The 2D axial transverse views of the fetal face: A new technique to visualize the fetal hard palate; methodology description and feasibility.

Abstract

Objectives

To describe the methodology and to assess the feasibility of a simple 2D ultrasound technique to visualize the fetal hard palate (FHP) using a strict axial transverse view (ATV).

Methods

Prospective cohort of 100 singleton pregnancies, screened routinely during second trimester scans. Three operators imaged the FHP through a strict 2D ATV according to a simple methodology. An expert sonographer reviewed all images and palate normality was confirmed at birth. Univariate and multivariate analysis of factors modifying the ability to assess the palate were performed.

Results

Feasibility of imaging the FHP was obtained in 95% of cases with no difference between the operators (p=0.7). The palate was visualized directly without fetal mobilization in 46%. An earlier gestational age at scanning, a prolonged duration of the scan, fetal back positioned anteriorly, fetal head flexed, a smaller amniotic pocket and an unmoving fetal limb significantly reduced the feasibility. All failed attempts were in fetuses with their back located in anterior and in those with a deflexed head. Multivariate analysis did not converge due to the collinearity of most parameters.

Conclusions

The ATV is an easy, simple and accessible 2D method to visualize the FHP with no additional time.

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