the activity, safety and pharmacokinetics of KX2-391 ointment 1% (5 or 3 days) in adults with AK on the face or scalp.
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Atopic dermatitis (AD) is associated with a heterogeneous presentation and clinical course. There are many different patient-reported outcome measures available that measure different aspects of the disease. However, there are few simple, intuitive and validated severity assessments that are feasible for clinical practice and epidemiologic research. We sought to validate patient-reported global AD severity in adults. We performed a prospective dermatology practice-based study using questionnaires and evaluation by a dermatologist (n = 265).
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Background: Visible light has multiple effects on the skin including erythema, DNA damage secondary to free radical production, and pigmentation. Few sunscreens protect against visible light, which can exacerbate photodermatoses. Polypodium leucotomos extract (PLE) has antioxidant, photoprotective, chemoprotective, antiinflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties that may offer protection against visible light induced effects.
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Introduction and objectives: Dry skin is a common condition during childhood. Clinical scoring of dry skin includes tactile evaluation of the skin surface to assess roughness. It also includes visual examination of the appearance of the skin and for severe cases the presence of dander. To our knowledge, no instrumental evaluation of roughness has ever been performed to objectively score skin dryness in a pediatric population, nor to document the clinical efficacy of skin care products specifically developed to address dry skin condition.
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Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is the most common dominantly inherited cancer predisposition syndrome with prevalence of ∼1:2,000. It is caused by mutations in NF1 gene on chromosome 17. The protein product of NF1 gene is neurofibromin, which acts as a tumor suppressor protein inhibiting Ras signaling pathway. The hallmark signs of the disorder are found on the skin, but NF1 is a multisystem disorder with increased risk for e.g., cancer, pregnancy complications, osteoporosis and learning difficulties.
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Background: Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is a common type of peripheral T-cell lymphoma. AITL can be missed until lymphadenopathy develops in patients initially presenting with skin lesions, as skin biopsy may lack conclusive findings. The expression of follicular helper T-cell (THF) markers in the skin can be an important diagnostic clue. We present a case of AITL with skin lesions positive for CD10 and dim PD-1 T cells, with the purpose of highlighting the potential for diagnosing cutaneous AITL via skin biopsy.
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The pathogenesis of acne is multifactorial, including increased sebum production, ductal epidermal proliferation, bacterial colonization and inflammation. While the sequence of events involved in acne pathogenesis have not yet been established, there is a strong corelationship between the presence of acne and growth of the microorganism Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) leading to suggestions that P. acnes is associated with acne. Recent studies have also shown an increased level of Staphylococcus epidermidis (S.
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The severity of allergic reactions to insect stings ranges from mild, local reactions to systemic, life-threatening anaphylaxis.1, 2 Systemic reactions (SRs) to Hymenoptera stings can occur in 0.5-3.3% of adults in the US and 0.3-7.5% of adults in Europe.3, 4 In pediatric patients, the prevalence of SRs is lower, from 0.15-0.8%.5-8 In addition, in children, the majority of SRs from sting consist of exclusively cutaneous symptoms.9 Venom immunotherapy (VIT) is very effective in decreasing the SR risk after subsequent sting and is generally indicated in subjects with histories of SRs to Hymenoptera stings with extra-cutaneous symptoms.
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Histamine appears to play a role in the pathophysiology of asthma. In patients with allergic asthma, there is an increase in histamine in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid that is negatively correlated with airway function.1-6 In addition, histamine levels rapidly increase in the plasma of antigen-challenged patients,7 and plasma histamine levels are lowered by effective management of asthma.8
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Publication date: Available online 10 August 2018
Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
Author(s): Cynthia M. Schwartz, Kristen Honsinger, Beth A. Fischer, Charles A. Elmaraghy
Introduction
The objective of this study was to determine if pre-operative oral midazolam administration decreased postoperative oral fluid intake after tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy.
Methods
A retrospective chart review identified 104 patients who were undergoing tonsillectomy with and without adenoidectomy who were not given midazolam preoperatively and 182 who were given midazolam preoperatively. Indications for tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy included obstructive sleep apnea, recurrent acute streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis, and, in selected cases, periodic fever with aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and adenopathy. All patients were evaluated in the pre-operative area by the attending anesthesiologist, who then determined whether or not he/she felt the patient would benefit from premedication with oral midazolam prior to surgery. Patients whom the attending anesthesiologist judged would benefit from midazolam were then given a 0.12 to 1.06 mg/kg dose (mean 0.35 mg/kg, STD 0.12), at the discretion of the anesthesiologist. Various methods were used to perform tonsillectomy, such as coblation and electrocautery, at the discretion of the otolaryngologist. Results were not stratified by surgical technique. Oral fluid intake was calculated by establishing the time of return to the floor from surgery and determining the documented oral fluid intake for the next 12 h. Oral fluid intake per kg per hour was then calculated. The amount of midazolam given was documented.
Results
There was no significant difference in oral fluid intake by group when adjusting for age and weight, F(1, 282)=.383, p=0.537. Also, there was no significant difference in ml/kg/hr by group when adjusting for age and weight, F(1, 282)=2.813, p=0.095.
Conclusions
There was no significant difference in oral fluid intake between the no midazolam and midazolam groups, indicating that clinicians can continue to use their judgement in administering midazolam to select anxious patients prior to tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy. Future work could include multi-center retrospective reviews or a randomized placebo-controlled trial to examine more carefully the effects of midazolam on postoperative oral fluid intake.
Publication date: Available online 10 August 2018
Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
Author(s): Dr Narinder Singh, Dr Jessica Chong, Dr Joyce Ho, Dr Shruti Jayachandra, Dr Daron Cope, Dr Fred Azimi, Guy D. Eslick, Dr Eugene Wong
Coins are the commonest foreign body ingested in paediatric populations. Although most ingested coins are either spontaneously passed or retrieved with medical intervention without serious consequence, there is potential for serious morbidity and mortality related to paediatric coin ingestion. We performed a 10-year retrospective review of Australian denomination coin ingestion at a tertiary paediatric hospital in Sydney, Australia. We attempted to determine whether a relationship exists between coin size, patient age, coin ingestion and spontaneous passage.
Hospital records of all children presenting in a 10-year period to a paediatric tertiary care centre for coin ingestion were reviewed. Demographic information, coin denomination, previous history, symptoms, investigations, management, outcome and complications were recorded.
241 cases were identified. The majority (55%) of cases occurred in children ≤3 years of age (range 7 months to 11 years, mean 3.39 years). The most common location where coins were identified was in the proximal third of the oesophagus or at the cricopharyngeus (65%). Spontaneous passage occurred in 84 cases (34.9%) while 167 cases (69.3%) required intervention. Children ≤3 years were more likely to ingest small coins (<22 mm) (OR: 2.44; 1.39-4.17) and children >3 years were more likely to ingest larger coins (22-26 mm) (OR: 2.17; 1.39-4.35).
Coin size, coin weight and age of the child appear to be predictors for both likelihood of ingestion and spontaneous passage in paediatric coin ingestion cases. A child with minimal symptoms, witnessed ingestion and radiographic identification of the coin in the lower oesophagus or more distal can often be safety observed for up to 24 h in anticipation of spontaneous passage.
