Gustavo Polacow Korn, Carlos Michaelis Jr., Vania Rosa Moraes
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol.2017;83:609-10
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Medicine by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos,Crete 72100,Greece,tel :00302841026182 & 00306932607174
Σάββατο 11 Νοεμβρίου 2017
Ethical and legal aspects in the care of singers and actors
Health‐related quality of life and disability in patients with acute unilateral peripheral vestibular disorders
Maria Petri, Magdalena Chirilă, Sorana D. Bolboacă, Marcel Cosgarea
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol.2017;83:611-8
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The potential role of amlodipine on experimentally induced bacterial rhinosinusitis
Arzu Tatar, Mukadder Korkmaz, Muhammed Yayla, Elif Polat, Hakan Uslu, Zekai Halici, Secil N. Parlak
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol.2017;83:619-26
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Tracheostomy in children: a ten‐year experience from a tertiary center in southern Brazil
Cláudia Schweiger, Denise Manica, Carolina Fischer Becker, Larissa Santos Perez Abreu, Michelle Manzini, Leo Sekine, Gabriel Kuhl
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol.2017;83:627-32
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Association between desloratadine and prednisolone in the treatment of children with acute symptoms of allergic rhinitis: a double‐blind, randomized and controlled clinical trial
Gustavo F. Wandalsen, Carolina Miranda, Luis Felipe Ensina, Flavio Sano, Roberto Bleul Amazonas, Joyce Macedo da Silva, Dirceu Solé
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol.2017;83:633-9
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Are people who have a better smell sense, more affected from satiation?
Seckin Ulusoy, Mehmet Emre Dinc, Abdullah Dalgic, Murat Topak, Denizhan Dizdar, Abdulhalim İs
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol.2017;83:640-5
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Significant association between osteoporosis and hearing loss: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Sikarin Upala, Pattara Rattanawong, Wasawat Vutthikraivit, Anawin Sanguankeo
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol.2017;83:646-52
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Carotid blowout syndrome in patients treated by larynx cancer
Carlos Miguel Chiesa Estomba, Frank Alberto Betances Reinoso, Alejandra Osorio Velasquez, Olalla Castro Macia, Maria Jesus Gonzalez Cortés, Jesus Araujo Nores
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol.2017;83:653-8
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Subjective visual vertical after treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
Maristela Mian Ferreira, Maurício Malavasi Ganança, Heloisa Helena Caovilla
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol.2017;83:659-64
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Free Field Word recognition test in the presence of noise in normal hearing adults
Gleide Viviani Maciel Almeida, Angela Ribas, Jorge Calleros
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol.2017;83:665-9
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Identification of key genes involved in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Xue Jiang, Lichun Feng, Baoqiang Dai, Liping Li, Weiwei Lu
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol.2017;83:670-6
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Nasal polyposis in cystic fibrosis: follow‐up of children and adolescents for a 3‐year period
Silke Anna Theresa Weber, Renata Mizusaki Iyomasa, Camila de Castro Corrêa, Wellington Novais Mafra Florentino, Giesela Fleischer Ferrari
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol.2017;83:677-82
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Arteriovenous malformation of the external ear: a clinical assessment with a scoping review of the literature
Shin Hye Kim, Seung Hoon Han, Yoonjae Song, Chang Sik Park, Jae‐Jin Song
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol.2017;83:683-90
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Effects of exposure to 2100MHz GSM‐like radiofrequency electromagnetic field on auditory system of rats
Metin Çeliker, Abdulkadir Özgür, Levent Tümkaya, Suat Terzi, Mustafa Yılmaz, Yıldıray Kalkan, Ender Erdoğan
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol.2017;83:691-6
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Translation and cultural adaptation of the Shame and Stigma Scale (SSS) into Portuguese (Brazil) to evaluate patients with head and neck cancer
William Eduardo Pirola, Bianca Sakamoto Ribeiro Paiva, Eliane Marçon Barroso, David W. Kissane, Claudia Valéria Maseti Pimenta Serrano, Carlos Eduardo Paiva
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol.2017;83:697-704
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Polymorphisms in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps – a systematic review
Vanessa Ramos Pires Dinarte, Anemari Ramos Dinarte dos Santos, Luiza Ferreira de Araújo, Mariah Guieiro Alves dos Reis, Edwin Tamashiro, Fabiana Cardoso Pereira Valera, Wilson Araújo da Silva Júnior, Wilma Terezinha Anselmo‐Lima
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol.2017;83:705-11
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Facial thread lifting with suture suspension
Joana de Pinho Tavares, Carlos Augusto Costa Pires Oliveira, Rodolfo Prado Torres, Fayez Bahmad Jr.
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol.2017;83:712-9
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The facial palsy as first symptom of the temporal bone lung cancer metastasis
Dragoslava Djeric, Ivan Boricic, Nada Tomanovic, Ljiljana Cvorovic, Srbislav Blazic, Miljan Folic, Igor Djoric
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol.2017;83:720-2
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A case of bilateral congenital middle ear cholesteatoma
Mihael Ries, Mirjana Kostić, Jakov Ajduk, Robert Trotić, Vladimir Bedeković
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol.2017;83:723-5
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Bilateral parotid glands infection caused by Calmette‐Guerin Bacillus after intravesical therapy for recurrent bladder cancer: a case report
Eviatar Friedlander, Paula Martínez Pascual, Pedro Montilla de Mora, Bartolomé Scola Yurrita
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol.2017;83:726-9
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Chest compression-related fatal internal mammary artery injuries manifesting after venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a case series
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation-related bleeding, especially internal mammary artery injuries, can become life-threatening complications after initiating venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation owing to...
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Requirements of a new allergen regulation
Publication date: Available online 11 November 2017
Source:Allergologia et Immunopathologia
Author(s): Cristina Rivas-Juesas, Joan Tomás Bartra, Ana M. Purroy Tabar
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Pityrosporum Folliculitis: A Retrospective Review of 110 Cases
Pityrosporum folliculitis has clinical and pathophysiologic similarities to acne vulgaris, and may be underrecognized.Pruritic, fine monomorphic papules and pustules on the face and back in patients previously treated with antibiotics suggest a diagnosis of Pityrosporum folliculitis.Pityrosporum folliculitis responds to treatment with topical or oral azole antifungal agents.
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The diagnostic value and histologic correlate of distinct patterns of shiny white streaks for the diagnosis of melanoma: a retrospective, case-control study
Shiny white streaks (SWS) are visible on polarized dermoscopy in melanoma and Spitz nevi but are infrequent in dysplastic nevi. They correlate histopathologically with dermal fibrosis.When observed in melanocytic lesions, SWS are highly specific and predictive for melanoma.Polarized dermoscopy to identify shiny white streaks is integral to the evaluation of melanocyticlesions.
