Medicine by Sfakianakis Alexandros: 05/15/18

Τρίτη 15 Μαΐου 2018

Primary cutaneous aspergillosis at the site of cyanoacrylate skin adhesive in a neonate

Pediatric Dermatology, EarlyView.

https://ift.tt/2L5M2te

A Common Variation in the Caveolin 1 Gene Is Associated with High Serum Triglycerides and Metabolic Syndrome in an Admixed Latin American Population

Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders, Ahead of Print.

https://ift.tt/2InuB5v

Intraparotid facial nerve schwannoma: two case reports and a review of the literature.

Intraparotid facial nerve schwannoma: two case reports and a review of the literature.

Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 2018 Feb;38(1):73-77

Authors: Simone M, Vesperini E, Viti C, Camaioni A, Lepanto L, Raso F

Abstract
SUMMARY: Schwannomas are rare benign tumours that arise from Schwann cells. The most known and studied is the intracranial vestibular schwannoma, even if it is not the most frequent. More often schwannomas arise from peripheral sensitive nerves, and the vagous is most involved among the cranial nerves. Intraparotid schwannomas account for just 10% of all facial involvement, so they are an extremely rare localisation. At present, there are less than 100 cases described in the literature. We performed a retrospective analysis of parotidectomy in two Italian hospitals and present two cases of intraparotid schwannoma and a review of the literature. In the first case, we performed a parotidectomy with a stripping of tumour from the nerve. In the other case, a hypoglossal-facial neurorrhaphy was performed. Follow-up was 24 months in the first (House-Brackmann II degree in temporal-ocular and III in facial-cervical branches) and 30 months in the second case (House-Brackmann III degree in both temporal-ocular and facial-cervical branches). Preoperative diagnosis of facial nerve schwannoma is a challenge; however, it is extremely important since post-operative palsy is common and often higher grade. Unfortunately, schwannoma has similar radiologic finding as more common pleomorphic adenoma and often FNAC is not helpful. Due to its rarity and benign nature, there is debate in the literature on the need for surgical removal. Wait-and-see is a valid option, but may could give problems in secondary surgery. Stripping or near-total removal can be useful in cases of limited involvement of the nerve. Neurorrhaphy can provide good functional results when facial sacrifice is needed.

PMID: 29756618 [PubMed - in process]

https://ift.tt/2Ihr9xn

Is it possible to define the ideal lips?

Is it possible to define the ideal lips?

Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 2018 Feb;38(1):67-72

Authors: Kar M, Muluk NB, Bafaqeeh SA, Cingi C

Abstract
SUMMARY: The lips are an essential component of the symmetry and aesthetics of the face. Cosmetic surgery to modify the lips has recently gained in popularity, but the results are in some cases disasterous. In this review, we describe the features of the ideal lips for an individual's face. The features of the ideal lips with respect to facial anatomy, important anatomical landmarks of the face, the facial proportions of the lips and ethnic and sexual differences are described. The projection and relative sizes of the upper and lower lips are as significant to lip aesthetics as the proportion of the lips to the rest of the facial structure. Robust, pouty lips are considered to be sexually attractive by both males and females. Horizontal thirds and the golden ratio describe the proportions that contribute to the beauty and attractiveness of the lips. In young Caucasians, the ideal ratio of the vertical height of the upper lip to that of the lower lip is 1:1.6. Blacks, genetically, have a greater lip volume. The shape and volume of a person's lips are of great importance in the perception of beauty by humans. The appearance of the lips in part determines the attractiveness of a person's face. In females, fuller lips in relation to facial width as well as greater vermilion height are considered to be attractive.

PMID: 29756617 [PubMed - in process]

https://ift.tt/2IM0h8b

Treatment of cholesteatoma with intact ossicular chain: anatomic and functional results.

Treatment of cholesteatoma with intact ossicular chain: anatomic and functional results.

Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 2018 Feb;38(1):61-66

Authors: Pontillo V, Barbara F, DE Robertis V, Quaranta N

Abstract
SUMMARY: In case of cholesteatoma with intact ossicular chain, the primary aims of surgery are complete removal of the cholesteatoma matrix and reconstruction of a dry and safe middle ear; if possible, ossicular chain continuity and therefore the preoperative hearing must be preserved. The aim of this retrospective study is to present the experience of the U.O.C. Otorinolaringoiatria Universitaria of University of Bari "Aldo Moro" in treatment of intact ossicular chain cholesteatoma with Bondy modified radical mastoidectomy (BMRM) and canal wall up tympanoplasty (CWUT). The study group was composed of 65 subjects affected by cholesteatoma with intact ossicular chain. Mean age was 40.7 years (range 6-79), with 42 males and 23 females. 30 patients were treated by a BMRM and 35 by CWUT, in 22 cases without mastoidectomy and in 13 cases with mastoidectomy. Mean follow-up was 24.25 months. In the BMRM group, no cases of residual cholesteatoma located in the middle ear space were detected; at follow-up, 1 patient developed a retraction pocket (3.33%), 1 patient showed a small epidermal cysts of the tympanic membrane (3.33%) and 3 patients (10%) experienced otorrhoea. In CWUT, residual cholesteatoma was detected in 2 cases (5.7%); at follow-up, 3 patients presented recurrent cholesteatoma (8.57%; 2, 6 and 8 years after surgery), 3 cases a retraction pocket (8.57%) and one case otorrhoea (2.86%). Statistical analysis showed a significant higher number of residual cholesteatoma in CWUT (p 0.005) and differences in terms of long-term complications. No significant changes in hearing occurred post-operatively or at 1 year follow-up in either group. The current trend in our centre is to perform BMRM when indicated and CWUT preferably without mastoidectomy in case of mesotympanic cholesteatoma with normal OC.

PMID: 29756616 [PubMed - in process]

https://ift.tt/2jVUSgE

Correlation between musical aptitude and learning foreign languages: an epidemiological study in secondary school Italian students.

Correlation between musical aptitude and learning foreign languages: an epidemiological study in secondary school Italian students.

Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 2018 Feb;38(1):51-55

Authors: Picciotti PM, Bussu F, Calò L, Gallus R, Scarano E, DI Cintio G, Cassarà F, D'Alatri L

Abstract
SUMMARY: The aim of this study was to assess if a correlation exists between language learning skills and musical aptitude through the analysis of scholarly outcomes concerning the study of foreign languages and music. We enrolled 502 students from a secondary Italian school (10-14 years old), attending both traditional courses (2 hours/week of music classes scheduled) and special courses (six hours). For statistical analysis, we considered grades in English, French and Music. Our results showed a significant correlation between grades in the two foreign languages and in music, both in the traditional courses and in special courses, and better results in French than for special courses. These results are discussed and interpreted through the literature about neuroanatomical and physiological mechanisms of foreign language learning and music perception.

PMID: 29756615 [PubMed - in process]

https://ift.tt/2Il4aO4

Transoral glossoepiglottopexy in the treatment of adult obstructive sleep apnoea: a surgical approach.

Transoral glossoepiglottopexy in the treatment of adult obstructive sleep apnoea: a surgical approach.

Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 2018 Feb;38(1):38-44

Authors: Roustan V, Barbieri M, Incandela F, Missale F, Camera H, Braido F, Mora R, Peretti G

Abstract
SUMMARY: The treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) is still a matter of debate; among the different therapeutic alternatives, both surgical and conservative, treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is considered the "gold standard". The recent scientific literature reports that even if CPAP represents an effective solution for sleep apnoeas, 12% of patients do not benefit from its use. In most cases, primary collapse of the epiglottis is responsible for failure. We developed a surgical technique that provides a stable support to the epiglottis without influencing its function during swallowing while preserving laryngeal anatomy and physiology. The procedure we propose is based on that conceived by Monnier for children affected by laryngomalacia. We analysed a group of 20 patients who underwent glossoepiglottopexy between January 2015 and September 2016 and compared data (AHI, ODI, t90, ESS, EAT10, etc.) collected before and 6 months after surgery to demonstrate the safety and effectiveness of our glossoepiglottopexy (GEP). The results allow us to consider GEP as a valid choice to treat adults who suffer from sleep apnoeas.

PMID: 29756614 [PubMed - in process]

https://ift.tt/2IHFbrI

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic factor for pharyngocutaneous fistula after total laryngectomy.

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic factor for pharyngocutaneous fistula after total laryngectomy.

Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 2018 Feb;38(1):31-37

Authors: Aires FT, Dedivitis RA, Kulcsar MAV, Ramos DM, Cernea CR

Abstract
SUMMARY: The role of systemic inflammatory response as a prognostic factor has been proposed in a variety of cancers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of the pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in the incidence of pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) in patients who underwent total laryngectomy. We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of 141 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of larynx who underwent total laryngectomy from 2009 to 2015. The incidence of PCF was 49.6%. A higher risk of 23% was observed among patients with NLR > 2.5 for the occurrence of PCF (p = 0.007). Patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma who present elevated values in the ration > LR> (> 2.5) presented a higher risk of developing pharyngocutaneous fistula in the postoperative setting of total laryngectomy.

PMID: 29756613 [PubMed - in process]

https://ift.tt/2Gi0NFx

Cancer of the head and neck: a set of indicators based on register and administrative data.

Cancer of the head and neck: a set of indicators based on register and administrative data.

Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 2018 Feb;38(1):13-23

Authors: Andreano A, Ansarin M, Alterio D, Bruschini R, Valsecchi MG, Russo AG

Abstract
SUMMARY: Head and neck (H&N) tumours are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms with 5-year relative survival ranging from about 25% for the hypopharynx to 60% for the larynx in Europe. To improve survival rates, along with therapeutic improvements, it is important to standardise and optimise care received by patients with H&N tumours across different healthcare providers. To reach this goal, it is necessary to evaluate adherence to standards of received care at a population level. Published guidelines can serve as the basis to develop indicators, which can be computed from administrative health databases, measuring the adherence to specific recommendations at the individual level in unselected H&N cancer patients, identified from a population cancer register. We developed a set of indicators and calculated them in a cohort of 2007-2012 incident cases of H&N tumours in the cancer register of the Milan province (n = 1441 cases). The study cohort was mainly composed of men (77%) and patients older than 50 years (89%). Surgery was the most frequently employed treatment (66%). Ten percent of patients had no recorded treatment. Timing between cyto-histological assessment and first therapy for those having a recorded microscopic verification procedure was ≤ 60 days for 90.4% of patients undergoing surgery, 86.3% of those undergoing radiotherapy, and 90.7% of patients receiving chemotherapy. Eighty-three percent of patients underwent cyto-histological assessment in the 180 days before the first treatment. Evaluation by a pain therapist, opioid therapy or hospitalisation for palliative therapy in the 90 days before death was performed in 51% of patients who eventually died of cancer. This is the first Italian study defining and calculating quality indicators to monitor adherence to standards of care received by H&N cancer patients at a population level.

PMID: 29756612 [PubMed - in process]

https://ift.tt/2rHKvl3

Cochlear obliteration following a translabyrinthine approach and its implications in cochlear implantation.

Cochlear obliteration following a translabyrinthine approach and its implications in cochlear implantation.

Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 2018 Feb;38(1):56-60

Authors: Delgado-Vargas B, Medina M, Polo R, Lloris A, Vaca M, Pérez C, Cordero A, Cobeta I

Abstract
SUMMARY: The most frequent sequelae following a translabyrinthine approach for vestibular schwannoma resection is complete hearing loss on the affected side. Such patients could beneﬁt from a cochlear implant, provided that two essential requisites are met before surgery: a preserved cochlear nerve and a patent cochlea to accommodate the electrode array. The goal of our study is to determine the prevalence and extent of cochlear ossiﬁcation following a translabyrinthine approach. Postoperative MRI of 41 patients were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were classiﬁed according to the degree of cochlear obliteration into three groups (patent cochlea, partially obliterated cochlea and totally obliterated cochlea). The interval between surgery and the ﬁrst MRI was studied as well as its relationship with the rate of cochlear ossiﬁcation. At ﬁrst postoperative MRI (mean interval of 20 months), 78% of patients showed some degree of cochlear ossiﬁcation. Differences were found in the time interval between surgery and ﬁrst MRI for each group, showing a smaller interval of time the patent cochlea group (p > 0.05). When MRI was performed before the ﬁrst year after surgery, a larger rate of patent cochlea was found (p > 0.05). The present study suggests that cochlear ossiﬁcation is a time-depending process, whose grounds are still to be deﬁned.

PMID: 29756611 [PubMed - in process]

https://ift.tt/2IoQH7G

The hump columellar strut: a reliable technique for correction of nasal tip underprojection.

The hump columellar strut: a reliable technique for correction of nasal tip underprojection.

Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 2018 Feb;38(1):45-50

Authors: Giacomini PG, Mocella S, DI Girolamo S, DE Berardinis R, Boccieri A

Abstract
SUMMARY: Nasal tip under projection is often found in rhinoplasty cases both for congenital or post-traumatic deformity. Nasal trauma may result in alteration of the external and internal nasal structures with following aesthetic impairment and difficulties in breathing. Post-traumatic surgery is frequent, but restoration of pre-traumatic form and function remains a challenge. The present paper describes a new method to increase tip projection by a columellar strut harvested from the autologous nasal bone and cartilage of the resected hump. A total of 15 cases (11 women/4 men, mean age 32.6 ± 12.3 years) of major tip projection/misalignment abnormalities to be corrected by increased nasal tip projection were drawn, and all underwent closed or open rhinoplasty with the placement of a bony columellar strut harvested from the resected hump of the patient. Short and long-term advantages of this procedure are to be underlined. Harvesting is routinely performed during dorsal resection and preparation of the graft is easy. Differently from bone of the vomer or the inferior turbinate, this is cortical bone straight in shape and rigid in framework, and therefore ideal to gain reliable tip support overtime. No additional harvesting areas are needed. Placement of this bony strut is carried out in the standard fashion without additional dissection or further procedures. Long-term follow-up shows maintained projection over time. This graft can be combined with various grafting or suturing techniques usually applied according to each surgeon's experience and the needs of each patient.

PMID: 29756610 [PubMed - in process]

https://ift.tt/2jX3vrg

Impact of resection margin status on oncological outcomes after CO2 laser cordectomy.

Impact of resection margin status on oncological outcomes after CO2 laser cordectomy.

Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 2018 Feb;38(1):24-30

Authors: Aluffi Valletti P, Taranto F, Chiesa A, Pia F, Valente G

Abstract
SUMMARY: The management of positive resection margins in micro-endoscopic glottic laser surgery remains a controversial and critical point. This study aims to assess the impact of margin status after transoral laser surgery on local control, survival and organ preservation rates; the decision-making process and treatment options in cases with positive margins are also discussed. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and histological records of 308 consecutive patients with primary early glottic carcinoma (T1a, T1b, selected T2) and treated with endoscopic laser cordectomy. Recurrence rates and survival related to margin status were analysed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Local relapses and disease-free-survival rates were significantly related to excision margin status (p < 0.001). In the T1a category (n = 228) no significant differences were observed in disease-free-survival (p = 0.889) and overall survival (p = 0.426) between patients submitted to further treatment (revision endoscopic surgery or radiotherapy) for positive excision margins and patients who were left untreated. In 20 of 24 (83%) patients with positive margins that were surgically re-excised, no residual carcinoma was detected. Margin status (mainly multifocal and deep positive margins) at first surgery was significantly related to the final organ preservation rate (p < 0.001). Margin status during laser cordectomy in early glottic cancer has a prognostic impact on local control of disease without compromising survival. Patients with multifocal and deep positive borders should be surgically retreated and strictly monitored to increase the organ preservation rates. Careful preparation and mapping of the surgical specimen enhances the accuracy of pathological examination by reducing the risk of overestimate positive margins.

PMID: 29756609 [PubMed - in process]

https://ift.tt/2IlDVqt

Nerve and vein preserving neck dissections for oral cancers: a prospective evaluation of spinal accessory nerve function and internal jugular vein patency following treatment.

Nerve and vein preserving neck dissections for oral cancers: a prospective evaluation of spinal accessory nerve function and internal jugular vein patency following treatment.

Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 2018 Feb;38(1):7-12

Authors: Kumar Reddy GR, Hulikal N, Lakshmi AY, Vengamma B

Abstract
SUMMARY: Nerve and vein preserving modification of the radical neck dissection is commonly used in the management of oral squamous cell cancers. There is limited literature addressing nerve function and vein patency following treatment. We prospectively analysed 65 patients with nerve conduction study using surface electromyography at baseline, 1 month and 6 months post-surgery and colour Doppler of the internal jugular vein at baseline and 1 month post-surgery. We also studied functional outcomes of nerve sparing with arm abduction test and Neck Dissection Quality of Life questionnaire. There was a statistically significant increase in mean latency of motor action potential and decrease in the mean amplitude of the motor action potential following surgery, suggesting nerve dysfunction. Following surgery, there was a significant decrease in the diameter of the vein as well as an increase in the velocity of blood flow; there was partial thrombus in 5% of individuals. In conclusion, even though nerve dysfunction compromised shoulder abduction, vein dysfunction rarely resulted in any significant clinical impact.