Publication date: Available online 10 August 2018
Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
Author(s): Jaron Densky, Tirth Patel, Ashleigh Halderman, Prashant Malhotra
Extramedullary hematopoiesis is a rare cause of a sinonasal mass that presents unique diagnostic and treatment challenges. While there are numerous reports of patients with hereditary spherocytosis developing extramedullary hematopoiesis in the posterior mediastinum, involvement in the paranasal sinuses has not previously been described. Here, we present the first case of a patient with hereditary spherocytosis developing extramedullary hematopoiesis in the sphenoid sinus.
Publication date: September 2018
Source: Clinical Immunology, Volume 194
Author(s):
Publication date: Available online 10 August 2018
Source: Allergology International
Author(s): Sang Chul Park, Chi Sang Hwang, Hyo Jin Chung, Munkhbaatar Purev, Salma Saud Al Sharhan, Hyung-Ju Cho, Joo-Heon Yoon, Chang-Hoon Kim
To diagnose and treat respiratory allergic diseases, it is important to identify the specific allergens involved. Many differences exist between common inhalant allergens depending on the residential environment and demographic factors. This study aimed to compare common inhalant allergens between Koreans and non-Koreans according to their residential region, age, and sex.
This study evaluated 15,334 individuals who underwent serum tests for multiple allergen-specific immunoglobulin E at a tertiary academic medical center between January 2010 and December 2016. The individuals included 14,786 Koreans and 548 non-Koreans. The AdvanSure™ Allostation assay (LG Life Science, Korea) was used to test for 33 inhalant allergens.
The house dust mite (HDM) was the most common allergen in both Koreans and non-Koreans, although the proportion of individuals with HDM sensitization was greater among Koreans. High sensitization rates for various pollen types were detected among Koreans in Gangwon region, whereas Japanese cedar pollen was unique among Koreans in Jeju region. Grass pollen and animal dander were relatively common among individuals from the Americas, whereas weed and grass pollen accounted for the 10 most common allergens for individuals from Central Asia. The total sensitization rate, sensitization to HDM, and sensitization to animal dander peaked among adolescents and young adults, then subsequently decreased with age.
This large-scale study demonstrates that various regional and age-related differences exist in the allergen sensitization rates of Koreans and non-Koreans. These data could be useful for development of avoidance measures, immunotherapy for causative allergens, and policymaking regarding allergic diseases.
Publication date: Available online 10 August 2018
Source: Autoimmunity Reviews
Author(s): Lubica Raouva, Gowthamy Arepally, Mortimer Poncz, Douglas B. Cines
Publication date: Available online 10 August 2018
Source: Autoimmunity Reviews
Author(s): Javier Narváez, Pablo Juarez López, Judit LLuch, José Antonio Narváez, Ramón Palmero, Xavier García del Muro, Joan Miquel Nolla, Eva Domingo-Domenech
To evaluate the prevalence and type of rheumatic immune-related adverse events (IRAEs) in patients receiving programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors.
This is a single-center prospective observational study, including all cancer patients receiving PD-1 inhibitors between January 2016 and January 2018.
During the period analyzed, we evaluated a total of 11 patients. No patient had pre-existing rheumatic or autoimmune disease. In this period, a total of 220 patients were treated with PD1 inhibitors in our center; therefore, the estimated minimum prevalence of rheumatic IRAEs related to these therapies in our population was 5%.
The rheumatic IRAEs evaluated included 5 cases of oligo- or polyarthritis, 1 with a polymialgia rheumatica-type syndrome, 2 cases of immunotherapy-induced sicca syndrome, 2 patients who presented symptomatic inflammatory myositis with fasciitis in lower extremities, and 1 patient with a paraneoplastic acral vascular syndrome. The median time to IRAE after anti-PD1 exposure was 8 weeks (range: 2–24). In 5 patients, immunotherapy was discontinued (due to the adverse effect in three and cancer progression in two).
In general terms the symptoms resolved completely with symptomatic treatment. Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs were needed for 2 patients.
Rheumatic IRAEs should be kept in mind during the follow-up and evaluation of patients treated with PD-1 inhibitors. The concomitant development of symptomatic inflammatory myositis with fasciitis in lower extremities appears to be a new adverse effect of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. Additional studies are needed to determine how to adequately control and manage these complications.
Publication date: Available online 10 August 2018
Source: Autoimmunity Reviews
Author(s): Konstantia Psianou, Ioannis Panagoulias, Anastasios D. Papanastasiou, Anne-Lise de Lastic, Maria Rodi, Panagiota I. Spantidea, Søren E. Degn, Panagiotis Georgiou, Athanasia Mouzaki
Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that primarily affects the exocrine glands, resulting in their functional impairment. In SS, lymphocytic infiltration of salivary and lacrimal glands, and deposition of several types of autoantibodies, mainly anti-SS-A (anti-Ro) and anti-SS-B (anti-La), lead to chronic inflammation, with xerostomia and keratoconjunctivitis sicca. In its primary form (pSS), SS does not involve additional connective tissue diseases, whereas in its secondary and more common form (sSS), SS presents in association with other rheumatic autoimmune diseases, mainly rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and systemic sclerosis (SSc). As in most autoimmune diseases, environmental, hormonal and genetic factors are implicated in SS pathogenesis. In SS T cells predominate in mild lesions, whereas B cells predominate in advanced lesions. Th1, Th2, Th17, follicular helper T (Tfh) cells and regulatory cells (Tregs/Bregs), with their characteristic cytokine profiles, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of SS. It has been suggested that Th1 and Th17 cells initiate SS and, as the disease progresses, Th2 and Tfh cells predominate. It is assumed that, as in all autoimmune and inflammatory conditions, tolerance defects contribute to SS pathogenesis. It is intriguing that in SS it remains unclear which types of regulatory cells are functional and whether they ameliorate or worsen the disease. In this review we present a comprehensive update on SS with emphasis on immune system involvement, and suggest new insights into SS immunopathogenesis.
Publication date: Available online 10 August 2018
Source: Autoimmunity Reviews
Author(s): Massimo Ralli, Armando De Virgilio, Marco Artico, Lucia Longo, Marco de Vincentiis, Antonio Greco
Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonology, Ahead of Print.
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Viral Immunology, Ahead of Print.
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Having a new driver in the house can be an exciting time for both you and your teen. However, it is important that you communicate the importance of staying safe on the roads. Dr. Sarah Garwood gives her advice on the best ways to promote safe driving to your teen.
The post Talking to Your Teen About Safe Driving appeared first on ChildrensMD.
Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders, Ahead of Print.
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Publication date: Available online 10 August 2018
Source: Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
Author(s): Peter M. Elias, Jeffrey Sugarman
Description
Male neonate was born by normal vaginal delivery at 38 weeks. He was antenatally diagnosed to have dextrocardia, congenitally corrected transposition of great arteries, moderate ventricular septal defect and pulmonary atresia. He was born in good condition and cried at birth. However, he was noted to have saturation of 65%–70% in air and started on continuous positive airway pressure and transferred to neonatal intensive care unit for further monitoring. Postnatal echocardiography confirmed the diagnosis, and he was started on prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) at 5 nanogram/kg/min.
