Neck metastasis is the most important prognostic factor in oral cavity squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). Apart from the T- stage, depth of invasion has been used as a highly predictable factor for microscopic ne...
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Medicine by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos,Crete 72100,Greece,tel :00302841026182 & 00306932607174
Πέμπτη 24 Νοεμβρίου 2016
Correlation between clinical and MRI assessment of depth of invasion in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma
True abscess formation is rare in bacterial orbital cellulitis; consequences for treatment
Source:American Journal of Otolaryngology
Author(s): Eline G. Van der Veer, Nicolien A. van der Poel, Maartje M.L. de Win, Roel J. Kloos, Peerooz Saeed, Maarten P. Mourits
BackgroundPre- or retroseptal bacterial orbital cellulitis (pOC/rOC) is not an uncommon orbital disease. Treatment consists of antibiotics with or without surgical drainage. Several questions regarding course, complications and outcome of treatment are unanswered and the indication for surgery is not well defined. The aim of this study is to: 1. describe the outcome of orbital cellulitis (OC) in a large cohort, 2. assess the significance of Chandler's classification, 3. assess the incidence of abscess formation in OC, and 4. redefine criteria for surgery.MethodsRetrospective case series of patients with OC seen between 1-1-2007 and 1-1-2014 in a tertiary referral center.ResultsSixty-eight patients presented with (presumed) bacterial pOC. Two out of these 68 developed rOC. All 68 patients had a full recovery. Forty-eight patients presented with rOC. Four out of 48 (8%) had intracranial extension of the infection at the time of admission. No admitted patient developed distant seeding. Only four (8%) patients with rOC had a true orbital abscess. In the other 92% we found a diffuse orbital inflammation or a subperiosteal empyema. Forty-four (92%) patients with rOC had a full recovery.Conclusions1. The prognosis of both pOC and rOC nowadays is generally favorable. 2. Chandler's classification is of little use. 3. True abscess formation in OC is rare. 4. The indication for surgical intervention must be based on the clinical presentation and the assessment of true orbital abscess formation.
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Corrigendum to “Methylene blue staining in the parotid surgery: Randomized trial, 144 patients” [Am J Otolaryngol 37 (2016) 22–26]
Source:American Journal of Otolaryngology
Author(s): Michael Vaiman, Basel Jabarin, Rani Abuita
http://ift.tt/2gkToc3
Omalizumab for chronic urticaria in Latin America
Chronic urticaria (CU) is defined as the spontaneous appearance of wheals, with or without angioedema, persisting for ≥6 weeks. Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria (CSU) is a type of CU which affects 0.5–1 % of the ...
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The role of ficolin-like protein (PcFLP1) in the antibacterial immunity of red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii)
Source:Molecular Immunology, Volume 81
Author(s): Yun-Jia Dai, Yu-Qing Wang, Ying-Hao Zhang, Yan Liu, Jin-quan Li, Shun Wei, Li-Juan Zhao, Yong-can Zhou, Li Lin, Jiang-Feng Lan
In invertebrates, ficolin-like proteins (FLPs) play important roles in innate immunity against pathogens. Previous studies primarily investigated the functions of FLPs in immune recognition, activation, and regulation. However, limited research has examined the functions of FLPs as immune effectors. In this work, a ficolin-like protein was identified in red swam crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) and designated as PcFLP1. Quantitative RT-PCR and western blot were employed to analyze the distribution and expression profiles of PcFLP1 in the tissues of the crayfish. The results indicated that PcFLP1 was present in all tested tissues, including hemocytes, heart, hepatopancreas, gill, stomach, and mid-intestine. The expression level of PcFLP1 was up-regulated in hemocytes, hepatopancreas and mid-intestines of the crayfish challenged with Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Further study demonstrated that PcFLP1 could protect the hepatopancreatic cells of crayfish from V. parahaemolyticus infection. The recombinant PcFLP1 enhanced bacterial elimination in crayfish, whereas the antibacterial action was inhibited after PcFLP1 was knocked down. Furthermore, PcFLP1 could bound to bacteria and inhibited bacterial replication. These results demonstrated that PcFLP1 plays an important role in the anti-Vibrio immunity of red swamp crayfish.
