Die immunologische Forschung hat in den letzten 2 Jahrzehnten enorme Fortschritte gemacht, die auch fur die oberen Atemwege von gro ss er Bedeutung sind. Unser Verstandnis zur Pathophysiologie der chronischen Rhinosinusitis hat sich damit von eher mechanistischen Betrachtungen bzgl. Engstellen und mukoziliarem Transport zu einer neuen sehr komplexen immunologischen Sichtweise entwickelt. Wir differenzieren heute mehrerer Entzundungsformen, wir beginnen komplexe Netzwerke aus immunologischen Faktoren und die Grunde einer Fehlregulation zu verstehen, und haben daraus bereits erste innovative Therapieansatze entwickelt, die v.a. den am schwersten betroffenen Patienten zugutekommen konnen. Durch die neuen Erkenntnisse zu Entzundungsformen und Gewebeumbau und vor allem die Identifikation der Schlusselfaktoren ergeben sich Konsequenzen fur die Diagnostik und die Therapie der chronischen Rhinosinusitis; die Einteilung in Endotypen entsprechend den die Erkrankung treibenden Entzundungsmediatoren ist unabdingbar fur einen sinnvollen Einsatz der innovativen Arzneimittel, meist in Form von humanisierten monoklonalen Antikorpern. Mehrere hundert solcher Antikorper sind derzeit in verschiedenen Indikationen bereits im Einsatz oder in Entwicklung und werden unser Fach ebenso wie z.B. die Pneumologie entscheidend beeinflussen.
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Παρασκευή 16 Ιουνίου 2017
Pathophysiologie der chronischen Rhinosinusitis, konservative Therapieoptionen
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