On day 3 of life, he underwent a cardiac gated CT angiography (CTA) for further understanding of anatomy and confirmation of diagnosis. In view of need for PGE1 until transfer to tertiary cardiac surgical centre, a peripherally inserted central venous catheter was inserted in the following 12 hours. He underwent an abdominal X-ray to check long line position (figure 1).
...
A patient presented with left upper eyelid swelling and ptosis. The MRI reported a cyst with proteinaceous content. On surgical excision of the cyst, a rigid gas permeable (RGP) contact lens was found. The RGP lens was encapsulated within the upper eyelid soft tissue. It was later revealed that the patient experienced childhood trauma while wearing RGP contact lenses 28 years previously. The patient assumed that the RGP lens fell out and was lost; however, it can be inferred that the lens migrated into the eyelid and resided there asymptomatically for 28 years.
A 28-year-old Pakistani man with previously treated latent tuberculosis (TB) presented with a 3-month history of productive cough, fever, drenching night sweats, anorexia, sore throat and tender left cervical lymphadenopathy. Extensive biochemical and microbiological tests, and imaging studies were all inconclusive. Lymph node biopsy revealed the diagnosis of Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD). He had persistent fever and anorexia during admission despite supportive measures which resolved quickly on starting prednisolone. He remained well after being weaned off steroids on 18 weeks' follow-up. KFD is a rare, self-limiting disease which can mimic several serious conditions such as TB and lymphoma. Prompt diagnosis with lymph node biopsy is paramount in addressing diagnostic uncertainty and avoids starting potentially toxic treatment on these patients.
Chronic liquorice ingestion is a rare cause of secondary hypertension and hypokalaemia with periodic paralysis. We report the case of a middle-aged Indian man who presented with hypertension and hypokalaemic alkalosis with recurrent bouts of periodic paralysis. Biochemical investigations revealed suppressed plasma renin and aldosterone concentrations with normal cortisol concentration. A detailed history revealed that he was addicted for the last 5 years to a form of chewing tobacco mixed with herbal preparations as a sweetening agent which on analysis revealed active principles of glycyrrhizin using the thin liquid chromatography method. The hypokalaemia resolved and hypertension control improved significantly after discontinuing liquorice consumption, and the patient was asymptomatic at 1-year follow-up. Long-term liquorice ingestion should be kept in mind as a reversible cause of hypokalaemic periodic paralysis, with a meticulous history and biochemical evaluation helping in identifying this recognisable and curable medical disorder.
We present a case of a child with pancreatic insufficiency and facial defects typical of Johanson-Blizzard syndrome (JBS), along with the more facultative anomalies of the JBS, such as those of the urogenital system including persistent urogenital sinus, urethral duplication and dysplastic kidneys. Fetal ultrasound in a 21-year-old G1P1 woman revealed ambiguous genitalia. Examination at birth revealed a phallic structure with urethral meatus, non-palpable gonads, two orifices in close proximity in the perineum, with the anterior being a common urogenital channel and the posterior, the rectum. A voiding cystourethrogram/genitogram showed bilateral high-grade vesicoureteral reflux and a common urogenital sinus extending 1.5 cm before dividing into three channels: the native urethra, an accessory urethra directed anteriorly towards the clitoris and a septate vagina with uterus didelphys. JBS was suspected by clinical presentation and confirmed by UBR1 molecular testing (46,XX). At 16 months of age, she underwent feminising genitoplasty and posterior sagittal anorectoplasty.
A 22-year-old woman met with road traffic accident 6 months back following which she underwent exploratory laparotomy with intraperitoneal bladder rupture repair. She presented with urethrovaginal fistula due to a fragment of fractured pubic bone impinging into the anterior vaginal wall. The findings were confirmed on CT scan and cystoscopy. The patient was managed with removal of the bony spicule and transvaginal repair of urethrovaginal fistula with Martius fat pad interposition.
Description
A 3-year-old male with no significant medical or surgical history presents to his paediatrician for annual examination. On auscultation, he was noted to have diminished left-sided breath sounds and heart sounds displaced to the right. The patient had no complaints of pain, difficulty swallowing, shortness of breath or dyspnoea on exertion. An initial chest X-ray was performed which demonstrated complete opacification of the left hemithorax with mediastinal shift towards the right. This was followed by a radiation dose reduced CT of the chest with intravenous contrast, which demonstrated a 7.8x7.4x13.3 cm fat density mass filling the majority of the left lung and extending to the pleura and mediastinum (figure 1A). The patient was optimised for the operating room and underwent a left lateral thoracotomy. Intraoperatively, the mass was identified and noted to have fusion to the pericardium and pleura in its superior margin with all other...
Limb salvage in an irradiated patient with limited recipient vessels leaves few options for reconstruction. Cross-leg free flaps have been used to reconstruct defects that would otherwise lead to amputation in patients with no ipsilateral recipient vessels. We present the first documented case of a cross-leg free flap for limb salvage in a radiated bed after infection and tumour resection.
Publication date: Available online 10 August 2018
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Soichi Tofukuji, Kazufumi Katayama, Yoshiyuki Nakano, Satoru Ishida, Junji Tsuchida, Minako Tajiri, Yusuke Shimo, Hidekazu Tanaka, Michitaka Shichijo
Publication date: Available online 10 August 2018
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Guan-Ting Zhai, Hai Wang, Jing-Xian Li, Ping-Ping Cao, Wen-Xiu Jiang, Jia Song, Yin Yao, Zhi-Chao Wang, Zhe-Zheng Wang, Meng-Chen Wang, Bo Liao, Qi-Miao Feng, Xiang Lu, Heng Wang, Peisong Gao, Zheng Liu
Although up-regulated expression of local IgD has been reported in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), its function is unclear.
To explore the expression and function of soluble IgD in CRS, particularly CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP).
IgD levels in sinonasal mucosa were analyzed by RT-PCR and ELISA. The numbers and phenotypes of IgD+ cells were studied by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry. HMC-1 cells, a human mast cell line, and mast cells purified from eosinophilic polyps were culture alone or with naïve B cells purified from peripheral bloods. The antigen specificity of nasal IgD was investigated by ELISA.
The mRNA expression of immunoglobulin heavy constant delta gene, the numbers of IgD+ cells, and the protein levels of secretory IgD in sinonasal mucosa were increased in CRS patients with or without nasal polyps compared to controls. The numbers of IgD+ plasmablasts were increased in both eosinophilic and non-eosinophilic polyps, whereas the numbers of IgD+ mast cells were only increased in eosinophilic polyps. Crosslinking IgD induced serum pre-incubated HMC-1 cells and polyp mast cells to produce B-cell activating factor, IL-21, IL-4 and IL-13, and to promote IgM, IgG, IgA, and IgE production from B cells. In eosinophilic polyps, the expression of those B cell-stimulating factors in mast cells and close contacts between mast cells and B cells were found. Moreover, positive correlations of total IgD with total IgE and eosinophilia, and up-regulation of specific IgD against house dust mites were discovered in eosinophilic polyps.