PMID: 29756608 [PubMed - in process]

https://ift.tt/2jXH2dG

Anterior palatoplasty in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea - a systemic review.

Anterior palatoplasty in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea - a systemic review.

Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 2018 Feb;38(1):1-6

Authors: Pang KP, Pang EB, Pang KA, Rotenberg B

Abstract
SUMMARY: This study seeks to determine the objective and subjective success rates of anterior palatoplasty and its variants for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). A systematic review with two independent searches of Medline, PubMed, Cochrane Library and Evidence Based Medicine Reviews was performed to identify publications relevant to OSA and anterior palatoplasty. All relevant studies published before 30 June 2015 were included. Six studies were included in the systematic review. The numbers of patients in each paper ranged from 13 to 77 (total = 240), and mean age ranged from 21 to 51 years. Substantial and consistent improvement in polysomnography (PSG) outcomes were observed in patients after the anterior palatoplasty, with or without multilevel surgery. The results showed that the anterior palatoplasty technique provides significantly improvement in the post-operative Apnoea-Hypopnea Index. The mean pre-operative AHI (in the 6 papers) improved from 16.3 to 7.1, the snore visual analogue scale improved from 7.5 to 3.1 and the Epworth score reduced from 11.3 to 7.3 post-operatively. The overall pro-rated pooled success rate for all the patients was 72.5%, with a mean follow-up of 17.3 months. Anterior palatoplasty is an effective option in the management of patients with mild to moderate OSA.

PMID: 29756607 [PubMed - in process]

https://ift.tt/2IlBrsf

The oxen of Oxon Hill Manor: Pathological analyses and cattle husbandry in eighteenth‐century Maryland

International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, EarlyView.

https://ift.tt/2IjdlCt

Periodontitis in the historical population of Radom (Poland) from the 11th to 19th centuries

International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, EarlyView.

https://ift.tt/2jZWeqX

Multidisciplinary management of periocular tumour excision repair

Australasian Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.

https://ift.tt/2IGmZOX

High burden of atopy in immigrant families in substandard apartments in Sweden – on the contribution of bad housing to poor health in vulnerable populations

Atopic disorders are a global concern. Studies in migrant populations can illuminate the interplay of genetic and environmental factors. Exposures related to bad housing (indoor dampness, mould growth, crowdin...

https://ift.tt/2IMS045

Physical Inactivity from Youth to Adulthood and Risk of Impaired Glucose Metabolism

Introduction Physical activity (PA) is important in the prevention and treatment of impaired glucose metabolism. However, association of physical inactivity during the transition between childhood and adulthood with glucose metabolism is unknown. Therefore, we studied the association of persistent physical inactivity since childhood with glucose metabolism in adulthood. Methods Data were drawn from the ongoing, Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study with repeated follow-ups between 1980 and 2011 (baseline age, 3–18 yr; n = 3596). Impaired glucose metabolism was defined as having impaired fasting glucose (6.1–6.9 mmol·L−1) or type 2 diabetes in adulthood. Leisure-time PA habits were repeatedly collected with a standardized questionnaire and expressed as a PA Index. Using PA Index, four groups were formed (n = 2000): 1) persistently low PA, 2) decreasingly active, 3) increasingly active, and 4) persistently active subjects. Poisson regression model was used to examine the association between PA groups and impaired glucose metabolism. Results The proportion of the sample with impaired glucose metabolism was 16.1% in individuals with persistently low PA, 14.5% in decreasingly active, 6.8% in increasingly active, and 11.1% in persistently active. Compared with individuals with persistently low PA, age and sex-adjusted risk for impaired glucose metabolism were lower in those who increased PA (relative risk [RR], 0.47; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.29–0.76) and in those who were persistently active (RR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.51–0.97), but similar in those who decreased PA (RR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.66–1.36). Conclusions Persistently physically inactive lifestyle from youth to adulthood is associated with increased risk of impaired glucose metabolism in adulthood. Importantly, a moderate increase in PA lowered the risk. The results highlight the importance of avoiding physically inactive lifestyle at all stages of life.

https://ift.tt/2IMHZUx

Exercise Effects on Adipose Tissue Postprandial Lipolysis and Blood Flow in Children

Poor suppression of lipolysis and blunted increase in blood flow after meal ingestion in obese adults may indicate resistance to the antilipolytic action of insulin. Exercise may be used to normalize lipolytic responses to food intake by increasing insulin sensitivity. Purpose To determine if acute bouts of aerobic exercise and/or excise training alter lipolytic and blood flow responses to food intake in lean (LN) and obese (OB) children. Methods Sixty-five children (9–11 yr) were randomized into acute exercise (EX: 16 LN and 28 OB) or control (CON: 9 LN and 12 OB) groups that exercised (EX), or rested (CON) between standardized breakfast and lunch. Microdialysis probes were inserted into the subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue to monitor interstitial glycerol (lipolysis) and blood flow. Changes in interstitial glycerol and nutritive flow were calculated from dialysate samples before and after each meal. A subgroup (OB = 15 and LN = 9) from the acute exercise group underwent 16 wk of aerobic exercise training. Results Poor suppression of lipolysis and a blunted increase in adipose tissue nutritive blood flow in response to breakfast was associated with BMI percentile (r = 0.3, P

https://ift.tt/2IooEWa

Exercise Protects against Cancer-induced Cardiac Cachexia

Cancer has been shown to negatively stimulate autophagy, leading to a decline in cardiac function. Although exercise is cardioprotective, its influence over autophagy-mediated tumor growth and cardiac function are not well defined. Purpose This study aimed to determine the effect of exercise on tumor morphology and cardiac function. Methods Fisher 344 rats (n = 28) were assigned to one of four groups: 1) sedentary non-tumor bearing (SED), 2) sedentary tumor bearing (SED + T), 3) wheel run non-tumor bearing (WR), or 4) wheel run tumor bearing (WR + T). Rats remained sedentary or exercised for 6 wk. At week 4, rats in tumor groups were inoculated with MatBIII tumor cells. At week 6, cardiac function was measured. Results SED + T animals exhibited significantly lower left ventricular developed pressure when compared with SED, WR, and WR + T (P

https://ift.tt/2IGQ7FU

Simultaneous Septal Perforation Repair with Septorhinoplasty: A 31-Year Experience

Facial plast Surg
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1654675

Septal perforation repair and septorhinoplasty (SRP) each present unique surgical challenges. However, in many instances, these procedures may be performed together successfully. In this study, the authors aim to determine the safety and effectiveness of combining primary or revision SRP and septal perforation repair via an open approach. A retrospective review was carried out of all consecutive patients who had SRP and septal perforation repair via an open approach between 1986 and 2017 in the senior author's practice. Perforation closure in surgery and at the patient's last follow-up, resolution of presenting symptoms, cosmetic results, and complications were analyzed. Records for 141 patients who had simultaneous septal perforation repair and SRP via an open approach, with a mean follow-up of 3.24 years, were reviewed. The mean anterior–posterior perforation dimension was 1.41 ± 0.89 cm, and the mean vertical perforation dimension was 1.16 ± 0.59 cm. The most common etiologies for septal perforation were previous SRP (35.4%) and septoplasty (24.1%). An overall 93.6%, perforation closure, 91.1% symptom relief, and 91.2% patient satisfaction with cosmetic results were achieved. Septal perforations under 1.5 cm in height were closed in 96.7% of patients as opposed to 71.4% of patients with perforations 1.5 cm or taller. Minor revision rhinoplasties were performed in 7.0% of patients. Postoperative infections were rare and noted in only two (1.4%) patients. In the largest study of its kind to date, the authors have shown that in experienced hands septal perforation repair may be performed simultaneously with primary or revision SRP via an open approach without compromising the perforation repair outcome. The vertical dimension of a septal perforation and presence of mucosa above and below a perforation are important considerations for the difficulty of a perforation closure, as septal mucosa is recruited from these locations in our technique of four-quadrant intranasal bipedicled mucosal advancement flap closure.
[...]

Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents | Abstract | Full text

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Comprehensive Surgical Strategies for the Management of Pachydermoperiostosis

Facial plast Surg
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1653992

The cosmetic and functional deformities induced by thickened folds and furrows are the main complaints of patients in pachydermoperiostosis (PDP). However, traditional drug therapy only has a limited effect for its unclear genetic pathogenesis. Surgical treatment has now become one of the optimal strategies mainly aiming for its cosmetic improvement. Here we describe a comprehensive management of PDP approached with surgical procedure thereby showing markedly improved cosmetic outcome. Experientially, the surgical treatment of PDP is effective and may be preferentially recommended for PDP patients especially of severe degree.
[...]

Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents | Abstract | Full text

https://ift.tt/2k0JxMA

Erratum: Intra-Arterial Thrombolytic Therapy Is Not a Therapeutic Option for Filler-Related Central Retinal Artery Occlusion

Facial plast Surg
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1656550

Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents | Full text

https://ift.tt/2Kq4RpM

A stepped approach for the management of symptomatic internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint

Improved symptomatic, functional, and fluoroscopic outcomes following serial “series of three” double-balloon dilation for cricopharyngeus muscle dysfunction

Reporting quality of randomized controlled trials in otolaryngology: review of adherence to the CONSORT statement

Randomized controlled trials are the gold standard in medical and surgical research to assess the efficacy of therapeutic interventions. The reporting of these trials should be of high quality to allow readers...

https://ift.tt/2Ktz7QS

Dermatology education in internal medicine residency programs: A nationwide survey of program directors

https://ift.tt/2KpTuOz

Transoral videolaryngoscopic surgery for papillary carcinoma arising in lingual thyroid

Carcinoma arising in lingual thyroid is an extremely rare entity accounting for only 1% of all reported ectopic thyroids. Here, we report a case of carcinoma arising in lingual thyroid, which has been successfully managed by transoral resection and bilateral neck dissections.A lingual mass 4-cm in diameter with calcification was incidentally detected by computed tomography at medical check-up. No thyroid tissue was observed in normal position. Ultrasound examination showed bilateral multiple lymphadenopathies.

https://ift.tt/2wJ7rW3

Miriam’s Journey to Sound

"It was one of the best days of my life," says Miriam Green in an emotionally charged voice. "I wish... Read the full article...

https://ift.tt/2IGWBoh

Save the Date: Dr. Steven Zeitels to Speak at ORL Frontiers Next Month

Steven Marc Zeitels, MD, is the invited speaker for ORL Frontiers 2018, which will be held Saturday, June 23, at... Read the full article...

https://ift.tt/2Iq7JT7

Amber Luong, MD, PhD Recognized as Trailblazer

Amber Luong, MD, PhD, associate professor of otorhinolaryngology, has been recognized with the 2017 Helen F. Krause, MD Memorial Trailblazer... Read the full article...

https://ift.tt/2k2NUXb

Laparoscopic splenectomy for solitary splenic metastasis in a patient with ovarian cancer with a long disease-free interval: a case report

In general, splenic metastasis of epithelial ovarian cancer is considered a terminal stage resulting in widespread metastasis. Solitary splenic metastasis of epithelial ovarian cancer is rare in patients with ...

https://ift.tt/2Gkxke5

Dengue fever complicated with Guillain-Barré syndrome: a case report and review of the literature

Dengue is an arboviral infection classically presenting with fever, arthralgia, headache, and rashes. It is hyperendemic in Sri Lanka and has a major impact on health. Neurological complications of dengue feve...

https://ift.tt/2rIvC1F

Reply to Garg and Martin: The mechanism works [Biological Sciences]

Garg and Martin (1) formulate two problems regarding our recent modeling paper (2), demonstrating how prudent predation and farming by a phagotrophic host could lead to endosymbiotic establishment and how they might have had a role in the origin of mitochondria. We see three main problematic items in Garg and...

https://ift.tt/2Iipmbn

Reply to Obadia et al.: Effect of methyl paraben on host-microbiota interactions in Drosophila melanogaster [Biological Sciences]

Obadia et al. (1) suggest that variation in the concentration of the fly media fungicide methyl paraben (mp) (also known as Tegosept or Nipagin) can restrict gut microbial growth and diversity (2, 3), and that this could provide insight into conflicting data on the role of the gut microbiome in...

https://ift.tt/2IiqxYg

Asking endosymbionts to do an enzyme’s ȷob [Biological Sciences]

Zachar et al. (1) present a mathematical model for the origin of mitochondria in which the initial role of the mitochondrial symbiont was that of a food particle for its host. In their model, the bacterial endosymbiont can be freely acquired by a phagocytosing, amitochondriate host cell [an archezoan, in...

https://ift.tt/2rLvZYH

Dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant during general anesthesia

https://ift.tt/2IqZLc8

Outcomes and prognostic factors for parotid acinic cell Carcinoma: A National Cancer Database study of 2362 cases

Publication date: July 2018
Source:Oral Oncology, Volume 82
Author(s): Claudia Scherl, Masanari G. Kato, Evren Erkul, Evan M. Graboyes, Shaun A. Nguyen, Angela C. Chi, Patrick F. Morgan, Terry A. Day
ObjectivesTo evaluate the demographics, clinical features, survival outcomes, and prognostic indicators of patients with acinic cell carcinoma (ACC) of the parotid gland with emphasis on the roles of grade, tumor size, and nodal status in survival.Materials and methodsA retrospective analysis of cases diagnosed between 2004 and 2012 from the National Cancer Database was performed. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with survival.Results2362 cases were identified. Most patients were females (61.3%) and Caucasian (85.4%) with a median age of 54 years (range, 18–90 years). Most tumors were <3 cm in size (75.8%). Regional metastases and high-grade histology were rare (8.2%, 5.1%). All patients received surgery as primary treatment with 42.7% of patients receiving adjuvant radiation therapy or chemoradiotherapy. 5 year overall survival was 88.6%. On multivariable analysis, age >70 years (hazard ratio [HR]: 10.05, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.64–17.91), high-grade (HR: 5.30, 95% CI: 3.39–8.29), tumor size of 3 to 6 cm (HR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.10–2.12), tumor size >6 cm (HR: 2.98, 95% CI: 1.681–5.289), pN2+ (HR: 3.14, 95% CI: 2.10–4.69), T4 (HR: 2.89, 95% CI: 1.74–4.80) were significant prognosticators.ConclusionAlthough patients with ACC generally are considered to have a favorable prognosis, an aggressive subgroup with poor outcomes was identified. This group is characterized by high-grade, advanced T classification, tumors larger than 3 cm, with regional metastases and age greater than 70 years. Histologic grade is a substantially stronger predictor of survival than T and N classifications.

https://ift.tt/2wIKa6p

Diet influences host-microbiota associations in Drosophila [Biological Sciences]

Gut microbes were previously suggested to influence mate preference in Drosophila melanogaster (1). Mate selectivity depended on the microbiota associated with flies after prior generations were maintained on different diets [cornmeal–molasses–yeast (CMY) versus starch] (1). Subsequent studies attempted to repeat these findings with contrasting success (2, 3). We suggest that...

https://ift.tt/2rKktN7

Correction for Sanjak et al., Evidence of directional and stabilizing selection in contemporary humans [Correction]

EVOLUTION Correction for "Evidence of directional and stabilizing selection in contemporary humans," by Jaleal S. Sanjak, Julia Sidorenko, Matthew R. Robinson, Kevin R. Thornton, and Peter M. Visscher, which was first published December 18, 2017; 10.1073/pnas.1707227114 (Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 115:151–156). The authors note that on page 152, right...

https://ift.tt/2L2MYyo

Imaging mycobacterial growth and division with a fluorogenic probe [Chemistry]

Control and manipulation of bacterial populations requires an understanding of the factors that govern growth, division, and antibiotic action. Fluorescent and chemically reactive small molecule probes of cell envelope components can visualize these processes and advance our knowledge of cell envelope biosynthesis (e.g., peptidoglycan production). Still, fundamental gaps remain in...

https://ift.tt/2ImwWC5

Comparative terrestrial feed and land use of an aquaculture-dominant world [Sustainability Science]

Reducing food production pressures on the environment while feeding an ever-growing human population is one of the grand challenges facing humanity. The magnitude of environmental impacts from food production, largely around land use, has motivated evaluation of the environmental and health benefits of shifting diets, typically away from meat toward...

https://ift.tt/2rIPaSZ

Lipidomic profiling reveals soluble epoxide hydrolase as a therapeutic target of obesity-induced colonic inflammation [Pharmacology]

Obesity is associated with enhanced colonic inflammation, which is a major risk factor for colorectal cancer. Considering the obesity epidemic in Western countries, it is important to identify novel therapeutic targets for obesity-induced colonic inflammation, to develop targeted strategies for prevention. Eicosanoids are endogenous lipid signaling molecules involved in regulating...

https://ift.tt/2rKczUd

Cell-specific discrimination of desmosterol and desmosterol mimetics confers selective regulation of LXR and SREBP in macrophages [Physiology]