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Characterization of peritoneal leukemia-associated macrophages in Notch1-induced mouse T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Source:Molecular Immunology, Volume 81
Author(s): Shayan Chen, Xiao Yang, Wenli Feng, Feifei Yang, Rong Wang, Chong Chen, Lina Wang, Yongmin Lin, Qian Ren, Guoguang Zheng
Macrophages, which have remarkable plasticity, are indispensable cellular components and play essential roles in both innate and adaptive immune responses. Peritoneal macrophages show unique gene expression profile and peritoneal cavity is also involved in leukemia. However, the characteristics of peritoneal leukemia-associated macrophages (Per LAMs) have not been established. Here we studied the phenotype of Per LAMs, their subpopulations in Notch1-induced acute lymphoblastic leukemia mice and compared with LAMs from BM or spleen in the same model. Peritoneal macrophages and Per LAMs simultaneously expressed high level iNOS and Arg1, which was not commonly observed in macrophages from different origins. Furthermore, LAMs from peritoneal, BM and spleen expressed lower level CSF-1, TGF-β1 and VEGF-A than tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Moreover, diverse responses in the expression of some phenotype-associated genes to leukemia microenvironments were detected among those LAMs. In addition, Per LAMs can be sub-divided into CD206+ and CD206− sub-populations, which expressed both M1- and M2-associated genes. These results revealed the unique phenotype of Per macrophages and Per LAMs and contributed to better understanding of macrophage plasticity and their pathological roles in leukemia.
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Treponema pallidum flagellin FlaA2 induces IL-6 secretion in THP-1 cells via the Toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway
Source:Molecular Immunology, Volume 81
Author(s): Yafeng Xie, Man Xu, Yongjian Xiao, Zhuoran Liu, Chuanhao Jiang, Xingxing Kuang, Chuan Wang, Haiying Wu, Jing Peng, Chun Li, Yu Wang, Huaming Liu, Bin Liu, Xiaotuan Zhang, Feijun Zhao, Tiebing Zeng, Shuangquan Liu, Yimou Wu
Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum membrane proteins are considered as potent inducers in the initiation and development of inflammation. In the present study, the mechanism that leads to the production of interleukin 6 (IL-6), one of the key proinflammatory cytokines, by human monocytic THP-1 cells when these cells are treated with T. pallidum flagellin FlaA2 was investigated. Stimulation with flagellin FlaA2 can induce IL-6 expression in human monocytes and augment the phosphorylation of ERK, p38, and NF-κB, but has no effect on the phosphorylation of JNK. Likewise, FlaA2-induced IL-6 production was found to be attenuated by inhibitors for ERK, p38, and NF-κB, but not by JNK inhibitor. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that flagellin FlaA2 could stimulate the translocation of IκBα from the cytosol to the nucleus, and this phenomenon could be inhibited by the specific inhibitor BAY11-7082. FlaA2–induced IL-6 expression was also proved to be abrogated by transfection with dominant negative (DN) plasmid of MyD88. We further demonstrated that transfection with DN-TLR2 was sufficient to attenuate IL-6 expression and the phosphorylation of ERK, p38, and IκBα. These results suggest that flagellin FlaA2 induces IL-6 production via signaling pathways involving TLR2, MyD88, ERK, p38, and NF-κB in monocytes, which could contribute to the pathogenesis of T. pallidum.
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Long term reduction in food allergy susceptibility in mice by combining breastfeeding-induced tolerance and TGF-β enriched formula after weaning
Abstract
Background
Oral tolerance induction in early life is a promising approach for food allergy prevention. Its success requires the identification of factors necessary for its persistence.
Objectives
We aimed to assess in mice duration of allergy prevention by breastfeeding-induced oral tolerance and whether oral TGF-β supplementation after weaning would prolong it.
Methods
We quantified ovalbumin (OVA) and OVA specific immunoglobulins levels by ELISA in milk from the EDEN birth cohort. Since OVA specific Ig were found in all samples, we assessed whether OVA-immunized mice exposed to OVA during lactation could prevent allergic diarrhea in their 6 and 13-week-old progeny. In some experiments, a TGF-β enriched formula was given after weaning.
