Abstract MYCN gene amplification is consistently associated with poor prognosis in patients with neuroblastoma, a pediatric tumor arising from the sympathetic nervous system. Conventional anticancer drugs, such as alkylating agents and platinum compounds, have been used for the treatment of high‐risk patients with MYCN‐amplified neuroblastoma, whereas molecule‐targeting drugs have not yet been approved. Therefore, the development of a safe and effective therapeutic approach is highly desired. Although...
Sat May 16, 2020 17:41
Abstract As the core element of material and energy metabolism pathways, the biological functions and prognostic significance of ATP metabolism have so far remained unclear in diffuse gliomas. Here, we found that ATP metabolism‐related genes could divide patients into two robust groups with distinct clinical characteristics and prognosis. Base on comprehensive analysis of ATP metabolism‐related genes expression profile, we constructed an ATP metabolism‐related risk signature to determine the role...
Sat May 16, 2020 17:41
Abstract HER4 isoforms have oncogenic or tumor suppressor functions depending on their susceptibility to proteolytic cleavage and HER4 Intracellular Domain (4ICD) translocation. Here, we report that the NRG1 tumor suppressor mechanism through the HER4 JMa/CYT1 isoform can be mimicked by the agonist anti‐HER4 antibody C6. NRG1 induced cleavage of poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) and sub‐G1 DNA fragmentation, and also reduced the metabolic activity of HER3‐negative/HER4‐positive cervical (C‐33A)...
Sat May 16, 2020 17:23
Abstract Secondary lymphedema often develops after cancer surgery, and over 250 million patients suffer from this complication. A major symptom of secondary lymphedema is swelling with fibrosis, which lowers the patient’s quality of life, even if cancer does not recur. Nonetheless, the pathophysiology of secondary lymphedema remains unclear, with therapeutic approaches limited to physical or surgical therapy. There is no effective pharmacological therapy for secondary lymphedema. Notably, the lack...
Fri May 15, 2020 13:25
Abstract Dietary factors may affect the prognosis of digestive tract cancer, but evidence has been sparse. Focusing on Japanese diet, we investigated the association between pretreatment intake of six Japanese foods (including soy food, miso (soybean paste) soup and seaweed) and the risk of death among patients with histologically confirmed major digestive tract cancers (stomach, 1931; colon, 793; rectum, 510) diagnosed during 1997‐2013 at a single institution in Japan. Pretreatment dietary intake...
Fri May 15, 2020 13:23
The glycopeptidase GCP and its homologue proteins are conserved and essential for survival of bacteria. The ygjD gene (Glycopeptidase homologue) was cloned from Vibrio harveyi strain SF-1. The gene consisted of 1,017 bp, which encodes a 338 amino acid polypeptide. The nucleotide sequence similarity of the ygjD gene with that of V. harveyi FDAARGOS 107 was 95%. The ygjD gene also showed similarities of 68%, 67% and 50% with those of Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus. The ygjD...
Mon May 18, 2020 03:00
Wetland ecosystems have been globally degraded and lost due to rapid urbanization and climate change. An assessment of national scale inventory, including wetland types and conditions, is urgently required to understand the big picture of endangered wetlands, such as where they are and how they look like. We analyzed the spatial patterns of each inland wetland type (brackish wetland was included) in South Korea and the relative importance of land cover categories on wetland conditions. The wetlands...
Mon May 18, 2020 03:00
Background In the last decades, Italy as well as other developed countries have registered a decrease in the population size of many local horse breeds. The continuous crossbreeding has determined the dilution of genetic heritage of several native breeds. The Italian Heavy Draught Horse (IHD) is the only autochthonous Italian coldblooded horse among these breeds; therefore, it represents a resource to be preserved. In 1927, the first generation of this breed was officially created...
Fri May 15, 2020 03:00
Despite evidence from anatomy, behavior and genomics indicating that the sense of smell in turtles is important, our understanding of chemical communication in this group is still rudimentary. Our aim was to describe the microanatomy of mental glands (MGs) in a freshwater turtle, Mauremys leprosa (Geoemydidae), and to assess the chemical composition of their secretions with respect to variation among individuals and between sexes. MGs are paired sac-like organs on the gular region of the neck and...
