Anatomic evaluation of the retromolar canal by histologic and radiologic analyses

Publication date: September 2017
Source:Archives of Oral Biology, Volume 81
Author(s): Heung-Joong Kim, Hansoo Kang, Yo-Seob Seo, Do Kyung Kim, Sun-Kyoung Yu
ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to identify the detailed anatomic morphology of the retromolar canal using histologic sections and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images.Materials and methodsTwenty-two sides of the mandible obtained from cadavers and CBCT images of 72 patients (144 sides) were analyzed. All mandibles were prepared using conventional methods of tissue processing, stained with hematoxylin-eosin, and measured to elucidate the composition and dimensions of the retromolar canal with the aid of a light microscope. In addition, the prevalence, course, opening position, and distance of the retromolar canal from the second molar were measured on CBCT images.ResultsThe retromolar neurovascular bundle in the retromolar canal originated from the inferior alveolar neurovascular bundle, and the mean areas of the neurovascular bundle and each artery and nerve contained within it were 0.59, 0.07, and 0.05mm², respectively. The mean horizontal and vertical diameters of the neurovascular bundle were 0.82 and 0.90mm, respectively. The retromolar canal was detected more often on CBCT images (43.1%, 31 out of 72 patients). It mainly arose vertically (71.0%) from the mandibular canal and opened in the middle portion (57.9%) of the retromolar triangle at a mean distance of 13.13mm from the second molar.ConclusionsThe retromolar canal is a normal anatomic structure that is relatively common and contains both a relatively large artery and a nerve. Clinicians need to pay closer attention to vascular problems as well as nerve damage when they are performing surgical procedures in the retromolar area.



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Differences between the chewing and non-chewing sides of the mandibular first molars and condyles in the closing phase during chewing in normal subjects

Publication date: September 2017
Source:Archives of Oral Biology, Volume 81
Author(s): Hiroshi Tomonari, Sangho Kwon, Takaharu Kuninori, Shouichi Miyawaki
ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess differences between the closing paths of the chewing and non-chewing sides of mandibular first molars and condyles during natural mastication, using standardized model food in healthy subjects.DesignThirty-two healthy young adults (age: 19–25 years; 22 men, 10 women) with normal occlusion and function chewed on standardized gummy jelly. Using an optoelectric jaw-tracking system with six degrees of freedom, we recorded the path of the mandibular first molars and condyles on both sides for 10 strokes during unilateral chewing. Variables were compared between the chewing side and the non-chewing side of first molars and condyles on frontal, sagittal, and horizontal views during the early-, middle- and late-closing phases.ResultsOn superior/inferior displacements, the chewing side first molar and condyle were positioned superior to those on the non-chewing side during the early- and middle-closing phases. Conversely, the first molar and condyle on the non-chewing side were positioned significantly superior to those on the chewing side during the late-closing phase. On anterior/posterior displacements, the chewing side mandibular first molar and condyle were positioned significantly posterior to those on the non-chewing side throughout all closing phases.ConclusionOur results showed the differences between the mandibular first molars and condyles on both sides with respect to masticatory path during natural chewing of a model food. These differences can be useful for informing initial diagnostic tests for impaired masticatory function in the clinical environment.



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Review Article: Retropharyngeal Abscess—Mimickers and Masqueraders

Abstract

To discuss a case of suspected retropharyngeal abscess having important clinical and academic significance. This paper discusses an unusual presentation and evolution of a well known condition such as retropharyngeal abscess. Though the diagnosis in this case was initially a retropharyngeal abscess, several unusual findings were evident, which interfered with the optimal management of the patient. A literature review revealed rare causes and lesions mimicking a retropharyngeal abscess, such as retropharyngeal calcific tendinitis and Kawasaki disease, which are neither familiar to otolaryngologists nor other specialists such as orthopedicians. It is possible that this patient was both over treated and undertreated at the same time. Though the diagnosis in this case could not be established with certainty, several important pieces of information came up, especially unusual causes of retropharyngeal abscess and management of the same. Retropharyngeal abscess is a well-known condition with established modes of management. However, certain variations may occur and may pose challenges in diagnosis and management. These variations are little known and need to be highlighted so that optimal management is ensured.

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Invasive Fungal Infection in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Associated with Myeloid Sarcoma of the Sinonasal Cavity: A Rare Case

Abstract

Myeloid sarcoma is a rare malignant extramedullary neoplasm of myeloid precursor cells. The majority of these cases occur in patients with known leukemia or those who eventually develop the disease. It can occur in various sites but sinonasal cavity involvement along with invasive fungal infection is exceedingly rare.

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Association of of IgE Can f 2 and dyspnea in pet allergic patients

The widespread presence of household pets makes it difficult to avoid exposure to their allergens. Currently, only a few cat and dog allergen components are commercially available: Can f 1, Can f 2, Fel d 4 (lipocalins), Can f 3, Fel d 2 (albumins) Can f5 (kalikrein), and the Fel d1 (secretoglobin). There are several known feline and canine allergen components not available commercially, including Can f 4, Can f 6-7, Fel d 3, and Fel d 5 through 8.1 Thus, a negative test result for allergen specific IgE (asIgE) to those components does not exclude an allergy to other canine and feline proteins.

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Duration and exclusiveness of breastfeeding and school-age lung function and asthma

Breastfeeding reduces the risk of asthma in early childhood, but it is not clear whether its effect on respiratory morbidity is still present in later childhood.

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Acute otitis media in children: a vaccine‐preventable disease?

Marco Aurélio Palazzi Sáfadi, Daniel Jarovsky
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2017;83:241-2

Texto Completo - PDF

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