Results
At 6 weeks, only 13% and 34% of mice breastfed by OVA-exposed mothers exhibited diarrhea after 6 and 7 OVA challenges versus 44% and 72% in mice breastfed by naïve mothers (p=0.02 and 0.01). Protection was associated with decreased levels of MMCP1 and OVA specific IgE (p<0.0001). At 13 weeks, although OVA specific IgE remained low (p=0.001), diarrhea occurrence increased to 32% and 46% after 6 and 7 OVA challenges in mice breastfed by OVA-exposed mothers. MMCP1 levels were not significantly inhibited. Supplementation with TGF-β after weaning induced a strong protection in 13-week-old mice breastfed by OVA-exposed mothers compared to mice breastfed by naive mothers (0%, 13% and 32% of diarrhea at the 5th, 6th and 7th challenges versus 17, 42 and 78%; p=0.05, 0.0043 and 0.0017). MMCP1 levels decreased by half compared to control mice (p=0.02). Prolonged protection was only observed in mice rendered tolerant by breastfeeding and was associated with an improved gut barrier.
Conclusions
In mice, prevention of food allergy by breastfeeding-induced tolerance is of limited duration. Nutritional intervention by TGF-β supplementation after weaning could prolong beneficial effects of breast milk on food allergy prevention.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Genome-wide association study of peanut allergy reproduces association with amino acid polymorphisms in HLA-DRB1
Abstract
Background
Genetic variants for IgE-mediated peanut allergy are yet to be fully characterized and to date only one genome-wide association study (GWAS) has been published.
Objective
To identify genetic variants associated with challenge proven peanut allergy.
Methods
We carried out a GWAS comparing 73 infants with challenge-proven IgE-mediated peanut allergy against 148 non-allergic infants (all ~ 1 year old). We tested a total of 3.8 million single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs), as well as imputed HLA alleles and amino acids. Replication was assessed by de novo genotyping in a panel of additional 117 cases and 380 controls, and in silico testing in two independent GWAS cohorts.
Results
We identified 21 independent associations at P ≤ 5x10-5 but were unable to replicate these. The most significant HLA association was the previously reported amino acid variant located at position 71, within the peptide-binding groove of HLA-DRB1 (P = 2x10-4). Our study therefore reproduced previous findings for the association between peanut allergy and HLA-DRB1 in this Australian population.
Conclusions & Clinical Relevance
Genetic determinants for challenge proven peanut allergy include alleles at the HLA-DRB1 locus.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Individually dosed omalizumab: an effective treatment for severe peanut allergy
Abstract
Background
Treatment with omalizumab has shown a positive effect on food allergies, but no dosages are established. Basophil allergen threshold sensitivity (CD-sens) can be used to objectively measure omalizumab treatment efficacy and correlates with the outcome of Double Blind Placebo Controlled Food Challenge to peanut.
Objective
To evaluate if individualized omalizumab treatment monitored by CD-sens could be an effective intervention for suppression of allergic reactions to peanut.
Methods
Severely peanut allergic adolescents (n=23) were treated with omalizumab for 8 weeks and CD-sens was analysed before and after. Based on whether CD-sens was suppressed after 8 weeks, the patients either were subject to a peanut challenge or received 8 more weeks with increased dose of omalizumab, followed by peanut challenge or another 8-week cycle of omalizumab. IgE and IgE-antibodies to peanut and its components were analysed before treatment.
Results
After individualized omalizumab-treatment (8-24 weeks) all patients continued with an open peanut challenge with no (n=18) or mild (n=5) objective allergic symptoms. Patients (n=15) needing an elevated omalizumab-dose (ED) to supress CD-sens, had significantly higher CD-sens values at baseline 1.49 (0.44-20.5) compared to those (n=8) who managed with normal dose (ND) 0.32 (0.24-5.5) (p<0.01). Median ratios for Ara h 2 IgE-ab/IgE were significantly higher in the ED group (17%) compared to the ND group (11%).
