Differential effects of inhibitors of the PI3K/mTOR pathway on the expansion and functionality of regulatory T cells

Publication date: Available online 14 May 2016
Source:Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Charlotte M. Huijts, Saskia J. Santegoets, Maria Quiles del Rey, Richard R. de Haas, Henk M. Verheul, Tanja D. de Gruijl, Hans J. van der Vliet
The PI3K/mTOR pathway is commonly deregulated in cancer. mTOR inhibitors are registered for the treatment of several solid tumors and novel inhibitors are explored clinically. Notably, this pathway also plays an important role in immunoregulation. While mTOR inhibitors block cell cycle progression of conventional T cells (Tconv), they also result in the expansion of CD4⁺CD25^hiFOXP3⁺ regulatory T cells (Tregs), and this likely limits their clinical antitumor efficacy. Here, we compared the effects of dual mTOR/PI3K inhibition (using BEZ235) to single PI3K (using BKM120) or mTOR inhibition (using rapamycin and everolimus) on Treg expansion and functionality. Whereas rapamycin, everolimus and BEZ235 effected a relative expansion benefit for Tregs and increased their overall suppressive activity, BKM120 allowed for similar expansion rates of Tregs and Tconv without altering their overall suppressive activity. Therefore, PI3K inhibition alone might offer antitumor efficacy without the detrimental selective expansion of Tregs associated with mTOR inhibition.



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Molecular composition of GAG-collagen I multilayers affects remodeling of terminal layers and osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells

Publication date: Available online 14 May 2016
Source:Acta Biomaterialia
Author(s): Mingyan Zhao, George Altankov, Urszula Grabiec, Mark Bennett, Manuel Salmeron-Sanchez, Faramarz Dehghani, Thomas Groth
The effect of molecular composition of multilayers, by pairing type I collagen (Col I) with either hyaluronic acid (HA) or chondroitin sulfate (CS) was studied regarding the osteogenic differentiation of adhering human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs). Polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) formation was based primarily on ion pairing and on additional intrinsic cross-linking through imine bond formation with Col I replacing native by oxidized HA (oHA) or CS (oCS). Significant amounts of Col I fibrils were found on both native and oxidized CS-based PEMs, resulting in higher water contact angles and surface potential under physiological condition, while much less organized Col I was detected in either HA-based multilayers, which were more hydrophilic and negatively charged. An important finding was that hADSCs remodeled Col I at the terminal layers of PEMs by mechanical reorganization and pericellular proteolytic degradation, being more pronounced on CS-based PEMs. This was in accordance with the higher quantity of Col I deposition in this system, accompanied by more cell spreading, focal adhesions (FA) formation and significant α2β1 integrin recruitment compared to HA-based PEMs. Both CS-based PEMs caused also an increased fibronectin (FN) secretion and cell growth. Furthermore, significant calcium phosphate deposition, enhanced ALP, Col I and Runx2 expression were observed in hADSCs on CS-based PEMs, particularly on oCS-containing one. Overall, multilayer composition can be used to direct cell-matrix interactions, and hence stem cell fates showing for the first time that PEMs made of biogenic polyelectrolytes undergo significant remodeling of terminal protein layers, which seems to enable cells to form a more adequate extracellular matrix-like environment.Statement of SignificanceNatural polymer derived polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) have been recently applied to adjust biomaterials to meet specific tissue demands. However, the effect of molecular composition of multilayers on both surface properties and cellular response, especially the fate of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) upon osteogenic differentiation has not been studied extensively, yet. In addition, no studies exist that investigate a potential cell-dependent remodeling of PEMs made of extracellular matrix (ECM) components like collagens and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Furthermore, there is no knowledge whether the ability of cells to remodel PEM components may provide an added value regarding cell growth and differentiation. Finally, it has not been explored yet, how intrinsic cross-linking of ECM derived polyelectrolytes that improve the stability of PEMs will affect the differentiation potential of hADSCs. The current work aims to address these questions and found that the type of GAG has a strong effect on properties of multilayers and osteogenic differentiation of hADSCs. Additionally, we also show for the first time that PEMs made of biogenic polyelectrolytes undergo significant remodelling of terminal layers as completely new finding, which allows cells to form an ECM-like environment supporting differentiation upon osteogenic lineage. The finding of this work may open new avenues of application of PEM systems made by Layer by layer technique in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

Graphical abstract

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Micro-CT assessment of changes in the morphology and position of the immature mandibular canal during early growth.

Micro-CT assessment of changes in the morphology and position of the immature mandibular canal during early growth.

Surg Radiol Anat. 2016 May 13;

Authors: Hutchinson EF, Florentino G, Hoffman J, Kramer B

Abstract
PURPOSE: The mandibular canal contributes to the development and growth of the mandible, as it acts as a conduit for the growing inferior alveolar neurovascular structures. A clear understanding of the canal's pathway is, therefore, important in interpreting the growth pattern of the inferior alveolar neurovascular bundle. This study investigated the position of the mandibular canal within the body of the mandible and its general dimensions within a pediatric collection of mandibles.
METHODS: The sample included 45 mandibles and was subdivided into three: group 1 (30 gestational weeks to birth), group 2 (birth to 12 months), and group 3 (1 to 4 years). Mandibles were scanned using a Nikon XTH 225L micro-CT unit. Scanning conditions ranged between 85 kV/83 µA and 100 kV/100 µA. Measurements included: the maximum width and height of the mandibular canal and distances between the mandibular canal and the relevant surfaces of the mandible. Data analysis included an ANOVA, MANOVA, and principal component analysis.
RESULTS: The mandibular canal increased significantly in size from 30 gestational weeks to 12 months relative to the deciduous molar crypts. Postnatally, the mandibular canal increased significantly in height at the level of the second deciduous molar crypt. The canal lies closer to the buccal surface in the region of the first and second deciduous molar teeth.
CONCLUSION: The consistency in the positioning of the mandibular canal within the body of the mandible may assist in predicting the occurrence of aberrant growth patterns, particularly during the initial stages of growth.

PMID: 27177907 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Computerized analysis of the greater palatine foramen to gain the palatine neurovascular bundle during palatal surgery.

Computerized analysis of the greater palatine foramen to gain the palatine neurovascular bundle during palatal surgery.

Surg Radiol Anat. 2016 May 13;

Authors: Cagimni P, Govsa F, Ozer MA, Kazak Z

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Investigation of the computerized dimensional anatomic location of the greater palatine foramen (GPF) and lesser palatine foramens (LPF) is important indicating site to collect palatal donor tissue, reconstructioning the orofacial area of the oncology patient and applying the greater palatine nerve block anesthesia. The aim of this study is to determine a patient-friendly landmark and to specify the precise location of the GPF in order to standardise certain anatomical marks of safe neurovascular bundle.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: 120 bony palates were examined to detect the position of the GPF and the LPF related to adjacent anatomical landmarks using a computer software program. The GPF was assessed regarding the position, the diameter and the distances between each foramen and the midline maxillary suture (MMS), the inner border of alveolar ridge (AR), posterior palatal border (PBB), and incisive foramen (IF).
RESULTS: The GPF was identified as single in 81 %, double in 16 %, triple in 2 % and absent in 2 % of the specimens. The mean distances between the GPF and the MSS, the GPF and the AR, the GPF and the PPB, the GPF and the IF were 16, 4, 4, and 40 mm, respectively. In majority of the cases, the GPF was seen between the distal surfaces of the third maxillary molar (78 %). Single LPF was observed in 53.45 % of the skulls, two LPF were observed in 31 % of the skulls bilaterally and five LPF were rare in 2.1 % of the specimens. The LPF was most commonly at the junction of the palatine bone and the inner lamella of the pterygoid plate (71.9 %).
CONCLUSIONS: This study made possible to investigate the variability of the GPF and the feasibility of the greater palatine neurovascular bundle, and to calculate the lengths of some parameters with the help of certain software. To collect the donor tissue of the neurovascular greater palatine network, each distance among the AR-GPF-PPB were equal to 4 mm. To estimate the possible length of the graft, the incision was made along the third and the second molar to the IF as 4 cm. The data we obtained within this study have been presented to help the surgeons avoid unexpected hemorrhage during the palatinal procedures such as posttraumatic dental reconstruction, maxillofacial tumor resections, palatal micro-implants, and dentofacial orthopedic surgery.

PMID: 27177906 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Characterization and morphological comparison of human dura mater, temporalis fascia, and pericranium for the correct selection of an autograft in duraplasty procedures.

Characterization and morphological comparison of human dura mater, temporalis fascia, and pericranium for the correct selection of an autograft in duraplasty procedures.

Surg Radiol Anat. 2016 May 13;

Authors: Morales-Avalos R, Soto-Domínguez A, García-Juárez J, Saucedo-Cardenas O, Bonilla-Galvan JR, Cardenas-Serna M, Guzmán-López S, Elizondo-Omaña RE

Abstract
PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to characterize and compare the morphological characteristics of the dura mater, the pericranium, and the temporal fascia to ascertain the most adequate tissue to use as a dura graft.
METHODS: 20 dura mater, 20 pericranium and 20 temporalis fascia samples were analyzed. Each of the samples was stained with hematoxylin and eosin, orcein, Van Gieson, Masson's trichrome and Verhoeff-Van Gieson (600 slides in total) for a general morphological evaluation, as well as a quantitative, morphometric and densitometric analysis of elastic fibers present in each of the tissues.
RESULTS: The micro-densitometric analysis of the tissues indicated that the area occupied by the elastic fibers showed values of 1.766 ± 1.376, 4.580 ± 3.041, and 8.253 ± 4.467 % for the dura mater, the temporalis fascia and the pericranium, respectively (p < 0.05, all pairs). The values observed in the analysis of the density intensity were 3.42E+06 ± 2.57E+06, 1.41E+07 ± 1.28E+07, and 1.63E+07 ± 9.19E+06 for the dura mater, the temporalis fascia and the pericranium, respectively (p < 0.05), dura mater vs. temporalis fascia and dura mater vs. pericranium).
CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to compare the dura mater with tissues for dural autograft and to quantify the elastic component present in these tissues. The results indicate that the temporalis fascia is a better dural graft because of its intrinsic tissue properties.