IgD-activated mast cells may facilitate IgE production and eosinophilic inflammation in CRSwNP.
Publication date: Available online 10 August 2018
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Michelle L. Hernandez, Radhika Dhingra, Allison J. Burbank, Krista Todorich, Ceila E. Loughlin, Marcia Frye, Kelly Duncan, Carole Robinette, Katherine Mills, Robert B. Devlin, David B. Peden, David Diaz-Sanchez
Technologies have always been bearers of profound changes in science, society, and any other aspect of life. The latest technological revolution—the digital revolution—is no exception in this respect. This paper presents the revolution brought about by digital technologies through the lenses of a specific approach: the philosophy of information. It is argued that the adoption of an informational approach helps avoiding utopian or dystopian approaches to (digital) technology, both expressions of technological determinism. Such an approach provides a conceptual framework able to address the ethical challenges that digital technologies pose, without getting stuck in the dichotomous thinking of technological determinism, and to bring together ethics, ontology, and epistemology into a coherent account.
Although asthma cannot be cured, appropriate management can ensure adequate control of the disease, prevent disease progression and even reverse the illness, enabling people to enjoy good quality of life. Pred...
https://ift.tt/2KGUX2Z
Publication date: Available online 10 August 2018
Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
Author(s): Mohammad Saberi, Zahra Golchehre, Hamzeh Salmani, Arezou Karamzade, Seyed Ziaeddin Tabatabaie, Mohammad Keramatipour
Waardenburg Syndrome (WS) as a congenital auditory-pigmentary syndrome is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder. Based upon clinical manifestations, it can be classified into four types. Loss of function mutations in PAX3 gene cause WS1 and WS3 (Klein-Waardenburg syndrome). While WS2 and WS4 have locus heterogeneity with multiple causative genes. Here we report a novel splice site variant in a pedigree with multiple affected members. Based on diagnostic criteria, three of them are associated with WS3. The remained patients classified as type 1.
PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing were performed for all exons and all exon-intron boundaries of PAX3 (NM_181459) gene of the proband. Then available symptomatic and asymptomatic members were screened for the detected variant. Interpretation and classification of the variant were done based on ACMG guidelines.
We identified a novel heterozygous splice site variant (c.586+2T>C) in donor site of intron 4 of PAX3 gene in our proband. Moreover, this variant was co-segregated with the disease in other available five affected members. Also, the detected variant was not detected in any of the investigated asymptomatic members. This variant was classified as a pathogenic variant based on the current guidelines for variant interpretation.
This study shows significant intra-familial clinical heterogeneity and absence of phenotype-genotype correlation in a pedigree with Waardenburg Syndrome. However, severity of phenotypes and additional symptoms in the patients can be related to alternative splicing and different levels of PAX3 expression. Detailed evaluation of more cases can shed light on this and case-reports are valuable traffic sign in the road. This article is the first report of Waardenburg syndrome type 3 in Iran.
Lau, C-I; Yánez, DC; Solanki, A; Papaioannou, E; Saldaña, JI; Crompton, T; (2018) Foxa1 and Foxa2 in thymic epithelial cells (TEC) regulate medullary TEC and regulatory T-cell maturation. Journal of Autoimmunity 10.1016/j.jaut.2018.07.009 . (In press). Green open access
https://ift.tt/2KIbP9t
Nassirpour, Arash; (2018) Performance Based Seismic Assessment of Masonry Infilled Steel Frame Structures. Doctoral thesis (Ph.D), UCL (University College London).
https://ift.tt/2M74ZQy
Tie, CH; Fernandes, L; Conde, L; Robbez-Masson, L; Sumner, RP; Peacock, T; Rodriguez-Plata, MT; ... Rowe, HM; + view all Tie, CH; Fernandes, L; Conde, L; Robbez-Masson, L; Sumner, RP; Peacock, T; Rodriguez-Plata, MT; Mickute, G; Gifford, R; Towers, GJ; Herrero, J; Rowe, HM; - view fewer (2018) KAP1 regulates endogenous retroviruses in adult human cells and contributes to innate immune control. EMBO Reports , Article e45000. 10.15252/embr.201745000 . (In press). Green open access
https://ift.tt/2KKvSEd
Eandi, CM; Charles Messance, H; Augustin, S; Dominguez, E; Lavalette, S; Forster, V; Hu, SJ; ... Sennlaub, F; + view all Eandi, CM; Charles Messance, H; Augustin, S; Dominguez, E; Lavalette, S; Forster, V; Hu, SJ; Siquieros, L; Craft, CM; Sahel, J-A; Tadayoni, R; Paques, M; Guillonneau, X; Sennlaub, F; - view fewer (2016) Subretinal mononuclear phagocytes induce cone segment loss via IL-1β. eLife , 5 , Article e16490. 10.7554/eLife.16490 . Green open access
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Léveillard, T; Sahel, J-A; (2017) Metabolic and redox signaling in the retina. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences , 74 (20) pp. 3649-3665. 10.1007/s00018-016-2318-7 . Green open access
https://ift.tt/2KKvDch
Leimbach, FMM; (2018) Effects of deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus and the pedunculopontine nucleus on cognitive function in Parkinson's disease. Doctoral thesis (Ph.D), UCL (University College London). Green open access
https://ift.tt/2OsHfmt
Meunier, I; Bocquet, B; Labesse, G; Zeitz, C; Defoort-Dhellemmes, S; Lacroux, A; Mauget-Faysse, M; ... Hamel, CP; + view all Meunier, I; Bocquet, B; Labesse, G; Zeitz, C; Defoort-Dhellemmes, S; Lacroux, A; Mauget-Faysse, M; Drumare, I; Gamez, A-S; Mathieu, C; Marquette, V; Sagot, L; Dhaenens, C-M; Arndt, C; Carroll, P; Remy-Jardin, M; Cohen, SY; Sahel, J-A; Puech, B; Audo, I; Mrejen, S; Hamel, CP; - view fewer (2016) A new autosomal dominant eye and lung syndrome linked to mutations in TIMP3 gene. Scientific Reports , 6 , Article 32544. 10.1038/srep32544 . Green open access
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Méjécase, C; Laurent-Coriat, C; Mayer, C; Poch, O; Mohand-Saïd, S; Prévot, C; Antonio, A; ... Zeitz, C; + view all Méjécase, C; Laurent-Coriat, C; Mayer, C; Poch, O; Mohand-Saïd, S; Prévot, C; Antonio, A; Boyard, F; Condroyer, C; Michiels, C; Blanchard, S; Letexier, M; Saraiva, J-P; Sahel, J-A; Audo, I; Zeitz, C; - view fewer (2016) Identification of a Novel Homozygous Nonsense Mutation Confirms the Implication of GNAT1 in Rod-Cone Dystrophy. PLoS One , 11 (12) , Article e0168271. 10.1371/journal.pone.0168271 . Green open access
https://ift.tt/2KKvfKR
Fontaine, V; Monteiro, E; Brazhnikova, E; Lesage, L; Balducci, C; Guibout, L; Feraille, L; ... Lafont, R; + view all Fontaine, V; Monteiro, E; Brazhnikova, E; Lesage, L; Balducci, C; Guibout, L; Feraille, L; Elena, P-P; Sahel, J-A; Veillet, S; Lafont, R; - view fewer (2016) Norbixin Protects Retinal Pigmented Epithelium Cells and Photoreceptors against A2E-Mediated Phototoxicity In Vitro and In Vivo. PLoS One , 11 (12) , Article e0167793. 10.1371/journal.pone.0167793 . Green open access
https://ift.tt/2M89Q3X
Gesnik, M; Blaize, K; Deffieux, T; Gennisson, J-L; Sahel, J-A; Fink, M; Picaud, S; Gesnik, M; Blaize, K; Deffieux, T; Gennisson, J-L; Sahel, J-A; Fink, M; Picaud, S; Tanter, M; - view fewer (2017) 3D functional ultrasound imaging of the cerebral visual system in rodents. NeuroImage , 149 pp. 267-274. 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.01.071 . Green open access
https://ift.tt/2KJoPeO
Newgas, Sophie Alice; (2018) Biocatalysis using plant and metagenomic enzymes for organic synthesis. Doctoral thesis (Ph.D), UCL (University College London).