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance
Individually dosed omalizumab, monitored by CD-sens, is an effective and safe treatment for severe peanut allergy. The ratio of IgE-ab to storage protein Ara h 2/IgE as well as CD-sens to peanut may predict the need of a higher omalizumab dose. Clinical trials numbers: EudraCT; 2012-005625-78, ClinicalTrials. gov; NCT02402231
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Diagnosing occupational asthma
Summary
Making an accurate diagnosis of occupational asthma (OA) is, generally, important. The condition has not only significant health consequences for affected workers, but also substantial socio-economic impacts for workers, their employers and wider society. Missing a diagnosis of OA may lead to continued exposure to a causative agent and progressive worsening of disease; conversely, diagnosing OA when it is not present may lead to inappropriate removal from exposure and unnecessary financial and social consequences. While the most accurate investigation is specific inhalation challenge in an experienced centre, this is a scarce resource and in many cases reliance is on other tests. This review provides a technical dossier of the diagnostic value of the available methods which include an appropriate clinical history, the use of specific immunology and measurement of inflammatory markers, and various methods of relating functional changes in airway calibre to periods at work. It is recommended that these approaches are used iteratively and in judicious combination, in cognisance of the individual patient's circumstances and requirements. Based on available evidence, a working diagnostic algorithm is proposed that can be adapted to the suspected agent, purpose of diagnosis, and available resources. For better or worse, many of the techniques – and their interpretation – are available only in specialised centres and where there is room for doubt, referral to such a centre is probably wise. Accordingly, the implementation or development of such specialised centres with appropriate equipment and expertise should greatly improve the diagnostic evaluation of work-related asthma.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Neutrophil autophagy and extracellular DNA traps contribute to airway inflammation in severe asthma
Abstract
Background
Autophagy and neutrophil extracellular DNA traps (NETs) are implicated in asthma; however, their roles in asthma pathogenesis have not been elucidated.
Objectives
We compared autophagy and NET production levels from peripheral blood neutrophils (PBNs) of patients with severe asthma (SA) and non-severe asthma (NSA). Additionally, we investigated the inflammatory effects of NETs on human airway epithelial cells (AECs) and peripheral blood eosinophils (PBEs).
Methods
PBNs from patients with SA (n=30) and NSA (n=38) were treated with interleukin (IL)-8 (100 ng/ml). Autophagy (light chain 3-II expression) and NET production levels were evaluated by western blot, immunofluorescence microscopy, and PicoGreen assay. The effects of NETs on AECs were assessed by investigating cell death, cell detachment, expression of occludin and claudin-1, and IL-8 production; the effects of NETs on PBEs were examined by investigating the activation and release of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN).
Results
Untreated and IL-8-treated PBNs from the SA group produced higher autophagy and NET levels compared with those from the NSA group (P<0.01). IL-8 increased autophagy and NET levels in PBNs from the SA group but not from the NSA group. NET levels were correlated with autophagy levels in PBNs (P<0.001). IL-8-induced NET production levels negatively were correlated with FEV1/FVC (r = 0.700, P = 0.016). NETs induced cell death, detachment, degradation of occludin and claudin-1, and IL-8 production from AECs. Higher levels of NET-induced ECP and EDN were released from PBEs in SA compared with NSA groups.
Conclusions & Clinical Relevance
Neutrophil autophagy and NETs could enhance asthma severity by damaging airway epithelium and triggering inflammatory responses of AECs and PBEs. Modulating neutrophil autophagy and NET production may be a new target therapy for SA.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Cosmetics Use-Related Adverse Events and Determinants Among Jigjiga Town Residents, Eastern Ethiopia
Abstract
Introduction
Non-medicated cosmetics use is very common among the Ethiopian population. However, little is known about these products' related adverse events. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and determinants of cosmetics-related adverse events among Jigjiga Town residents, Eastern Ethiopia.
Methods
A community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted in May and June 2014. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect cosmetics use pattern and related adverse events. For assessing determinants, logistic regression was used and statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results
Overall, 600 participants were approached with a 93% response rate. Ninety-three percent (n = 521) of them reported the use of cosmetics at least once within 2 weeks prior to this study, and of these, 229 (44%) used traditional herbal cosmetics along with modern cosmetics. A total of 342 (61%) reported experiencing adverse events of which the most common reported were: allergic reactions, 149 (36%); the appearance of acne, 66 (16%); and hirsutism, 52 (12.5%). The occurrence of cosmetics-related adverse events were significantly associated with the number of cosmetics used per day, the frequency of use, mixing of different types of cosmetics together, and mixing of cosmetics with water or saliva.
Conclusion
A higher proportion of cosmetic users reported experiencing at least one adverse event. The number of cosmetic products and frequency of use were important predictors for experiencing adverse events. This implies the need to consider safety concerns related to cosmetic use. Approaches to address such issues may include awareness creation programs and promoting the concept of cosmetovigilance among cosmetic sellers, users, and other stakeholders.