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Delayed clinical complete response to intensity-modulated radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Source:Oral Oncology, Volume 75
Author(s): Wen-Fei Li, Yuan Zhang, Xu Liu, Ling-Long Tang, Li Tian, Rui Guo, Li-Zhi Liu, Ying Sun, Jun Ma
ObjectiveTwelve weeks after radiotherapy is the recommended time-point for assessing tumor response in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC); however, regression after 12 weeks remains unclear. We explored NPC regression and the prognosis of patients with delayed clinical complete response (cCR).Materials and methodsMRI images of 556 NPC patients treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) between 2009 and 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical tumor response was assessed at 3–4 (assessment 1) and 6–9 months (assessment 2) after IMRT, and survival rates were compared.ResultsOf the 556 patients, 463 (83.3%) had cCR at assessment 1 (early cCR). Of the 93 patients with partial response at assessment 1, 45 (48.4%) achieved cCR at assessment 2 (delayed cCR), and 48 did not have cCR at assessment 2 (non-cCR). Locoregional failure rate was lower in patients with a cCR than those without a cCR at assessment 1 (7.1% vs. 26.9%, P < .001) and assessment 2 (7.1% vs. 45.8%, P < .001). Multivariate analysis showed cCR was a favorable prognostic factor for locoregional failure-free survival (LRFFS), failure-free survival (FFS), and overall survival (OS). Early and delayed cCR groups had better 5-year LRFFS (92.6% vs. 93.3% vs. 54.2%), FFS (83.8% vs. 84.4% vs. 48.5%) and OS (92.1% vs. 90.6% vs. 65.4%) than the non-cCR group (all P < .001).ConclusionsNearly half of the patients with partial response at 3–4 months achieve cCR by 6–9 months; delayed cCR is not a poor prognosticator. We suggest later assessment of cCR at 6–9 months after IMRT is acceptable in responding NPC.
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Unplanned readmission following transoral robotic surgery
Source:Oral Oncology, Volume 75
Author(s): Michael C. Topf, Amanda Vo, Patrick Tassone, Christopher Shumrick, Adam Luginbuhl, David M. Cognetti, Joseph M. Curry
ObjectivesTo determine the rate of unplanned readmission after transoral robotic surgery (TORS), and to determine which patient or surgical factors increase the likelihood of readmission.Materials and methodsRetrospective chart review of all patients who underwent TORS for squamous cell carcinoma at our institution from March 2010 through July 2016. Primary outcome was unplanned readmission to the hospital within 30 days of discharge. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression were performed to identify risk factors for unplanned readmission.Results297 patients met eligibility criteria. 23 patients (7.7%) had unplanned readmissions within 30 days. Most common reasons for readmission were oropharyngeal bleed (n = 13) and pain/dehydration (n = 10). Average time to unplanned readmission was 6.52 days (range 0–25 days). Discharge on clopidogrel was the only variable independently associated with an increased risk of 30-day unplanned readmission on multivariable analysis with an OR = 6.85 (95% CI 1.59–26.36). Unplanned return to the operating room during initial hospitalization (OR = 7.55, 95% CI 1.26–38.50) and discharge on clopidogrel (OR = 10.45, 95% CI 1.06–82.69) were associated with increased risk of postoperative bleeding. Bilateral neck dissection (OR = 5.17, 95% CI 1.15–23.08) was associated with significantly increased odds of unplanned readmission secondary to pain and dehydration.ConclusionUnplanned readmission following TORS occurs in a small but significant number of patients. Oropharyngeal bleeding and dehydration were the most common reasons for unplanned readmission following TORS.
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Utilization of a pre-bent plate-positioning surgical guide system in precise mandibular reconstruction with a free fibula flap
Source:Oral Oncology, Volume 75
Author(s): Tingwei Bao, Jianfeng He, Changyang Yu, Wenquan Zhao, Yi Lin, Huiming Wang, Jianhua Liu, Huiyong Zhu
ObjectivesWe evaluated the effects of three-dimensional virtual planning and the use of a plate-embedded surgical guide in mandibular reconstruction with microvascular fibula flaps.Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 35 patients who underwent primary mandibular reconstruction with a free fibula flap. They were divided into three groups according to the therapy they received. In group A, 12 patients underwent reconstruction using the modified surgical guide system, including virtual surgeries, pre-bent titanium plates, screw-predesignated cutting guides for mandibular and fibular osteotomies, and plate-embedded shaping guides. In group B, 14 patients underwent reconstruction using the common surgical guide system, including virtual surgeries, cutting guides and pre-bent plates. In group C, 9 patients underwent reconstruction based on the surgeon's experience. All cases were reviewed for the total operative time, ischemia time of the fibula flaps, accuracy of surgery, and postoperative complications.ResultsAll of the fibula flaps survived. In group A, the ischemia time was shorter than that of groups B and C (P < .05). The average gonion and condyle shift was lower in group A than in groups B and C (P < .01).ConclusionsApplication of the screw-predesignated and plate-embedded surgical guide system can reduce the ischemia time and operation time in mandibular reconstruction with a fibula flap, and can increase reconstruction accuracy. This method is a precise and highly reliable technique for improving the clinical outcome of mandibular reconstruction.
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Clinicopathological Profile of Cervical Tubercular Lymphadenitis with Special Reference to Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major killer with a majority of 80–100 per lakh and 2–3% of patients attending our hospital are suffering from tuberculosis. Glandular TB appears to be high in our society. Fifty cases of cervical lymph nodes were collected in ENT department and studied. The diagnosis of TB cervical lymph nodes by disease process is only on 'Histopathological ground'.The aim of the present study is to establish the claim of TB cervical lymph node as a disease process.
http://ift.tt/2mjnO6C
Clinicopathological Profile of Cervical Tubercular Lymphadenitis with Special Reference to Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major killer with a majority of 80–100 per lakh and 2–3% of patients attending our hospital are suffering from tuberculosis. Glandular TB appears to be high in our society. Fifty cases of cervical lymph nodes were collected in ENT department and studied. The diagnosis of TB cervical lymph nodes by disease process is only on 'Histopathological ground'.The aim of the present study is to establish the claim of TB cervical lymph node as a disease process.
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Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-22 quality of life patterns in patients presenting with nasal septal perforation
Abstract
Objectives
To assess the impact of nasal septal perforation on quality of life.
Design
Retrospective cohort study.
Setting
Rhinology clinics from two hospitals in Liverpool, United Kingdom.
Participants
Patients diagnosed with nasal septal perforation (NSP).
Main outcome measures
Patients (n=26) diagnosed with NSP completed the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-22 (SNOT-22). The collated data was compared with SNOT-22 scores from a cohort of healthy volunteers (n=34) and a cohort of patients (n=30) diagnosed with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).
Results
The mean total SNOT-22 score of NSP and CRS cohorts were higher than that observed in healthy volunteers. The mean total SNOT-22 score in the CRS cohort (57.2, standard deviation SD 10.3) was the higher than NSP (50.2, SD 23.5), although this difference did not achieve statistical significance. The mean score for the rhinologic-specific domains (rhinologic symptoms, extra-nasal rhinologic symptoms), ear/facial symptoms and psychological dysfunction domain were higher in the CRS cohort compared to NSP, although statistical significance was only observed in the extranasal rhinologic symptoms domain (11.2, SD 2.4 vs. 6.4, SD 4.1). Conversely, the mean sleep dysfunction domain score for NSP (12.7, SD 7.5) was higher than CRS (10.0, SD 4.9 respectively) although this was not statistically significant.
Conclusions
The present study has assessed the clinimetric and psychometric properties of patients suffering with symptomatic NSP. Future reports should consider inclusion of SNOT-22 data but with the addition of perforation-specific symptoms (nasal crusting, epistaxis, whistling noise).
