Circulating CD14+CD163+CD209+ M2-like monocytes are associated with the severity of infection in Helicobacter pylori-positive patients

Publication date: April 2019

Source: Molecular Immunology, Volume 108

Author(s): Jie Hou, Xinrui Wang, Manli Zhang, Min Wang, Pujun Gao, Yanfang Jiang

Abstract

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) initiates a robust host immune response and subsequently results in chronic inflammation in the gastric mucosa. This study monitored the circulating monocyte subsets and measured the plasma levels of IL-10 and IL-12 in response to H. pylori infection in 35 H. pylori-associated gastritis patients and 14 healthy controls. We found that the numbers of CD14⁺CD163⁻CD64⁺ M1-like monocytes as well as CD14⁺CD163⁺CD206⁺, CD14⁺CD163⁺CD209⁺, and CD14⁺CD163⁺IL-10⁺ M2-like monocytes were significantly increased in H. pylori-infected patients in comparison with the controls, accompanied by higher levels of plasma IL-10. In addition, IL-10 production was significantly higher in the stimulated M2-like cells from patients with H. pylori infection compared with controls. Moreover, the H. pylori-infected patients with CagA- or VacA-positive strains had a significantly higher number of CD14⁺CD163⁺CD206⁺, CD14⁺CD163⁺CD209⁺, CD14⁺CD163⁺IL-10⁺ monocytes compared to those with CagA- or VacA-negative strains. Furthermore, patients suffering from H. pylori-positive peptic ulcers had a greater number of CD14⁺CD163⁺CD209⁺ monocytes than H. pylori-positive nonatrophic or atrophic gastritis patients, with the numbers of CD14⁺CD163⁺CD209⁺ monocytes positively correlated with the extent of H. pylori infection. Notably, the triple anti-H. pylori therapy significantly reduced the numbers of CD14⁺CD163⁺CD206⁺ and CD14⁺CD163⁺CD209⁺ monocyte subsets. In conclusion, CD14⁺CD163⁺CD209⁺ M2-like monocyte subsets are increased in H. pylori infection, especially in patients with peptic ulcers. CD14⁺CD163⁺CD209⁺ M2-like monocytes are positively associated with the severity of H. pylori infection.

http://bit.ly/2GrJu9M

Retrospective analysis of aeroallergen’s sensitization patterns in Edmonton, Canada

Sensitization to common environmental aeroallergens plays a significant role in the pathogenesis and severity of respiratory allergic disorders, specifically asthma and allergic rhinitis. Understanding sensiti...

http://bit.ly/2BzoCcu

STING-associated lung disease in mice relies on T cells but not type I interferon

Publication date: Available online 14 February 2019

Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

Author(s): Hella Luksch, W.Alexander Stinson, Derek J. Platt, Wei Qian, Gowri Kalugotla, Cathrine A. Miner, Brock G. Bennion, Alexander Gerbaulet, Angela Rösen-Wolff, Jonathan J. Miner

Abstract

Background

Monogenic interferonopathies are thought to be mediated by type I interferon (IFN). For example, a gain-of-function mutation in STING (STING N153S) up-regulates type I IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) and causes perivascular inflammatory lung disease in mice. The equivalent mutation in humans also causes lung disease, which is thought to require signaling through the cGAS-STING pathway and subsequent activation of IFN regulatory factors (IRF) 3/7, type I IFN, and ISGs.

Objective

We set out to define the roles of cGAS, IRF3, IRF7, the type I IFN receptor (IFNAR1), T cells, and B cells in spontaneous lung disease in STING N153S mice.

Methods

STING N153S mice were crossed to animals lacking cGAS, IRF3/IRF7, IFNAR1, adaptive immunity, αβ T cells, and mature B cells. Mice were evaluated for spontaneous lung disease. Additionally, bone marrow chimeric mice were assessed for lung disease severity and survival.

Results

Lung disease in STING N153S mice developed independently of cGAS, IRF3/IRF7, and IFNAR1. Bone marrow transplantation revealed that certain features of STING N153S-associated disease are intrinsic to the hematopoietic compartment. Rag1^-/- STING N153S mice that lack adaptive immunity had no lung disease, and Tcrβ^-/- STING N153S animals only developed mild disease. STING N153S led to a reduction in percent and number of naive and regulatory T cells, as well as an increased frequency of cytokine-producing effector T cells.

Conclusion

Spontaneous lung disease in STING N153S mice develops independently of type I IFN signaling and cGAS. STING N153S relies primarily on T cells to promote lung disease in mice.