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Mental health nurses' attitudes and perceived self-efficacy toward inpatient aggression: a cross-sectional study of associations with nurse-related characteristics
PURPOSE: To explore mental health nurses' attitude and self-efficacy to adult inpatient aggression, and to explore the association with nurse-related characteristics. DESIGN AND METHOD: Cross-sectional study in a sample of 219 mental health nurses in nine psychiatric hospitals, with stepwise linear regression analysis to detect predictive models. FINDINGS: Female and less experienced nurses were less likely to blame patients for their behavior. Gender, burnout, secondary traumatic stress, and compassion satisfaction accounted for 26.2% of the variability in mental health nurses' self-efficacy toward aggression. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS:There needs to be attention to professional quality of life for mental health nurses, to provide them with of self-efficacy and a positive attitude toward coping with aggression.
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Imaging of the spleen: what the clinician needs to know
The spleen is considered 'the forgotten organ' among radiologists and clinicians, although it is well visualised on abdominal computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Moreover, the spleen is commonly involved in a wide range of pathologic disorders. These include congenital anomalies, infectious and inflammatory diseases, vascular disorders, benign and malignant tumours, and systemic disorders. In this review, we focus on the key imaging findings of the normal spleen, its variants, as well as relevant congenital and acquired abnormalities. It is of utmost importance to recognise and correctly interpret the variable spectrum of abnormalities that may involve the spleen, in order to avoid unnecessary invasive procedures and to guide adequate treatment.
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Direct comparison of conventional radiography and cone-beam CT in small bone and joint trauma
OBJECTIVE: To compare the diagnostic value of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and conventional radiography (CR) after acute small bone or joint trauma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between March 2013 and January 2014, 231 patients with recent small bone or joint trauma underwent CR and subsequent CBCT. CR and CBCT examinations were independently assessed by two readers, blinded to the result of the other modality. The total number of fractures as well as the number of complex fractures were compared, and inter- and intraobserver agreement for CBCT was calculated. In addition, radiation doses and evaluation times for both modalities were noted and statistically compared. RESULTS: Fracture detection on CBCT increased by 35 % and 37 % for reader 1 and reader 2, respectively, and identification of complex fractures increased by 236 % and 185 %. Interobserver agreement for CBCT was almost perfect, as was intraobserver agreement for reader 1. The intraobserver agreement for reader 2 was substantial. Radiation doses and evaluation time were significantly higher for CBCT. CONCLUSION: CBCT detects significantly more small bone and joint fractures, in particular complex fractures, than CR. In the majority of cases, the clinical implication of the additionally detected fractures is limited, but in some patients (e.g., fracture-dislocations), the management is significantly influenced by these findings. As the radiation dose for CBCT substantially exceeds that of CR, we suggest adhering to CR as the first-line examination after small bone and joint trauma and keeping CBCT for patients with clinical-radiographic discordance or suspected complex fractures in need of further (preoperative) assessment.
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Provider accountability as a driving force towards physician-hospital integration: a systematic review
Background: Hospitals and physicians lie at the heart of our health care delivery system. In general, physicians provide medical care and hospitals the resources to deliver health care. In the past two decades many countries have adopted reforms in which provider financial risk bearing is increased. By making providers financially accountable for the delivered care integrated care delivery is stimulated. Purpose: To assess the evidence base supporting the relationship between provider financial risk bearing and physician-hospital integration and to identify the different types of methods used to measure physician-hospital integration to evaluate the functional value of these integrative models. Results: Nine studies met the inclusion criteria. The evidence base is mixed and inconclusive. Our methodological analysis of previous research shows that previous studies have largely focused on the formal structures of physician-hospital arrangements as an indicator of physician-hospital integration. Conclusion: The link between provider financial risk bearing and physician-hospital integration can at this time be supported merely on the basis of theoretical insights of agency theory rather than empirical research. Physician-hospital integration measurement has concentrated on the prevalence of contracting vehicles that enables joint bargaining in a managed care environment but without realizing integration and cooperation between hospital and physicians. Therefore, we argue that these studies fail to shed light on the impact of risk shifting on the hospital-physician relationship accurately.