PMID: 27177905 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Surgical Anatomy of the Pyramidal Lobe (Lobe of Lalouette): A Tertiary Care Cancer Centre Experience.

Surgical Anatomy of the Pyramidal Lobe (Lobe of Lalouette): A Tertiary Care Cancer Centre Experience.

Int J Surg. 2016 May 10;

Authors: Irawati N, Vaish R, Chaukar D, Deshmukh A, D'Cruz A

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: To study the characteristics of pyramidal lobe (PL) in cancer patients with emphasis on its involvement in patients subjected to thyroidectomy at a tertiary care cancer centre.
METHODS: Retrospective review of prospectively maintained data of 103 patients (33 males and 70 females) who underwent thyroidectomy from January 1(st) 2011 - August 31(st) 2013. Surgery was performed by single surgeon, findings recorded by the lead author and all measurements taken with specimen in situ prior to mobilization of thyroid gland with intact anatomy. Thyroid specimens were examined for presence, location, length and histology of PL.
RESULTS: PL was identified in 38 (36.89%) of patients. PL was commoner on left 27 (71.05%) compared to 11 (28.95%) on right side. The frequency of PL was higher in males 51.51% compared to females 30%. The length varied from 4 to 35 mm. The mean length was 18.0±12.4 mm. In 10.53% cases PL contained deposits of papillary carcinoma of thyroid.
DISCUSSION: Meticulous clearance of disease is of utmost importance in thyroid cancer surgery in order to prevent recurrence and ensure reliable follow up with serum thyroglobulin. PL is a common site of residual thyroid tissue which if involved by cancer can be a cause of local recurrence.
CONCLUSIONS: PL is a well established entity which is present in over one third of patients. Efforts should be made to identify PL during surgery given its bearing on the management of thyroid carcinoma as one third of these will be site of multifocal papillary carcinoma.

PMID: 27177982 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Impacts of Nonsynonymous Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of Adiponectin Receptor 1 Gene on Corresponding Protein Stability: A Computational Approach

Despite the reported association of adiponectin receptor 1 (ADIPOR1) gene mutations with vulnerability to several human metabolic diseases, there is lack of computational analysis on the functional and structural impacts of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the human ADIPOR1 at protein level. Therefore, sequence- and structure-based computational tools were employed in this study to functionally and structurally characterize the coding nsSNPs of ADIPOR1 gene listed in the dbSNP database. Our in silico analysis by SIFT, nsSNPAnalyzer, PolyPhen-2, Fathmm, I-Mutant 2.0, SNPs&GO, PhD-SNP, PANTHER, and SNPeffect tools identified the nsSNPs with distorting functional impacts, namely, rs765425383 (A348G), rs752071352 (H341Y), rs759555652 (R324L), rs200326086 (L224F), and rs766267373 (L143P) from 74 nsSNPs of ADIPOR1 gene. Finally the aforementioned five deleterious nsSNPs were introduced using Swiss-PDB Viewer package within the X-ray crystal structure of ADIPOR1 protein, and changes in free energy for these mutations were computed. Although increased free energy was observed for all the mutants, the nsSNP H341Y caused the highest energy increase amongst all. RMSD and TM scores predicted that mutants were structurally similar to wild type protein. Our analyses suggested that the aforementioned variants especially H341Y could directly or indirectly destabilize the amino acid interactions and hydrogen bonding networks of ADIPOR1.

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Simultaneous Minimally Invasive Treatment of Colorectal Neoplasm with Synchronous Liver Metastasis

Purpose. To analyse perioperative and oncological outcomes of minimally invasive simultaneous resection of primary colorectal neoplasm with synchronous liver metastases. Methods. A Medline revision of the current published literature on laparoscopic and robotic-assisted combined colectomy with hepatectomy for synchronous liver metastatic colorectal neoplasm was performed until February 2015. The specific search terms were "liver metastases", "hepatic metastases", "colorectal", "colon", "rectal", "minimally invasive", "laparoscopy", "robotic-assisted", "robotic colorectal and liver resection", "synchronous", and "simultaneous". Results. 20 clinical reports including 150 patients who underwent minimally invasive one-stage procedure were retrospectively analysed. No randomized trials were found. The approach was laparoscopic in 139 patients (92.7%) and robotic in 11 cases (7.3%). The rectum was the most resected site of primary neoplasm (52.7%) and combined liver procedure was in 89% of cases a minor liver resection. One patient (0.7%) required conversion to open surgery. The overall morbidity and mortality rate were 18% and 1.3%, respectively. The most common complication was colorectal anastomotic leakage. Data concerning oncologic outcomes were too heterogeneous in order to gather definitive results. Conclusion. Although no prospective randomized trials are available, one-stage minimally invasive approach seems to show advantages over conventional surgery in terms of postoperative short-term course. On the contrary, more studies are required to define the oncologic values of the minimally invasive combined treatment.

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Ex vivo ovine model for head and neck surgical simulation.

Ex vivo ovine model for head and neck surgical simulation.

Am J Otolaryngol. 2016 May-Jun;37(3):272-8

Authors: Ianacone DC, Gnadt BJ, Isaacson G

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a fresh, ovine/sheep head and neck tissue model to teach otolaryngology-head and neck surgical techniques.
STUDY DESIGN: Observational animal study.
SETTING: A university animal resource facility.
METHODS: Tissue was collected from pre-pubescent sheep (n=10; mean age: 4months; mean mass: 28kg) following humane euthanasia at the end of an in vivo protocol. No live animals were used in this study. The head and neck of the sheep were disarticulated and stored at 5°C for 1-5days. The tissues were tested in a variety of simulated procedures by a medical student and four fellowship-trained otolaryngology faculty. Practicality and similarity to human surgeries were assessed.
RESULTS: While ovine head and neck structures are proportionally different, the consistencies of skin, subcutaneous tissues and bone are remarkably similar to that seen in human dissection. Particularly useful were the eyelids and orbits, facial nerve and parotid gland, mandible, anterior neck and submandibular triangle. Surgeries performed included blepharoplasty, ptosis repair, orbital floor exploration, facial nerve dissection and repair, mandibular plating, tracheotomy, laryngofissure, tracheal resection and laryngectomy. The model was also useful for flexible and microsuspension laryngoscopy.
CONCLUSION: Fresh, ovine tissue provides a readily available, anatomically compatible, affordable, model for training in otolaryngology-head and neck surgery. The use of sheep tissues carries a low risk for disease transmission and is ethically defensible. Structural variations in the sheep temporal bone, paranasal sinuses and skull base anatomy limit the usefulness of the model for surgical training in these areas.

PMID: 27178523 [PubMed - in process]

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Atypical culture-negative skull base osteomyelitis masquerading as advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Atypical culture-negative skull base osteomyelitis masquerading as advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Am J Otolaryngol. 2016 May-Jun;37(3):236-9

Authors: See A, Tan TY, Gan EC

Abstract
Skull base osteomyelitis typically arises as a complication of otogenic or sinonasal infections in immunocompromised patients. A much rarer entity, atypical skull base osteomyelitis is not associated with an obvious infective source. Atypical and culture-negative skull base osteomyelitis is even rarer and hampers diagnosis, as its clinical presentation is remarkably similar to skull base neoplasms. We report a case of extensive skull base osteomyelitis with orbital apex syndrome and multiple lower cranial nerve palsies which initially masqueraded as possible advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Extensive investigations and consult with an infectious diseases specialist aided in elucidation of the correct diagnosis. Through this article, we emphasize that skull base osteomyelitis must be considered in the setting of headache, cranial neuropathies, elevated inflammatory markers and abnormal imaging findings. Early tissue sampling for histology, stainings and cultures and prompt appropriate treatment may prevent or arrest further complications.

PMID: 27178515 [PubMed - in process]

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Treatment of Meniere's disease with intratympanic dexamethazone plus high dosage of betahistine.

Treatment of Meniere's disease with intratympanic dexamethazone plus high dosage of betahistine.

Am J Otolaryngol. 2016 May-Jun;37(3):225-30

Authors: Albu S, Nagy A, Doros C, Marceanu L, Cozma S, Musat G, Trabalzini F

Abstract
PURPOSE: The aim of the present study was to assess if the combined therapy of intratympanic dexamethasone (ITD) and high dosage of betahistine (HDBH) is able to provide increased vertigo control compared to ITD alone in patients suffering from definite unilateral Meniere's disease (MD).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Consecutive MD patients were enrolled and randomly divided in two groups, each comprising 33 cases. Group A received a combination of ITD and identical-appearing placebo pills while Group B received a combination of ITD and HDBH. ITD protocol consisted of three consecutive daily injections. HDBH comprised 144mg/day (48mg tid). The main outcome measures were: 1) vertigo class, pure tone average (PTA), speech discrimination score (SDS) and Functional Level Score (FLS) according to the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery criteria; 2) complete and substantial vertigo control according to the Kaplan-Meier survival method.
RESULTS: Sixty two patients completed the 24-month follow-up. A complete vertigo control was achieved in 14 patients (44%) from Group A and in 22 patients (73.3%) from Group B, statistically significant (p=0.01). Complete vertigo relief is also significant according to the Kaplan-Meier method: p=0.027, log rank test. Substantial vertigo control was obtained in 21 patients (65.6%) in Group A and 27 patients (90%) in Group B. The difference is statistically significant, p=0.02. The difference is significant according to the Kaplan-Meier method: p=0.035, log rank test. No significant differences between hearing levels and tinnitus scores were demonstrated between the groups.
CONCLUSIONS: Our preliminary results demonstrate that complete and substantial vertigo control is significantly higher in patients treated with a combination of HDBH and ITD.

