Performance of Electrical Velocimetry for Noninvasive Cardiac Output Measurements in Perioperative Patients After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Background: Fluid therapy guided by cardiac output measurements is of particular importance for adequate cerebral perfusion and oxygenation in neurosurgical patients. We examined the usefulness of a noninvasive electrical velocimetry (EV) device based on the thoracic bioimpedance method for perioperative hemodynamic monitoring in patients after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Patients and Methods: In total, 18 patients who underwent surgical clipping or endovascular coiling for ruptured aneurysms were examined prospectively. Simultaneous cardiac index (CI) measurements obtained with EV (CIEV) and reference transpulmonary thermodilution (CITPTD) were compared. A total of 223 pairs of data were collected. Results: A significant correlation was found between CIEV and CITPTD (r=0.86; P

https://ift.tt/2MTM48A

Dilated Pupil as a Diagnostic Component of Brain Death—Does it Really Matter?

No abstract available

https://ift.tt/2KcleXn

Relationship between mold exposure, specific IgE sensitization and clinical asthma: a case-control study

Publication date: Available online 23 June 2018
Source:Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
Author(s): Muriel Vincent, Francis Corazza, Camille Chasseur, Sandrine Bladt, Marta Romano, Kris Huygen, Olivier Denis, Olivier Michel




https://ift.tt/2tym1uK

Risk Factors for Multiple Epinephrine Doses in Food-Triggered Anaphylaxis in Children

Publication date: Available online 23 June 2018
Source:Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
Author(s): Angela Tsuang, Nikhil R. Menon, Natasha Bahri, Lawrence S. Geyman, Anna Nowak-Węgrzyn
BackgroundFood-related anaphylactic reactions may require treatment with more than one dose of epinephrine. Current guidelines advise patients at risk of anaphylaxis to carry two epinephrine autoinjectors.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to determine risk factors of multiple dose epinephrine treatment in pediatric food-related anaphylaxis.MethodsParents of children with physician-confirmed diagnosis of food allergy were administered a standardized questionnaire at the time of their clinic visit. These patients were then followed-up prospectively by phone.ResultsSix hundred forty-two subjects had allergic reactions. Twentysix percent of patients reported at least one reaction treated with epinephrine for a total of 221 reactions. Among reactions treated with epinephrine, twenty-four reactions (11%) received two or more doses of epinephrine. The most common triggers were milk (30%) and peanut (18%). Milk-triggered allergic reactions (odds ratio (OR) 3.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2-8.4) and treatment with oxygen (OR 5.0, 95% CI 2.0- 12.4) were significant risk factors for requiring multiple doses of epinephrine to treat an allergic reaction.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that treatment of anaphylaxis may require more than one epinephrine injection. Reactions triggered by milk or requiring treatment with oxygen are at higher risk for needing more than one dose of epinephrine. Families of food-allergic children should be counseled on the importance of carrying two epinephrine auto-injectors.



https://ift.tt/2lyRSHP

LSECs express functional NOD1 receptors: A role for NOD1 in LSEC maturation-induced T cell immunity in vitro

Publication date: September 2018
Source:Molecular Immunology, Volume 101
Author(s): Shunmei Huang, Jun Wu, Xiaoyan Gao, Shi Zou, Liwen Chen, Xilang Yang, Chan Sun, Yanqin Du, Bin Zhu, Jia Li, Xuecheng Yang, Xuemei Feng, Chunchen Wu, Chunwei Shi, Baoju Wang, Yinping Lu, Jia Liu, Xin Zheng, Feili Gong, Mengji Lu, Dongliang Yang
Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) are organ resident APCs capable of antigen presentation and subsequent tolerization of T cells under physiological conditions. In this study, we investigated whether LSEC pretreatment with NOD-like receptor (NLR) agonists can switch the cells from a tolerogenic to an immunogenic state and promote the development of T cell immunity. LSECs constitutively express NOD1, NOD2 and RIPK2. Stimulation of LSECs with DAP induced the activation of NF-κB and MAP kinases and upregulated the expression of chemokines (CXCL2/9, CCL2/7/8) and cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-2). Pretreatment of LSECs with DAP induced significantly increased IFN-γ and IL-2-production by HBV-stimulated CD8⁺ T cells primed by DAP-treated LSECs. Consistently, a significant reduction in the HBV DNA and HBsAg level occurred in mice receiving T cells primed by DAP-treated LSECs. MDP stimulation had no impact on LSECs or HBV-stimulated CD8⁺ T cells primed with MDP-treated LSECs except for the upregulation of PD-L1. DAP stimulation in vitro could promote LSEC maturation and activate HBV-specific T cell responses. These results are of particular relevance for the regulation of the local innate immune response against HBV infections.



https://ift.tt/2MQ5YkB

The structural basis for filovirus neutralization by monoclonal antibodies

Liam B King | Brandyn R West | Sharon L Schendel | Erica Ollmann Saphire

https://ift.tt/2KfK4ZH

Relationship between mold exposure, specific IgE sensitization and clinical asthma: a case-control study

Mold sensitizations have been repeatedly reported for their association with exacerbations of asthma symptoms and disease severity. In 1999, Neukirch et al. showed that sensitization to A. alternata was associated with severe asthma.1 These findings were later confirmed in the European Community Respiratory Health survey which showed that the frequency of sensitization to A. alternata and/or C. herbarum was significantly associated with asthma severity.2 Previous studies also suggested a link between sensitization to A.

https://ift.tt/2MQx3o1