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The impact of professional and organizational identification on the relationship between hospital-physician exchange and customer-oriented behaviour of physicians
Background: Hospitals face increasingly competitive market conditions. In this challenging environment, hospitals have been struggling to build high-quality hospital–physician relationships. In the literature, two types of managerial strategies for optimizing relationships have been identified. The first focuses on optimizing the economic relationship; the second focuses on the noneconomic dimension and emphasizes the cooperative structure and collaborative nature of the hospital–physician relationship. We investigate potential spillover effects between the perceptions of physicians of organizational exchange and their customer-oriented behaviors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 130 self-employed physicians practicing at six Belgian hospitals. Economic exchange was measured using the concept of distributive justice (DJ); noneconomic exchange was measured by the concept of perceived organizational support (POS). Our outcomes consist of three types of customer-oriented behaviours: internal influence (II), external representation (ER), and service delivery (SD). Results: Our results show a positive relationship between DJ and II (adjusted R2 = 0.038, t = 2.35; p = 0.028) and ER (adjusted R2 = 0.15, t = 4.59; p < 0.001) and a positive relationship between POS and II (adjusted R2 = 0.032, t = 2.26; p = 0.026) and ER (adjusted R2 = 0.22, t = 5.81; p < 0.001). No relationship was present between DJ (p = 0.54) or POS (p = 0.57) and SD. Organizational identification positively moderates the relationship between POS and ER (p = 0.045) and between DJ and ER (p = 0.056). The relationships between POS and II (p = 0.54) and between DJ and II (p = 0.99) were not moderated by OI. Professional identification did not moderate the studied relationships. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that both perceptions of economic and noneconomic exchange are important to self-employed physicians' customer-oriented behaviours. Fostering organizational identification could enhance this reciprocity dynamic.
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The Euphrates-Tigris-Karun river system: Provenance, recycling and dispersal of quartz-poor foreland-basin sediments in arid climate
Garzanti, E; Al-Juboury, AI; Zoleikhaei, Y; Vermeesch, P; Jotheri, J; Akkoca, DB; Obaid, AK; Garzanti, E; Al-Juboury, AI; Zoleikhaei, Y; Vermeesch, P; Jotheri, J; Akkoca, DB; Obaid, AK; Allen, MB; Andó, S; Limonta, M; Padoan, M; Resentini, A; Rittner, M; Vezzoli, G; - view fewer (2016) The Euphrates-Tigris-Karun river system: Provenance, recycling and dispersal of quartz-poor foreland-basin sediments in arid climate. Earth-Science Reviews , 162 pp. 107-128. 10.1016/j.earscirev.2016.09.009 .
http://ift.tt/2gl6KZH
RAID: A relation-augmented image descriptor
Guerrero, P; Mitra, NJ; Wonka, P; (2016) RAID: A relation-augmented image descriptor. ACM Transactions on Graphics , 35 (4) , Article 46. 10.1145/2897824.2925939 . Green open access
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Autonomy and Family Justice
Diduck, AL; (2016) Autonomy and Family Justice. Child and Family Law Quarterly , 28 (2) , Article 133.
http://ift.tt/2gl1uVG
Modelling and projecting the response of local assemblage composition to land use change across Colombia
Echeverría-Londoño, S; Newbold, T; Hudson, LN; Contu, S; Hill, SLL; Lysenko, I; Arbeláez-Cortés, E; Echeverría-Londoño, S; Newbold, T; Hudson, LN; Contu, S; Hill, SLL; Lysenko, I; Arbeláez-Cortés, E; Armbrecht, I; Boekhout, T; Cabra-García, J; Dominguez-Haydar, Y; Nates-Parra, G; Gutiérrez-Lamus, DL; Higuera, D; Isaacs-Cubides, PJ; López-Quintero, CA; Martinez, E; Miranda-Esquivel, DR; Navarro-Iriarte, LE; Noriega, JA; Otavo, SE; Parra-H, A; Poveda, K; Ramirez-Pinilla, MP; Rey-Velasco, JC; Rosselli, L; Smith-Pardo, AH; Urbina-Cardona, JN; Purvis, A; Visconti, P; - view fewer (2016) Modelling and projecting the response of local assemblage composition to land use change across Colombia. Diversity and Distributions , 22 (11) pp. 1099-1111. 10.1111/ddi.12478 .
http://ift.tt/2fstyCh
Aligning systemic infrastructure decisions with social outcomes
Cosgrave, EJ; Dolan, T; (2016) Aligning systemic infrastructure decisions with social outcomes. Proceedings of the ICE - Civil Engineering , 169 (4) p. 147. 10.1680/jcien.2016.169.4.147 .
http://ift.tt/2gl6HwZ
Does parking provision affect the vitality of high streets in London?
