Cortical Circuit Dysfunction as a Potential Driver of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Front Neurosci. 2020;14:363 Authors: Brunet A, Stuart-Lopez G, Burg T, Scekic-Zahirovic J, Rouaux C Abstract Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease that affects selected cortical and spinal neuronal populations, leading to progressive paralysis and death. A growing body of evidences suggests that the disease may originate in the...
Sat May 16, 2020 13:23
Neurohybrid Memristive CMOS-Integrated Systems for Biosensors and Neuroprosthetics. Front Neurosci. 2020;14:358 Authors: Mikhaylov A, Pimashkin A, Pigareva Y, Gerasimova S, Gryaznov E, Shchanikov S, Zuev A, Talanov M, Lavrov I, Demin V, Erokhin V, Lobov S, Mukhina I, Kazantsev V, Wu H, Spagnolo B Abstract Here we provide a perspective concept of neurohybrid memristive chip based on the combination of living neural networks cultivated in microfluidic/microelectrode...
Sat May 16, 2020 13:23
Alterations of the Motor and Olfactory Functions Related to Parkinson's Disease in Transgenic Mice With a VMAT2-Deficiency in Dopaminergic Neurons. Front Neurosci. 2020;14:356 Authors: Jiang S, Berger S, Hu Y, Bartsch D, Tian Y Abstract Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases, with approximately six million people affected worldwide. Vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) dysfunction has recently become a hot...
Sat May 16, 2020 13:23
RAGE Silencing Ameliorates Neuroinflammation by Inhibition of p38-NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurosci. 2020;14:353 Authors: Wang X, Sun X, Niu M, Zhang X, Wang J, Zhou C, Xie A Abstract Accumulating evidence suggested that neuroinflammation played a crucial role in dopaminergic neuronal death in Parkinson's disease (PD). The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), a multi-ligand receptor of the immunoglobulin...
Sat May 16, 2020 13:23
Toward the Understanding of Topographical and Spectral Signatures of Infant Movement Artifacts in Naturalistic EEG. Front Neurosci. 2020;14:352 Authors: Georgieva S, Lester S, Noreika V, Yilmaz MN, Wass S, Leong V Abstract Electroencephalography (EEG) is perhaps the most widely used brain-imaging technique for pediatric populations. However, EEG signals are prone to distortion by motion. Compared to adults, infants' motion is both more frequent and less...
Sat May 16, 2020 13:23
3D-BoxSup: Positive-Unlabeled Learning of Brain Tumor Segmentation Networks From 3D Bounding Boxes. Front Neurosci. 2020;14:350 Authors: Xu Y, Gong M, Chen J, Chen Z, Batmanghelich K Abstract Accurate segmentation is an essential task when working with medical images. Recently, deep convolutional neural networks achieved a state-of-the-art performance for many segmentation benchmarks. Regardless of the network architecture, the deep learning-based segmentation...
Sat May 16, 2020 13:23
An Augmented-Reality fNIRS-Based Brain-Computer Interface: A Proof-of-Concept Study. Front Neurosci. 2020;14:346 Authors: Benitez-Andonegui A, Burden R, Benning R, Möckel R, Lührs M, Sorger B Abstract Augmented reality (AR) enhances the user's environment by projecting virtual objects into the real world in real-time. Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are systems that enable users to control external devices with their brain signals. BCIs can exploit...
Sat May 16, 2020 13:23
Noise Helps Optimization Escape From Saddle Points in the Synaptic Plasticity. Front Neurosci. 2020;14:343 Authors: Fang Y, Yu Z, Chen F Abstract Numerous experimental studies suggest that noise is inherent in the human brain. However, the functional importance of noise remains unknown. n particular, from a computational perspective, such stochasticity is potentially harmful to brain function. In machine learning, a large number of saddle points are...
Sat May 16, 2020 13:23
Neurovascular Unit Dysfunction and Neurodegenerative Disorders. Front Neurosci. 2020;14:334 Authors: Yu X, Ji C, Shao A Abstract The neurovascular unit (NVU), composed of vascular cells, glial cells, and neurons, is the minimal functional unit of the brain. The NVU maintains integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and regulates supply of the cerebral blood flow (CBF), both of which are keys to maintaining normal brain function. BBB dysfunction and...