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Secretoneurin and PE-11 immunoreactivity in the human dental pulp
Source:Archives of Oral Biology, Volume 86
Author(s): René Steiner, Reiner Fischer-Colbrie, Athanasia Bletsa, Johannes Laimer, Josef Troger
ObjectiveTo explore whether there are differences in the concentration of the secretogranin II-derived peptide secretoneurin and the chromogranin B-derived peptide PE-11 between the healthy and inflamed human dental pulps. Furthermore, colocalization studies with calcitonin gene-related peptide were performed to confirm the sensory origin of the peptidergic nerves in the dental pulp.DesignThe concentrations of secretoneurin and PE-11 were determined by highly sensitive radioimmunoassays in extracts of dental pulps, the molecular form of secretoneurin immunoreactivities by RP-HPLC with subsequent radioimmunoassay and colocalization studies with calcitonin gene-related peptide were performed by double immunofluorescence.ResultsOnly secretoneurin but not PE-11 was detectable by radioimmunoassays whereas nerve fibers could be made visible for both secretoneurin and PE-11. Furthermore, there was a full colocalization of secretoneurin and PE-11 with calcitonin gene-related peptide in immunohistochemical experiments. There were no differences in the concentration of secretoneurin between the healthy and inflamed human dental pulp and moreover, the characterization of the secretoneurin immunoreactivities revealed that only authentic secretoneurin was detected with the secretoneurin antibody.ConclusionsThere is unequivocal evidence that secretoneurin and PE-11 are constituents of the sensory innervation of the human dental pulp and although not exclusively but are yet present in unmyelinated C-fibers which transmit predominantly nociceptive impulses. Secretoneurin might be involved in local effector functions as well, particularly in neurogenic inflammation, given that this is the case despite of unaltered levels in inflamed tissue.
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Sensory recovery of myomucosal flap oral cavity reconstructions
Abstract
Background
Sensory restoration of the oral cavity is a primary aim of reconstructive surgery in posttraumatic or postablative defects. Sensitivity plays a key role in oral function, whose impairment strongly affects the patient's quality of life. Cheek myomucosal flaps provide a reliable and tissue-like reconstruction of these regions but their sensitive recovery, which we still know little about, deserves thorough assessment.
Methods
In this retrospective study, the myomucosal cheek flaps were tested for different aspects of sensory recovery: touch; 2-point discrimination; pain; sharp/smooth discrimination; ability to feel hot/cold stimulus; stereognosis; and taste.
Results
Fifty-two myomucosal flap reconstructions were investigated. All sensitivity tests showed positive results. When comparison was possible, sensitivity seemed significantly close to the contralateral healthy side. Sensory recovery proved to be even better than that reported on reinnervated microvascular free flap reconstructions of the oral cavity.
Conclusion
Myomucosal flap reconstruction demonstrated a high degree of sensory recovery.
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Patterns of vascularization and surgical morbidity in juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: A case series, systematic review, and meta-analysis
Abstract
Background
Vascular patterns of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) are poorly defined. We performed both institutional and systematic literature reviews to characterize the relationship between arterial supply patterns of JNA with intraoperative blood loss and tumor recurrence.
Methods
A retrospective review of 26 patients with JNA treated at our institution from 1995 to 2015 with available angiograms, and systematic reviews and meta-analyses of 828 JNA cases undergoing angiographic embolization published between 1995 and 2015 were completed per Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
Results
The systematic review (828 cases) found internal carotid artery (ICA) supply in 35.6% of tumors, and 30.8% of tumors received bilateral vascular supply. Our institutional data (n = 26) indicated 69% had bilateral supply. Meta-analysis of data from 5 studies demonstrated ICA/bilateral arterial supply is predictive of increased operative blood loss (P < .01).
Conclusion
Complex vascular contributions to JNA are frequent, underreported, and portends increased blood loss. This information can justifiably be included in staging systems to enhance prognostic counseling of patients.
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Dose-finding and efficacy confirmation trial of the superselective intra-arterial infusion of cisplatin and concomitant radiotherapy for locally advanced maxillary sinus cancer (Japan Clinical Oncology Group 1212): Dose-finding phase
Abstract
Background
We are currently undertaking a multi-institutional prospective trial of the superselective intra-arterial infusion of high-dose cisplatin with concomitant radiotherapy for patients with T4aN0M0 or T4bN0M0 locally advanced maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). We herein report the results of the dose-finding phase.
Methods
The dose-finding phase sought to evaluate the incidence of dose-limiting toxicities and determine the recommended number of cycles of the intra-arterial infusion of cisplatin. In this phase, 100 mg/m2 of cisplatin was administered intra-arterially weekly for 7 weeks with concomitant radiotherapy (70 Gy).
Results
All 18 patients received a full dose of radiotherapy. The number of cycles of cisplatin was 7 in 13 patients and 6 in 5 patients. The dose-limiting toxicities were observed in 5 patients.
Conclusion
These results indicated that this therapy is safe and well-tolerated at 7 cycles of cisplatin, which was determined to be the recommended number of cycles for locally advanced maxillary sinus SCC.
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Flexible next-generation robotic surgical system for transoral endoscopic hypopharyngectomy: A comparative preclinical study
Abstract
Background
The purpose of this cadaveric study was to determine the efficacy of a flexible, next-generation robotic surgical system for transoral robotic hypopharyngectomy.
Methods
A comparative evaluation study of the flexible versus rigid robotic surgical systems for the hypopharynx was conducted using 3 cadavers. Endpoints for assessment were visualization of the hypopharynx, access to the hypopharynx, and difficulty of dissection. Hypopharyngectomy was performed on 3 other cadavers using the da Vinci Sp surgical system.
Results
Access to the apex of the pyriform sinus and the esophageal inlet was easier with the da Vinci Sp than with the da Vinci Si. Dissection with the da Vinci Sp was easier in all areas of the hypopharynx than with the da Vinci Si. Robotic hypopharyngectomy was successfully completed on all cadavers using the da Vinci Sp surgical system.
Conclusion
Preclinical testing in human cadavers suggests that flexible robotic surgery may facilitate successful transoral hypopharyngectomy.
http://ift.tt/2jj0K6H
Efficacy of subcutaneous injection of platelet-rich plasma in alopecia: A clinical and histological pilot study on a rat model with a six-month long-term follow-up experience
Summary
Purpose
To assess the potential of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) subcutaneous injection of to treat alopecia and to evaluate local toxicity.
Materials-Methods
Twelve Hairless rats were used. At D0, we performed systematic clinical examination and divided the rat back into four quadrants (Q). We initiated subcutaneous injection using either PRP in PRPQ+, platelet-poor plasma (PPP) in PPPQ+, physiological serum (PS) in PSQ+, or no treatment (Q4). At D7, D14, D21, and D28 but also second month (M2), M3, M4, M5, rats had exactly the same injection procedure. Follow-up with PRP efficacy and toxicity at D28 and M6 using clinical and histological evaluation was performed.
Results
Hair density was significantly improved at D28 and at M6 for PRPQ+ vs PSQ+ (respectively, P = .0156 and P = .0313), PPPQ+ (respectively, P = .042 and P = .046). Significant histological improvement was observed between D28 and M6, for PRPQ+ vs PPPQ+ and PSQ+ for vessels (respectively, P = .0160 and P = .021), collagen (respectively, P = .0036 and P = .032), and epithelium (respectively, P = .0138 and P = .022) with no local toxicity.
