Convergent and divergent validity between the KTK and MOT 4-6 motor tests in early childhood

The aim of this study was to investigate the convergent and divergent validity between the Body Coordination Test for Children (KTK) and the Motor Proficiency Test for 4- to 6-Year-Old Children (MOT 4-6). A total of 638 children (5–6 yr old) took part in the study. The results showed a moderately positive association between the total scores of both tests (r = .63). Moreover, the KTK total score correlated more highly with the MOT 4-6 gross motor score than with the MOT 4-6 fine motor score (r = .62 vs. .32). Levels of agreement were moderate when identifying children with moderate or severe motor problems and low at best when detecting children with higher motor-competence levels. This study provides evidence of convergent and divergent validity between the KTK and MOT 4-6. However, given the moderate to low levels of agreement, either measurement may lead to possible categorization errors. Therefore, it is recommended that children's motor competence not be judged based on the result of a single test.

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'Turning down the heat': is poor performance of children with ADHD on tasks tapping 'hot' emotional regulation caused by deficits in 'cool' executive functions?

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How to return to subjectivity? Natorp, Husserl, and Lacan on the limits of reflection

This article discusses the recent call within contemporary phenomenology to return to subjectivity in response to certain limitations of naturalistic explanations of the mind. The meaning and feasibility of this call is elaborated by connecting it to a classical issue within the phenomenological tradition concerning the possibility of investigating the first-person perspective through reflection. We will discuss how this methodological question is respectively treated and reconfigured in the works of Natorp, Husserl, and Lacan. Finally, we will lay out some possible consequences of such a cross-reading for the conception of subjectivity and the concomitant effort to account for this dimension of first-person experience in response and in addition to its omission within the standard third-person perspective of psychological research.

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How to implement quality indicators successfully in palliative care services: perceptions of team members about facilitators of and barriers to implementation

There is an increasing demand for the use of quality indicators in palliative care. With previous research about implementation in this field lacking, we aimed to evaluate the barriers to and facilitators of implementation. Three focus group interviews were organized with 21 caregivers from 18 different specialized palliative care services in Belgium. Four had already worked with the indicators during a pilot study. The focus group discussions were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using the thematic framework approach. The caregivers anticipated that a positive attitude by the team towards quality improvement, the presence of a good leader, and the possible link between quality indicators and reimbursement might facilitate the implementation of quality indicators in specialized palliative care services. Other facilitators concerned the presence of a need to demonstrate quality of care, to perform improvement actions, and to learn from other caregivers and services in the field. A negative attitude by caregivers towards quality measurement and a lack of skills, time, and staff were mentioned as barriers to successful implementation. Palliative caregivers anticipate a number of opportunities and problems when implementing quality indicators. These relate to the attitudes of the team regarding quality measurement; the attitudes, knowledge, and skills of the individual caregivers within the team; and the organizational context and the economic and political context. Training in the advantages of quality indicators and how to use them is indispensable, as are structural changes in the policy concerning palliative care, in order to progress towards systematic quality monitoring.

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Belgian social law and its journals: a reflected history

Through the analysis of the emergence of contemporary social law, Bruno Debaenst stresses the multiple links resulting from the creation of a new field in law and its specialized journals. These milestones underline how actors interact to define and manage an autonomous space in the legal culture in the making. Progressively, the two founding pillars of social law, labour law and social security law emancipated. Thus, journals follow a similar path to become distinct and specialized. Since the end of the nineteenth century, as the author lists the multiple titles, legal practitioners, lawyers and magistrates animate the journals until the Second World War. With the integration of social law in the legal curriculum, these journals received attention of Liège, Louvain and Brussels universities professors. In a way, this analysis documents how legal journals contribute to the definition of legal culture, beyond reflecting it.

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Exhaled breath as diagnostic tool for malignant pleural mesothelioma

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Het stakingswapen als politiek breekijzer in de Belgische rechtstraditie

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