PMID: 27178513 [PubMed - in process]

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PET/CT in giant cell arteritis: High (18)F-FDG uptake in the temporal, occipital and vertebral arteries.

PET/CT in giant cell arteritis: High (18)F-FDG uptake in the temporal, occipital and vertebral arteries.

Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol. 2016 May 10;

Authors: Rehak Z, Vasina J, Ptacek J, Kazda T, Fojtik Z, Nemec P

Abstract
(18)F-FDG PET/CT imaging is useful in patients with fever of unknown origin and can detect giant cell arteritis in extracranial large arteries. However, it is usually assumed that temporal arteries cannot be visualized with a PET/CT scanner due to their small diameter. Three patients with clinical symptoms of temporal arteritis were examined using a standard whole body PET/CT protocol (skull base - mid thighs) followed by a head PET/CT scan using the brain protocol. High (18)F-FDG uptake in the aorta and some arterial branches were detected in all 3 patients with the whole body protocol. Using the brain protocol, head imaging led to detection of high (18)F-FDG uptake in temporal arteries as well as in their branches (3 patients), in occipital arteries (2 patients) and also in vertebral arteries (3 patients).

PMID: 27177856 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Cytopathologic characteristics of SMARCB1 (INI-1) deficient sinonasal carcinoma: A potential diagnostic pitfall.

Cytopathologic characteristics of SMARCB1 (INI-1) deficient sinonasal carcinoma: A potential diagnostic pitfall.

Diagn Cytopathol. 2016 May 14;

Authors: Allison DB, Bishop JA, Ali SZ

Abstract
Tumors of the head and neck are extremely diverse and a subset are poorly differentiated and difficult to classify. Recently, a new entity has been described with rhabdoid and/or plasmacytoid cytologic features and a characteristic genetic signature-inactivation of the SMARCB1 (INI-1) tumor suppressor gene. To date, only 16 cases of SMARCB1 (INI-1) deficient sinonasal carcinoma have been described, and there are currently no reports of the cytopathologic features by fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology. A case of a 77-year-old man who presented with a posterior ethmoid sinus lesion with invasion into the skull base and bone was reported. FNA cytology of a right retropharyngeal lymph node revealed relatively monomorphic, loosely cohesive clusters of plasmacytoid cells with occasional nucleoli, rare intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions, and mitotic figures in a background of necrosis and absence of overt squamous or glandular differentiation. A diagnosis of metastatic myoepithelial carcinoma was made; however, retrospectively, the surgical excision showed loss of the SMARCB1 (INI-1) tumor suppressor gene by immunohistochemistry. In summary, the cytomorphologic features of SMARCB1 (INI-1) deficient sinonasal carcinoma are relatively nonspecific and overlap with other regional tumors, including myoepithelial neoplasms. As a result, this entity should be considered in the differential diagnosis for a plasmacytoid tumor arising in the sinonasal tract by FNA cytology. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

PMID: 27177850 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Treatment of Meniere's disease with intratympanic dexamethazone plus high dosage of betahistine.

Treatment of Meniere's disease with intratympanic dexamethazone plus high dosage of betahistine.

Am J Otolaryngol. 2016 May-Jun;37(3):225-30

Authors: Albu S, Nagy A, Doros C, Marceanu L, Cozma S, Musat G, Trabalzini F

Abstract
PURPOSE: The aim of the present study was to assess if the combined therapy of intratympanic dexamethasone (ITD) and high dosage of betahistine (HDBH) is able to provide increased vertigo control compared to ITD alone in patients suffering from definite unilateral Meniere's disease (MD).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Consecutive MD patients were enrolled and randomly divided in two groups, each comprising 33 cases. Group A received a combination of ITD and identical-appearing placebo pills while Group B received a combination of ITD and HDBH. ITD protocol consisted of three consecutive daily injections. HDBH comprised 144mg/day (48mg tid). The main outcome measures were: 1) vertigo class, pure tone average (PTA), speech discrimination score (SDS) and Functional Level Score (FLS) according to the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery criteria; 2) complete and substantial vertigo control according to the Kaplan-Meier survival method.
RESULTS: Sixty two patients completed the 24-month follow-up. A complete vertigo control was achieved in 14 patients (44%) from Group A and in 22 patients (73.3%) from Group B, statistically significant (p=0.01). Complete vertigo relief is also significant according to the Kaplan-Meier method: p=0.027, log rank test. Substantial vertigo control was obtained in 21 patients (65.6%) in Group A and 27 patients (90%) in Group B. The difference is statistically significant, p=0.02. The difference is significant according to the Kaplan-Meier method: p=0.035, log rank test. No significant differences between hearing levels and tinnitus scores were demonstrated between the groups.
CONCLUSIONS: Our preliminary results demonstrate that complete and substantial vertigo control is significantly higher in patients treated with a combination of HDBH and ITD.

PMID: 27178513 [PubMed - in process]

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Cerebral hemodynamics and the role of transcranial Doppler applications in the assessment and management of cerebral arteriovenous malformations.

Cerebral hemodynamics and the role of transcranial Doppler applications in the assessment and management of cerebral arteriovenous malformations.

J Clin Neurosci. 2016 May 10;

Authors: Busch KJ, Kiat H, Stephen M, Simons M, Avolio A, Morgan MK

Abstract
Dramatic hemodynamic changes occur following resection of brain arteriovenous malformations (AVM). Transcranial Doppler (TCD) records non-invasive velocity and pulsatility parameters. We undertook a systematic review to assess AVM hemodynamics including the time course of changes in velocity and pulsatility in patients undergoing AVM resection. The review employed the Embase and Medline databases. A search strategy was designed. An initial title search for clinical series on AVM and TCD was performed followed by a search for reports on AVM and TCD. A total of 283 publications were selected. Full text analysis produced 54 studies with extractable data regarding AVM, velocity and pulsatility. Two TCD techniques were utilized: conventional "blind" TCD (blind TCD); and transcranial color duplex Doppler (TCCD). Of these, 23 publications reported on blind TCD and seven on TCCD. The presence of high velocity and low pulsatility within AVM feeding arteries preoperatively followed by a postoperative decrease in velocity and subsequent increase in pulsatility of feeding arteries is established. The time sequence of hemodynamic changes following AVM resection using TCD remains uncertain, confounded by variations in methodology and timing of perioperative measurements. Of the two techniques, TCCD reported qualitative aspects including improved differentiation of feeding arteries from draining veins. However, there are a limited number of studies supporting this conclusion. Furthermore, none report reproducible changes with time from treatment. TCCD appears to be a useful technique to analyze the hemodynamic changes occurring following treatment of AVM, however little data is available. This is a field of research that is appropriate to pursue.

PMID: 27178113 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Complications after obliteration of the superior petrosal vein: Are they rare or just underreported?

Complications after obliteration of the superior petrosal vein: Are they rare or just underreported?

J Clin Neurosci. 2016 May 10;

Authors: Cheng L

Abstract
Dandy first described the course of the superior petrosal vein (SPV) and its importance during surgery in 1929. Although it has been reported that this vein can be sacrificed without complication, unfavourable outcomes may occur after dividing the SPV. We review these consequences, which may include peduncular hallucinosis and hearing loss, or even hemorrhage, and discuss factors that may contribute to complications. Preservation of the SPV should be attempted whenever possible to increase the safety of surgery.

PMID: 27178112 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Effect of glottic geometry on breathing: three-dimensional unsteady numerical simulation of respiration in a case with congenital glottic web.

Effect of glottic geometry on breathing: three-dimensional unsteady numerical simulation of respiration in a case with congenital glottic web.

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2016 May 13;

Authors: Gökcan MK, Günaydinoğlu E, Kurtuluş DF

Abstract
Glottic obstruction is a major cause of dyspnea. Without understanding the normal function of the glottis in breathing, treating dyspnea does not restore normal physiology. Therefore, we designed a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model that tested the respiratory cycle in larynges with normal glottis and congenital glottic web (CGW). A CGW case and a control subject (CC) were selected from the computed tomography (CT) archive. 3D computational models of the larynges with structured boundary layer were constructed from axial CT images after mesh refinement study. CFD analyses were based on the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes approach. Incompressible flow solver (pressure-based) and SST k-w turbulence model were chosen for this study. To simulate a real-time breathing process, time varying flow rate boundary condition was derived from the spirometer of a healthy, non-smoking woman. Glottic areas were measured as 51.64 and 125.43 mm(2) for the CGW patient and CC, respectively. Time-dependent velocity contours and streamlines for the CC and CGW patient were drawn. The CC showed uniform flow, all through the inspiration and expiration phases. However, the CGW patient showed separation of flow at the glottis level, which caused areas of stagnation in the supraglottis (during expiration) and the subglottis and trachea (during inspiration). Specialized geometry of the normal larynx maintained uniform flow with low shear stress values on the wall even at high mass flow rates. Distortion of this geometry may cause obstruction of flow at multiple levels and, therefore, should be evaluated at multiple levels.

PMID: 27177730 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Creation of an NCI comparative brain tumor consortium: informing the translation of new knowledge from canine to human brain tumor patients.

Creation of an NCI comparative brain tumor consortium: informing the translation of new knowledge from canine to human brain tumor patients.