Activation of liver X receptors (LXRs) with synthetic agonists promotes reverse cholesterol transport and protects against atherosclerosis in mouse models. Most synthetic LXR agonists also cause marked hypertriglyceridemia by inducing the expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)1c and downstream genes that drive fatty acid biosynthesis. Recent studies demonstrated that...

https://ift.tt/2rLl1Cj

Quantum indistinguishability in chemical reactions [Applied Physical Sciences]

Quantum indistinguishability plays a crucial role in many low-energy physical phenomena, from quantum fluids to molecular spectroscopy. It is, however, typically ignored in most high-temperature processes, particularly for ionic coordinates, implicitly assumed to be distinguishable, incoherent, and thus well approximated classically. We explore enzymatic chemical reactions involving small symmetric molecules...

https://ift.tt/2rKKDzh

Escherichia coli cultures maintain stable subpopulation structure during long-term evolution [Evolution]

How genetic variation is generated and maintained remains a central question in evolutionary biology. When presented with a complex environment, microbes can take advantage of genetic variation to exploit new niches. Here we present a massively parallel experiment where WT and repair-deficient (∆mutL) Escherichia coli populations have evolved over 3...

https://ift.tt/2rIPcu5

Green function of correlated genes in a minimal mechanical model of protein evolution [Biophysics and Computational Biology]

The function of proteins arises from cooperative interactions and rearrangements of their amino acids, which exhibit large-scale dynamical modes. Long-range correlations have also been revealed in protein sequences, and this has motivated the search for physical links between the observed genetic and dynamic cooperativity. We outline here a simplified theory...

https://ift.tt/2L3KP5Q

FACT complex is required for DNA demethylation at heterochromatin during reproduction in Arabidopsis [Plant Biology]

The DEMETER (DME) DNA glycosylase catalyzes genome-wide DNA demethylation and is required for endosperm genomic imprinting and embryo viability. Targets of DME-mediated DNA demethylation reside in small, euchromatic, AT-rich transposons and at the boundaries of large transposons, but how DME interacts with these diverse chromatin states is unknown. The STRUCTURE...

https://ift.tt/2rKKzQ3

Local initiation conditions for water autoionization [Chemistry]

The pH of liquid water is determined by the infrequent process in which water molecules split into short-lived hydroxide and hydronium ions. This reaction is difficult to probe experimentally and challenging to simulate. One of the open questions is whether the local water structure around a slightly stretched OH bond...

https://ift.tt/2rLL4JG

Distinct roles of resident and nonresident macrophages in nonischemic cardiomyopathy [Medical Sciences]

Nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) resulting from long-standing hypertension, valvular disease, and genetic mutations is a major cause of heart failure worldwide. Recent observations suggest that myeloid cells can impact cardiac function, but the role of tissue-intrinsic vs. tissue-extrinsic myeloid cells in NICM remains poorly understood. Here, we show that cardiac resident...

https://ift.tt/2rLvZrF

Tunneling explains efficient electron transport via protein junctions [Chemistry]

Metalloproteins, proteins containing a transition metal ion cofactor, are electron transfer agents that perform key functions in cells. Inspired by this fact, electron transport across these proteins has been widely studied in solid-state settings, triggering the interest in examining potential use of proteins as building blocks in bioelectronic devices. Here,...

https://ift.tt/2L2Frjl

Comparative genomics of the nonlegume Parasponia reveals insights into evolution of nitrogen-fixing rhizobium symbioses [Plant Biology]

Nodules harboring nitrogen-fixing rhizobia are a well-known trait of legumes, but nodules also occur in other plant lineages, with rhizobia or the actinomycete Frankia as microsymbiont. It is generally assumed that nodulation evolved independently multiple times. However, molecular-genetic support for this hypothesis is lacking, as the genetic changes underlying nodule...

https://ift.tt/2rLXVLZ

Histone demethylase JMJD1A promotes alternative splicing of AR variant 7 (AR-V7) in prostate cancer cells [Biochemistry]

Formation of the androgen receptor splicing variant 7 (AR-V7) is one of the major mechanisms by which resistance of prostate cancer to androgen deprivation therapy occurs. The histone demethylase JMJD1A (Jumonji domain containing 1A) functions as a key coactivator for AR by epigenetic regulation of H3K9 methylation marks. Here, we...

https://ift.tt/2rIQJQX

Insulin promoter in human pancreatic {beta} cells contacts diabetes susceptibility loci and regulates genes affecting insulin metabolism [Cell Biology]

Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes involve a complex interplay between genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Our laboratory has been interested in the physical interactions, in nuclei of human pancreatic β cells, between the insulin (INS) gene and other genes that are involved in insulin metabolism. We have identified,...

https://ift.tt/2Ij2Z5F

Faktenblatt: Epidemiologie des malignen Melanoms in Deutschland

Zusammenfassung

Dieses Faktenblatt bietet eine Übersicht über die Epidemiologie zum malignen Melanom in Deutschland, dabei wird für beide Geschlechter die Inzidenz und Mortalität sowie das 10-Jahres-Überleben für das maligne Melanom insgesamt und für einzelne histologische Subtypen dargestellt.

https://ift.tt/2GjsRbM

The Johns Hopkins Burn Center Welcomes New Director

C. Scott Hultman, M.D., M.B.A., F.A.C.S., has joined the Department of Plastic Surgery as the new director of the Johns Hopkins Burn Center. He also will join the faculty at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine as a professor of plastic and reconstructive surgery.

https://ift.tt/2IpsRc9

Management of tinnitus in children: Review of literature and effect of counseling

Publication date: August 2018
Source:Auris Nasus Larynx, Volume 45, Issue 4
Author(s): Doh Young Lee, Ji Young Lee, Young Ho Kim
ObjectiveTinnitus in children has not been studied sufficiently to date. And, there is no consensus regarding the management of tinnitus in children. Tinnitus counseling can be considered as the most basic tool among therapeutic options of tinnitus in children. In this article, the importance of management in children with tinnitus is highlighted through the review of the literature. Also, we present survey results regarding usefulness and necessity of tinnitus counseling provided from parents of children with tinnitus.MethodsStudies reporting the management of pediatric tinnitus were reviewed by searching the Pubmed (MEDLINE) databases for studies published from 1980 through 2017. Three articles were eligible for review in terms of quantitative measurement of tinnitus improvement. Survey for eighteen participants were performed who visited our clinic, improvement by counseling and subjective benefit were evaluated by questionnaire. Various demographic and audiologic parameters were subjected into correlation analysis of benefit of counseling.ResultsThree studies which included management of pediatric tinnitus were reviewed. One article reported that children with hearing loss failed to show improvement of tinnitus by hearing aids. However, recent two articles showed that children with or without hearing loss showed fair improvement of tinnitus by tinnitus retraining therapy and noise generator. The survey demonstrated that overall 83.3% showed subjective improvement by tinnitus counseling. Among demographic and audiological parameters, benefit from counseling was significantly associated with age and presence of hearing loss (p=0.037 and p=0.005, respectively).ConclusionsPediatric tinnitus is likely to have a higher chance of improvement by counseling alone or combination therapy without medication. Conservative management of tinnitus based on education and counseling instead of medical or surgical treatment should be developed more.

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Editorial Board

Publication date: August 2018
Source:Auris Nasus Larynx, Volume 45, Issue 4

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3D-constructive interference into steady state (3D-CISS) labyrinth signal alteration in patients with vestibular schwannoma

Publication date: August 2018
Source:Auris Nasus Larynx, Volume 45, Issue 4
Author(s): Franca Wagner, Evelyn Herrmann, Roland Wiest, Andreas Raabe, Corrado Bernasconi, Marco Caversaccio, Dominique Vibert
ObjectiveTo evaluate signal intensity of the inner ear using 3D-CISS imaging and correlated signal characteristics in patients with vestibular schwannoma to neuro-otological symptoms.MethodsSixty patients with unilateral vestibular schwannoma were retrospectively reviewed. All patients had had initial and follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Individual treatment strategies consisted of "wait-and-watch", surgical tumour resection, stereotactic radiosurgery or both surgery and stereotactic radiosurgery. For all patients a complete baseline and treatment course neuro-otological examination was re-studied.ResultsOn initial MRI, 3D-CISS sequence signal loss of the membranous labyrinth was present in 20 patients (33.3%); signal loss of cochlea in 20 (33.3%) and coincident signal loss of sacculus/utriculus in 17 (85%) of them. Sequential analysis of follow-up MRI series demonstrated slightly increased labyrinthine signal degradation, independently of the chosen therapy. Correlation of initial MRI results with initial neuro-otological symptoms showed significance only for cochlear obstruction versus vertigo (p=0.0397) and sacculus/utriculus obstruction versus vertigo (p=0.0336). No other statistically significant relationships were noted.Conclusion3D-constructive interference into steady state (3D-CISS) is appropriate for observing inner ear signal loss in patients with vestibular schwannoma. However, except for vertigo, no significant correlation was noted between initial neuro-otological symptomatology and signal loss of the inner ear.

