Recognition of the peripheral airway impairment phenotype in well controlled asthmatic children

Although current National Asthma Education and Prevention Program (NAEPP) asthma guidelines1 have proven effective, a considerable number of children2 and adults3 experience poor asthma control. The peripheral airways defined as distal to the 7th or 8th generation of the tracheobronchial tree, with an intra-luminal diameter of < 2 mm4 are major sites of airway impairment including airway obstruction5 and inflammation6 in persistent asthma. Overall estimates determined peripheral impairment affects at least 50 percent of adults7, and children8 with persistent asthma.

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