https://ift.tt/2M60zt4
Dias, MDS; Hamel, CP; Meunier, I; Varin, J; Blanchard, S; Boyard, F; Sahel, J-A; Dias, MDS; Hamel, CP; Meunier, I; Varin, J; Blanchard, S; Boyard, F; Sahel, J-A; Zeitz, C; - view fewer (2017) Novel splice-site mutation in TTLL5 causes cone dystrophy in a consanguineous family. Molecular Vision , 23 pp. 131-139. Green open access
https://ift.tt/2OsrWKn
Mac Góráin, F; (2018) Virgil's Sophoclean Thebans. Vergilius (In press).
https://ift.tt/2M5xwFU
Alderson, P; (2018) God, words and us: Three levels of reality, truth and faith. The Friend: The Quaker Magazine , 176 (17) pp. 12-13.
https://ift.tt/2KISfK1
Alderson, P; (2018) Are human so different from other animals? Resurgence & Ecologist , 308 , Article 5109.
https://ift.tt/2M5xm1g
Marshall, Charles R; (2018) Physiology and neuroanatomy of emotional reactivity in frontotemporal dementia. Doctoral thesis (Ph.D), UCL (University College London).
https://ift.tt/2KIJ64c
McClymont, Laurie Iain; (2018) Searches for new physics using pairs of jets containing b-quarks at the ATLAS detector. Doctoral thesis (Ph.D), UCL (University College London). Green open access
https://ift.tt/2M4LgAV
Palmer, Alexandra; (2018) Saving and sacrificing: ethical questions in orangutan rehabilitation. Doctoral thesis (Ph.D), UCL (University College London).
https://ift.tt/2KH5JGv
Everard, RA; Howell, P; (2018) We have a voice: Exploring participants' experiences of Stuttering Modification Therapy. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology (In press).
https://ift.tt/2M60upg
Pavey, Alexander John; (2018) Crime, Space and Disorientation in the Literature and Cinema of Los Angeles. Doctoral thesis (Ph.D), UCL (University College London).
https://ift.tt/2OqUG6j
The Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2MyOclm
The sinuses, nasal cavity, and middle ear represent a rarer location of head and neck malignancy than more common sites such as the larynx and oral cavity. Population-based studies are a useful tool to study t...
https://ift.tt/2Ou1dxp
Die bildgebende radiologische Diagnostik ist heute aus den Untersuchungen beim hepatozellulären Karzinom (HCC) nicht mehr wegzudenken. Die Multidetektor-Computertomographie (CT) und Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) spielen hierbei eine entscheidende Rolle. Die Kontrastmittelsonographie (CE-US, „contrast enhanced ultrasound") stellt zudem für die Charakterisierung des HCC bei einer in der B‑Bild-Sonographie zufällig entdeckten Leberläsion bei Hochrisikopatienten eine Alternative dar.
Es wurden eine Recherche und Analyse aktueller Literatur durchgeführt.
Die CT ist als schnell und universell verfügbare Bildgebungsmodalität eine wichtige Methode zur Diagnostik des HCC. Sie profitiert von den technischen Weiterentwicklungen der letzten Jahrzehnte, die sich neben reduzierter Strahlendosis v. a. in schnellerer Akquisition niederschlagen. Mit der MRT können noch weitere Diagnosekriterien für die Evaluation und Differenzialdiagnose von fokalen Leberläsionen in der zirrhotischen Leber herangezogen werden. Sie ist heute ausreichend robust, um bei den allermeisten Patienten adäquate Bilder zu generieren. Die CE-US ist in der aktuellen nationalen S3-Leitlinie zur Diagnostik und Therapie des HCC als alternatives bildgebendes Verfahren zur CT und MRT für die Charakterisierung des HCC empfohlen, wenn ein unklarer Leberrundherd unabhängig von seiner Größe in einer Hochrisikogruppe in der B‑Bild-Sonographie detektiert wird. Die Vorteile liegen in den geringen Kosten, der raschen Verfügbarkeit, der fehlenden Strahlenbelastung und der fehlenden Nephrotoxizität. Im klinischen Alltag hat sich die Responsebeurteilung mit den mRECIST-Kriterien beim HCC weitestgehend durchgesetzt.
Sands, PJ; (2015) Regarding "United Kingdom Practise on the European Convention on Human Rights" by Lord Shawcross (1965-II): Britain, Europe and Human Rights — What Next. Revue Belge de Droit International (1-2) pp. 366-377. Green open access
https://ift.tt/2OZlpYL
Peters, NJ; Oppenheimer, C; Brennan, PV; Lok, LB; Ash, M; Kyle, P; (2018) Radar Altimetry as a Robust Tool for Monitoring the Active Lava Lake at Erebus Volcano, Antarctica. Geophysical Research Letters 10.1029/2018GL079177 . (In press).
https://ift.tt/2B0iTic
Mountain, NF; (2014) Youth mentoring: mentors' and caseworkers' perspectives of enduring mentoring relationships. Doctoral thesis , UCL (University College London). Green open access
https://ift.tt/2OT7xPM
Susceptibility to pepsin digestion of candidate transgene products is regarded an important parameter in the weight-of-evidence approach for allergenicity risk assessment of genetically modified crops. It has ...
https://ift.tt/2AUsMOl
We describe a novel device for rapid and economical minimal erythema dose testing in patients undergoing ultraviolet (UV) light phototherapy for treatment of skin diseases.
A minimal erythema testing device was designed and created using transparent plastic sheeting and printed patterns with increasing ink density, allowing for graded UV transmission of 100%, 80%, 60%, 40%, 20%, and 10% energy through six 10-mm square apertures. The plastic sheet was placed in a UV-impenetrable and Velcro-fitted adjustable sleeve, designed to fit easily onto a patient's arm. A pilot validation study was performed, comparing this device with a commercially available windowed device in which the dose is controlled by varying the UV exposure time through sequential opening of each window. The pilot was conducted on healthy skin of two human subjects with different Fitzpatrick skin types.