Conclusion
Our study suggests that subcutaneous PRP injections using controlled concentration of platelets and leukocytes improve hair growth.
http://ift.tt/2AAMTwT
Filling the periorbital hollows with hyaluronic acid gel: Long-term review of outcomes and complications
Summary
Introduction
Hyaluronic acid gel has been used for rejuvenation of the periorbital tissues since 2004. The in-office, nonsurgical procedural nature has resulted in the growing popularity of the use of fillers. The periorbital region poses unique challenges to the cosmetic surgeon. Malar edema, blue-gray dyschromia, and contour irregularities are well reported short-term complications. We present a long-term follow-up review of complications associated with periocular injection of hyaluronic acid gel fillers.
Methods
Retrospective review of 147 patients with at least a 5-year follow-up period since the first injection. Five senior masked reviewers were asked to grade photographs of patients in comparison with preinjection photographs. Grading was based on a reference photographic key looking specifically at the presence and severity of malar edema, blue-gray dyschromia, and contour irregularity.
Results
Malar edema (11%), blue-gray dyschromia (31.3%), and contour irregularities (30.5%) continue to be problems in longer term follow-up of patients. The vast majority (90%) of these complications were mild and required no intervention. There is no statistically significant difference in the mean volumes injected by severity grading of each measured complication.
Conclusion
Hyaluronic acid gel fillers of the periorbital region are well tolerated in our long-term follow-up experience. The vast majority of cases of malar edema, blue-gray dyschromia, and contour irregularities are mild and do not require intervention. Conservative treatment and tailored treatment approaches, in terms of volume and frequency of injections, may decrease the tendency of these adverse effects to occur.
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Tattoo aftercare tips
Proper tattoo aftercare is essential for keeping the design looking good and preventing infection. Learn more about how to care for a new tattoo.
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NUT Co Reactivity - Acquiring Knowledge for Elimination Recommendations (NUT CRACKER) Study
Abstract
Background
Ambiguities exist regarding the diagnosis of tree-nut allergy, necessitating either elimination or performance of oral food challenges (OFC).
Objective
To examine the co-incidences of allergies among tree-nuts and improve diagnostic testing to minimize the need for OFC.
Methods
Eighty three patients prospectively evaluated for walnut, pecan, cashew, pistachio, hazelnut and almond allergy. A history of previous reactions was obtained and standardized skin prick tests (SPT) using finely ground tree-nut solution and basophil activation tests (BAT) were performed. Patients underwent OFC for each tree-nut they eliminated and to which a reaction in the previous 2 years was not documented.
Results
While most patients were sensitized to 5-6 tree-nuts, over 50% were allergic to only 1-2 tree-nuts. The highest rate of allergy in sensitized patients was observed for walnut (74.6%) and cashew (65.6%). The rate of co-allergy for most tree-nuts was < 30%. Two thirds of walnut- and cashew-allergic patients were also allergic to pecan and pistachio, respectively, while all pecan- and pistachio-allergic patients were allergic to walnut and cashew, respectively. Receiver operating characteristic analysis for SPT and BAT was tree-nut dependent and yielded area under the curve (AUC) values ranging from 0.75-0.94. Knowledge of co-incident allergies in these pairs along with the combination of SPT and BAT correctly distinguished allergic from tolerant patients for walnut (87%), pecan (66%), cashew (71%) and pistachio (79%).
Conclusion
The data presented here should assist in differentiating between allergic and tolerant patients, decrease the need for OFC and allow for appropriate elimination recommendations.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Longitudinal observational study of hidradenitis suppurativa: impact of surgical intervention with adjunctive biologic therapy
Abstract
Background
Hidradenitis supppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the apocrine sweat glands affecting 1–4% of the population. While surgical excision is a mainstay of therapy, lesions often recur. Biologic therapies, including tumor necrosis factor-α and IL-12/23 inhibitors, are effective for mild to moderate HS. However, longitudinal studies investigating biologic therapy in conjunction with surgery are limited. The purpose of this analysis was to investigate impact of surgery and biologic therapy on HS disease activity.
Methods
Data from 68 HS patients were analyzed. Outcome measures included hidradenitis suppurativa Sartorius Score (HSS), active nodule (AN) count, Hurley stage, and probability of achieving 75% reduction in active nodule count (AN75).
Results
Mean age was 40 ± 14 years; 66% were female and 72% were African American. Mean disease duration was 10 years, and Hurley stage III disease was seen in 63% of patients. Patients who received biologics had a larger drop in HSS and AN count than those who never received biologics (P = 0.002). Biologic treatment was associated with average reduction in 22 (15–29) HSS points (P < 0.0001). The effect of biologics was greater in patients who also underwent surgery (P = 0.013). Timing of biologics relative to surgery did not impact efficacy. Patients who received HS surgery with biologic therapy were most likely to achieve the AN75 (P = 0.017).
Conclusions
In this diverse cohort of patients with severe HS, biologic therapy was associated with a more rapid decline in disease activity, with the greatest effect in patients who also underwent HS surgery.
http://ift.tt/2zvhuhs
Antidesmoglein 1 and 3 antibodies in healthy subjects of a population in the Peruvian high amazon
Abstract
Background
The objective of this study was to determine the presence of anti-Dsg1 and Dsg3 antibodies in healthy subjects of the high Peruvian Amazon (Tuemal, Rodriguez de Mendoza province, department of Amazonas) to establish the theoretical presence of environmental factors or triggers in the area.
Materials and methods
Cross-sectional study. The study population included persons of any age or gender, clinically healthy, who were evaluated by a dermatologist to confirm the absence of blistering diseases. Blood samples were analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), immunoprecipitation (IP), anti-Dsg1 IgM antibody (Ab) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), as well as anti-Dsg1 and anti-Dsg3 IgG Ab ELISA.
Results
Participants included 21 healthy subjects comprised of 61.9% males and 38.1% females; 47.6% had a positive anti-Dsg1 Ab ELISA for total IgG (or any subclasses). IIF detected antibodies against intercellular spaces in one subject. Anti-Dsg1 Ab IP was mildly positive in 33.3% of the subjects. Anti-Dsg1 IgG subclasses found positive were: IgG1 (19.0%), IgG2 (33.3%), and IgG3 (28.6%); none of the samples were positive for anti-Dsg1 Ab IgM ELISA, and 23.8% of the subjects were positive for anti-Dsg3 Ab ELISA. The age distribution was similar for subjects positive for anti-Dsg1 and anti-Dsg3 Ab ELISA, with higher frequencies found among the 20–29 and 40–49 year-old age groups.
Conclusion
A fraction of healthy subjects of the high Peruvian Amazon developed anti-Dsg1 and anti-Dsg3 antibodies, demonstrating the possible presence of environmental factors for endemic pemphigus (EP) at a higher altitude than previously described.
http://ift.tt/2zPwKqj
Dendritic cell phenotype in severe asthma reflects clinical responsiveness to glucocorticoids
Abstract
Background
Subsets of patients with severe asthma remain symptomatic despite prolonged, high dosage glucocorticoid therapy. We hypothesised that the clinical glucocorticoid sensitivity of these asthmatics is reflected in differences in peripheral blood dendritic cell subsets.
Objective
To compare peripheral blood leukocyte populations using flow cytometry at baseline and after 2 weeks of systemic glucocorticoid (steroid) treatment to identify immunological differences between steroid sensitive (SS) and steroid resistant (SR) asthmatics.
Methods
Adult severe asthmatics (SS n=12; SR n=23) were assessed for their response to two weeks of therapy with oral prednisolone. Peripheral blood was obtained before and after therapy and stained for lymphocyte (CD3, CD19, CD4, CD8 and Foxp3) and dendritic cell markers (Lineage negative [CD3, CD14, CD16, CD19, CD20, CD56], HLA-DR+, CD304, CD11c, ILT3 and CD86).