Sat May 16, 2020 13:23
Editorial: Dynamic Functional Connectivity in Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Methods and Applications. Front Neurosci. 2020;14:332 Authors: Fu X, Liu F, Cui Z, Guo W PMID: 32410935 [PubMed]
Sat May 16, 2020 13:23
Brain Activation in Contrasts of Microexpression Following Emotional Contexts. Front Neurosci. 2020;14:329 Authors: Zhang M, Zhao K, Qu F, Li K, Fu X Abstract The recognition of microexpressions may be influenced by emotional contexts. The microexpression is recognized poorly when it follows a negative context in contrast to a neutral context. Based on the behavioral evidence, we predicted that the effect of emotional contexts might be dependent on neural...
Sat May 16, 2020 13:23
Clinical Phenotype and Inheritance in Patients With C9ORF72 Hexanucleotide Repeat Expansion: Results From a Large French Cohort. Front Neurosci. 2020;14:316 Authors: Esselin F, Mouzat K, Polge A, Juntas-Morales R, Pageot N, De la Cruz E, Bernard E, Lagrange E, Danel V, Alphandery S, Labar L, Nogué E, Picot MC, Lumbroso S, Camu W Abstract Background: In familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) cases, the presence of an abnormal C9ORF72 repeat expansion...
Sat May 16, 2020 13:23
Critical Review of Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation: Challenges for Translation to Clinical Practice. Front Neurosci. 2020;14:284 Authors: Yap JYY, Keatch C, Lambert E, Woods W, Stoddart PR, Kameneva T Abstract Several studies have illustrated that transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) can elicit therapeutic effects that are similar to those produced by its invasive counterpart, vagus nerve stimulation (VNS). VNS is an FDA-approved therapy...
Sat May 16, 2020 13:23
Exogenous Orexin-A Microinjected Into Central Nucleus of the Amygdala Modulates Feeding and Gastric Motility in Rats. Front Neurosci. 2020;14:274 Authors: Jin T, Jiang Z, Luan X, Qu Z, Guo F, Gao S, Xu L, Sun X Abstract Orexin-A is a circulating neuropeptide and neurotransmitter that regulates food intake and gastric motility. The central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA), which regulates feeding behavior and gastric function, expresses the orexin-1 receptor....
Sat May 16, 2020 13:23
Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder Using Central-Moment Features From Low- and High-Order Dynamic Resting-State Functional Connectivity Networks. Front Neurosci. 2020;14:258 Authors: Zhao F, Chen Z, Rekik I, Lee SW, Shen D Abstract The sliding-window-based dynamic functional connectivity networks (D-FCNs) derived from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) are effective methods for diagnosing various neurological diseases, including...
Sat May 16, 2020 13:23
BraTS Toolkit: Translating BraTS Brain Tumor Segmentation Algorithms Into Clinical and Scientific Practice. Front Neurosci. 2020;14:125 Authors: Kofler F, Berger C, Waldmannstetter D, Lipkova J, Ezhov I, Tetteh G, Kirschke J, Zimmer C, Wiestler B, Menze BH Abstract Despite great advances in brain tumor segmentation and clear clinical need, translation of state-of-the-art computational methods into clinical routine and scientific practice remains a major...
Sat May 16, 2020 13:23
An Exploratory Study of Students with Depression in Undergraduate Research Experiences. CBE Life Sci Educ. 2020 Jun;19(2):ar19 Authors: Cooper KM, Gin LE, Barnes ME, Brownell SE Abstract Depression is a top mental health concern among undergraduates and has been shown to disproportionately affect individuals who are underserved and underrepresented in science. As we aim to create a more inclusive scientific community, we argue that we need to examine...
Sat May 16, 2020 13:22
Entering Research Learning Assessment (ERLA): Validity Evidence for an Instrument to Measure Undergraduate and Graduate Research Trainee Development. CBE Life Sci Educ. 2020 Jun;19(2):ar18 Authors: Butz AR, Branchaw JL Abstract Expanding the scope of previous undergraduate research assessment tools, the Entering Research Learning Assessment (ERLA) measures undergraduate and graduate research trainee learning gains in the seven areas of trainee development...