Neuro Oncol. 2016 May 14;

Authors: LeBlanc AK, Mazcko C, Brown DE, Koehler JW, Miller AD, Miller CR, Bentley RT, Packer RA, Breen M, Boudreau CE, Levine JM, Simpson RM, Halsey C, Kisseberth W, Rossmeisl JH, Dickinson PJ, Fan TM, Corps K, Aldape K, Puduvalli V, Pluhar GE, Gilbert MR

Abstract
On September 14-15, 2015, a meeting of clinicians and investigators in the fields of veterinary and human neuro-oncology, clinical trials, neuropathology, and drug development was convened at the National Institutes of Health campus in Bethesda, Maryland. This meeting served as the inaugural event launching a new consortium focused on improving the knowledge, development of, and access to naturally occurring canine brain cancer, specifically glioma, as a model for human disease. Within the meeting, a SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) assessment was undertaken to critically evaluate the role that naturally occurring canine brain tumors could have in advancing this aspect of comparative oncology aimed at improving outcomes for dogs and human beings. A summary of this meeting and subsequent discussion are provided to inform the scientific and clinical community of the potential for this initiative. Canine and human comparisons represent an unprecedented opportunity to complement conventional brain tumor research paradigms, addressing a devastating disease for which innovative diagnostic and treatment strategies are clearly needed.

PMID: 27179361 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Celebrating 35 Years of the AJNR: May 1981 edition.

Celebrating 35 Years of the AJNR: May 1981 edition.

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2016 May;37(5):976

Authors:

PMID: 27179034 [PubMed - in process]

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[In Process Citation].

[In Process Citation].

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2016 May;37(5):773

Authors: Yamada S

PMID: 27179033 [PubMed - in process]

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Renal clear cell carcinoma metastasis to salivary glands - a series of 9 cases: clinico-pathological study.

Renal clear cell carcinoma metastasis to salivary glands - a series of 9 cases: clinico-pathological study.

Pol J Pathol. 2016;67(1):39-45

Authors: Majewska H, Skálová A, Radecka K, Stodulski D, Hyrcza M, Stankiewicz C, Biernat W

Abstract
Metastatic tumors involving salivary glands arising from the non-head and neck area are very rare. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is known for its high propensity for metastasis to unusual localizations. RCC metastasis to the maxillofacial area is an uncommon event (16%), but metastasis to salivary glands is extremely rare. We report a series of 9 such cases retrieved from two institutions. The group included 6 females and 3 males. The age at diagnosis ranged from 60 to 97 years (mean 72.6 years). The tumors involved the parotid gland in 7 cases, and the submandibular and small salivary gland of the oral cavity in 1 case each. The size of tumors ranged from 0.4 to 5 cm. Total parotidectomy with selective neck dissection was performed in 4 cases, while superficial parotidectomy was performed in 1 case and simple resection in 3 cases. Histologically, all the tumors were clear cell renal cell carcinomas, and therefore the differential diagnosis mainly included clear cell variants of salivary gland carcinomas. The parotid gland was the initial manifestation of renal malignancy in 4 of the cases, while in the remaining 5 cases a history of RCC had been known. The salivary gland involvement developed from 11 months to 13 years after the time of diagnosis of the primary tumor. In 2 cases it was the first site of dissemination. Pathologists need to maintain a high index of suspicion for the possibility of metastasis when confronted with oncocytic or clear cell neoplasms developing in salivary glands. RCC, although rare, should be included in this differential diagnosis.

PMID: 27179273 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Soft tissue sarcomas in skin: presentations and management.

Soft tissue sarcomas in skin: presentations and management.

Semin Oncol. 2016 Jun;43(3):413-8

Authors: Patt JC, Haines N

Abstract
Soft tissue sarcomas are a rare but heterogeneous family of malignant tumors that are predominantly found deep to the integumentary layer. Only a small number of these primary mesenchymal tumors actually originate from the dermal layers. A systematic approach to the evaluation and workup of these neoplasms can prevent inappropriate management. After staging evaluation, most of these tumors are primarily managed with en-bloc surgical resection. Other adjuvant therapies routinely employed include chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Proper treatment typically involves participation of a multidisciplinary care team for optimal outcome. General principles and treatment strategies will be discussed along with a review of the more common cutaneous manifestations of sarcoma.

PMID: 27178697 [PubMed - in process]

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Cutaneous manifestations of genitourinary malignancy.

Cutaneous manifestations of genitourinary malignancy.

Semin Oncol. 2016 Jun;43(3):347-52

Authors: Raghavan D

Abstract
Genitourinary cancers are associated with a range of cutaneous syndromes, which can reflect direct metastatic spread, non-metastatic manifestations of malignancy or the consequences of treatment. More than 220,000 new cases of prostate cancer occur each year in the United States, and thus the associations with cutaneous involvement are quite well documented-rare metastatic spread, vasculitic and hemorrhagic syndromes. Cancers of the bladder and kidney may be associated with direct cutaneous metastases, vasculitic syndromes, hereditary leiomyomatosis, and other familial syndromes. Testicular cancer occasionally metastasizes to the skin but more commonly is associated with the dysplastic nevus (multiple atypical nevus) syndrome. A structured approach to history-taking, examination, and investigation is essential for optimal management, especially when these syndromes precede the diagnosis of a known malignancy. A brief review of the more common iatrogenic cutaneous complications is provided, and includes Raynaud's phenomenon, purpura, rash, hand-foot syndrome, the consequences of marrow failure, and bleomycin-induced pigmentation.

PMID: 27178687 [PubMed - in process]

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Urachal Carcinoma Shares Genomic Alterations with Colorectal Carcinoma and May Respond to Epidermal Growth Factor Inhibition.

Urachal Carcinoma Shares Genomic Alterations with Colorectal Carcinoma and May Respond to Epidermal Growth Factor Inhibition.

Eur Urol. 2016 May 10;

Authors: Collazo-Lorduy A, Castillo-Martin M, Wang L, Patel V, Iyer G, Jordan E, Al-Ahmadie H, Leonard I, Oh WK, Zhu J, McBride RB, Cordon-Cardo C, Solit DB, Sfakianos JP, Galsky MD

Abstract
Metastatic urachal carcinoma is a rare, understudied, and aggressive malignancy with limited treatment options. Histologically, urachal carcinomas resemble enteric adenocarcinomas and anecdotally respond to systemic therapies utilized in colorectal cancer. Targeted exome sequencing of archival primary tumor tissue from a patient with metastatic urachal cancer revealed EGFR amplification and wild-type KRAS. The patient was treated with cetuximab, a monoclonal antibody directed against EGFR, as a single agent, and achieved a response lasting more than 8 mo. Subsequent whole-exome sequencing revealed no additional alterations likely to be associated with cetuximab sensitivity. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor specimens from nine additional urachal cancers were subjected to targeted exome sequencing. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway mutations were found in four of the nine samples, but no EGFR amplification was detected. Importantly, APC mutations were detected in two of the nine patients. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a response to single-agent cetuximab in a patient with metastatic urachal cancer and of molecular analysis to probe the basis for sensitivity. On the basis of these findings and the histologic, and now genomic, similarities with colorectal cancer, monoclonal antibodies directed at EGFR could be used in the treatment of metastatic urachal cancer.
PATIENT SUMMARY: Urachal cancers are morphologically and genomically similar to colon adenocarcinomas and may respond to drugs targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor.

PMID: 27178450 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Cytopathologic characteristics of SMARCB1 (INI-1) deficient sinonasal carcinoma: A potential diagnostic pitfall.

Cytopathologic characteristics of SMARCB1 (INI-1) deficient sinonasal carcinoma: A potential diagnostic pitfall.

Diagn Cytopathol. 2016 May 14;

Authors: Allison DB, Bishop JA, Ali SZ

Abstract
Tumors of the head and neck are extremely diverse and a subset are poorly differentiated and difficult to classify. Recently, a new entity has been described with rhabdoid and/or plasmacytoid cytologic features and a characteristic genetic signature-inactivation of the SMARCB1 (INI-1) tumor suppressor gene. To date, only 16 cases of SMARCB1 (INI-1) deficient sinonasal carcinoma have been described, and there are currently no reports of the cytopathologic features by fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology. A case of a 77-year-old man who presented with a posterior ethmoid sinus lesion with invasion into the skull base and bone was reported. FNA cytology of a right retropharyngeal lymph node revealed relatively monomorphic, loosely cohesive clusters of plasmacytoid cells with occasional nucleoli, rare intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions, and mitotic figures in a background of necrosis and absence of overt squamous or glandular differentiation. A diagnosis of metastatic myoepithelial carcinoma was made; however, retrospectively, the surgical excision showed loss of the SMARCB1 (INI-1) tumor suppressor gene by immunohistochemistry. In summary, the cytomorphologic features of SMARCB1 (INI-1) deficient sinonasal carcinoma are relatively nonspecific and overlap with other regional tumors, including myoepithelial neoplasms. As a result, this entity should be considered in the differential diagnosis for a plasmacytoid tumor arising in the sinonasal tract by FNA cytology. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

PMID: 27177850 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Paraneoplastic syndromes (PNS) associated with Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC): A case series of 8 patients highlighting different clinical manifestations.

Paraneoplastic syndromes (PNS) associated with Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC): A case series of 8 patients highlighting different clinical manifestations.