Results
A higher median frequency of myeloid DCs (mDCs) but not plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) was observed in the blood of SR as compared to SS asthmatics (p=0.03). Glucocorticoid therapy significantly increased median B cell, but not T cell numbers in both cohorts, with a trend for increased numbers of Foxp3+ Tregs in SS (p=0.07), but not SR subjects. Oral prednisolone therapy significantly reduced the median numbers and frequencies of total DCs and pDCs in both SS and SR asthmatics. Interestingly the expression of HLA-DR and ILT3 was also reduced on pDCs in all patients. In contrast, therapy increased the median frequency of mDCs in SS, but reduced it in SR asthmatics.
Conclusions
Myeloid DC frequency is elevated in SR compared with SS asthmatics, and mDC show a differential response to oral prednisolone therapy.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
http://ift.tt/2zC4h4k
Effect of general anesthesia and intubation on parathyroid levels in normal patients and those with hyperparathyroidism
Abstract
Background
Induction of general anesthesia and endotracheal intubation may precipitate parathyroid hormone (PTH) elevation in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT). The purposes of this study were to revisit this observation and to study its impact in healthy patients.
Methods
Patients with primary HPT who underwent parathyroidectomy were retrospectively studied. The PTH was sampled and compared: before, immediately after general anesthesia and endotracheal intubation, and 15 minutes after parathyroidectomy. Healthy adults who underwent elective operations were prospectively studied. The PTH was sampled before general anesthesia and endotracheal intubation, immediately after, and 15 minutes later.
Results
Thirty-one patients, aged 28-89 years (mean 60.1 ± 13 years), were retrospectively studied. The PTH was significantly elevated after general anesthesia and endotracheal intubation (P = .014). Fifty patients, aged 21-86 years (mean 54 ± 15 years), were prospectively studied. The PTH elevation after general anesthesia and endotracheal intubation was not significant.
Conclusion
General anesthesia and endotracheal intubation causes an immediate, steep, and significant PTH elevation in patients with primary HPT but only a minor change in healthy adults. The difference may be attributed to an impaired adrenergic response in patients with primary HPT.
http://ift.tt/2yRecWi
Efficiency of electrochemotherapy with reduced bleomycin dose in the treatment of nonmelanoma head and neck skin cancer: Preliminary results
Abstract
Background
In the present study, effectiveness of electrochemotherapy was compared in patients with nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) of the head and neck using standard and reduced doses of bleomycin.
Methods
Twenty-eight patients older than 65 years were prospectively treated with electrochemotherapy for nonmelanoma head and neck skin cancer. In the experimental group (n = 12 patients; 24 lesions), reduced bleomycin doses (10 000 IU/m2) were used. In the control group (n = 16 patients; 28 lesions), the standard bleomycin doses (15 000 IU/m2) were used. Tumor responses and side effects were monitored. These two groups were pair matched for the characteristics of patients (age, gender) and their tumors (diameter, histology type, recurrent lesions).
Results
Complete tumor response at 2 months post-electrochemotherapy with the reduced bleomycin dose was 100% and with the standard bleomycin dose it was 96%. No statistically significant difference regarding skin toxicity was observed between the 2 groups (P = .20). Skin toxicity of grade 3 or less was recorded only in the control group (7% of treated lesions).
Conclusion
Presented results show the comparable antitumor effectiveness of electrochemotherapy when using standard or reduced bleomycin dose in elderly patients with nonmelanoma head and neck skin cancer.
http://ift.tt/2mcP5Y6
Long-term outcomes after reirradiation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma with intensity-modulated radiotherapy: A meta-analysis
Abstract
Background
The purpose of this clinical review was to summate the published data for the long-term outcomes of reirradiation with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).
Methods
We searched biomedical literature databases for eligible studies published from January 2005 to September 2016. Outcomes of interests were 5-year local failure-free survival, distant failure-free survival, overall survival (OS), and toxicities. Meta-analysis was performed using a random effects model.
Results
We found 4 comparative and 8 noncomparative studies (n = 1768). Reirradiation was associated with pooled event rates of 72% (95% confidence interval [CI] 66%-78%; I2 = 84%), 85% (95% CI 82%-88%; I2 = 69%), and 41% (95% CI 36%-47%; I2 = 80%) for 5-year local failure-free survival, distant failure-free survival, and OS, respectively, with significant heterogeneity among the study results. The pooled event rate for grade 5 toxicities was 33% (95% CI 30%-35%; I2 = 0%) with minimal heterogeneity.
Conclusion
Reirradiation with IMRT for locally recurrent NPC could confer long-term disease control and survival but is associated with significant mortality.
http://ift.tt/2yReb4G
Ethmoidal adenocarcinoma treated by exclusive endoscopic approach: Focus on learning curve and modification of management
Abstract
Background
The purpose of this study was to investigate the outcome and recurrences for ethmoidal adenocarcinomas treated by exclusive endoscopic surgery in curative intent and investigate the role of the learning curve.
Methods
We conducted a single-center retrospective study, including 60 patients separated in 2 groups (2002-2011 n = 28 and 2012-2015 n = 32).
Results
The global survival rate at 5 years was 72.6%, and the global and local recurrence rates were 21.6% and 13.3%, respectively. The learning curve had significant impact on global survival at 2 years (93.8% vs 77.8%) and on overall and local recurrences, despite the higher rate of T4 classifications in the latter group. This learning curve could be explained by the evolution toward large endoscopic resection, bilateral, with resection of the cribriform plate, and eventually medial maxillectomy, and started on the healthy side.
Conclusion
For selected cases, exclusive endoscopic resection of ethmoid adenocarcinoma achieves results at least as good as craniofacial resection when performed by an experienced cranial base team and including a large endoscopic resection.
http://ift.tt/2mf8BDl
Cisplatin-conjugated gold nanoparticles as a theranostic agent for head and neck cancer
Abstract
Background
The purpose of this study was to develop a nanoplatform, which simultaneously acts as radiosensitizer, drug carrier, and tumor imaging agent for head and neck cancer.
Methods
We synthesized 20 nm gold nanoparticles, coated with glucose and cisplatin (CG-GNPs). Their penetration into tumor cells and their cellular toxicity were evaluated in vitro. In vivo experiments were conducted to evaluate their impact on tumor growth and their imaging capabilities.
Results
The CG-GNPs showed efficient penetration into tumor cells and similar cellular toxicity as cisplatin alone. Combined with radiation, CG-GNPs led to greater tumor reduction than that of radiation alone and radiation with free cisplatin. The CG-GNPs also demonstrated efficient tumor imaging capabilities.
Conclusion
Our CG-GNPs have a great potential to increase antitumor effect, overcome resistance to chemotherapeutics and radiation, and allow imaging-guided therapy.
http://ift.tt/2ySocys
Prognostic implication of fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in patients with recurrent papillary thyroid cancer
Abstract
Background
Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT (18F-FDG PET/CT) has been widely accepted as an effective method for detecting recurrent papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) in patients with increased serum thyroglobulin (Tg) or Tg antibody (TgAb) levels and negative whole-body scintigraphy (WBS) results. The role of WBS as a diagnostic tool in detecting recurrence has relatively decreased recently. However, only a few studies have examined the usefulness of 18F-FDG PET/CT for evaluating patients with recurrent PTC, regardless of the WBS results. The purpose of this analysis was to evaluate the diagnostic value and prognostic role of 18F-FDG PET/CT for patients with recurrent PTC, irrespective of their WBS results.