In our subjects, tested with one device on each forearm, the minimal erythema dose (MED), judged visually, was identical. However, the test device allowed MED testing in 3 min compared with 15 min for the traditional device. The test device is equally effective for use with ultraviolet-A (UVA), narrowband ultraviolet-B (NB-UVB) and broadband ultraviolet-B (BB-UVB) wavelengths. The test device is economical, with manufacturing cost of less than US $2.
We designed an MED testing device that is quick, accurate, cost-effective, and easy to use in the setting of a busy phototherapy practice. This device therefore has many advantages over existing MED testing approaches.
Publication date: October 2018
Source: Oral Oncology, Volume 85
Author(s): Lixia Lu, Yang Sheng, Guangshun Zhang, Yizhuo Li, Pu-Yun OuYang, Yaorong Ge, Tianyi Xie, Hui Chang, Xiaowu Deng, Jackie Q. Wu
To analyze the correlation between dose-volume-histograms (DVHs) with three patterns (edema, enhancement, and necrosis) of temporal lobe injury (TLI) in patients receiving intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and to determine optimal thresholds to predict the incidence of each TLI pattern, with particular emphasis on the relationship between edema volume and the risk of enhancement and necrosis.
A cohort of 4186 NPC patients treated with IMRT was retrospectively reviewed with TLI presenting in 188 patients. The atlases of complication incidence (ACI) for each pattern were constructed using DVH curves of temporal lobes. Optimal threshold for predicting incidence of each pattern was determined using the point closest to top-left of the plot. The accuracy of using edema volume to predict enhancement and necrosis incidence was evaluated via area under curve (AUC) of receiver operator characteristics (ROC).
All DVH parameters, Dmean, Dmax, D0.25cc, D0.5cc, D1cc, D3cc, D6cc, V20Gy, V30Gy, V40Gy, V50Gy, V60Gy, and V70Gy, except Dmin showed statistically significant differences between subgroups of each pattern (p < 0.05). For predicting incidence of each pattern, optimal DVH thresholds over the range of D0.25-D1cc, Dmean and V20-V70 were derived. The optimal thresholds of edema volume for predicting enhancement were 0.96 and 2.2cc and for predicting necrosis were 0.94 and 11.5cc.
Optimal DVH thresholds were generated for limiting risk of each injury pattern. Edema volume was a strong predictor for risk of enhancement and necrosis, which could potentially be reduced by lowering edema volume below threshold.
Publication date: Available online 9 August 2018
Source: Allergology International
Author(s): Roberta Olcese, Michela Silvestri, Paolo Del Barba, Noemi Brolatti, Salvatore Barberi, Maria Angela Tosca, Giorgio Ciprandi
Publication date: Available online 9 August 2018
Source: Molecular Immunology
Author(s): Jennifer N. Saultz, Aharon G. Freud, Bethany L. Mundy-Bosse
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are now recognized as important regulators of all cellular processes, including immune function and cancer survival. These evolutionary preserved, single-stranded, non-coding RNA molecules mediate important functional effects primarily through post-transcriptional regulation of protein expression. MiRNAs are known to mediate multiple oncogenic pathways in tumor cells, both tumor promoting and tumor suppressing. In addition to a direct tumor cell effect, miRNAs have also been shown to play a critical role in immune cell development, function and survival. Here we expand on previous reports to evaluate miRNA regulation in natural killer (NK) cells primarily in humans and focus on their influence on NK cell development and function in the setting of hematologic malignancies. In addition, we highlight the most recent miRNA discoveries in hematologic malignancies and discuss areas of future exploration relevant to the translational field of innate immunology and miRNA-based therapeutic intervention.
To compare the Galletti–Contrino manoeuvre with the more widely used Semont–Toupet in overweight subjects presenting with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPBV) of vertical semicircular canals (posterior and anterior canals).
Prospective cohort study.
204 patients (BMI range 25–30) with a diagnosis of BPPV of vertical semicircular canals were randomly divided in two groups treated with two different maneuvers: Galletti–Contrino (Group A) and Semont–Toupet manoeuvre (Group B). The results were compared with those obtained from a control group (204 non-overweight subjects with BPV of vertical semicircular canals.)
Galletti Contrino/ Semont Toupet manoeuvres.
Liberatory nystagmus or vertigo after maximum 2 maneuvers. Vertigo and dizziness intensity scores (Visual analogue scale VAS 0–10) from day 0 to day 5 following the repositioning manoeuvre were also recorded in responsive patients.
While in non-overweight subjects no significant difference comparing the effectiveness of the two manoeuvres was found, liberatory nystagmus and vertigo were more frequently observed after Galletti Contrino manoeuvre in overweight subjects; this difference was statistically significant when posterior canals were involved (P < 0.03). Vertigo and dizziness VAS scores reduced significantly from day 0 to day 5 after therapy in all groups. A more significant reduction of dizziness VAS was recorded in patients undergoing Galletti–Contrino manoeuvre at days 4–5 (P < 0.005).
Galletti–Contrino manoeuvre seems to be significantly more effective than Semont–Toupet manoeuvre in the treatment of BPPV of posterior semicircular canal and may be preferential in patients with limited body movements.