Sat May 16, 2020 13:22
The Tyranny of Content: "Content Coverage" as a Barrier to Evidence-Based Teaching Approaches and Ways to Overcome It. CBE Life Sci Educ. 2020 Jun;19(2):ar17 Authors: Petersen CI, Baepler P, Beitz A, Ching P, Gorman KS, Neudauer CL, Rozaitis W, Walker JD, Wingert D Abstract Instructors have inherited a model for conscientious instruction that suggests they must cover all the material outlined in their syllabus, and yet this model frequently diverts time...
Sat May 16, 2020 13:22
Application of patient-specific simulation workflow for obstructive sleep apnea diagnosis and treatment with a mandibular advancement device. Int J Numer Method Biomed Eng. 2020 May 15;:e3350 Authors: Pugachev A, Arnold M, Burgmann S, Janoske U, Bicsák Á, Abel D, Linßen J, Bonitz L Abstract A computational fluid dynamics simulation workflow was developed to analyze the upper airway of patients with obstructive sleep apnea, which is a potentially serious...
Sat May 16, 2020 13:20
Immune Therapy Opportunities in Ovarian Cancer. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book. 2020 May;40:1-13 Authors: Kandalaft LE, Odunsi K, Coukos G Abstract Immunotherapy has emerged as a highly promising approach in the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy, PARP inhibitors (PARPis), neoantigen vaccines, and personalized T-cell therapy have been associated with encouraging clinical activity in a small subset of patients....
Sat May 16, 2020 13:18
Promising Immuno-Oncology Options for the Future: Cellular Therapies and Personalized Cancer Vaccines. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book. 2020 May;40:1-6 Authors: Solomon BJ, Beavis PA, Darcy PK Abstract A common pathway for an effective immune anticancer response involves recognition of tumor neoantigens and subsequent targeting of cancer cells by T cells. In this article, we provide an overview of the current status of two approaches to directly enhance...
Sat May 16, 2020 13:18
Before It's Too Late: Multistakeholder Perspectives on Compassionate Access to Investigational Drugs for Pediatric Patients With Cancer. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book. 2020 May;40:1-10 Authors: Gerasimov E, Donoghue M, Bilenker J, Watt T, Goodman N, Laetsch TW Abstract Patients and their families, physicians, drug companies, and regulatory agencies have common goals: to find effective therapies for life-threatening conditions. In oncology, the lines between...
Sat May 16, 2020 13:18
Recent Advances in the Management of High-Risk Localized Prostate Cancer: Local Therapy, Systemic Therapy, and Biomarkers to Guide Treatment Decisions. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book. 2020 May;40:1-12 Authors: McKay RR, Feng FY, Wang AY, Wallis CJD, Moses KA Abstract High-risk prostate cancer accounts for approximately 15% of all prostate cancer diagnoses. Patients with high-risk disease have an increased risk of developing biochemical recurrence, metastases,...
Sat May 16, 2020 13:18
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized as highly contagious and deadly; however there is no credible and convenient biomarker to predict the severity of the disease. The aim of the present st...
Fri May 15, 2020 03:00
Abstract Shwachman‐Diamond syndrome characterized by metaphyseal dysplasia, pancreatic insufficiency, and pancytopenia is caused by biallelic mutations in SBDS. Gene conversion between SBDS and its pseudogene SBDSP1 is the major cause. Here, we report two unrelated patients with Shwachman‐Diamond syndrome who were shown to be compound heterozygotes for relatively frequent pathogenic alleles (the 258+2T>C allele and another allele composed of 183‐184TA>CT and 201A>G) using an established...
Fri May 15, 2020 15:24
Fri May 15, 2020 15:09
Abstract Sotos syndrome is a widely studied overgrowth syndrome. Clinical presentation includes excessive growth during childhood, macrocephaly, learning difficulties of various degrees, variable minor features, and distinctive facial gestalt. We provide in this report the first phenotypic and growth description of Sotos syndrome in a patient from Central Africa. At 6 month the patient exhibited axial hypotonia, delayed speech development and dysmorphism including long face, sparse eyebrows, hypertelorism,...
