The Microbiome in Asthma: Role in pathogenesis, phenotype, and response to treatment

Asthma was first described by Hippocrates as a disease of breathlessness, potentially caused by emotional distress1. The 17th century writings of Sir John Floyer describe bronchial constriction and the concepts of attacks and triggers2. In the 20th century, mounting evidence led to the characterization of asthma as an inflammatory condition2. Asthma symptoms were recognized as narrowing of the airways with distinctive sputum and swelling of the bronchial mucous membranes, triggered by a variety of circumstances or exposures that stimulate immune cells2.

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