https://ift.tt/2rJlR3D

Cochlear implant function in a patient with Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome after defibrillation by countershock

Publication date: August 2018
Source:Auris Nasus Larynx, Volume 45, Issue 4
Author(s): Shinsuke Kaneshiro, Harukazu Hiraumi, Kirito Shimamoto, Kaori Sasamori, Yumiko Kobayashi, Hiroaki Sato
Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome (JLNS), a rare autosomal recessive congenital QT prolongation syndrome, is characterized by cardiac arrhythmias, syncopal episodes, and profound deafness. A cochlear implant (CI) for patients with JLNS is expected to result in hearing improvement. Sometimes, defibrillation is required if a patient experiences lethal arrhythmia. In this paper, we report a pediatric patient with JLNS who received defibrillation after CI surgery in his right ear at the age of 2 years. With intensive care, the post-operative course was uneventful, and the patient acquired satisfactory speech and hearing abilities. Five years after the surgery, he underwent defibrillation because of the incidence of syncopal attack. Thereafter, arrhythmic syncope recurred three times, which necessitated defibrillation therapy. To prevent recurrence of cardiac arrhythmia, he underwent ICD (implantable cardioverter-defibrillator) implantation at the age of 11 years. At present, CI works well and provides good hearing, while syncopal attack is prevented by ICD. From the experience of this case, electronic circuit of CI is thought to tolerate emergency countershock if the speech processor is removed.

https://ift.tt/2KpvpHH

Adenoid cystic carcinoma of head and neck: A retrospective clinical analysis of a single institution

Publication date: August 2018
Source:Auris Nasus Larynx, Volume 45, Issue 4
Author(s): Chin-Fang Chang, Ming-Yu Hsieh, Mu-Kuan Chen, Ming-Chih Chou

https://ift.tt/2IkTOS6

Parvovirus B19 induced red cell aplasia in a heart transplant patient diagnosed on pleural fluid

No abstract available

https://ift.tt/2IGGUxs

On Reporting of the Outcomes from Clinical Trials; a Call to Order

No abstract available

https://ift.tt/2wGFdLF

Association between duration of delayed graft function, acute rejection and allograft outcome after deceased donor kidney transplantation

Background Prolonged duration of delayed graft function (DGF) may be associated with adverse allograft outcomes, but the association between threshold duration of DGF, acute rejection and long-term allograft loss remains undefined. We aimed to determine the impact of DGF duration on allograft outcomes and to assess whether this association was mediated by acute rejection. Methods Using data from the Australian and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant (ANZDATA) registry, Cox proportional modelling was used to determine the association between quartiles of DGF duration, acute rejection at 6 months and death-censored graft loss (DCGL). Mediation analysis was conducted to determine whether acute rejection was a causal intermediate between DGF and DCGL. Results Of 7668 deceased donor kidney transplants between 1997-2014, 1497 (19.5%) recipients experienced DGF requiring dialysis. The median (interquartile range) duration of DGF was 7(9) days, with 25% requiring dialysis for ≥14 days. Among recipients who had experienced DGF duration of 1-4 days, the adjusted HR for duration of 5-7, 8-13 and ≥14 days were 1.13 (95%CI 0.83-1.55;p=0.43), 1.44 (1.08-1.91;p=0.013), and 1.99 (1.50-2.65;p

https://ift.tt/2jX8LLG

Pregnancy and Heart Transplantation: Giving Birth After a New Life

No abstract available

https://ift.tt/2KsFNyB

A new life: motherhood after heart transplantation. A single center experience and review of literature

Background Pregnancy after heart transplantation (HTx) may expose the recipient to hemodynamic and immunologic risks, and the newborn to toxic effects of immunosuppressive therapy. Adequate preconception counseling is crucial to identify optimal timing and to modify immunosuppressive therapy in order to minimize risks for both the mother and the fetus. Method We describe our experience with 12 pregnancies occurred in 11 women who had undergone HTx at our center. Results Pregnancies ran without severe complications or rejections, and none of the babies shown major defects at birth. However, as reported in the literature, weight at birth rated in lower range in most of the newborns, probably due to in utero cyclosporine exposure. Up to now, none of the babies showed clinical signs of heart disease, although more than half of the mothers had an inherited or familial cardiomyopathy. Conclusions Despite potential mother and fetal complications, successful pregnancy and delivery are possible after HTx, provided that optimum timing, close monitoring and therapy adjustments are guaranteed. Becoming a mother appears to be an important achievement for young women after HTx, even when there is the risk to transmit an inheritable heart disease. Address for correspondance: Francesca Macera: francesca.macera@ospedaleniguarda.it DISCLOSURES The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. AUTHORSHIP: MF, OL, MV acquired the data. MF, OL drafted the manuscript. MG, FM made critical revision for key intellectual contents. Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

https://ift.tt/2IEccFb

The Anti-inflammatory Effect of Hydrogen on Lung Transplantation Model of Pulmonary Microvascular Endothelial Cells During Cold Storage Period

Background Lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI) remains an important factor for the early mortality of lung transplantations. Hydrogen (H2) can attenuate lung injury and improve lung function in animal experiments. In previous studies, pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) were used to simulate LIRI. We hypothesized that H2 can alleviate inflammatory injury in a PMVECs lung transplantation model in the cold ischemia phase. Methods PMVECs were divided into 4 groups: Blank, Control, Oxygen (O2), and Hydrogen (H2). The Blank group included PMVECs without treatment. During the cold storage period, the O2 group was aerated with 40% O2 and 60% N2, and the H2 group was aerated with 3% H2, 40% O2 and 57% N2. The Control group was aerated without gases. The mixed gases were replaced every 20 min for 4 h. During the transplantation period, the sealed containers were warmed for 1 h at room temperature. In the reperfusion period, the containers were aerated with 50% O2, 5% CO2 and 45% N2 at 37 °C. Results The concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-α in the extracellular solutions were significantly decreased, and the concentration of IL-10 was increased in the H2 group. ICAM-1 expression was inhibited by hydrogen. Furthermore, hydrogen decreased the activation of NF-κB and phosphorylation level of p38. Cell apoptosis was alleviated. The pathological changes in the cell and mitochondria were alleviated after hydrogen administration. Conclusion Hydrogen attenuated inflammatory response in a PMVECs lung transplantation model during cold storage. The effect may be achieved by inhibition of p38 MAPK and NF-κB pathways. Correspondence information: Huacheng Zhou, Department of Anesthesiology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China. Email: zhouhuacheng@163.com AUTHORSHIP Guangchao Zhang √_ Conceived and designed the research; √_ Analyzed the data; √_ Performed statistical analysis; √_ Handled funding and supervision; √_ Drafted the manuscript; √_Made critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content Zhe Li √_ Conceived and designed the research; √_ Acquired the data; √_ Performed statistical analysis; √_ Drafted the manuscript; √_Made critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content Chao Meng √_ Conceived and designed the research; √_ Acquired the data; √_Made critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content Jiyu Kang √_ Conceived and designed the research; √_ Acquired the data; √_Made critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content Mengdi Zhang √_ Acquired the data; √_ Analyzed the data; √_Made critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content Liangjuan Ma √_ Analyzed the data; √_Made critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content Huacheng Zhou √_ Conceived and designed the research; √_ Analyzed the data; √_ Performed statistical analysis; √_Made critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content Disclosure: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. Funding: The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: The National Nature Science Foundation of China (Grant 81570088). Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Nicht metastasiertes Rektumkarzinom

Zusammenfassung

Die Chirurgie nimmt die Schlüsselrolle in der kurativen Therapie des Rektumkarzinoms ein. Bei Niedrigrisikokarzinomen genügt die Vollwandexzision. Fortgeschrittenere oder biologisch aggressivere Karzinome im Stadium I werden im Sinne einer total mesorektalen Exzision operiert. Karzinome im Stadium II/III des oberen Drittels werden meist wie Kolonkarzinome behandelt. Bei ausgedehntem lymphogenem Befall oder organüberschreitendem Wachstum ist eine neoadjuvante Radiochemotherapie (RCTX) vor der Operation sinnvoll. Karzinome im Stadium II/III des unteren/mittleren Drittels werden multimodal behandelt. Dabei ist die neoadjuvante RCTX effektiver als die adjuvante, bei gleichzeitig besserer Verträglichkeit. Die Operation erfolgt nach einem Intervall von 6 bis 8 Wochen. In frühen Tumorstadien mit klinisch unsicherem Lymphknotenbefall kann der Verzicht auf die neoadjuvante RCTX gerechtfertigt sein. Bei kleinen Tumoren ohne Lymphknotenmetastasen ist alternativ auch ein organerhaltendes Vorgehen möglich.

