Αρχειοθήκη ιστολογίου

Τετάρτη 1 Ιουνίου 2016

Influences of −482C>T and 3238G>C polymorphisms of the Apolipoprotein C3 gene on prevalence of metabolic syndrome

Abstract

Apolipoprotein C3 (ApoC3) plays a regulatory role in triglyceride (TG) metabolism. The higher level of TG can be a cause in pathogenesis of the vascular diseases or metabolic syndrome (MetS). In this study, we examined the associations of ApoC3 polymorphisms (−482C>T rs2854117 and 3238G>C rs5128) with Korean MetS patients. A total of 835 subjects were investigated, including 320 patients with MetS and 515 healthy subjects. The genotype analysis of the ApoC3 polymorphisms was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism methods. Of the two polymorphisms studied, we observed a significant difference in the −482C>T polymorphism between the MetS and control groups. The TT genotype of the −482C>T polymorphism was associated with increased risk for MetS, compared with the controls (OR 1.627, 95 % CI 1.075–2.463, P = 0.021). The association was female-specific. No associations were found for the risk of MetS in the 3238G>C polymorphism. Haplotypes composed of two polymorphisms, however, were associated with MetS susceptibility in only male group. The 3238G>C polymorphism was significantly associated with TG levels (P = 0.013). Our data suggest that the ApoC3 −482C>T polymorphism is associated with increased MetS susceptibility in the Korean population.



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Topical treatment with a two component gel releasing nitric oxide cures C57BL/6 mice from cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania major



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NHE1-expression at wound margins increases time-dependently during physiological healing



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Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia: A disease fascinating for the researcher, disappointing for the clinician and distressing for the patient

Abstract

In just two decades since it was first described, FFA has gone from being a newly described disease entity to what is today considered by many dermatologists the most common clinical presentation of a primary scarring alopecia (1).

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.



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Commentary on the Diagnostic Utility of Non-invasive Imaging Devices for Field Cancerization

Abstract

In this issue of Experimental Dermatology, Marneffe and collegues present a practical algorithmic guide to differentiating actinic keratosis (AK) from normal skin and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) using high-definition optical coherence tomography (HD-OCT), outlining steps and markers to guide both novice and more experienced skin cancer experts (1).

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.



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7 things you should and should not spend your first paycheck on

You've finally made it. You've passed your program, you've landed a job, and you are starting to feel financially secure. There is no doubt about it – when you get your first, hard-earned paycheck, it's exciting. That's why it's easy to put the cart before the horse when it comes to spending.

It's important to assess your new financial situation before you start splurging on items. Keep yourself in check and start your career path with smart financial decisions. Here's a list of dos and don'ts every one new to EMS should pay attention to.

1. Should: Do nothing out of your financial normal. Use your first few paychecks to observe how they work out with your already established bills. You may also be surprised about how much taxes or benefits cut into your paycheck. Jot down how much you have left after living your pre-career lifestyle: paying rent, your car payment and other ancillary fees. When you get into a rhythm of how much you are typically spending vs. how much you are making, you'll see how much discretionary income you actually have. The number may be smaller than you anticipated.

2. Should not: Immediately buy a new car. Maybe you've had your eye on a new SUV, or you're just looking for something practical to get around in. Either way, it's important to assess how much you can actually get away with spending before locking yourself into a car payment. You might also make unexpected observations – perhaps you're burning more gas on your commute than you thought, which could change your buying decision altogether.

3. Should: Spend on interest-accruing items you haven't had money to cover. Let's say you haven't had the ability to start chipping away at your student loans, a car payment or your credit card debt. You've gone this long without worrying about them, so it may be easy to take your first paycheck and put it toward something fun. The longer you resist debts, the more interest you're accruing – meaning the more you'll be paying in the long run. If you have a bit of padding this month, try to use some of it on your outstanding debt.

4. Should not: Get a credit card right away. You may have abstained from signing up for a credit card before your steady career paycheck, but now that you have regular money coming in, credit cards seem less scary. While credit cards are a great tool, especially if you haven't established a credit score, it's smart to hold off on getting one until you're comfortable with your new pay increase. Don't tempt yourself to live outside your means with a larger paycheck and an extra credit line.

5. Should: Start putting extra savings into a retirement account. It may seem odd to start thinking about retirement when you've only just begun your career, but ask any veteran paramedic – pensions aren't what they used to be. The younger you are when you start saving for retirement, the happier you'll be once you hang up the uniform.

6. Should not: Buy a vacation. Now is not the time to start taking paid vacation or dipping into your early savings. Although veterans at your station may scoff at the idea of taking a vacation at all, someday you will have the opportunity to treat yourself to a nice getaway – just not immediately. It's bad for your wallet and your reputation.

7. Should: Put a few pennies into an emergency fund. Getting surprised by car trouble, health issues or any other money obstacle that may come your way is never fun. Having some cash stashed away can take the sting out of these occurrences. Most experts agree that your emergency fund should equal three to six months' worth of living expenses.

We'll look the other way if you start these "should and should nots" after you buy yourself one decent meal. Congratulate yourself on the new job and a major accomplishment you've earned for yourself. Here's to a long – and fiscally responsible – journey in EMS .



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Arginase-1 is frequently positive in hepatoid adenocarcinomas

Publication date: September 2016
Source:Human Pathology, Volume 55
Author(s): Vishal S. Chandan, Sejal S. Shah, Michael S. Torbenson, Tsung-Teh Wu
Hepatoid adenocarcinoma is a rare extrahepatic tumor, which shows morphological and immunohistochemical similarities to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hence, hepatoid adenocarcinoma can cause diagnostic confusion with HCC. Arginase-1 immunostain has been recently shown to be an excellent marker of normal hepatocytes and is a sensitive and specific marker for HCC. However, the expression of Arginase-1 in hepatoid adenocarcinoma has not been evaluated in detail. Eight cases of hepatoid adenocarcinoma were immunostained with Arginase-1, Hepar-1, Glypican-3, CK7, CK20, CK19, polyclonal carcinoembryonic antigen, ɑ-fetoprotein, CDX2, and TTF-1. Albumin in situ hybridization was performed in 4 cases. All 8 cases were positive for Hepar-1. Arginase-1 was positive in 5 (62.5%) of 8 cases; 2 of these cases showed diffuse staining, while 3 showed patchy staining. Glypican-3, CK7 and ɑ-fetoprotein were each positive in 4 (50%) of 8 cases. CK19 was positive in 3 (37.5%) of 8 cases. polyclonal carcinoembryonic antigen showed canalicular staining in 3 (37.5%) of 8 cases and albumin in situ hybridization was positive in 3 (75%) of 4 cases. CDX2 was positive in 2 (25%) of 8 cases, both arising from the stomach. CK20 was positive in 1 (12.5%) of 8 case while TTF-1 was negative in all cases. Hepatoid adenocarcinoma has a similar immunostaining profile as HCC. Arginase-1 expression is common (62.5%) in hepatoid adenocarcinoma and hence it is not useful in distinguishing HCC from hepatoid adenocarcinoma.



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