Fri May 15, 2020 03:00
Background “Quantile-dependent expressivity” refers to a genetic effect that is dependent upon whether the phenotype (e.g., spirometric data) is high or low relative to its population distribution. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), and the FEV1/FVC ratio are moderately heritable spirometric traits. The aim of the analyses is to test whether their heritability (h2) is constant over all quantiles of their distribution. ...
Fri May 15, 2020 03:00
Galeaspids are an endemic clade of jawless stem-gnathostomes known as ostracoderms. Their existence illuminates how specific characteristics developed in jawed vertebrates. Sinogaleaspids are of particular interest among the galeaspids but their monophyly is controversial because little is known about Sinogaleaspis xikengensis. Newly discovered sinogaleaspids from the Lower Silurian of Jiangxi, China provide a wealth of data and diagnostic features used to establish the new genus, Rumporostralis...
Fri May 15, 2020 03:00
Melanin is the main pigment of human skin, playing the primary role of protection from ultraviolet radiation. Alteration of the melanin production may lead to hyperpigmentation diseases, with both aesthetic and health consequences. Thus, suppressors of melanogenesis are considered useful tools for medical and cosmetic treatments. A great interest is focused on natural sources, aimed at finding safe and quantitatively available depigmenting substances. Lichens are thought to be possible sources of...
Fri May 15, 2020 03:00
The purpose of our research was to compare how participants weighed age, gender, race, and career categories in recognizing and grouping tasks. In Study 1, we used a category recognition task to compare participants’ speeds in recognizing information from different categories. The results showed that participants recognized the gender information most quickly, followed by career, race, and age information. In Study 2, a categorization task was used to compare participants’ category preferences. The...
Fri May 15, 2020 03:00
Aim This study has three broad aims: to (a) develop genus-specific primers for High Resolution Melt analysis (HRM) of members of Cyclopia Vent., (b) test the haplotype discrimination of HRM compared to Sanger sequencing, and (c) provide an example of using HRM to detect novel haplotype variation in wild C. subternata Vogel. populations. Location The Cape Floristic Region (CFR), located along the southern Cape of South Africa....
Fri May 15, 2020 03:00
Breast cancer is a disease with high heterogeneity. Cancer is not usually caused by a single gene, but by multiple genes and their interactions with others and surroundings. Estimating breast cancer-specific gene–gene interaction networks is critical to elucidate the mechanisms of breast cancer from a biological network perspective. In this study, sample-specific gene–gene interaction networks of breast cancer samples were established by using a sample-specific network analysis method based on gene...
Fri May 15, 2020 03:00
Background Low back pain (LBP) is considered the most common work-related musculoskeletal disorder among female healthcare workers. The aim of this study is to compare the prevalence of LBP and non-ergonomic risk factors between female nurses, office workers, and patient transporters, and the effect of pain on job performance. Methods Based on semi-structured interviews, we conducted a cross-sectional study on Jordanian female hospital workers between January and July, 2017. Results We...
Fri May 15, 2020 03:00
Objective Intrathecal inflammation correlates with the grey matter damage since the early stages of Multiple Sclerosis (MS), but whether the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) profile can help to identify patients at risk of disease activity is still unclear. Methods We evaluated the association between CSF levels of 18 cytokines, previously found to be associated to grey matter damage, and the disease activity, among 99 relapsing‐remitting MS patients, who underwent blinded clinical and 3T‐MRI evaluations...
Sun May 17, 2020 12:49
Objective We sought to examine the diagnostic utility of existing predictors of any haemorrhagic transformation (HT) and compare them to novel perfusion imaging permeability measures in ischemic stroke patients receiving alteplase only. Methods A pixel‐based analysis of pre‐treatment CT perfusion (CTP) was undertaken to define the optimum CTP permeability thresholds to predict the likelihood of HT. We then compared previously proposed predictors of HT using regression analyses and receiver...
Sun May 17, 2020 12:31
Covid‐19 infection has the potential for targeting the central nervous system and several neurological symptoms have been described in patients with severe respiratory distress. Here we described the case of a 60‐year old subject with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection but only mild respiratory abnormalities who developed an akinetic mutism due to encephalitis. MRI was negative whereas EEG showed generalized theta slowing. CSF analyses during the acute stage were negative for SARS‐CoV‐2, positive for pleocytosis...