https://ift.tt/2KmcrSc

Comparison of the peripheral antinociceptive effect of somatostatin with bupivacaine and morphine in the rodent postoperative pain model

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Infiltration of surgical wound with local anaesthetics attenuate postoperative pain. However, side effects can also occur. Somatostatin (SST) and its analogues like octreotide reportedly reduce peripheral sensitisation. The current study evaluates peripherally mediated antinociceptive effect of SST in a rat model of postoperative pain. This was compared with bupivacaine and morphine under identical experimental conditions. DESIGN Randomised vehicle-controlled blind study. SETTING Pain research laboratory, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi from February 2014 to July 2017. EXPERIMENTAL SUBJECT Rodent hind paw incision model. INTERVENTIONS Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to incision and one of the following drugs administered into the open wound once by a micropipette: SST (10, 30 or 100 μg), bupivacaine (3, 10, 30, 50 or 100 μg) or morphine (100 μg). Antinociceptive effect of SST was further evaluated for its reversibility, site of action, effect on spinal c-fos expression and blood glucose level. The site of action of morphine was also investigated. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Nociception was estimated by nonevoked (guarding behaviour) and evoked (mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia) pain behaviours between 2 h and days 4 to 7. RESULTS Nociception was maximum 2 h after incision. SST (10 to 100 μg) significantly attenuated guarding behaviour between 2 h and day 2. A delayed inhibitory effect was observed on allodynia. Bupivacaine (10 to 100 μg doses) similarly decreased guarding score up to day 2 though evoked pain behaviours were relatively unaffected. In contrast, morphine produced a potent but transient inhibitory effect on guarding score at 2 h, which was mediated by both peripheral and central opioid receptors. The antinociceptive effect of SST was peripherally mediated by type 2 receptors and was associated with decreased c-fos staining. Blood glucose level was unaltered. CONCLUSION Guarding behaviour, which likely represents pain-at-rest following surgery, was attenuated by both bupivacaine and SST to comparable extents. This novel peripherally mediated antinociceptive effect of SST needs further evaluation. Correspondence to Subrata Basu Ray, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India Tel: +91 11 26593453; fax: +91 11 26588641; e-mail: raysb48@gmail.com Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's Website (https://ift.tt/2ylyqmW). © 2018 European Society of Anaesthesiology

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Scientists Develop Method to Tweak Tiny ‘Antenna’ on Cells

Scientists at Johns Hopkins Medicine and the National Tsing Hua University in Taiwan say they have found a fast way to manipulate a cell's cilia, the tiny, fingerlike protrusions that "feel" and sense their microscopic environment. The experiments, performed in mouse cells, may advance scientists' efforts to not only understand how the nanosized antennae work, but also how to repair them.

https://ift.tt/2IKJRwP

Destructive sampling natural science collections: an overview for museum professionals and researchers

Freedman, J; van Dorp, LB; Brace, S; (2018) Destructive sampling natural science collections: an overview for museum professionals and researchers. Journal of Natural Science Collections , 5 pp. 21-34. Green open access

https://ift.tt/2wHJ7Uu

Plasma and CSF pharmacokinetics of meropenem in neonates and young infants: results from the NeoMero studies

Germovsek, E; Lutsar, I; Kipper, K; Karlsson, MO; Planche, T; Chazallon, C; Meyer, L; ... NeoMero Consortium, ; + view all Germovsek, E; Lutsar, I; Kipper, K; Karlsson, MO; Planche, T; Chazallon, C; Meyer, L; Trafojer, UMT; Metsvaht, T; Fournier, I; Sharland, M; Heath, P; Standing, JF; NeoMero Consortium, ; - view fewer (2018) Plasma and CSF pharmacokinetics of meropenem in neonates and young infants: results from the NeoMero studies. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy , Article dky128. 10.1093/jac/dky128 . Green open access

https://ift.tt/2IKJEK3

Doping-induced disappearance of ice II from water’s phase diagram

Shephard, JJ; Slater, B; Harvey, P; Hart, M; Bull, CL; Bramwell, ST; Salzmann, CG; (2018) Doping-induced disappearance of ice II from water's phase diagram. Nature Physics 10.1038/s41567-018-0094-z . (In press).

https://ift.tt/2wH2SeG

Encapsulation and Polymerization of White Phosphorus Inside Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes

Hart, M; White, ER; Chen, J; McGilvery, CM; Pickard, CJ; Michaelides, A; Sella, A; ... Salzmann, CG; + view all Hart, M; White, ER; Chen, J; McGilvery, CM; Pickard, CJ; Michaelides, A; Sella, A; Shaffer, MSP; Salzmann, CG; - view fewer (2017) Encapsulation and Polymerization of White Phosphorus Inside Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes. Angewandte Chemie , 129 (28) pp. 8256-8260. 10.1002/ange.201703585 .

https://ift.tt/2jYSia0

Exercise interventions and patient beliefs for people with hip, knee or hip and knee osteoarthritis: A mixed methods review

Hurley, M; Dickson, K; Hallett, R; Grant, R; Hauari, H; Walsh, N; Stansfield, C; Hurley, M; Dickson, K; Hallett, R; Grant, R; Hauari, H; Walsh, N; Stansfield, C; Oliver, S; - view fewer (2018) Exercise interventions and patient beliefs for people with hip, knee or hip and knee osteoarthritis: A mixed methods review. [Review]. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews , 2018 (4) , Article CD010842. 10.1002/14651858.CD010842.pub2 .

https://ift.tt/2Ksl1PD

Structural and dynamical properties predicted by reactive force fields simulations for four common pure fluids at liquid and gaseous non-reactive conditions

Le, TTB; Striolo, A; Cole, DR; (2018) Structural and dynamical properties predicted by reactive force fields simulations for four common pure fluids at liquid and gaseous non-reactive conditions. Molecular Simulation , 44 (10) pp. 826-839. 10.1080/08927022.2018.1455005 .

https://ift.tt/2jXqHG3

Core Levels, Band Alignments, and Valence-Band States in CuSbS2 for Solar Cell Applications

Whittles, TJ; Veal, TD; Savory, CN; Welch, AW; Lucas, FWDS; Gibbon, JT; Birkett, M; ... Dhanak, VR; + view all Whittles, TJ; Veal, TD; Savory, CN; Welch, AW; Lucas, FWDS; Gibbon, JT; Birkett, M; Potter, RJ; Scanlon, DO; Zakutayev, A; Dhanak, VR; - view fewer (2017) Core Levels, Band Alignments, and Valence-Band States in CuSbS2 for Solar Cell Applications. ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces , 9 (48) pp. 41916-41926. 10.1021/acsami.7b14208 .

https://ift.tt/2wI8GVd

The PMIP4 contribution to CMIP6 – Part 1: Overview and over-arching analysis plan