Ashlin, TG; Blunsom, NJ; Ghosh, M; Cockcroft, S; Rihel, J; (2018) Pitpnc1a Regulates Zebrafish Sleep and Wake Behavior through Modulation of Insulin-like Growth Factor Signaling. Cell Reports , 24 (6) pp. 1389-1396. 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.07.012 . Green open access
https://ift.tt/2OSL3hQ
Montgomery, P; Grant, S; Mayo-Wilson, E; Macdonald, G; Michie, S; Hopewell, S; Moher, D; ... Yaffe, J; + view all Montgomery, P; Grant, S; Mayo-Wilson, E; Macdonald, G; Michie, S; Hopewell, S; Moher, D; Lawrence Aber, J; Altman, D; Bhui, K; Booth, A; Clark, D; Craig, P; Eisner, M; Sherman, L; Fraser, MW; Gardner, F; Hedges, L; Hollon, S; Kaplan, R; Kaufmann, P; Konstantopoulos, S; McLeroy, K; Mittman, B; Nezu, A; Sonuga-Barke, E; Thomas, J; VandenBos, G; Waters, E; West, R; Yaffe, J; - view fewer (2018) Reporting randomised trials of social and psychological interventions: The CONSORT-SPI 2018 Extension. Trials , 19 , Article 407. 10.1186/s13063-018-2733-1 . Green open access
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Coxon, JC; Freeman, MP; Jackman, CM; Forsyth, C; Rae, IJ; Fear, RC; (2018) Tailward Propagation of Magnetic Energy Density Variations With Respect to Substorm Onset Times. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics , 123 (6) pp. 4741-4754. 10.1029/2017JA025147 . Green open access
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Jiang, Z; Huxter, JR; Bowyer, SA; Blockeel, AJ; Butler, J; Imtiaz, SA; Wafford, KA; ... Rodriguez-Villegas, E; + view all Jiang, Z; Huxter, JR; Bowyer, SA; Blockeel, AJ; Butler, J; Imtiaz, SA; Wafford, KA; Phillips, KG; Tricklebank, MD; Marston, HM; Rodriguez-Villegas, E; - view fewer (2017) TaiNi: Maximizing research output whilst improving animals' welfare in neurophysiology experiments. Scientific Reports , 7 , Article 8086. 10.1038/s41598-017-08078-8 . Green open access
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Barstow, JK; Aigrain, S; Irwin, PGJ; Kendrew, S; Fletcher, LN; (2016) Telling twins apart: exo-Earths and Venuses with transit spectroscopy. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society , 458 (3) pp. 2657-2666. 10.1093/mnras/stw489 . Green open access
https://ift.tt/2vA6Jaz
Bogomilov, M; Tsenov, R; Vankova-Kirilova, G; Song, Y; Tang, J; Li, Z; Bertoni, R; ... Heidt, C; + view all Bogomilov, M; Tsenov, R; Vankova-Kirilova, G; Song, Y; Tang, J; Li, Z; Bertoni, R; Bonesini, M; Chignoli, F; Mazza, R; Palladino, V; de Bari, A; Cecchet, G; Orestano, D; Tortora, L; Kuno, Y; Ishimoto, S; Filthaut, F; Jokovic, D; Maletic, D; Savic, M; Hansen, OM; Ramberger, S; Vretenar, M; Asfandiyarov, R; Blondel, A; Drielsma, F; Karadzhov, Y; Charnley, G; Collomb, N; Dumbell, K; Gallagher, A; Grant, A; Griffiths, S; Hartnett, T; Martlew, B; Moss, A; Muir, A; Mullacrane, I; Oates, A; Owens, P; Stokes, G; Warburton, P; White, C; Adams, D; Anderson, RJ; Barclay, P; Bayliss, V; Boehm, J; Bradshaw, TW; Courthold, M; Francis, V; Fry, L; Hayler, T; Hills, M; Lintern, A; Macwaters, C; Nichols, A; Preece, R; Ricciardi, S; Rogers, C; Stanley, T; Tarrant, J; Tucker, M; Wilson, A; Watson, S; Bayes, R; Nugent, JC; Soler, FJP; Gamet, R; Barber, G; Blackmore, VJ; Colling, D; Dobbs, A; Dornan, P; Hunt, C; Kurup, A; Lagrange, J-B; Long, K; Martyniak, J; Middleton, S; Pasternak, J; Uchida, MA; Cobb, JH; Lau, W; Booth, CN; Hodgson, P; Langlands, J; Overton, E; Robinson, M; Smith, PJ; Wilbur, S; Dick, AJ; Ronald, K; Whyte, CG; Young, AR; Boyd, S; Franchini, P; Greis, JR; Pidcott, C; Taylor, I; Gardener, RBS; Kyberd, P; Nebrensky, JJ; Palmer, M; Witte, H; Bross, AD; Bowring, D; Liu, A; Neuffer, D; Popovic, M; Rubinov, P; DeMello, A; Gourlay, S; Li, D; Prestemon, S; Virostek, S; Freemire, B; Hanlet, P; Kaplan, DM; Mohayai, TA; Rajaram, D; Snopok, P; Suezaki, V; Torun, Y; Onel, Y; Cremaldi, LM; Sanders, DA; Summers, DJ; Hanson, GG; Heidt, C; - view fewer (2017) Lattice design and expected performance of the Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment demonstration of ionization cooling. Physical Review Accelerators and Beams , 20 (6) , Article 063501. 10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.20.063501 . Green open access
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Aaij, R; Adeva, B; Adinolfi, M; Ajaltouni, Z; Akar, S; Albrecht, J; Alessio, F; ... Zucchelli, S; + view all Aaij, R; Adeva, B; Adinolfi, M; Ajaltouni, Z; Akar, S; Albrecht, J; Alessio, F; Alexander, M; Ali, S; Alkhazov, G; Cartelle, PA; Alves, AA; Amato, S; Amerio, S; Amhis, Y; An, L; Anderlini, L; Andreassi, G; Andreotti, M; Andrews, JE; Appleby, RB; Archilli, F; d'Argent, P; Romeu, JA; Artamonov, A; Artuso, M; Aslanides, E; Auriemma, G; Baalouch, M; Babuschkin, I; Bachmann, S; Back, JJ; Badalov, A; Baesso, C; Baker, S; Balagura, V; Baldini, W; Baranov, A; Barlow, RJ; Barschel, C; Barsuk, S; Barter, W; Baryshnikov, F; Baszczyk, M; Batozskaya, V; Batsukh, B; Battista, V; Bay, A; Beaucourt, L; Beddow, J; Bedeschi, F; Bediaga, I; Beiter, A; Bel, LJ; Bellee, V; Belloli, N; Belous, K; Belyaev, I; Ben-Haim, E; Bencivenni, G; Benson, S; Beranek, S; Berezhnoy, A; Bernet, R; Bertolin, A; Betancourt, C; Betti, F; Bettler, M-O; van Beuzekom, M; Bezshyiko, I; Bifani, S; Billoir, P; Birnkraut, A; Bitadze, A; Bizzeti, A; Blake, T; Blanc, F; Blouw, J; Blusk, S; Bocci, V; Boettcher, T; 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Dalseno, J; David, PNY; Davis, A; De Bruyn, K; De Capua, S; De Cian, M; De Miranda, JM; De Paula, L; De Serio, M; De Simone, P; Dean, CT; Decamp, D; Deckenhoff, M; Del Buono, L; Dembinski, H-P; Demmer, M; Dendek, A; Derkach, D; Deschamps, O; Dettori, F; Dey, B; Di