Sun May 17, 2020 12:09
Objective Myotonia is caused by involuntary firing of skeletal muscle action potentials and causes debilitating stiffness. Current treatments are insufficiently efficacious and associated with side effects. Myotonia can be triggered by voluntary movement (electrically‐induced myotonia) or percussion (mechanically‐induced myotonia). Whether distinct molecular mechanisms underlie these triggers is unknown. Our goal was to identify ion channels involved in mechanically‐induced myotonia and to evaluate...
Sun May 17, 2020 11:43
Objective This study addresses a very important problem in Neurology, distinguishing tremor and ataxia using quantitative methods. Specifically, we aimed to quantitatively separate dysmetria, a cardinal sign of ataxia, from tremor in Essential Tremor (ET). Methods In experiment 1, we compared nineteen participants diagnosed with ET undergoing thalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS; ETDBS) to 19 healthy controls (HC). We quantified tremor during postural tasks using accelerometry and dysmetria...
Sun May 17, 2020 11:14
Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic is affecting people at any age with a more severe course in patients with chronic diseases or comorbidities, males and elderly patients. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) initially proposed that patients with chronic lung diseases, including moderate‐severe asthma, and allergy may have a higher risk of developing severe COVID‐19 than otherwise healthy people (https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/specific-groups/asthma.html).
Sun May 17, 2020 16:09
Abstract Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a group of rare disorders characterized by persistently elevated eosinophil count and eosinophil‐mediated organ damage. The most frequent symptoms are cutaneous (e.g. urticaria, angioedema) and respiratory (e.g. asthma, sinusitis)1. HES can further cause gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, neurologic, and hematologic involvement, with cardiac manifestations having the most significant implications in terms of morbidity and mortality2. While population‐based...
Sat May 16, 2020 12:56
Abstract Background Obesity associated with various complications has increased worldwide. Body weight gain alters lipid metabolites (especially sphingolipids) contributing to obesity‐induced inflammation. However, the significance of the metabolites in the development of obese asthma is not yet clear. Methods The serum levels of sphingolipids were measured using liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry in obese controls (n = 7) and patients with asthma: the obese group (BMI >...
Sat May 16, 2020 12:54
Thu May 14, 2020 11:59
ABSTRACT Objective We investigated the relationship amongst the oral mucosal bacterial community, clinical severity and inflammatory markers in the two most common immune‐mediated oral mucosal diseases, namely recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) and oral lichen planus (LP). Methods Patients with RAS (n=15), LP (n=18) and healthy controls (n=13) were recruited using criteria to reduce the effect of factors that influence the microbiota structure independently of oral mucosal disease. Clinical...
Sun May 17, 2020 20:41
Abstract Objective Most malignant tumors require remodeling extracellular matrices (ECMs) for invasive growth and metastasis. Cancer cells and stromal cells remodel ECM. We investigated the relationship between regional lymph node (LN) metastasis and expression of ECM remodeling factors in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Methods Using primary OSCC and cervical LNs obtained surgically, we performed immunohistochemical evaluation of the ECM remodeling factors, LOX, MT1‐MMP, S100A8, and...
Sun May 17, 2020 20:34
Abstract Objective Radiotherapy‐induced xerostomia (RIX) is one of the most common adverse effects of radiotherapy to the head and neck, and a major determinant of survivors’ quality of life. A number of patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) have been used in clinical trials of therapeutic interventions for RIX; however, little is known regarding their measurement properties and methodological quality. Methods We conducted a systematic literature search in Embase, Medline and PsycINFO...
Sun May 17, 2020 13:14
Abstract Background This study was conducted to investigate the biological factors underlying the association between pulp necrosis (PN) in subjects with permanent teeth with intact crowns and sickle cell anemia (SCA). Methods This cohort study included 140 subjects: 125 without PN and 15 with PN. A theoretical model was built to explore the following biological factors involved in the association between PN and SCA, namely, (1) increased number of sickle cell crises in the previous year...