Methods
Sixty-six patients with locoregional recurrent PTC who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT and neck CT within 6 months before surgical treatment were included in this retrospective analysis. Imaging findings were compared with postoperative histopathologic results. The diagnostic values of 18F-FDG PET/CT and neck CT were compared according to the serum Tg and TgAb levels and cervical levels. Each patient's status at the last follow-up was also reviewed, and survival probabilities were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier plot.
Results
The sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of 18F-FDG PET/CT for the entire patient group were 38.5%, 90.2%, and 58.3%, respectively. The corresponding neck CT values were 55.0%, 85.7%, and 66.7%, respectively. According to the serum Tg and TgAb levels, except for the specificity, most diagnostic values of 18F-FDG PET/CT were worse than those of the neck CTs, with or without statistical significance. For the high maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) group (SUVmax >10) and the low SUVmax group, the median locoregional disease-free survival times were 33.3 months and 81.8 months, respectively (P < .001).
Conclusion
The diagnostic value of 18F-FDG PET/CT for localizing recurrent lesions was worse than that of the neck CT, irrespective of the WBS results. However, patients with a higher SUVmax showed a significantly worse prognosis than did those with a lower SUVmax. Therefore, we suggest that, in patients with recurrent PTC, 18F-FDG PET/CT should be considered for prognostication rather than diagnosis.
http://ift.tt/2mf8yaD
The Akkermansia-muciniphila is a gut microbiota signature in psoriasis
Abstract
Psoriasis is an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory skin disease. Although its pathogenesis is not fully understood, Th17 cells and the cytokines they produce, such as IL-17, IL-22 and IL-23, play critical roles in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Evidence has demonstrated that psoriasis has some common features, including immune responses (due to Th17 cells) and inflammatory cytokine profiles, with systematic diseases including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) and obesity. Recently, studies have demonstrated that the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in host homeostasis and immune response, particular in Th17 cells, but the role of the gut microbiota in psoriasis remains unclear. To study the relationship between gut microbiota and psoriasis, we analyzed microbiota profiles in psoriasis using a 16S rDNA sequencing platform, and we found that the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila was significantly reduced in psoriatic patients. Akkermansia muciniphila is believed to have an important function in the pathogenesis of IBD and obesity; therefore, Akkermansia muciniphila, which is an indicator of health status, may be a key node for psoriasis as well as IBD and obesity. Taken together, our study identified that gut microbiota signature and function are significantly altered in the gut of psoriatic patients, which provides a novel angle to understanding the pathogenesis of psoriasis.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
http://ift.tt/2mfsjPs
An infrequent case of anaphylaxis
Source:Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
Author(s): Mercedes Sáenz de Santa María García, Maria del Carmen Lillo Ordoñez, Benjamin Diaz-Zorita, Maria Luisa Baeza
http://ift.tt/2AvlCLx
Whole body post-ablation scan. (A) Seven days following the administration of 1850 mBq ofI131. The image shows uptake in the thyroid bed and suggestive of uptake in one or more nearby lymph nodes. Additional mild increased activity is seen in the liver. Diffuse liver uptake may be seen on post-therapy scans and is indicative of thyroxine production. Thyroid hormone (T3, T4) is metabolized in the liver and activity can be seen there after 3–7 days. In post-ablation patients, liver activity suggest
Figure 2: Whole body post-ablation scan. (A) Seven days following the administration of 1850 mBq ofI131. The image shows uptake in the thyroid bed and suggestive of uptake in one or more nearby lymph nodes. Additional mild increased activity is seen in the liver. Diffuse liver uptake may be seen on post-therapy scans and is indicative of thyroxine production. Thyroid hormone (T3, T4) is metabolized in the liver and activity can be seen there after 3–7 days. In post-ablation patients, liver activity suggests that I-131 has been incorporated into thyroid hormone by functioning metastases or residual thyroid activity in the neck. (B) Anterior planar view showing I-131 uptake in the thyroid bed, as well as physiologic activity in the salivary glands and nasopharyngeal area. The area outlined in red is a substernal notch marker.
http://ift.tt/2ABUzPi
Pathomechanisms of Contact Sensitization
Abstract
Contact sensitization is the initial process involved in the development of an allergic reaction to xenobiotic environmental substances. Here, we briefly describe the differences between irritant and allergic contact dermatitis. Then, we highlight the essential steps involved in the development of an ACD reaction, i.e., the protein binding of haptens, genetic factors influencing the penetration of sensitizers into the skin, the different mechanisms driving the initial development of an inflammatory cytokine micromilieu enabling the full maturation of dendritic cells, the role of pre- and pro-haptens, antigen presentation and T cell activation via MHC and CD1 molecules, dendritic cell (DC) migration, and potential LC contribution as well as the different T cell subsets involved in ACD. In addition, we discuss the latest publications regarding factors that might influence the sensitizing potential such as repeated sensitizer application, penetration enhancers, humidity of the skin, microbiota, Tregs, and phthalates. Last but not least, we briefly touch upon novel targets for drug development that might serve as treatment options for ACD.
http://ift.tt/2Az506a
In vasculitis of small muscular arteries, activation of vessel-infiltrating CD8 T cells seems to be antigen-independent
Abstract
The etiology of polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) and localized PAN is still unknown, although a T cell-mediated immune mechanism has been considered. CD8 T cells participate not only in the antigen-dependent adaptive immune system, but also in the antigen-independent innate immune system. Non-antigen-activated CD8 T cells express a unique phenotype: granzyme B (GrB) positive /CD25 negative /programmed death-1 (PD-1) negative. The aims of this study were to assess the participation of T cells, especially innate CD8 T cells, in the development of vasculitis. Twenty-eight consecutive cases of skin biopsy specimens with cutaneous vasculitis of small muscular arteries (CVSMA) were retrieved. The series comprises of 21 cases of cutaneous arteritis, three cases of PAN, and four cases of rheumatoid vasculitis. Cases of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis were excluded. The phenotypes of infiltrating lymphocytes in vasculitis lesions were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. In most cases of CVSMA, the number of CD8 T cells infiltrating the intima was higher than that of CD4 T cells, and significant numbers of GrB-positive cells, which represent activated CD8 T cells, were observed. However, GrB/CD25-double-positive cells, which correspond to antigen-activated T cells, were very few in a small number of cases. Cells positive for PD-1, which is also expressed on antigen-activated CD8 T cells, were not detected. We conclude that a T cell-mediated immune mechanism, involving cytotoxic CD8 T cells, may play a role in the development of CVSMA. Low expression of CD25 in activated CD8 T cells suggests that activation was antigen-independent.
http://ift.tt/2yt2vBa
Transforming growth factor-β1 decreases epithelial tight junction integrity in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Source:Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Jian Jiao, Ming Wang, Su Duan, Yifan Meng, Na Meng, Ying Li, Erzhong Fan, Cezmi Akdis, Luo Zhang
http://ift.tt/2jib6nk
Autoinflammatory phenotypes in Aicardi-Goutières syndrome with interferon upregulation and serological autoimmune features
Source:Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Yuji Sugawara, Kohsuke Imai, Ayako Kashimada, Kengo Moriyama, Shimpei Baba, Ryuta Nishikomori, Mizuho Motegi, Yasuo Takeuchi, Tomohiro Morio
In an Aicardi-Goutières syndrome patient, cimetidine successfully controlled periodic fever with improved serum autoimmune marker levels, suggesting the presence of crosstalk between autoinflammation and autoimmunity in type I interferonopathy.
