Publication date: Available online 21 June 2017
Source:Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie
Author(s): S. Nguyen, D. Ouvrier, D. Massalou, P. Viau, A. Chevallier, S. Patouraux, T. Passeron, J.-P. Lacour, H. Montaudié
IntroductionLes lymphœdèmes primaires sont liés à des anomalies constitutionnelles du système lymphatique. Les formes secondaires surviennent après des lésions du système lymphatique, essentiellement après des traitements de cancers ou par compression extrinsèque, notamment ganglionnaire. Il existe aussi de multiples autres causes, dont la filariose qui reste toutefois exceptionnelle en France.ObservationUn homme de 52 ans, en excellent état général, consultait pour une augmentation de volume du membre inférieur gauche apparue deux mois plus tôt. L'aspect clinique était celui d'un lymphœdème ferme, ne prenant pas le godet, avec présence d'un signe de Stemmer, associé à une hydrocèle homolatérale, sans adénopathie loco-régionale palpable. Le bilan initial approfondi, biologique et par imagerie, était sans particularité. Une lymphoscintigraphie révélait une hypofixation du membre inférieur gauche. La symptomatologie ne cessait de s'aggraver, avec majoration et bilatéralisation du lymphœdème. Deux mois plus tard, on notait l'apparition d'adénopathies axillaires en rapport avec des métastases d'une linite gastrique. Malgré deux lignes de chimiothérapie, le patient décédait huit mois plus tard des suites d'une évolution poly-métastatique.DiscussionNotre observation est originale du fait de l'absence de mécanisme compressif à l'origine du lymphœdème, signe révélateur d'un cancer gastrique. En l'absence de processus compressif, le mécanisme pourrait être la présence de micro-métastases endo-lymphatiques. Un lymphœdème acquis des membres inférieurs doit être reconnu comme un possible signe précurseur et précoce de cancer, en particulier de carcinome gastrique, et doit mener à des explorations approfondies.BackgroundPrimary lymphedemas are constitutional abnormalities of the lymphatic system. Secondary lymphedemas occur after damage to the lymphatic system, mainly after cancer treatments or tumour mass compression. There are many other causes, including filariasis, which is nonetheless very rare in France.Patients and methodsA 52-year-old man presented with a two-month history of increased size of the left leg. He was asymptomatic and in good general condition. Clinical examination revealed non-pitting lymphedema and ipsilateral hydrocele without loco-regional compressive lymph node. Initial extensive explorations were unremarkable. Lymphoscintigraphy revealed low tracer fixation in the left leg. The symptoms continued to worsen, with exacerbation and bilateralization of the lymphedema. Two months later, axillary lymph nodes appeared corresponding to metastasis from a signet-ring cell carcinoma. Despite two lines of chemotherapy, the patient died 8 months later due to multiple metastatic disease.DiscussionOur case is remarkable because the lymphedema was not related to extrinsic compression and was the first symptom of gastric cancer. In the absence of compression, endo-lymphatic micro-metastases could constitute the causative process. Acquired lymphedema of the lower limbs must be recognized as a potential early symptom of gastric carcinoma and should therefore prompt further investigations.
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Πέμπτη 22 Ιουνίου 2017
Lymphœdème des membres inférieurs révélant une linite gastrique
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