J Am Acad Dermatol. 2016 May 11;

Authors: Iyer JG, Parvathaneni K, Bhatia S, Tarabadkar ES, Blom A, Doumani R, McKenzie J, Asgari MM, Nghiem P

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Paraneoplastic syndromes (PNS) are commonly associated with neuroendocrine cancers, such as small cell lung cancer.
OBJECTIVES: We examined the association of PNS in Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), a rare neuroendocrine skin cancer.
METHODS: We identified PNS associated with MCC based on chart review of a Seattle-based repository and examined the incidence of MCC-associated hyponatremia in an independent cohort within Kaiser Permanente Northern California.
RESULTS: Eight PNS cases were identified from the Seattle repository. Three distinct PNS types were observed: cerebellar degeneration (1 case), Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (2 cases), and malignancy-associated hyponatremia (5 cases). Moreover, the incidence of severe hyponatremia (serum sodium <125 mmol/L) coincident with MCC was identified among 4.3% (9 of 211) patients with MCC in the Kaiser Permanente Northern California cohort.
LIMITATIONS: We did not have access to complete medical records on all patients so it was not possible to determine the prevalence of PNS in MCC.
CONCLUSIONS: MCC can be associated with PNS similar to those found in other neuroendocrine cancers. Clinicians should be aware of these presentations as PNS often precede the identification of the underlying malignancy and usually resolve with appropriate treatment of the cancer.

PMID: 27177440 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Rare case of neurinoma of the facial nerve.

Related Articles

Rare case of neurinoma of the facial nerve.

Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2015 Mar-Apr;81(2):226-7

Authors: Passos IM, Massuda ET, Hyppolito MA, Colli BO, Damico TA

PMID: 25649138 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Identification of lesion images from gastrointestinal endoscope based on feature extraction of combinational methods with and without learning process

Publication date: Available online 14 May 2016
Source:Medical Image Analysis
Author(s): Ding-Yun Liu, Tao Gan, Ni-Ni Rao, Yao-Wen Xing, Jie Zheng, Sang Li, Cheng-Si Luo, Zhong-Jun Zhou, Yong-Li Wan
The gastrointestinal endoscopy in this study refers to conventional gastroscopy and wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE). Both of these techniques produce a large number of images in each diagnosis. The lesion detection done by hand from the images above is time consuming and inaccurate. This study designed a new computer-aided method to detect lesion images. We initially designed an algorithm named joint diagonalisation principal component analysis (JDPCA), in which there are no approximation, iteration or inverting procedures. Thus, JDPCA has a low computational complexity and is suitable for dimension reduction of the gastrointestinal endoscopic images. Then, a novel image feature extraction method was established through combining the algorithm of machine learning based on JDPCA and conventional feature extraction algorithm without learning. Finally, a new computer-aided method is proposed to identify the gastrointestinal endoscopic images containing lesions. The clinical data of gastroscopic images and WCE images containing the lesions of early upper digestive tract cancer and small intestinal bleeding, which consist of 1330 images from 291 patients totally, were used to confirm the validation of the proposed method. The experimental results shows that, for the detection of early oesophageal cancer images, early gastric cancer images and small intestinal bleeding images, the mean values of accuracy of the proposed method were 90.75%, 90.75% and 94.34%, with the standard deviations (SDs) of 0.0426, 0.0334 and 0.0235, respectively. The areas under the curves (AUCs) were 0.9471, 0.9532 and 0.9776, with the SDs of 0.0296, 0.0285 and 0.0172, respectively. Compared with the traditional related methods, our method showed a better performance. It may therefore provide worthwhile guidance for improving the efficiency and accuracy of gastrointestinal disease diagnosis and is a good prospect for clinical application.

Graphical abstract

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Zeb1 controls neuron differentiation and germinal zone exit by a mesenchymal-epithelial-like transition.

Zeb1 controls neuron differentiation and germinal zone exit by a mesenchymal-epithelial-like transition.

Elife. 2016 May 14;5

Authors: Singh S, Howell D, Trivedi N, Kessler K, Ong T, Rosmaninho P, Raposo AA, Robinson G, Roussel MF, Castro DS, Solecki DJ

Abstract
In the developing mammalian brain, differentiating neurons mature morphologically via neuronal polarity programs. Despite discovery of polarity pathways acting concurrently with differentiation, it's unclear how neurons traverse complex polarity transitions or how neuronal progenitors delay polarization during development. We report that zinc finger and homeobox transcription factor-1 (Zeb1), a master regulator of epithelial polarity, controls neuronal differentiation by transcriptionally repressing polarity genes in neuronal progenitors. Necessity-sufficiency testing and functional target screening in cerebellar granule neuron progenitors (GNPs) reveal that Zeb1 inhibits polarization and retains progenitors in their germinal zone (GZ). Zeb1 expression is elevated in the Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) medulloblastoma subgroup originating from GNPs with persistent SHH activation. Restored polarity signaling promotes differentiation and rescues GZ exit, suggesting a model for future differentiative therapies. These results reveal unexpected parallels between neuronal differentiation and mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition and suggest that active polarity inhibition contributes to altered GZ exit in pediatric brain cancers.

PMID: 27178982 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Quantifying the burden of opioid medication errors in adult oncology and palliative care settings: A systematic review.

Quantifying the burden of opioid medication errors in adult oncology and palliative care settings: A systematic review.

Palliat Med. 2016 Jun;30(6):520-32

Authors: Heneka N, Shaw T, Rowett D, Phillips JL

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Opioids are the primary pharmacological treatment for cancer pain and, in the palliative care setting, are routinely used to manage symptoms at the end of life. Opioids are one of the most frequently reported drug classes in medication errors causing patient harm. Despite their widespread use, little is known about the incidence and impact of opioid medication errors in oncology and palliative care settings.
AIM: To determine the incidence, types and impact of reported opioid medication errors in adult oncology and palliative care patient settings.
DESIGN: A systematic review.
DATA SOURCES: Five electronic databases and the grey literature were searched from 1980 to August 2014. Empirical studies published in English, reporting data on opioid medication error incidence, types or patient impact, within adult oncology and/or palliative care services, were included. Popay's narrative synthesis approach was used to analyse data.
RESULTS: Five empirical studies were included in this review. Opioid error incidence rate was difficult to ascertain as each study focussed on a single narrow area of error. The predominant error type related to deviation from opioid prescribing guidelines, such as incorrect dosing intervals. None of the included studies reported the degree of patient harm resulting from opioid errors.
CONCLUSION: This review has highlighted the paucity of the literature examining opioid error incidence, types and patient impact in adult oncology and palliative care settings. Defining, identifying and quantifying error reporting practices for these populations should be an essential component of future oncology and palliative care quality and safety initiatives.

PMID: 27178835 [PubMed - in process]

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ASCO Plenary Sessions: impact, legacy, future.

ASCO Plenary Sessions: impact, legacy, future.

Semin Oncol. 2016 Jun;43(3):321-6

Authors: Vandross A, Prasad V, Mailankody S

Abstract
The ASCO annual meeting draws a large crowd of physicians, cancer researchers, policy makers, and industry representatives. The crown jewel of the annual events is the Plenary session where impactful, influential and visible abstracts are selected for the largest audience. Plenary topics are frequently paired with concurrent New England Journal or Lancet publications.  Here, we review 9 years of ASCO plenary sessions.  Several themes emerge.  First, many of the topics selected have indeed been practice changing, such as the use of ALK inhibitors for ALK rearranged NSCLC, or checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic melanoma.  Second, although some plenary topics seemed destined to change practice, they ultimately falter, such as the use of Cetuximab in NSCLC, vaccine therapy for follicular lymphoma, and even Bevacizumab in metastatic renal cell cancer. Who could have forseen bevacizumab displaced by several VEGF TKIs?  Third, negative trials are rare among Plenary sessions, but when they are presented they are immensely important.  Examples include a seminal study using CA-125 levels to guide treatment of relapsed ovarian cancer, the use of lapatinib combined with traztuzumab in the adjuvant treatment of HER2 + disease, and studies showing no survival benefit to upfront bevacizumab in glioblastoma multiforme.   Fourth, we note a large industry presence among Plenary sessions, as the Industry in part sponsored 62% of Plenary abstracts.  Ultimately a review of 9 years of ASCO plenary reveals the plenary for what it is: a conservative selection of abstracts that, at the time, are thought to change the face of oncology.  Time, however, is the true arbiter, and some succeed in this quest, while others falter.  ASCO plenary sessions reveal the influence, legacy and future of cancer care.

PMID: 27178681 [PubMed - in process]

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Curbing the burden of lung cancer.

Curbing the burden of lung cancer.

Front Med. 2016 May 13;

Authors: Urman A, Hosgood HD

Abstract
Lung cancer contributes substantially to the global burden of disease and healthcare costs. New screening modalities using low-dose computerized tomography are promising tools for early detection leading to curative surgery. However, the screening and follow-up diagnostic procedures of these techniques may be costly. Focusing on prevention is an important factor to reduce the burden of screening, treatment, and lung cancer deaths. The International Agency for Research on Cancer has identified several lung carcinogens, which we believe can be considered actionable when developing prevention strategies. To curb the societal burden of lung cancer, healthcare resources need to be focused on early detection and screening and on mitigating exposure(s) of a person to known lung carcinogens, such as active tobacco smoking, household air pollution (HAP), and outdoor air pollution. Evidence has also suggested that these known lung carcinogens may be associated with genetic predispositions, supporting the hypothesis that lung cancers attributed to differing exposures may have developed from unique underlying genetic mechanisms attributed to the exposure of interest. For instance, smokingattributed lung cancer involves novel genetic markers of risk compared with HAP-attributed lung cancer. Therefore, genetic risk markers may be used in risk stratification to identify subpopulations that are at a higher risk for developing lung cancer attributed to a given exposure. Such targeted prevention strategies suggest that precision prevention strategies may be possible in the future; however, much work is needed to determine whether these strategies will be viable.

PMID: 27178304 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Human papillomavirus promotes Epstein-Barr virus maintenance and lytic reactivation in immortalized oral keratinocytes.