Canto, A; Di Nezza, P; Dijkstra, H; Dordei, F; Dorigo, M; Suarez, AD; Dovbnya, A; Dreimanis, K; Dufour, L; Dujany, G; Dungs, K; Durante, P; Dzhelyadin, R; Dziewiecki, M; Dziurda, A; Dzyuba, A; Deleage, N; Easo, S; Ebert, M; Egede, U; Egorychev, V; Eidelman, S; Eisenhardt, S; Eitschberger, U; Ekelhof, R; Eklund, L; Ely, S; Esen, S; Evans, HM; Evans, T; Falabella, A; Farley, N; Farry, S; Fay, R; Fazzini, D; Ferguson, D; Fernandez, G; Prieto, AF; Ferrari, F; Rodrigues, FF; Ferro-Luzzi, M; Filippov, S; Fini, RA; Fiore, M; Fiorini, M; Firlej, M; Fitzpatrick, C; Fiutowski, T; Fleuret, F; Fohl, K; Fontana, M; Fontanelli, F; Forshaw, DC; Forty, R; Lima, VF; Frank, M; Frei, C; Fu, J; Funk, W; Furfaro, E; Farber, C; Torreira, AG; Galli, D; 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Joram, C; Jost, B; Jurik, N; Kandybei, S; Karacson, M; Kariuki, JM; Karodia, S; Kecke, M; Kelsey, M; Kenzie, M; Ketel, T; Khairullin, E; Khanji, B; Khurewathanakul, C; Kirn, T; Klaver, S; Klimaszewski, K; Klimkovich, T; Koliiev, S; Kolpin, M; Komarov, I; Kopecna, R; Koppenburg, P; Kosmyntseva, A; Kotriakhova, S; Kozachuk, A; Kozeiha, M; Kravchuk, L; Kreps, M; Krokovny, P; Kruse, F; Krzemien, W; Kucewicz, W; Kucharczyk, M; Kudryavtsev, V; Kuonen, AK; Kurek, K; Kvaratskheliya, T; Lacarrere, D; Lafferty, G; Lai, A; Lanfranchi, G; Langenbruch, C; Latham, T; Lazzeroni, C; Le Gac, R; van Leerdam, J; Leflat, A; Lefrancois, J; Lefevre, R; Lemaitre, F; Cid, EL; Leroy, O; Lesiak, T; Leverington, B; Li, T; Li, Y; Li, Z; Likhomanenko, T; Lindner, R; Lionetto, F; Liu, X; Loh, D; Longstaff, I; Lopes, JH; Lucchesi, D; Martinez, ML; Luo, H; Lupato, A; Luppi, E; Lupton, O; Lusiani, A; Lyu, X; Machefert, F; Maciuc, F; Maev, O; Maguire, K; Malde, S; Malinin, A; Maltsev, T; Manca, G; Mancinelli, G; Manning, P; Maratas, J; Marchand, JF; Marconi, U; Benito, CM; Marinangeli, M; Marino, P; Marks, J; Martellotti, G; Martin, M; Martinelli, M; Santos, DM; Vidal, FM; Tostes, DM; Massacrier, LM; Massafferri, A; Matev, R; Mathad, A; Mathe, Z; Matteuzzi, C; Mauri, A; Maurice, E; Maurin, B; Mazurov, A; McCann, M; McNab, A; McNulty, R; Meadows, B; Meier, F; Melnychuk, D; Merk, M; Merli, A; Michielin, E; Milanes, DA; Minard, M-N; Mitzel, DS; Mogini, A; Rodriguez, JM; Monroy, IA; Monteil, S; Morandin, M; Morello, MJ; Morgunova, O; Moron, J; Morris, AB; Mountain, R; Muheim, F; Mulder, M; Mussini, M; Muller, D; Muller, J; Muller, K; Muller, V; Naik, P; Nakada, T; Nandakumar, R; Nandi, A; Nasteva, I; Needham, M; Neri, N; Neubert, S; Neufeld, N; Neuner, M; Nguyen, TD; Nguyen-Mau, C; Nieswand, S; Niet, R; Nikitin, N; Nikodem, T; Nogay, A; Novoselov, A; O'Hanlon, DP; Oblakowska-Mucha, A; Obraztsov, V; Ogilvy, S; Oldeman, R; Onderwater, CJG; Ossowska, A; Goicochea, JMO; Owen, P; Oyanguren, A; Pais, PR; Palano, A; Palutan, M; Papanestis, A; Pappagallo, M; Pappalardo, LL; Pappenheimer, C; Parker, W; Parkes, C; Passaleva, G; Pastore, A; Patel, M; Patrignani, C; Pearce, A; Pellegrino, A; Penso, G; Altarelli, MP; Perazzini, S; Perret, P; Pescatore, L; Petridis, K; Petrolini, A; Petrov, A; Petruzzo, M; Olloqui, EP; Pietrzyk, B; Pikies, M; Pinci, D; Pistone, A; Piucci, A; Placinta, V; Playfer, S; Casasus, MP; Poikela, T; Polci, F; Lener, MP; Poluektov, A; Polyakov, I; Polycarpo, E; Pomery, GJ; Ponce, S; Popov, A; Popov, D; Popovici, B; Poslavskii, S; Potterat, C; Price, E; Prisciandaro, J; Prouve, C; Pugatch, V; Navarro, AP; Punzi, G; Qian, C; Qian, W; Quagliani, R; Rachwal, B; Rademacker, JH; Rama, M; Pernas, MR; Rangel, MS; Raniuk, I; Ratnikov, F; Raven, G; Redi, F; Reichert, S; dos Reis, AC; Alepuz, CR; Renaudin, V; Ricciardi, S; Richards, S; Rihl, M; Rinnert, K; Molina, VR; Robbe, P; Rodrigues, AB; Rodrigues, E; Lopez, JAR; Perez, PR; Rogozhnikov, A; Roiser, S; Rollings, A; Romanovskiy, V; Vidal, AR; 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Stone, S; Storaci, B; Stracka, S; Stramaglia, ME; Straticiuc, M; Straumann, U; Sun, L; Sutcliffe, W; Swientek, K; Syropoulos, V; Szczekowski, M; Szumlak, T; T'Jampens, S; Tayduganov, A; Tekampe, T; Tellarini, G; Teubert, F; Thomas, E; van Tilburg, J; Tilley, MJ; Tisserand, V; Tobin, M; Tolk, S; Tomassetti, L; Tonelli, D; Topp-Joergensen, S; Toriello, F; Aoude, RTJ; Tournefier, E; Tourneur, S; Trabelsi, K; Traill, M; Tran, MT; Tresch, M; Trisovic, A; Tsaregorodtsev, A; Tsopelas, P; Tully, A; Tuning, N; Ukleja, A; Ustyuzhanin, A; Uwer, U; Vacca, C; Vagnoni, V; Valassi, A; Valat, S; Valenti, G; Gomez, RV; Regueiro, PV; Vecchi, S; van Veghel, M; Velthuis, JJ; Veltri, M; Veneziano, G; Venkateswaran, A; Verlage, TA; Vernet, M; Vesterinen, M; Barbosa, JVV; Viaud, B; Vieira, D; Diaz, MV; Viemann, H; Vilasis-Cardona, X; Vitti, M; Volkov, V; Vollhardt, A; Voneki, B; Vorobyev, A; Vorobyev, V; Voss, C; de Vries, JA; Sierra, CV; Waldi, R; Wallace, C; Wallace, R; Walsh, J; Wang, J; Ward, DR; Wark, HM; Watson, NK; Websdale, D; Weiden, A; Whitehead, M; Wicht, J; Wilkinson, G; Wilkinson, M; Williams, M; Williams, MP; Williams, M; Williams, T; Wilson, FF; Wimberley, J; Winn, MA; Wishahi, J; Wislicki, W; Witek, M; Wormser, G; Wotton, SA; Wraight, K; Wyllie, K; Xie, Y; Xing, Z; Xu, Z; Yang, Z; Yang, Z; Yao, Y; Yin, H; Yu, J; Yuan, X; Yushchenko, O; Zarebski, KA; Zavertyaev, M; Zhang, L; Zhang, Y; Zhelezov, A; Zheng, Y; Zhu, X; Zhukov, V; Zucchelli, S; - view fewer (2017) Measurement of B-s(0) and D-s(-) Meson Lifetimes. Physical Review Letters , 119 (10) , Article 101801. 10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.101801 . Green open access
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