Zhao, PM; Jones, P; (2015) Does parking provision affect the vitality of high streets in London? In: Proceedings of the 13th Annual Transport Practitioners' Meeting. PTRC Education and Research Services Limited: London, UK. Green open access
http://ift.tt/2fsnIAy
What are the effects of a 'shared space' scheme on different users?
Horrell, T; Jones, P; (2015) What are the effects of a 'shared space' scheme on different users? In: Proceedings of the 13th Annual Transport Practitioners' Meeting. PTRC Education and Research Services Limited: London, UK. Green open access
http://ift.tt/2gl8IZL
The Awesome and Capricious Language of Past, Present and Future Digital Moods
Colletti, M; (2016) The Awesome and Capricious Language of Past, Present and Future Digital Moods. Architectural Design , 86 (6) pp. 118-125. 10.1002/ad.2120 .
http://ift.tt/2fsn5Y5
Cognitive Performance and Dementia Ascertainment: Plans for the new Dementia Substudy using the HRS Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol (HCAP) in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing
Cadar, D; Llewelyn,, D; Batty,, GD; Steptoe,, A; (2016) Cognitive Performance and Dementia Ascertainment: Plans for the new Dementia Substudy using the HRS Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol (HCAP) in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. In: (Proceedings) British and Irish Longitudinal Studies of Ageing (BILS) Annual Conference.
http://ift.tt/2gl8nGE
The diagnosis and differential diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: progress and challenges
Brownlee, W; Hardy, TA; Fazekas, F; Miller, DH; (2016) The diagnosis and differential diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: progress and challenges. The Lancet (In press).
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Unpacking Differential Empowerment: Civil Society Mobilisation in the EU Accession Process
Wunsch, NL; (2016) Unpacking Differential Empowerment: Civil Society Mobilisation in the EU Accession Process. Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).
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Clinicogenetic and functional studies in rare hereditary neurodegenerative movement disorders
Wiethoff, S; (2016) Clinicogenetic and functional studies in rare hereditary neurodegenerative movement disorders. Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).
http://ift.tt/2fsrrOA
Classifying in primary school: is it excluded? The case of the platypus
Brugueire, C; Tunnicliffe, SD; Charles, F; (2015) Classifying in primary school: is it excluded? The case of the platypus. In: Kariotoglu, P and Russell, T, (eds.) Science Education Research: Engaging Learners for a Sustainable Future (Proceedings of ESERA 2015): Part 16, Strand 16: Science in the Primary School. (pp. pp. 2709-2715). European Science Education Research Association (ESERA): Helsinki, Finland. Gold open access
http://ift.tt/2gl6BW9
Plasmonic Nanoprobes for Stimulated Emission Depletion Nanoscopy
Cortés, E; Huidobro, PA; Sinclair, HG; Guldbrand, S; Peveler, WJ; Davies, T; Parrinello, S; Cortés, E; Huidobro, PA; Sinclair, HG; Guldbrand, S; Peveler, WJ; Davies, T; Parrinello, S; Görlitz, F; Dunsby, C; Neil, MA; Sivan, Y; Parkin, IP; French, PM; Maier, SA; - view fewer (2016) Plasmonic Nanoprobes for Stimulated Emission Depletion Nanoscopy. ACS Nano , 10 (11) pp. 10454-10461. 10.1021/acsnano.6b06361 .
http://ift.tt/2fsuG8J
Developing an online cooperative police patrol routing strategy
Wise, SC; Chen, H; Cheng, T; (2017) Developing an online cooperative police patrol routing strategy. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems , 62 pp. 19-29. 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2016.10.013 . Green open access
http://ift.tt/2gl5K7A
An unsupervised group average cortical parcellation using HARDI data
Ganepola, T; Nagy, Z; Alexander, D; Sereno, M; (2015) An unsupervised group average cortical parcellation using HARDI data. In: OHBM Honolulu 2015: Poster Listings. (pp. p. 221). Organization for Human Brain Mapping: Honolulu, HI, USA.