Human papillomavirus promotes Epstein-Barr virus maintenance and lytic reactivation in immortalized oral keratinocytes.

Virology. 2016 May 11;495:52-62

Authors: Makielski KR, Lee D, Lorenz LD, Nawandar DM, Chiu YF, Kenney SC, Lambert PF

Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus and human papillomaviruses are human tumor viruses that infect and replicate in upper aerodigestive tract epithelia and cause head and neck cancers. The productive phases of both viruses are tied to stratified epithelia highlighting the possibility that these viruses may affect each other's life cycles. Our lab has established an in vitro model system to test the effects of EBV and HPV co-infection in stratified squamous oral epithelial cells. Our results indicate that HPV increases maintenance of the EBV genome in the co-infected cells and promotes lytic reactivation of EBV in upper layers of stratified epithelium. Expression of the HPV oncogenes E6 and E7 were found to be necessary and sufficient to account for HPV-mediated lytic reactivation of EBV. Our findings indicate that HPV increases the capacity of epithelial cells to support the EBV life cycle, which could in turn increase EBV-mediated pathogenesis in the oral cavity.

PMID: 27179345 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Horizontal Sound Localization in Cochlear Implant Users with a Contralateral Hearing Aid.

Horizontal Sound Localization in Cochlear Implant Users with a Contralateral Hearing Aid.

Hear Res. 2016 May 10;

Authors: Veugen LC, Hendrikse MM, van Wanrooij MM, Agterberg MJ, Chalupper J, Mens LH, Snik AF, John van Opstal A

Abstract
Interaural differences in sound arrival time (ITD) and in level (ILD) enable us to localize sounds in the horizontal plane, and can support source segregation and speech understanding in noisy environments. It is uncertain whether these cues are also available to hearing-impaired listeners who are bimodally fitted, i.e. with a cochlear implant (CI) and a contralateral hearing aid (HA). Here, we assessed sound localization behavior of fourteen bimodal listeners, all using the same Phonak HA and an Advanced Bionics CI processor, matched with respect to loudness growth. We aimed to determine the availability and contribution of binaural (ILDs, temporal fine structure and envelope ITDs) and monaural (loudness, spectral) cues to horizontal sound localization in bimodal listeners, by systematically varying the frequency band, level and envelope of the stimuli. The sound bandwidth had a strong effect on the localization bias of bimodal listeners, although localization performance was typically poor for all conditions. Responses could be systematically changed by adjusting the frequency range of the stimulus, or by simply switching the HA and CI on and off. Localization responses were largely biased to one side, typically the CI side for broadband and high-pass filtered sounds, and occasionally to the HA side for low-pass filtered sounds.. HA-aided thresholds better than 45 dB HL in the frequency range of the stimulus appeared to be a prerequisite, but not a guarantee, for the ability to indicate sound source direction. We argue that bimodal sound localization is likely based on ILD cues, even at frequencies below 1500 Hz for which the natural ILDs are small. These cues are typically perturbed in bimodal listeners, leading to a biased localization percept of sounds. The high accuracy of some listeners could result from a combination of sufficient spectral overlap and loudness balance in bimodal hearing.

PMID: 27178443 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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NADPH oxidase 4 deficiency leads to impaired wound repair and reduced dityrosine-crosslinking, but does not affect myofibroblast formation

Publication date: July 2016
Source:Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Volume 96
Author(s): Dominik Lévigne, Ali Modarressi, Karl-Heinz Krause, Brigitte Pittet-Cuénod
NADPH oxidases (NOX) mediate redox signaling by generating superoxide and/or hydrogen peroxide, which are involved in biosynthetic pathways, e.g. thyroid hormone generation, dityrosine crosslinking, as well as bacterial killing. Data investigating the role of NOX enzymes in cutaneous wound repair is limited and specifically their function in skin myofibroblast expression is unknown. The isoform NOX4 was recently shown to be a pre-requisite for the differentiation of cardiac and pulmonary myofibroblasts.In this study we investigate the role of NOX4 in wound repair using a wound model in NOX4 knockout mice (n=16) and wildtype mice (n=16). Wounds were photographed daily until complete wound closure. Mice were sacrificed at day 3, 7, 14; wound tissue was harvested.NOX4-deficient mice healed significantly slower (22 days, SD=1.9) than wild-type mice (17 days, SD=1.4, p<0.005). However, there was no difference in myofibroblast expression. Strong dityrosine formation was observed, but was significantly weaker in NOX4-/- mice (p<0.05). NOX2, HIF1α and CD31 expression was significantly weaker in NOX4-/- mice (p<0.05).In this study we show for the first time that NOX4 plays a role in cutaneous wound repair. Our data suggests that NOX4 mediates HIF1α expression and neoangiogenesis during wound repair. NOX4 deletion led to a decreased expression of NOX2, implying a role of NOX4 in phagocytic cell recruitment. NOX4 was required for effective wound contraction but not myofibroblast expression. We suggest that myofibroblast contraction in NOX4-deficient mice is less effective in contracting the wound because of insufficient dityrosine-crosslinking of the ECM, providing the first indication for a physiological function of dityrosine crosslinking in higher animals.



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Immunological Evasion in Glioblastoma

Glioblastoma is the most aggressive tumor in Central Nervous System in adults. Among its features, modulation of immune system stands out. Although immune system is capable of detecting and eliminating tumor cells mainly by cytotoxic T and NK cells, tumor microenvironment suppresses an effective response through recruitment of modulator cells such as regulatory T cells, monocyte-derived suppressor cells, M2 macrophages, and microglia as well as secretion of immunomodulators including IL-6, IL-10, CSF-1, TGF-β, and CCL2. Other mechanisms that induce immunosuppression include enzymes as indolamine 2,3-dioxygenase. For this reason it is important to develop new therapies that avoid this immune evasion to promote an effective response against glioblastoma.

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Improvement of the Texture of Yogurt by Use of Exopolysaccharide Producing Lactic Acid Bacteria

19 Streptococcus thermophilus with high exopolysaccharide production were isolated from traditional Chinese fermented dairy products. The exopolysaccharide and viscosity of milk fermented by these 19 isolates were assayed. The strains of Streptococcus thermophilus zlw TM11 were selected because its fermented milk had the highest exopolysaccharide content (380 mg/L) and viscosity (7716 mpa/s). Then Streptococcus thermophilus zlw TM11 was combined with Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus 3 4.5 and the combination was named SH-1. The quality of the yogurt fermented by SH-1 and two commercial starter cultures (YO-MIX 465, YF-L711) were compared. It was shown that the exopolysaccharide content of yogurt fermented by SH-1 was similar to that of yogurt fermented by YF-L711 and significantly higher than YO-MIX 465 (). In addition, the yogurt fermented by SH-1 had the lowest syneresis (8.5%) and better texture and sensory than the samples fermented by YO-MIX 465 and YF-L711. It manifested that the selected higher exopolysaccharide production starter SH-1 could be used as yogurt starter and reduce the amount of adding stabilizer, which can compare with the imported commercial starter culture.

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Evaluation of Risk Factors for Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus in Sheep and Goats at the Wildlife-Livestock Interface in Punjab Province, Pakistan

Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) is causing infectious disease with high morbidity and mortality rate in domestic and wild small ruminants of Pakistan with valuable economical losses. The present study was carried out to investigate risk factors of PPRV in domestic small ruminants which were present in the vicinity of wildlife parks. A total of 265 sera samples (27 wild ruminants and 238 domesticated small ruminants) from apparently healthy animals from two different wildlife parks were collected and analysed for PPRV antibodies. Also, 20 nasal swabs from domestic small ruminants showing respiratory signs were collected to check for presence of PPRV antigen. Competitive ELISA revealed highest proportions of anti-PPRV antibodies in domestic small ruminants around the Wildlife Park at Lahore (35%) as compared to Faisalabad (13%), with no existence of PPRV antibodies in tested serum of wild ruminants at these parks. Higher seropositivity was observed in females (25.6%) than in males (5.1%) and in goats (34.5%) compared to sheep (11.2%). The results of N-gene based RT-PCR highlight the absence of PPRV due to lack of current PPR outbreak in the region during study period. Even though grazing was not a significant risk factor, there is still a possibility of wildlife-livestock interactions for feed and water reservoirs, resulting in spillover of PPR to wildlife. Keeping in view the high seropositivity and risk of PPR, vaccination should be adopted to avoid circulation of PPRV among wild and domestic small ruminants (sheep and goats).

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Infective endocarditis of an aorto-right atrial fistula caused by asymptomatic rupture of a sinus of Valsalva aneurysm: a case report

Abstract

Asymptomatic rupture of a sinus of Valsalva aneurysm is rare. A fistula following rupture of a sinus of Valsalva aneurysm may cause infective endocarditis. Here, we report a case of infective endocarditis of an aorto-right atrial fistula caused by asymptomatic rupture of a sinus of Valsalva aneurysm. A 45-year-old male, who was first diagnosed with a heart murmur at the age of 37 years, presented with fever. Blood culture was positive for Streptococcus gordonii. Ultrasound echocardiography revealed an aorto-right atrial fistula caused by rupture of a sinus of Valsalva aneurysm. After the infective endocarditis was healed by antibiotics, we successfully performed surgical repair of the aorto-right atrial fistula. Although asymptomatic rupture of a sinus of Valsalva aneurysm is uncommon, it should be recognized as a possible cause of infective endocarditis.

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A 15-year-old Girl with an Asymmetric Hemitruncal Fat Distribution: Hemihyperthrophy or Hemiatrophy?