http://ift.tt/2hrN5tB
Allergy terminology: towards a common language and shared understanding
Source:Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Michael Levin
Terminology that is used in an inconsistent and ambiguous way by allergists includes the term "cross reactivity" and the use of the word "positive" when referring to allergy tests. This may have serious potential for miscommunication and adversely affect patient care.
http://ift.tt/2jjEKZx
Title: Experimental Asthma Persists in IL33 Receptor Knockout Mice Due to the Emergence of a TSLP-driven IL9+ and IL13+ ILC2 subpopulations
Source:Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Mukesh Verma, Sucai Liu, Lidia Michalec, Anand Sripada, Magdalena M. Gorska, Rafeul Alam
BackgroundIL33 plays an important role in development of experimental asthma.ObjectiveTo study the role of the IL33 receptor (ST2) in persistence of asthma in a mouse model.MethodsWe studied allergen-induced experimental asthma in ST2 knockout (KO) and wild-type control mice. We measured airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) by flexivent, inflammatory indices by ELISA, histology and real-time PCR, and ILC2s in lung single cell preparations by flow cytometry.ResultsThe AHR level was elevated in allergen-treated ST2 KO mice and was comparable to that from allergen-treated WT controls. Peribronchial and perivascular inflammation and mucus production were largely similar in both groups. Persistence of experimental asthma in ST2 KO mice was associated with an increase in the level of TSLP, IL9 and IL13 but not IL5 in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). ST2 deletion expectedly caused a reduction in IL13+ CD4 T cells, Foxp3+ Tregs and IL5+ ILC2s. Unexpectedly, ST2 deletion led to an overall increase in ILCs (CD45+lin-CD25+ cells), IL13+ ILC2s, the emergence of a TSLP-R+ IL9+ ILC2 population and an increase in intraepithelial mast cells in the lung. An anti-TSLP antibody abrogated AHR, inflammation and mucus production in allergen-treated ST2 KO mice. It also caused a reduction in ILCs, ILC2s, and IL9+ and IL13+ ILC2s in the lung.ConclusionsGenetic deletion of the IL33 receptor paradoxically increases TSLP production, which stimulates the emergence of IL9+ and IL13+ ILC2s and mast cells, and leads to the development of chronic experimental asthma. An anti-TSLP antibody abrogates all pathologic features of asthma in this model.
http://ift.tt/2hrZJZA
The XTEND-CIU study: long term use of Omalizumab in Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria
Source:Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Marcus Maurer, Allen Kaplan, Karin Rosén, Michael Holden, Ahmar Iqbal, Benjamin L. Trzaskoma, Ming Yang, Thomas B. Casale
These data support omalizumab safety and efficacy in patients with antihistamine-resistant CIU/CSU to 48 weeks and provide evidence of omalizumab re-treatment efficacy and safety.
http://ift.tt/2jiPHKO
Breastfeeding and risk of asthma, hay fever and eczema
Source:Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Ek. Weronica E, Karlsson Torgny, Azuaje Hernandez Carlos, Rask-Andersen Mathias, Johansson Åsa
http://ift.tt/2hpa9ck
Influenza-derived peptides cross-react with allergens and provide asthma protection
Source:Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Chrysanthi Skevaki, Christoph Hudemann, Mikhail Matrosovich, Christian Möbs, Sinu Paul, Andreas Wachtendorf, Bilal Alashkar Alhamwe, Daniel P. Potaczek, Stefanie Hagner, Diethard Gemsa, Holger Garn, Alessandro Sette, Harald Renz
BackgroundThe hygiene hypothesis is the leading concept to explain the current asthma epidemic, which is built on the observation that a lack of bacterial contact early in life induces allergic Th2 immune responses.ObjectiveSince little is known about the contribution of respiratory viruses in this context, we evaluated the effect of prior influenza-infection on the development of allergic asthma.MethodsMice were infected with influenza and once recovered, subjected to an ovalbumin or house dust mite-induced experimental asthma protocol. Influenza-polarized T effector memory cells (Tem) were adoptively transferred to allergen sensitized animals prior to allergen challenge. A comprehensive in silico analysis assessed homologies between virus- and allergen- derived proteins. Influenza-polarized Tem cells were stimulated ex vivo with candidate peptides. Mice were immunized with a pool of virus-derived T-cell epitopes.ResultsWe found in two murine models a long-lasting preventive effect against experimental asthma features. Protection could be attributed about equally to CD4+ and CD8+ T-effector memory (Tem) cells from influenza-infected mice. An in silico bioinformatic analysis identified four influenza and three allergen-derived MHC-class I and –class II candidate T-cell epitopes with potential antigen-specific cross-reactivity between influenza and allergens. Lymphocytes from influenza-infected mice produced IFNγ and IL-2 but not IL-5 upon stimulation with the aforementioned peptides. Immunization with a mixture of the influenza-peptides conferred asthma protection, and peptide immunized mice transferred protection via CD4+ and CD8+ Tem cells.ConclusionOur results illustrate for the first time heterologous immunity of virus-infected animals towards allergens. This finding extends the original hygiene hypothesis.
http://ift.tt/2jiaQom
Pathomechanisms of Contact Sensitization
Abstract
Contact sensitization is the initial process involved in the development of an allergic reaction to xenobiotic environmental substances. Here, we briefly describe the differences between irritant and allergic contact dermatitis. Then, we highlight the essential steps involved in the development of an ACD reaction, i.e., the protein binding of haptens, genetic factors influencing the penetration of sensitizers into the skin, the different mechanisms driving the initial development of an inflammatory cytokine micromilieu enabling the full maturation of dendritic cells, the role of pre- and pro-haptens, antigen presentation and T cell activation via MHC and CD1 molecules, dendritic cell (DC) migration, and potential LC contribution as well as the different T cell subsets involved in ACD. In addition, we discuss the latest publications regarding factors that might influence the sensitizing potential such as repeated sensitizer application, penetration enhancers, humidity of the skin, microbiota, Tregs, and phthalates. Last but not least, we briefly touch upon novel targets for drug development that might serve as treatment options for ACD.
http://ift.tt/2Az506a
Study of Demographic Profile of Organophosphate Compound Poisoning with Special Reference to Early Versus Late Tracheostomy in Tertiary Care Hospital in Rural Area
Abstract
Tracheostomy is commonly performed life saving procedure. Organophosphorus compound poisoning is a very common emergency encountered in rural area where major population consists of agricultural workers. Ideal timing of tracheostomy is still controversial. Aim of the study is to assess the advantage of performing early (48 h–7 days) versus late tracheostomy (8–15 days) with regard to weaning from a ventilator, complications and length of hospital stay. This is a comparative retrospective interventional study in which 100 patients of organophosphorus poisoning who underwent tracheostomy during hospital stay due to prolonged intubation were analyzed. Study subjects were divided into two groups. Each group constitute of 50 patients each. Group A: Early tracheostomy (48 h–7 days) and Group B: Late tracheostomy (8–15 days). Early tracheostomy required a shorter duration of mechanical ventilator support (4–5 days) when compared to late tracheostomy (5–8 days), p < 0.05 and early tracheostomy facilitate early weaning. There was high incidence of complications in late tracheostomy group as compare to early tracheostomy group. Duration of hospital stay was also longer in Group B (mean 40 days) as compare to Group A (mean 32 days) with p < 0.05. We concluded that, early tracheostomy was associated with shorter duration of mechanical ventilator support, it helps for early weaning, shorted intensive care unit and hospital stay as compare to late tracheostomy.
