Quality of life after thyroidectomy in patients with nontoxic nodular goiter: A prospective cohort study

Abstract

Background

Using the thoroughly validated Thyroid-Related Quality-of-Life Patient-Reported Outcome (ThyPRO) questionnaire, the purpose of this study was to investigate changes in disease-specific quality of life (QOL) after surgical treatment in patients with benign nontoxic multinodular goiters.

Method

Patients with goiters scheduled for thyroid surgery (n = 106) and individuals from the general population (n = 739) were studied. The ThyPRO data before, 3 months, and 6 months after surgery were compared with normative scores from the general population using a linear mixed model and t tests.

Results

Before surgery, patients with goiters experienced poorer scores on all scales compared to the general population. After surgery, moderate to large improvements were seen in goiter symptoms, tiredness, anxiety, and overall QOL. After surgery, all scales returned to values equal to the general population. The degree of anxiety was, in fact, lower than in the general population.

Conclusion

Thyroid surgery leads to significant benefit among patients with benign nontoxic goiters by restoring QOL equal to that in the general population.

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Role of the microbiota in skin immunity and atopic dermatitis

Publication date: Available online 4 September 2017
Source:Allergology International
Author(s): Yuriko Yamazaki, Yuumi Nakamura, Gabriel Núñez
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects 15–20% of children and 2–5% of adults in industrialized countries. The pathogen Staphylococcus aureus selectively colonizes the lesional skin of AD patients while this bacterium is absent in the skin of the majority of healthy individuals. However, the role of S. aureus in the pathogenesis of AD remains poorly understood. In addition to S. aureus, recent studies show a contribution of the skin microbiota to the regulation of immune responses in the skin as well as to the development of inflammatory skin disease. This review summarizes current knowledge about the role of the microbiota in skin immune responses and the role of S. aureus virulent factors in the pathogenesis of AD.



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Exposure amount and timing of solar irradiation during pregnancy and the risk of sensitization in children

Publication date: Available online 4 September 2017
Source:Allergology International
Author(s): Hyun Yong Koh, Eunhae Cho, So-Yeon Lee, Woo Kyung Kim, Yong Mean Park, Jihyun Kim, Kangmo Ahn, Seung Won Lee, Mi Ae Kim, Myung-Il Hahm, Yoomi Chae, Kee-Jae Lee, Ho-Jang Kwon, Man Yong Han
BackgroundSolar irradiation affects sensitization to aeroallergens and the prevalence of allergic diseases. Little is known, however, about how the time and amount of solar irradiation during pregnancy affects such risks in children. We aimed to find out how solar irradiation during pregnancy affects sensitization to aero-allergens and the prevalence of allergic diseases in children.MethodsThis population-based cross-sectional study involved 7301 aged 6 years and aged 12 years children. Maternal exposure to solar irradiation during pregnancy was evaluated using data from weather stations closest to each child's birthplace. Monthly average solar irradiation during the second and third trimesters was calculated with rank by quartiles. Risks of allergic sensitization and allergic disease were estimated.ResultsRelative to the first (lowest) quartile, the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for allergic sensitization in the fourth (highest) quartile was lowest within solar irradiation during pregnancy months 5–6 (aOR = 0.823, 95% CI 0.720–0.942, p < 0.05). During months 9–10, the aOR for allergic sensitization for the fourth was higher than the first quartile of solar irradiation (aOR = 1.167, 95% CI 1.022–1.333, p < 0.05). Similar results were observed when solar irradiation was analyzed as a continuous variable during months 5 (aOR = 0.975, 95% CI 0.962–0.989, p < 0.001) and month 9 (aOR = 1.018, 95% CI 1.004–1.031, p = 0.003). Increased solar irradiation during months 7–8 increased the risk of asthma (aOR = 1.309, 95% CI 1.024–1.674, p = 0.032).ConclusionsMaternal exposure to solar irradiation during the second trimester of pregnancy associated with reduced aeroallergen sensitization, whereas solar irradiation during the third trimester was related to increased sensitization to aeroallergens.



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Targeting histone-acetyltransferase Tip60 inhibits intestinal allergy

Abstract

Background

The over production of IgE plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of allergy; the mechanism is unclear. Histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activities are required in gene transcription of a large number of molecules in the immune system of the body.

Objectives

This study tests a hypothesis that HAT Tat-interactive protein 60 (Tip60) plays an important role in the initiation of IgE-mediated allergy.

Methods

The effects of Tip60 on regulating IgE expression were assessed with B cells. An intestinal allergy mouse model was developed to assess the role of Tip60 in the induction of IgE-mediated allergic inflammation.

Results

High levels of Tip60 were observed in the peripheral B cells of patients with FA. Tip60 was required in the expression of IgE and IgG1 in B cells by inducing the chromatin remolding at the gene locus, in which histone acetylation, signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) and nuclear factor-κB at the locus of Iε promoter were markedly increased. Blocking Tip60 significantly attenuated the allergic inflammation in the mouse intestinal mucosa.

Conclusions

Tip60 plays an important role in the induction of IgE in B cells. Blocking Tip60 inhibits the allergic inflammation in the intestine, suggesting Tip60 inhibitor may be a potential anti-allergy drug.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Soy isoflavones inducing overt hypothyroidism in a patient with chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis: a case report

Many people have thyroid conditions that make them susceptible to hypothyroidism. If the foods they eat may interfere with the production of thyroid hormone, which can lead to development of serious hypothyroi...

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Dental and oropharyngeal lesions in rats with chronic acid reflux esophagitis

In this study, we evaluated pathological changes in the tooth and pharynx of GERD rats to elucidate the association between gastric acid reflux and oral and pharyngeal diseases.

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Dental and oropharyngeal lesions in rats with chronic acid reflux esophagitis

Publication date: Available online 4 September 2017
Source:Auris Nasus Larynx
Author(s): Rintaro Shimazu, Mihoko Yamamoto, Akimichi Minesaki, Yuichiro Kuratomi
ObjectiveIn this study, we evaluated pathological changes in the tooth and pharynx of GERD rats to elucidate the association between gastric acid reflux and oral and pharyngeal diseases.MethodsAn experimental rat model of chronic acid reflux esophagitis was surgically created. The oral cavities were observed histologically every 2 weeks until 20 weeks after surgery.ResultsAt 10 weeks after surgery, molar crown heights in GERD rats were shorter than that in control rats, and inflammatory cell infiltration by gastric acid reflux was found in the periodontal mucosa of GERD rats. Furthermore, dental erosion progressed in GERD rats at 20 weeks after surgery, and enamel erosion and dentin exposure were observed. During the same period, inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in the mucosa of the posterior part of the tongue. These findings suggest that gastric acid reflux may be one of the exacerbating factors of dental erosion, periodontitis and glossitis.ConclusionWe investigated oral changes in an experimental rat model of GERD and observed development of dental erosion, periodontitis and glossitis. Our findings suggested chronic gastric acid reflux may be involved in the pathogenesis of oral disease.



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