Summary: A 15-year-old girl presented to the pediatrician with complaints of excessive fat distribution on the right side and breast asymmetry. At age 2, she had undergone a left-sided nephrectomy because of a stage III Wilms tumor using a transverse cut supraumbilical approach, followed by systemic chemotherapy and local radiotherapy. In the case of trunk asymmetry, it is questionable which side is deviant. The asymmetry may be an expression of isolated hemihyperthrophy, syndromal hemihypertrophy related to the Wilms tumor, or an expression of left-sided hemiatrophy as a late consequence of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or surgery. Late clinical manifestations of childhood cancer treatment are difficult to distinguish from other independent diseases but must be considered as explanations for new onset of symptoms in adolescents.

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No-drain DIEP Flap Donor-site Closure Using Barbed Progressive Tension Sutures

Background: The use of progressive tension sutures has been shown to be comparable to the use of abdominal drains in abdominoplasty. However, the use of barbed progressive tension sutures (B-PTSs) in deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) flap donor-site closure has not been investigated. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on patients with DIEP flap reconstruction in a 3-year period at 2 institutions by 2 surgeons. Patients were compared by method of DIEP donor-site closure. Group 1 had barbed running progressive tension sutures without drain placement. Group 2 had interrupted progressive tension closure with abdominal drain placement (PTS-AD). Group 3 had closure with only abdominal drain placement (AD). Data collected included demographics, perioperative data, and postoperative outcomes. Results: Seventy-five patients underwent DIEP reconstruction (25 B-PTS, 25 PTS-AD, and 25 AD). Patient characteristics—age, body mass index, comorbidities, smoking status, and chemotherapy—were not significantly different between groups. Rate of seroma was 1.3% (B-PTS = 0%, PTS-AD = 4%, AD = 0%), wound dehiscence 16% (B-PTS = 8%, PTS-AD = 16%, AD = 24%), and umbilical necrosis 5.3% (B-PTS = 0%, PTS-AD = 0%, AD = 16%). No hematomas were observed in any patients. No statistically significant difference was found between complication rates across groups. Conclusions: Use of B-PTSs for abdominal closure after DIEP flap harvest can obviate the need for abdominal drains. Complication rates following this technique are not significantly different from closure using progressive tension suture and abdominal drain placement. This practice can prevent the use of abdominal drains, which can promote patient mobility, increase independence upon discharge, and contribute to patient satisfaction.

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Fwd: Jiangsu Pharmacertical and Clinical Research, Year 2016, Issue 02 -New Issue Alert.

From: order@email.oriprobe.com

Date: May 15, 2016 at 08:08AM

New Issue TOC Alert Dear Valued Customer, We are pleased to deliver your requested table of contents alert for Jiangsu Pharmacertical and Clinical Research. Year 2016 Issue 02 is now available on CAOD. In this issue: Anti-Lewis Lung Cancer Immunity by Tumor Cell Lysate-sensitized Dendritic Cell Vaccines with M2 and OK-432 in Mice (基于M2与OK-432的肿瘤细胞裂解物致敏的树突状细胞疫苗抗小鼠Lewis肺癌作用研究) GE Chi-yu, ZHOU Zhou, ZHANG Jun-li, School of Medicine and He alth Management, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Jiangsu Laboratory of Protein Pharmacy Engineering, Laboratory of Minigene Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Department of Pharmacy, Medical College, Yangzhou University ...... page:97-102 Effect of Salvia Miltiorrhiza Radix Decoction on Portal Hypertensive Gastropathy and Liver Function in Rat (丹参醇提物对大鼠肝硬化门脉高压性胃病和肝功能的影响) QIU Yan, ZHANG Xiao-yan, LU Yi, DUAN Jing, WANG Ya-wei, MA Jing, Department of Pharmacy, No.454 Hospital of PLA, Mu Xu Yuan Sanatorium, Joint Logistics Department, Nanjing Military Region ...... page:103-106 HPLC Separation of Levodopa Enantiomer by Pre-column Chiral Derivatization (多巴对映异构体的柱前衍生化HPLC法手性拆分) JIANG Jie-yi, LIN Xiao-yan, LI Su-mei, LI Yang-xue, XU Ai-li, Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of T.C.M, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine ...... page:107-109 Quantitative Analysis of α-Linolenic Acid, Linoleic Acid and Oleic Acid in Guizhi Fuling Capsules (桂枝茯苓胶囊中α-亚麻酸、亚油酸和油酸的含量分析) YING Quan-wei, WANG Jin-ling, YANG Su-de, HUANG Wen-zhe, XIAO Wei, Jiangsu Kanion Parmaceutical Co.Ltd. ...... page:110-112 Determination of Elements in Qingkang Tablets by ICP-MS (ICP-MS法分析顷康片中的元素) ZHANG Hai-tao, LI Man-man, FU Juan, XU Zhen-qiu, WANG Zhen-zhong, XIAO Wei, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd ...... page:113-116 Determination of Nelarabine and Its Metabolite in Leukemia Patients Plasma by RP-HPLC (RP-HPLC法同时测定白血病患者血浆中奈拉滨及其代谢物) SHEN Wei-yang, LIU Yun-peng, HU Chen-yi, ZHANG Ying-qi, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance of the Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Jiangsu Chia Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd. ...... page:117-120 Effect of Compound Ursodeoxycholic Acid Oral Liquid on Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Rats (复方熊去氧胆酸口服液对大鼠酒精性脂肪肝的影响) YOU Mei-gui, SU Mei, CHEN Tong, JI Hui, Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Department of Medicine, Sanming Vocational Technical College, Jiangsu Kefeiping Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd ...... page:121-124 Determination of Mizoribine in Human Serum by HPLC (高效液相色谱法测定咪唑立宾的血药浓度) ZHAO Yu-lei, RUI Jian-zhong, SUN Sheng-li, CAO Xiao-mei, ZHOU Guo-hua, Department of Pharmacology, General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command ...... page:125-127 Stability Study of Dolasetron Mesylate and Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Admixture in Common Infusions (甲磺酸多拉司琼与地塞米松磷酸钠在两种输液中的配伍稳定性考察) HE Guang-zhao, LEI Kai, ZHANG Cheng-liang, XUE Hong-bo, Department of Pharmacy, Changzhou Cancer Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical School, Huazhong Science and Technology University ...... page:128-130 Determination of Propofol Injections for Propofol and Related Substances by UPLC (UPLC法测定丙泊酚注射液中丙泊酚的含量及有关物质) ZENG Jian-ting, Qingyuan Food and Drug Inspection Institute ...... page:131-133 Study on Influencing Factors of Transforming 7β-O-methylmorroniside to Morroniside (7β-甲氧基莫诺苷转化为莫诺苷影响因素的研究) PANG Hui-ming, WANG Li-ling, JIANG Yu-hong, CHEN Hui, LIU Zhi-hui, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of TCM ...... page:134-136 An Improved Synthesis Process for Anastrozole (阿那曲唑的合成工艺改进) JUAN Hai-long, WANG Jing, Jiangsu Chiatai Qingjiang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd ...... page:137-138 Advances in the Research of Biological Activity of Organic Selenium Compounds (有机硒化合物及其生物学活性的研究进展) LI Fang-zheng, WU Fang, XU Jin-yi, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University ...... page:139-144 Advances in Models of Gastric Ulceration (胃溃疡药理模型的研究进展) XIAO Wei, XU Ang, JI Hui, Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University ...... page:145-150 Comparison of the Efficacy of Diclofenac Sodium, Tamsulosin and Their Combination for the Treatment of Distal Ureteral Calculus (双氯芬酸钠栓和坦索罗辛及两药联用治疗输尿管远端结石的疗效比较) DU Guang-jian, AIKEPAER·Abula, YUAN Liu-ya, WU Guang-wei, ABUDU Saimaiti, ALIMU·Tailaiti, ZHANG Tao, MURAT·Mehmut, Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Mdeical University ...... page:151-153 Risk Factors and Assessment System Analysis of Venous Thromboembolism in Joint Surgery Patients (下肢关节手术后静脉血栓风险因素及评估体系分析) XU Rui-juan, LIN Xin, YAO Yao, JIANG Qing, GE Wei-hong, Pharmaceutical Department, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Pharmaceutical College, China Pharmaceutical University, Orthopedic Department, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School ...... page:154-157 Impact of Proton Pump Inhibitors on the Efficacy and Safety of Initial Warfarin Anticoagulation Responses in Patiens with Surgery of Heart Value Replacement (心脏瓣膜置换术后患者使用质子泵抑制剂对华法林抗凝初期有效性及安全性的影响) GUO Rui-tong, YU Feng, XU Hang, GE Wei-hong, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Department of Pharmacy, Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University ...... page:158-163 Effects of Patient Controlled Intravenous Analgesia in Postoperative Pain Management for Scoliosis Surgery Patients (病人自控静脉镇痛在脊柱侧弯患者术后镇痛中的效果评价) XIE Han, MA Zheng-liang, CHEN Zheng-xiang, JU Xiao-yu, GE Wei-hong, Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, China Pharmacuetical University ...... page:164-166 Analysis on One Case of Rhabdomyolysis Induced by Taking Simvastatin on the SLCO1B1*5 Allele Carriers (1例SLCO1B1*5等位基因携带者服用辛伐他汀致横纹肌溶解症的案例分析) LAI Sheng-rong, MIAO Miao, LIU Jun, Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Pukou Central Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College ...... page:167-169 2016 nian 3 yue mei guo fda gong bu de yao pin an quan xin xi (2016年3月美国FDA公布的药品安全信息) ...... page:169 Clinical Pharmacist's Consultation on Individualized Antiplatelet Therapy in an Old Patient with Cardiovascular Diseases (临床药师参与1例老年心血管病患者的个体化抗血小板治疗实践) LIU Hong-tao, LIAN Yu-fei, PANG Guo-xun, JIN Hui-xin, REN Bing-nan, DONG Zhan-jun, Department of Pharmacy, Hebei General Hospital ...... page:170-171 Rationality of Perioperative Prophylactic Use of Antibiotics Based on PK/PD Parameters (以PK/PD参数探讨围手术期预防性应用抗菌药物的合理性) WANG Yu, PEI Yun-ping, Department of Pharmacy, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to School of Medicine, Nanjing University ...... page:172-174 A Prescription Comment on Alanyl-glutamine of Outpatient and Emergency Department During a Period in Our Hospital (对我院一时间段门急诊丙氨酰谷氨酰胺处方专项点评) WANG Jian, ZHU Qing, Department of Pharmacy, Drum Tower Hospital affiliated to School of Medicine, Nanjing University ...... page:175-177 Discussion on Failure and Adverse Events of Medical Magnetic Resonance Imaging Systems (浅谈医用磁共振成像系统的故障与不良事件) LU Jia-hui, LUO Shi-xiang, BIAN Rong-rong, LI Yao, FU Jiao, Advers e Drug Reaction Monitoring of Huaian, Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring of Jiangsu, Social Medical Insurance Fund Management Center of Huaian ...... page:178-181 Investigation on the Security Risk Prevention and Standardized Management in the Process of Transportation and Storage for in Vitro Diagnostic Reagents (利用射频识别技术 保障体外诊断试剂质量安全) WANG Min, WANG Yong-qing, ZHANG Xiao-lin, WANG Zhong-min, ZHANG Jian-wei, JIN Jian, ZHAO Wang-sheng, JIANG Ning-ling, YI Lu-jiang, SHEN Yi-wen, MENG Ling, GU Min, Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of NJMU, Information Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of NJMU, China Healthcare Information Technology Co.Ltd, Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of NJMU, Office of the Director, the First Affiliated Hospital of NJMU ...... page:182-184 Research on Pharmaceutical Care for Patients with Cancer Pain and Its Influences on Cognitive Behavior (药学服务对癌痛患者认知行为的影响调查分析) YANG Qing, HU Bing, CHEN Yong-gang, LI Fan, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Central Hospital ...... page:185-187 ji yu wen xian de yao wu jing ji xue ping jia : fang fa he tiao zhan (基于文献的药物经济学评价:方法和挑战) LI Hongchao ...... page:188-191 yao pin he qi xie xing ye ying yong jing ji xue ping jia de yi tong (药品和器械行业应用经济学评价的异同) TAO Libo ...... page:191-192 CAOD TOC Alerts Note Thank you for choosing CAOD Table of Contents (TOC) Alert Service. You are receiving this email because you have requested to receive information from CAOD as a registered user of our Table of Content Alert for journals. To manage your TOC Alerts, please click here. For all enquiries, problems or suggestions regarding this service, please contact info@oriprobe.com. China/Asia on Demand (CAOD) Customer Service