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Fetal Valproate Syndrome with Limb Defects: An Indian Case Report
Epilepsy is a common disorder and exposure to antiepileptic drugs during pregnancy increases the risk of teratogenicity. Older AEDs such as valproate and phenobarbital are associated with a higher risk of major malformations in the fetus than newer AEDs like lamotrigine and levetiracetam. Exposure to valproic acid during first trimester can result in fetal valproate syndrome (FVS), comprising typical facial features, developmental delay, and a variety of malformations such as neural tube defects, cardiac and genitourinary malformations, and limb defects. We are presenting an Indian case of FVS with major limb defects.
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Torsion of a Communicating Hydrocele Presented as Acute Scrotum: A Case Report and Literature Review
Torsion of a communicating hydrocele is extremely rare, and the cause is unclear. We report the case of a 3-year-old boy referred to us with acute scrotum. Operative findings revealed torsion of a communicating hydrocele with a 360-degree rotation of the distal end. We performed surgical excision of the necrotic cystic mass and high ligation of the peritoneal communication. A high index of suspicion is required for the correct diagnosis and treatment of this condition, which should be included among the causes of acute scrotum in childhood.
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Trends in the co-occurrence of tobacco and cannabis use in 15-year-olds from 2002 to 2010 in 28 countries of Europe and North America
Background: Cannabis and tobacco use frequently co-occur. Adolescents who consume both substances experience more respiratory distress and psychosocial problems and are less likely to stop compared with those who use either tobacco or cannabis alone. This study examined time trends in tobacco and cannabis use among 15-year-olds in Europe and North America between 2002 and 2010. Methods: Twenty-eight countries were included and merged into six regions based on their welfare systems. Adolescents (n = 142 796) were divided in four 'user groups': 'no-users', 'tobacco and cannabis users', 'tobacco-only users' and 'cannabis-only users'. Prevalence rates are reported by study-wave and region. Logistic regressions with study wave as independent variable were used to study trends in the user groups and regions. Interaction effects between time and gender were considered. Results: Overall, tobacco use, and concurrent tobacco and cannabis use decreased by 3 and 3.7%, respectively, but prevalence rates varied by region. Only in North America, an interaction effect between time and gender was found in tobacco and cannabis users. Conclusions: Although this study demonstrates a decrease in tobacco and cannabis use in most regions, it also shows that the use of both substances is related. Therefore, studying the co-occurring use of tobacco and cannabis is necessary.
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Symptom assessment in hospitalized older palliative patients with cancer: agreement among patients, nurses, and proxies
Purpose/Objectives: To evaluate the level of agreement of symptom assessment among older adult palliative patients with cancer, nurses, and patients' proxies. Design: A cross-sectional study. Setting: Two general hospitals in Flanders, Belgium. Sample: 120 palliative patients with cancer, aged 65 years and older. Methods: A validated 36-item instrument developed to assess physical, psychological, functional, social, and existential symptoms in older palliative patients with cancer was independently completed by patients, the nurses, and proxies. Main Research Variables: Frequency and intensity of 36 symptoms. Findings: The study indicates that nurses and proxies tend to underestimate physical and social symptoms and overestimate psychological, functional, and existential symptoms. Agreement scores between patients and nurses and patients and proxies were only significantly different in 39% and 20% of the cases, respectively. Higher intraclass correlation coefficients were measured between patients and proxies compared to patients and nurses. Agreement was associated with demographic and clinical factors, such as gender and prognosis. Conclusions: This study indicates discrepancies among patient, nurse, and proxy in the assessment of symptoms. Implications for Nursing: Patients should be encouraged to report their true experiences. Nurses and proxies should be taught to recognize and assess symptoms and to communicate about them with patients.
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One-pot automated synthesis of quasi triblock copolymers for self-healing physically crosslinked hydrogels
The preparation of physically crosslinked hydrogels from quasi ABA-triblock copolymers with a water-soluble middle block and hydrophobic end groups is reported. The hydrophilic monomer N-acryloylmorpholine is copolymerized with hydrophobic isobornyl acrylate via a one-pot sequential monomer addition through reversible addition fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization in an automated parallel synthesizer, allowing systematic variation of polymer chain length and hydrophobic-hydrophilic ratio. Hydrophobic interactions between the outer blocks cause them to phase-separate into larger hydrophobic domains in water, forming physical crosslinks between the polymers. The resulting hydrogels are studied using rheology and their self-healing ability after large strain damage is shown.
http://ift.tt/2gEeshS
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