Thu May 14, 2020 13:34
Summary Although excessive daytime sleepiness is commonly evaluated in clinical and research settings using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, few studies have assessed the factors associated with its incidence in the general population. We prospectively investigated the predictors of incident and persistent excessive daytime sleepiness in 2,751 subjects (46.1% men, mean age 56.0 ± 9.8 years) from the CoLaus‐PsyCoLaus population‐based cohort (Lausanne, Switzerland) over 5 years. Participants completed...
Fri May 15, 2020 15:04
Abstract Americans are increasingly consuming pharmaceuticals that although effective in treating their focal indication, include insomnia as a side effect. Regardless, no studies have documented trends in the concurrent use of these medications and their implications for insomnia among community‐dwelling adults. Using a nationally representative sample of US adults from the 1999–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), this study shows that the concurrent use of medications...
Fri May 15, 2020 11:27
Abstract Italy is one of the major COVID‐19 hotspots. To reduce the spread of the infections and the pressure on Italian healthcare systems, since March 10, 2020, Italy has been under a total lockdown, forcing people into home confinement. Here we present data from 1,310 people living in the Italian territory (M age = 23.91 ± 3.60 years, 880 females, 501 workers, 809 university students), who completed an online survey from March 24 to March 28, 2020. In the survey, we asked participants to think...
Fri May 15, 2020 12:04
Summary The publication of “The Sleep Apnea Syndromes” by Guilleminault et al. in the 1970s hallmarked the discovery of a new disease entity involving serious health consequences. Obstructive sleep apnea was shown to be the most important disorder among the sleep apnea syndromes (SAS). In the course of time, it was found that the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea reached the proportions of a global epidemic, with a major impact on public health, safety and the economy. Early on, a metric was...
Thu May 14, 2020 16:49
Abstract This study aimed to investigate zolpidem overutilisation among Korean patients with insomnia. We analysed the National Patient Sample (NPS) data compiled by the Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service (HIRA‐NPS) in 2016. Zolpidem overutilisation was defined as when a patient used zolpidem for longer than 30 consecutive days and prescriptions overlapped with more than 10% of total prescription periods. Demographic and clinical factors associated with the overutilisation of zolpidem...
Thu May 14, 2020 15:28
Abstract The extant literature has suggested relationships between an individual's chronotype (in relation to morningness/eveningness) and several outcomes, including addictive disorders, psychological distress and daytime sleepiness. Moreover, sleep quality has been proposed to be a mediator in the aforementioned relationships. Consequently, the aim of the present study was to investigate the complex relationship between morningness/eveningness, problematic social media use, psychological distress...
Thu May 14, 2020 15:12
Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery, Ahead of Print.
Fri May 15, 2020 07:36
Abstract UBE2A deficiency, that is, intellectual disability (ID) Nascimento type (MIM 300860), is an X‐linked syndrome characterized by developmental delay, moderate to severe ID, seizures, dysmorphisms, skin anomalies, and urogenital malformations. Forty affected subjects have been reported thus far, with 31 cases having intragenic UBE2A variants. Here, we report on additional eight affected subjects from seven unrelated families who were found to be hemizygous for previously unreported UBE2A...
Fri May 15, 2020 18:59
Abstract The genetic diagnosis of congenital heart defects (CHDs) is challenging because of genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity. The aim of our study was to evaluate the clinical value of whole exome sequencing (WES) in the prenatal diagnosis of CHDs in a large cohort. Trio‐based WES was performed in 260 fetuses with CHDs negative for karyotype and chromosome microarray analysis results. WES produced a diagnostic yield of 10% (26/260) in the entire cohort. Relative high diagnostic rate was...
Thu May 14, 2020 20:20
Development of cognitive decline represents substantial issues in today’s society, steadily gaining importance with increasing life expectancy. One potential approach to preventing cognitive decline is to lowe...
Fri May 15, 2020 03:00
Fri May 15, 2020 19:34
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