Fri May 15, 2020 19:54
PD‐L1 in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue shows gender‐specific association with prognosis
Abstract Objective To use alternative quantitation approaches to clarify the clinical implication of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue (SCCOT). Materials and Methods Ventana SP263 immunohistochemistry assay and a multiplicative QuickScore method were applied to quantify PD‐L1 in tumor and surrounding immune cells from 101 patients with SCCOT. Tumor‐infiltrating immune cells were estimated from bulk tissue transcriptional profiles of 25...
Thu May 14, 2020 15:15
Abstract Image‐based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a powerful tool to study cardiovascular flows while 2D echocardiography (echo) is the most widely used noninvasive imaging modality for the diagnosis of heart disease. Here, echo is combined with CFD, i.e., an echo‐CFD framework, to study ventricular flows. To achieve this, the previous 3D reconstruction from multiple 2D echo at standard cross‐sections is extended by: 1) reconstructing aortic and mitral valves from 2D echo and closing the...
Mon May 18, 2020 11:22
Abstract Cardiovascular simulations are increasingly used for non‐invasive diagnosis of cardiovascular disease, to guide treatment decisions, and in the design of medical devices. Quantitative assessment of the variability of simulation outputs due to input uncertainty is a key step toward further integration of cardiovascular simulations in the clinical workflow. In this study, we present uncertainty quantification in computational models of the coronary circulation to investigate the effect of...
Sun May 17, 2020 21:39
Abstract A computational fluid dynamics simulation workflow was developed to analyze the upper airway of patients with obstructive sleep apnea, which is a potentially serious sleep‐related breathing disorder. A single characteristic parameter was introduced to assess the severity of sleep apnea on the basis of the numerical results. Additionally, a fluid‐structure interaction simulation was applied to study in detail the behavior of compliant pharyngeal walls. An experimental setup was designed...
Fri May 15, 2020 17:54
Abstract Background Interleukin‐7 (IL‐7) is the most important cytokine for T cell homeostasis. IL‐7 signals through the IL‐7 receptor (IL‐7R) which is composed of an alpha chain (IL‐7Rα), also called CD127 and a common gamma chain. T lymphocytes, especially T helper type 2, play a crucial role in the pathobiology of allergic asthma. Objective To study the effects of an anti‐CD127 monoclonal antibody (mAb) in a murine model of allergic airway inflammation induced by house dust mite (HDM)....
Sun May 17, 2020 21:08
Abstract Background Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is considered an autoimmune disorder in 50% of cases at least, in which T and mast cell mediators are considered to be the primary cause of symptoms. However, H1‐antihistamines, cyclosporine A and omalizumab fail to achieve complete symptom amelioration in up to 70% of patients. This suggests that other inflammatory pathways are involved and that additional and more effective treatments need to be developed. Objective This preliminary...
Fri May 15, 2020 14:59
Nanostructure engineering is widely acknowledged as an efficient approach to improve the electrochemical performance of materials, and more rational nanostructured materials design can be identified with the assistance of in situ characterization techniques. Herein, we combine novel nanostructure design and in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation to demonstrate Sb‐based nanofibers composed of bunched yolk‐shell building units as a significantly improved anode for potassium‐ion...
Sun May 17, 2020 20:16
The low actual specific capacity, high overpotentials, and poor rate capability due to sluggish kinetics of carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CDRR) and evolution reaction (CDER) hinder practical application of the Li‐CO2 batteries. Herein, for the first time, we report a photo‐induced flexible Li‐CO2 battery with well‐designed, hierarchical porous, and free‐standing In2S3 @CNT/SS (ICS) as a bifunctional photoelectrode to accelerate both CDRR and CDER. The photo‐induced Li‐CO2 battery has achieved...
Sun May 17, 2020 20:15
Poly(2‐vinylnaphthalene) was synthesized in the solid‐state by ball milling a mixture of the corresponding monomer, a Cu‐based catalyst, and an activated haloalkane as the polymerization initiator. Various reaction conditions, including milling time, added reductant to accelerate the polymerization, and milling frequency were optimized. Monomer conversion and polymer molecular weight evolution were monitored over time using 1H NMR spectroscopy and size exclusion chromatography, respectively, and...
Sun May 17, 2020 20:11
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