http://ift.tt/2mgBEGu
Study of Demographic Profile of Organophosphate Compound Poisoning with Special Reference to Early Versus Late Tracheostomy in Tertiary Care Hospital in Rural Area
Abstract
Tracheostomy is commonly performed life saving procedure. Organophosphorus compound poisoning is a very common emergency encountered in rural area where major population consists of agricultural workers. Ideal timing of tracheostomy is still controversial. Aim of the study is to assess the advantage of performing early (48 h–7 days) versus late tracheostomy (8–15 days) with regard to weaning from a ventilator, complications and length of hospital stay. This is a comparative retrospective interventional study in which 100 patients of organophosphorus poisoning who underwent tracheostomy during hospital stay due to prolonged intubation were analyzed. Study subjects were divided into two groups. Each group constitute of 50 patients each. Group A: Early tracheostomy (48 h–7 days) and Group B: Late tracheostomy (8–15 days). Early tracheostomy required a shorter duration of mechanical ventilator support (4–5 days) when compared to late tracheostomy (5–8 days), p < 0.05 and early tracheostomy facilitate early weaning. There was high incidence of complications in late tracheostomy group as compare to early tracheostomy group. Duration of hospital stay was also longer in Group B (mean 40 days) as compare to Group A (mean 32 days) with p < 0.05. We concluded that, early tracheostomy was associated with shorter duration of mechanical ventilator support, it helps for early weaning, shorted intensive care unit and hospital stay as compare to late tracheostomy.
http://ift.tt/2mgBEGu
Total Athlete Management (TAM) and Performance diagnosis
Nosaka, K; Cardinale, M; (2011) Total Athlete Management (TAM) and Performance diagnosis. In: Cardinale, M and Newton, R and Nosaka, K, (eds.) Strength and Conditioning Biological Principles and Practical Applications. (pp. 335-342). John Wiley & Sons
http://ift.tt/2yPlry5
Principles of Athletes Testing
Newton, R; Cormie, P; Cardinale, M; (2011) Principles of Athletes Testing. In: Cardinale, M and Newton, R and Nosaka, K, (eds.) Strength and Conditioning Biological Principles and Practical Applications. (pp. 255-267). John Wiley & Sons
http://ift.tt/2mf5CuG
Alternative Modalities of Strength and Conditioning: Electrical Stimulation and Vibration
Maffiuletti, N; Cardinale, M; (2011) Alternative Modalities of Strength and Conditioning: Electrical Stimulation and Vibration. In: Cardinale, M and Newton, R and Nosaka, K, (eds.) Strength and Conditioning Biological Principles and Practical Applications. (pp. 193-203). John Wiley & Sons
http://ift.tt/2yRWO3E
Allan Kaprow, 18 Happenings in 6 Parts (1959) reinvented in 2010 by Rosemary Butcher
Butcher, R; Butcher, M; Bronstein, P; Burdis, E; (2010) Allan Kaprow, 18 Happenings in 6 Parts (1959) reinvented in 2010 by Rosemary Butcher. In: Rosenthal, S, (ed.) Move Choreographing You, Art and Dance since the 1960s. (pp. 40-43). Hayward Publishing: London.
http://ift.tt/2mf5taC
Dividing England
Davidson, P; (2007) Dividing England. In: Blackson, R, (ed.) North and South (Exhibition Catalogue). (pp. 14-25). Reg Vardy Gallery: University of Sunderland, UK.
http://ift.tt/2yR1VRQ
Post Works: Stage City/Lapped Translated Lines
Butcher, M; Appleton, M; (2012) Post Works: Stage City/Lapped Translated Lines. In: Bailey, K and Crawley, G, (eds.) Gormley To Gaga, Transformation and Revelation. (pp. 26-27). V&A Publishing: London.
http://ift.tt/2mf5hIq
Evaluating Pluralism: Interest Group Policy Demands and Lobbying Success in the European Commission's Open Consultations: A Case Study in Environmental Policy.
Bunea, A; (2015) Evaluating Pluralism: Interest Group Policy Demands and Lobbying Success in the European Commission's Open Consultations: A Case Study in Environmental Policy. In: Sotton, PA and Nixon, PG, (eds.) Interest Groups in the European Union: Changing Times, Changing Minds. Ashgate: Farnham Surrey, United Kingdom.
http://ift.tt/2yR1VkO
Analyzing Radicalization and Terrorism: A Situational Action Theory
Wikstrom, P-OW; Bouhana, N; (2016) Analyzing Radicalization and Terrorism: A Situational Action Theory. In: LaFree, G and Freilich, JD, (eds.) The Handbook of the Criminology of Terrorism. (pp. 175-186). Wiley & Sons: Chichester.
http://ift.tt/2me4NT3
Characterizing metabolic states using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) of NAD(P)H
Blacker, TS; Duchen, MR; (2017) Characterizing metabolic states using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) of NAD(P)H. In: Neuromethods. (pp. 133-150).
http://ift.tt/2yPlppX
'Was it a Vision, or a Waking Dream?' Exploring the Oneiric World of a Seventeenth-Century Jesuit Visionary in Portuguese India
Biedermann, Z; (2017) 'Was it a Vision, or a Waking Dream?' Exploring the Oneiric World of a Seventeenth-Century Jesuit Visionary in Portuguese India. In: Hart, S and Biedermann, Z, (eds.) From the Uncanny to the Supernatural. (pp. 43-70). Cambridge Scholars: Newcastle.
http://ift.tt/2mfMigL
Ensemble learning in Bayesian neural networks
Barber, D; Bishop, C; (1998) Ensemble learning in Bayesian neural networks. In: Bishop, C, (ed.) Neural Networks and Machine Learning. (pp. 215-237). Springer
http://ift.tt/2yRHB2M
Creatively responding to the imperative of scaling up Every Child a Reader
Amott, P; Hindmarsh, V; Morris, H; (2013) Creatively responding to the imperative of scaling up Every Child a Reader. In: Burroughs-Lange, S and Ince, A, (eds.) Reading recovery and Every Child a Reader. (pp. 109-152). IOE Press: London.
http://ift.tt/2me4LdT
The design and enactment of argumentation activities
Simon, S; Richardson, K; Amos, R; (2011) The design and enactment of argumentation activities. In: Perspectives on Scientific Argumentation Theory, Practice and Research. (pp. 97-115). Springer Science & Business Media: Dortrecht, The Netherlands.
http://ift.tt/2ySK2Sz
Decision-making and use of evidence in a socio-scientific problem on air quality
Simon, S; Amos, R; (2011) Decision-making and use of evidence in a socio-scientific problem on air quality. In: Sadler, T, (ed.) Socio-scientific Issues in the Classroom Teaching, Learning and Research. (pp. 167-192). Springer Science & Business Media: Dortrecht, The Netherlands.
http://ift.tt/2jhYmwY
Beyond the classroom
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Using technologies to support learning science
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One-Dimensional Nanosystems
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Design brief management
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Workplace trends around the world
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Flexible working and workspace: What is the difference between flexible work and flexible workspace?
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