Graphical abstract

http://bit.ly/2BAIkVb

A combined immunodeficiency with severe infections, inflammation and allergy caused by ARPC1B deficiency

Publication date: Available online 13 February 2019

Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

Author(s): Stefano Volpi, Maria Pia Cicalese, Paul Tuijnenburg, Anton T.J. Tool, Eloy Cuadrado, Hamid Ahanchian, Raed Alzyoud, Zeynep Coban Akdemir, Federica Barzaghi, Alexander Blank, Bertrand Boisson, Cristina Bottino, Roberta Caorsi, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Sabrina Chiesa, Ivan Kingyue Chinn, Gregor Dückers, Anselm Enders, Hans Christian Erichsen, Lisa R. Forbes

http://bit.ly/2TQ1qOj

Human papillomavirus detection in matched oral rinses, oropharyngeal and oral brushings of cancer-free high-risk individuals

Publication date: April 2019

Source: Oral Oncology, Volume 91

Author(s): Maria Gabriella Donà, Barbara Pichi, Francesca Rollo, Maria Benevolo, Alessandra Latini, Valentina Laquintana, Raul Pellini, Manuela Colafigli, Mirko Frasca, Massimo Giuliani, Antonio Cristaudo

Abstract

Objectives

The detection of oral Human Papillomavirus (HPV) may be of clinical utility because of the major role HPV plays in the etiology of oropharyngeal cancer. However, oral HPV testing is not standardized and the best sampling method has yet to be identified. We aimed to compare HPV findings in matched oral rinse-and-gargles (rinses), oropharyngeal brushings and oral brushings.

Materials and methods

HPV-DNA was investigated using Linear Array in samples collected from cancer-free individuals at increased risk for oral HPV.

Results

163 oral rinses already tested for HPV were selected. The matched oropharyngeal (n = 163) and oral brushings (n = 100) were analyzed. The detection rate for any HPV, high-risk (HR)-HPVs and HPV16 was significantly higher in rinses than brushings. The overall agreement for any HPV between rinses and oropharyngeal brushings was 51.2% (Cohen K: 0.14, 95% CI: 0.07–0.21). The proportion of positive agreement was 16.8%. The overall agreement for HR-HPVs was 74.1% (Cohen K: 0.20, 95% CI: 0.07–0.33). The genotype-specific profile of rinses and brushings which were concomitantly HPV-positive only partially overlapped in cases with multiple infections, with more genotypes detected in the rinse, which were not isolated in the corresponding brushings.

Conclusion

The agreement for HPV status between rinses and brushings is poor, particularly for the HPV-positive findings. Despite the fact that the origin of the HPV-infected cells present in the oral rinse is unclear, since they could not be traced back to the oropharynx or oral cavity, oral rinses provided the highest detection rate for HR-HPVs and HPV16.

http://bit.ly/2to2ihr

Elevated kynurenine levels in diffuse cutaneous and anti-RNA polymerase III positive systemic sclerosis

Publication date: Available online 14 February 2019

Source: Clinical Immunology

Author(s): Corrado Campochiaro, Simon Lytton, Svetlana Nihtyanova, Dietmar Fuchs, Voon H. Ong, Christopher P. Denton

Abstract

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a systemic disease characterized by vasculopathy, progressive fibrosis and autoimmune activation. Tryptophan (Trp) metabolism has been linked to altered immune cell function and to malignancy. We have investigated the role of Trp metabolic pathway in SSc measuring serum Trp, Kynurenine (Kyn) and Trp/Kyn ratio in a cohort of 97 SSc patients and 10 healthy controls. Association with disease characteristics was evaluated. We found that Trp levels in SSc patients were significantly lower compared to HCs. We also found that patients with diffuse cutaneous (dcSSc) had lower levels of Trp compared to limited cutaneous (lcSSc). These results were paralleled by higher levels of Kyn found in SSc patients compared to HCs and significantly lower levels in dcSSc compared to lcSSc. The autoantibody profile was also found to be significantly associated with Kyn and Trp levels as anti-RNA-polymerase III (ARA) positive patients were shown to have lower Trp levels and higher Kyn levels compared with anti-centromere and anti-topoisomerase I positive patients. Moreover, the highest Trp/Kyn was found in ARA+ patients with dcSSc, suggesting that an activation of the Kyn pathway, is more specifically associated with this subset of SSc patients. Stability over time makes these markers of Trp metabolism feasible for SSc stratification.

http://bit.ly/2E94yzw

Multiple cutaneous metastasis of synchronous urothelial carcinoma of the bladder and the renal pelvis: a case report

Cutaneous metastatic disease arising from urinary tract carcinoma is rare and associated with a poor prognosis. We report a case of metastatic disease occurring in a patient treated for synchronous urothelial ...

http://bit.ly/2BCOh4e