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Fwd: Journal of Pediatric Pharmacy, Year 2016, Issue 05 -New Issue Alert.

From: order@email.oriprobe.com

Date: May 15, 2016 at 08:08AM

New Issue TOC Alert Dear Valued Customer, We are pleased to deliver your requested table of contents alert for Journal of Pediatric Pharmacy. Year 2016 Issue 05 is now available on CAOD. In this issue: Effect of Ulinastatin on C-Reactive Protein and T-Lymphocyte Subsets in Children with Chronic Heart Failure (乌司他丁对慢性心力衰竭患儿C-反应蛋白、T细胞亚群和心功能的影响) Lyu Guiping, Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospitals of Guangzhou ...... page:1-4 zhong guo ke ji lun wen tong ji yuan qi kan zhong guo ke ji he xin qi kan (中国科技论文统计源期刊中国科技核心期刊) ...... page:2 The Application of Serum C-Reactive Protein and Procalcitonin in Severity Evaluation of Children with Community-Acquired Pneumonia (血清C-反应蛋白及降钙素原在儿童社区获得性肺炎病情严重程度评估中的应用) Tang Jingping, Gu Chengping, Huang Lieping, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Zhoushan Hospital, Zhejiang ...... page:4-6 Influencing Factors for Platelet in Children with Kawasaki Disease (影响儿童川崎病血小板变化的相关因素分析) Li Jing, Ji Xiaoyi, Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Hospital ...... page:7-9 Glucocorticoid Combined with IVIG in the Treatment of Non- Responsiveness Kawasaki Disease (静脉注射用丙种球蛋白联合糖皮质激素治疗丙种球蛋白无反应型川崎病) Guo Yihong, Yu Haiguo, Zhang Yayuan, Ma Huihui, Chen Ye, Fan Zhidan, Nanjing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University ...... page:9-11 Comparative Study of Epinephrine and Dopamine in the Treatment of Children with Septic Shock (肾上腺素与多巴胺治疗儿童脓毒性休克疗效比较) Zhu Jinlan, Ma Weike, Shenzhen Children's Hospital ...... page:11-15 The Effect of Budesonide Aerosol Inhalation on Clinical Symptoms,Pulmonary Function and Humoral Immune in Children with Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia (布地奈德雾化吸入对肺炎支原体肺炎患儿临床症状、肺功能及体液免疫功能的影响) Cai Jinlong, Tian Zhiliang, Zhang Chi, Zhang Juan, Qu Shuqiang, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University ...... page:15-17 Drug Resistance Situation and Clinical Efficiency of Azithromycin in Children with Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia (儿童肺炎支原体肺炎耐药情况及阿奇霉素临床疗效观察) Han Xu, Wen Huimin, Miao Naiying, Wang Caihong, Central Hospital of China National Petroleum Corporation ...... page:18-20 The Effect and Regulation of Montelukast on Th17/Treg in Children with Bronchiolitis (孟鲁司特钠对小儿毛细支气管炎TH17/Treg的调节作用及疗效研究) Ying Qin, Qiu Yuebo, Quzhou People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province ...... page:20-22 Anesthesia Effects of Mepivacaine Hydrochloride on Children's Deciduous Teeth Extraction (盐酸甲哌卡因在儿童乳牙拔除中的麻醉效果观察) You Yi, Children's Hospital of Hunan Province ...... page:22-24 The Clinical Significance of Oral Fluconazole in Preventing Fungal Infection in Premature Infants (氟康唑在预防早产儿真菌感染中的临床意义) Chen Ye, The Maternal and Child Health Care Center of Huzhou, Zhejiang Province ...... page:25-28 The Clinical Observation of Dingchuan Decoction Combined with Montelukast Sodium in Children with Cough Variant Asthma (定喘汤加减联合孟鲁司特钠治疗小儿咳嗽变异性哮喘的临床研究) Qin Ping, Changda Hospital of Anshan, Liaoning Province ...... page:28-31 Efficacy and Safety of Three Kinds of Sedative-Hypnotics for Imaging Test in Infants (小儿影像学检查中三种镇静催眠剂的有效性和安全性比较) Zhou Qingchun, Teng Luxia, Liang Jinhua, Heshan People's Hospital of Guangdong Province ...... page:31-33 ben kan te bie huan ying ge lei ji jin ke ti lun wen (本刊特别欢迎各类基金课题论文) ...... page:33 Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Distribution of Silybin Lipid Emulsion in Rats (水飞蓟宾脂肪乳在大鼠体内的药物代谢动力学及组织分布) Zhang Penghua, Liang Jun, Zhang Jing, Dong Yongcheng, Taihe Hospital Affiliated to Hubei Medical College ...... page:34-37 The Survey of Off-Label Drug Use Prescriptions in Pediatric Outpatient Department in 2014 (2014年我院儿科门诊超说明书用药情况调查) He Yanling, Qi Junhua, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center ...... page:37-41 Investigation of Commonly Used Oral Administration Dosage Forms and Medication Compliance for Influenza in Children's Hospital of Shanghai (上海市儿童医院婴幼儿流行性感冒常用口服药剂型及用药依从性调查) Ji Yong, Gu Shenfeng, Qiu Gang, Cai Cheng, Song Zhijun, Yan Chongbin, Chen Yihuan, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, Huashan Hospital Fudan University Jing'an Branch, Shanghai Children's Hospital ...... page:41-44 Analysis of Drug Use of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Our Hospital During 2010 to 2013 (2010-2013年我院新生儿重症监护病房用药分析) Tang Hongbo, Zhuang Taifeng, Wang Fang, Zhu Jianguo, Chong Lingli, Sun Xuemei, Feng Xin, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University ...... page:44-47 Medicine Consultation of Pediatric Outpatient Department: a Retrospective Analysis of 1,471 Cases (某儿童医院1471例门诊用药咨询回顾性分析) Wei Ting, Jin Yan, Tang Shuhan, Yang Ning, Harbin Children's Hospital ...... page:48-50 Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome Associated with Kidney Disease in Children (与儿童肾脏疾病相关的可逆性后部脑白质病综合征) Yang Fan, Wang Mo, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University ...... page:50-54 Progress of Absence Epilepsy in Children (儿童失神癫痫研究进展) Huang Zhongyan, Huang Zhi, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University ...... page:54-57 Treatment Progress in Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (胎粪吸入综合征治疗进展) Zheng Qin, Deng Chun, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University ...... page:58-61 Treatment Progress of Infectious Atelectasis in Children (儿童感染性肺不张治疗进展) Long Yuwen, Li Qubei, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University ...... page:61-64 Treatment of Bronchiolitis in Infants (婴幼儿毛细支气管炎的治疗) Long Fujuan, Li Qubei, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University ...... page:64-66 er ke yao xue za zhi gao yue (《儿科药学杂志》稿约) ...... page:67 CAOD TOC Alerts Note Thank you for choosing CAOD Table of Contents (TOC) Alert Service. 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