Duplicated internal auditory canal with inner ear malformation: Case report and literature review

Publication date: Available online 23 April 2017
Source:Auris Nasus Larynx
Author(s): Yoshitaka Takanashi, Tetsuaki Kawase, Yasuko Tatewaki, Jun Suzuki, Izumi Yahata, Yuuri Nomura, Kazuha Oda, Hiromitsu Miyazaki, Yukio Katori
Internal auditory canal anomalies are rare. Narrow internal auditory canal is believed to occur as a result of aplasia or hypoplasia of the vestibulocochlear nerve. Narrow duplication of the internal auditory canal is considered to be very rare. Narrow duplication of the internal auditory canal with inner ear malformation has been reported in only 3 cases. We present 2 cases of narrow duplication of the internal auditory canal with inner ear malformation. The first case had inner ear malformation on only one side and the second case had inner ear malformation on both sides. The embryogenesis may be different between internal auditory canal and inner ear.



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Duplicated internal auditory canal with inner ear malformation: Case report and literature review

Publication date: Available online 23 April 2017
Source:Auris Nasus Larynx
Author(s): Yoshitaka Takanashi, Tetsuaki Kawase, Yasuko Tatewaki, Jun Suzuki, Izumi Yahata, Yuuri Nomura, Kazuha Oda, Hiromitsu Miyazaki, Yukio Katori
Internal auditory canal anomalies are rare. Narrow internal auditory canal is believed to occur as a result of aplasia or hypoplasia of the vestibulocochlear nerve. Narrow duplication of the internal auditory canal is considered to be very rare. Narrow duplication of the internal auditory canal with inner ear malformation has been reported in only 3 cases. We present 2 cases of narrow duplication of the internal auditory canal with inner ear malformation. The first case had inner ear malformation on only one side and the second case had inner ear malformation on both sides. The embryogenesis may be different between internal auditory canal and inner ear.



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TWiV 438: Drs. TWiV go to Washington

On the eve of the March for Science, the TWiV team gathers at ASM Headquarters in Washington, DC with guests Stefano and Susie to talk about the state of science communication.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello...

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Preoperative implant selection for unilateral breast reconstruction using 3D imaging with the Microsoft Kinect sensor

This study aimed to investigate whether breast volume measured preoperatively with a Kinect 3D sensor could be used to determine the most appropriate implant size for reconstruction.

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Anti-amnesic effect of extract and alkaloid fraction from aerial parts of Peganum harmala on scopolamine-induced memory deficits in mice

Publication date: Available online 23 April 2017
Source:Journal of Ethnopharmacology
Author(s): Wei Liu, Yudan Zhu, Yongli Wang, Shenglan Qi, Yuwen Wang, Chao Ma, Shuping Li, Bo Jiang, Xuemei Cheng, Zhengtao Wang, Zhenyu Xuan, Changhong Wang
Ethnopharmacological relevanceAerial parts of Peganum harmala Linn (APP) is used as traditional medical herb for treatment of forgetfulness in Uighur medicine in China. But, the active ingredients and underlying mechanisms are unclear.Aim of the studyThe present study was undertaken to investigate the improvement effects of extract and alkaloid fraction from APP on scopolamine-induced cognitive dysfunction and to elucidate their underlying mechanisms of action, and to support its folk use with scientific evidence, and lay a foundation for its further researches.Materials and methodsThe acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activities of extract (EXT), alkaloid fraction (ALK) and flavanoid fraction (FLA) from APP were evaluated in normal male C57BL/6 mice. The anti-amnesic effects of EXT and ALK from APP were measured in scopolamine-induced memory deficits mice by the Morris water maze (MWM) tasks. The levels of biomarkers, enzyme activity and protein expression of cholinergic system were determined in brain tissues.ResultsThe AChE activity was significantly decreased and the content of neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) was significantly increased in normal mice cortex and hippocampus by treatment with donepezil at dosage of 8mg/kg, EXT at dosages of 183, 550, 1650 mg/kg and ALK at dosages of 10, 30, 90mg/kg (P < 0.05), and the AChE activity and the content of ACh were not significantly changed in cortex and hippocampus after treatment with FLA at dosages of 10, 30, 90mg/kg (P > 0.05). In the MWM task, scopolamine-induced a decrease in both the swimming time within the target zone and the number of crossings where the platform had been placed were significantly reversed by treatment with EXT at dosages of 550, 1650 mg/kg and ALK at dosages of 30, 90mg/kg (P < 0.05). Moreover, the activity and protein expression of AChE was significantly decreased and the content of neurotransmitter ACh was significantly increased in cerebral cortex of scopolamine-induced mice by treatment with EXT at dosages of 183, 550, 1650 mg/kg and ALK at dosages of 10, 30, 90mg/kg (P < 0.05), compared with scopolamine-treated group.ConclusionsEXT and ALK from APP exert beneficial effect on learning and memory processes in mice with scopolamine-induced memory impairment. APP is an effective traditional folk medicine and the ALK fraction is proved to be the main effective components for the treatment of forgetfulness. The ALK may be valuable source for lead compounds discovery and drug development for treatment of memory impairment such as in Alzheimer's disease.

Graphical abstract

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Duplicated internal auditory canal with inner ear malformation: Case report and literature review

Internal auditory canal anomalies are rare. Narrow internal auditory canal is believed to occur as a result of aplasia or hypoplasia of the vestibulocochlear nerve. Narrow duplication of the internal auditory canal is considered to be very rare. Narrow duplication of the internal auditory canal with inner ear malformation has been reported in only 3 cases. We present 2 cases of narrow duplication of the internal auditory canal with inner ear malformation. The first case had inner ear malformation on only one side and the second case had inner ear malformation on both sides.

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Duplicated internal auditory canal with inner ear malformation: Case report and literature review

Internal auditory canal anomalies are rare. Narrow internal auditory canal is believed to occur as a result of aplasia or hypoplasia of the vestibulocochlear nerve. Narrow duplication of the internal auditory canal is considered to be very rare. Narrow duplication of the internal auditory canal with inner ear malformation has been reported in only 3 cases. We present 2 cases of narrow duplication of the internal auditory canal with inner ear malformation. The first case had inner ear malformation on only one side and the second case had inner ear malformation on both sides.

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