Kageyama, M; Braconnot, P; Harrison, SP; Haywood, AM; Jungclaus, JH; Otto-Bliesner, BL; Peterschmitt, J-Y; ... Zhou, T; + view all Kageyama, M; Braconnot, P; Harrison, SP; Haywood, AM; Jungclaus, JH; Otto-Bliesner, BL; Peterschmitt, J-Y; Abe-Ouchi, A; Albani, S; Bartlein, PJ; Brierley, C; Crucifix, M; Dolan, A; Fernandez-Donado, L; Fischer, H; Hopcroft, PO; Ivanovic, RF; Lambert, F; Lunt, DJ; Mahowald, NM; Peltier, WR; Phipps, SJ; Roche, DM; Schmidt, GA; Tarasov, L; Valdes, PJ; Zhang, Q; Zhou, T; - view fewer (2018) The PMIP4 contribution to CMIP6 – Part 1: Overview and over-arching analysis plan. Geoscientific Model Development , 11 (3) pp. 1033-1057. 10.5194/gmd-11-1033-2018 . Green open access

https://ift.tt/2jWSsys

Field methods for sampling tree height for tropical forest biomass estimation

Sullivan, MJP; Lewis, SL; Hubau, W; Qie, L; Baker, TR; Banin, LF; Chave, J; ... Phillips, OL; + view all Sullivan, MJP; Lewis, SL; Hubau, W; Qie, L; Baker, TR; Banin, LF; Chave, J; Cuni-Sanchez, A; Feldpausch, TR; Lopez-Gonzalez, G; Arets, E; Ashton, P; Bastin, JF; Berry, NJ; Bogaert, J; Boot, R; Brearley, FQ; Brienen, R; Burslem, DFRP; de Canniere, C; Chudomelová, M; Dančák, M; Ewango, C; Hédl, R; Lloyd, J; Makana, JR; Malhi, Y; Marimon, BS; Junior, BHM; Metali, F; Moore, S; Nagy, L; Vargas, PN; Pendry, CA; Ramírez-Angulo, H; Reitsma, J; Rutishauser, E; Salim, KA; Sonké, B; Sukri, RS; Sunderland, T; Svátek, M; Umunay, PM; Martinez, RV; Vernimmen, RRE; Torre, EV; Vleminckx, J; Vos, V; Phillips, OL; - view fewer (2018) Field methods for sampling tree height for tropical forest biomass estimation. Methods in Ecology and Evolution , 9 (5) pp. 1179-1189. 10.1111/2041-210X.12962 . Green open access

https://ift.tt/2KlWA68

The adsorption of Cu on the CeO2(110) surface

Chutia, A; Gibson, EK; Farrow, MR; Wells, PP; Scanlon, DO; Dimitratos, N; Willock, DJ; Chutia, A; Gibson, EK; Farrow, MR; Wells, PP; Scanlon, DO; Dimitratos, N; Willock, DJ; Catlow, CRA; - view fewer (2017) The adsorption of Cu on the CeO2(110) surface. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics , 19 (40) pp. 27191-27203. 10.1039/c7cp04144f .

https://ift.tt/2IGOkAF

Composition measurement of epitaxial ScxGa1-xN films

Tsui, HCL; Goff, LE; Barradas, NP; Alves, E; Pereira, S; Palgrave, RG; Davies, RJ; ... Moram, MA; + view all Tsui, HCL; Goff, LE; Barradas, NP; Alves, E; Pereira, S; Palgrave, RG; Davies, RJ; Beere, HE; Farrer, I; Ritchie, DA; Moram, MA; - view fewer (2016) Composition measurement of epitaxial ScxGa1-xN films. Semiconductor Science and Technology , 31 , Article 064002. 10.1088/0268-1242/31/6/064002 . Green open access

https://ift.tt/2KmT5N6

A Very Secret Agent: an examination of James Brand Pinker and his circle of authors

Hamilton, Jennifer; (2018) A Very Secret Agent: an examination of James Brand Pinker and his circle of authors. Doctoral thesis (Ph.D), UCL (University College London).

https://ift.tt/2Km7xVt

Application of quantum magnetometers to security and defence screening

Hussain, SY; (2018) Application of quantum magnetometers to security and defence screening. Doctoral thesis (Ph.D), UCL (University College London). Green open access

https://ift.tt/2jZpXQM

Psychological health and inflammation in adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: describing the relationships between psychological health, laboratory measures of inflammation and disease activity for adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Hanns, Laura Anne; (2018) Psychological health and inflammation in adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: describing the relationships between psychological health, laboratory measures of inflammation and disease activity for adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Doctoral thesis (Ph.D), UCL (University College London).

https://ift.tt/2wHNQp9

Protecting‐Group‐Free Amidation of Amino Acids using Lewis Acid Catalysts

Sheppard, TD; Sabatini, M; Karaluka, V; Lanigan, RM; Boulton, LT; Badland, M; (2018) Protecting‐Group‐Free Amidation of Amino Acids using Lewis Acid Catalysts. Chemistry - A European Journal 10.1002/chem.201800372 . Green open access

https://ift.tt/2IG0zxr

Thymosin-β4: A key modifier of renal disease

Vasilopoulou, E; Riley, PR; Long, DA; (2018) Thymosin-β4: A key modifier of renal disease. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 10.1080/14712598.2018.1473371 . (In press).

https://ift.tt/2jWTOJu

A Rigorous Review of Global Research Evidence on Policy and Practice on School-Related Gender-Based Violence

Parkes, JLN; Heslop, J; Johnson Ross, F; Westerveld, R; Unterhalter, E; (2016) A Rigorous Review of Global Research Evidence on Policy and Practice on School-Related Gender-Based Violence. UNICEF: New York, USA.

https://ift.tt/2wGjenX

Lutter contre les violences basées sur le genre en milieu scolaire en Côte d’Ivoire: Étude exploratoire

Westerveld, R; Johnson Ross, F; Parkes, JLN; Heslop, J; Unterhalter, E; (2017) Lutter contre les violences basées sur le genre en milieu scolaire en Côte d'Ivoire: Étude exploratoire. UCL Institute of Education: London, UK. Green open access

https://ift.tt/2IGOeZP

The right and the wrong with epilepsy and her science

Shorvon, S; Schmidt, D; (2016) The right and the wrong with epilepsy and her science. Epilepsia Open , 1 (3-4) pp. 76-85. 10.1002/epi4.12011 . Green open access

https://ift.tt/2wHNe2P

Study to Evaluate the Safety and Activity (Including Distribution) of 177Lu-3BP-227 in Subjects With Solid Tumours Expressing Neurotensin Receptor Type 1.

Conditions: Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma; Colorectal Cancer; Gastric Cancer; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck; Bone Cancer; Advanced Cancer; Recurrent Disease; Metastatic Tumours
Intervention: Drug: 177Lu-3BP-227 (also called 177Lu-IPN01087)
Sponsor: Ipsen
Not yet recruiting

https://ift.tt/2rIhAx9

Johns Hopkins-IP Group Collaboration Funds Cancer Therapeutic Startup, Paves Way For Further IP Commercialization

The Johns Hopkins University announces that IP Group has funded the creation of Lorem Therapeutics as part of an ongoing collaboration between the university and the intellectual property commercialization company to explore, identify and commercialize technologies. Lorem will be focused on developing early-stage therapeutics, bridging the gap from drug discovery to investigative new drug (IND) status, specifically novel small molecule prodrugs for cancer indications.

https://ift.tt/2L54i66

Six Years of Exercise -- or Lack of It -- May Be Enough to Change Heart Failure Risk

By analyzing reported physical activity levels over time in more than 11,000 American adults, Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers conclude that increasing physical activity to recommended levels over as few as six years in middle age is associated with a significantly decreased risk of heart failure, a condition that affects an estimated 5 million to 6 million Americans.

https://ift.tt/2wJzZP1

On Max-Plus Algebra and Its Application on Image Steganography

We propose a new steganography method to hide an image into another image using matrix multiplication operations on max-plus algebra. This is especially interesting because the matrix used in encoding or information disguises generally has an inverse, whereas matrix multiplication operations in max-plus algebra do not have an inverse. The advantages of this method are the size of the image that can be hidden into the cover image, larger than the previous method. The proposed method has been tested on many secret images, and the results are satisfactory which have a high level of strength and a high level of security and can be used in various operating systems.

https://ift.tt/2rJP3GS

The Swedish grommet register – Hearing results and adherence to guidelines

Publication date: July 2018
Source:International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, Volume 110
Author(s): Marie Gisselsson-Solen
ObjectivesThe insertion of grommets is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures in children. The underlying reason might be otitis media with effusion (OME) with concomitant hearing loss, recurrent acute otitis media (rAOM) or a combination of the two. Sweden has a national quality register for children receiving grommets with the purpose of evaluating how treatment guidelines are followed, and if surgery confers good quality health care. The purpose of this study was to investigate the circumstances during which Swedish children receive grommets and to examine how doctors follow the guidelines for grommet surgery.MethodsQuality register data was extracted from 2010 to 2016, and information on reasons for surgery, audiometry, number of AOM episodes, type of grommet etc was analysed.ResultsThe dominating reason for surgery was OME (71%). A large proportion (27%) of children with OME had not undergone a preoperative audiometry, despite national guidelines stating that it is hearing impairment that calls for surgery. Furthermore, among those who had done audiometry, 47% did not have a hearing impairment as measured by pure tone average. Nevertheless, a significant hearing improvement (11 dB, p < 0.001) was seen on post-operative follow-ups in those children who underwent audiometry. Forty-four percent of children operated due to rAOM had had fewer episodes of AOM than recommended as an indication for surgery, though this figure should be interpreted with caution as GP diagnosed episodes are not entered in the register.ConclusionEven though grommet insertions are quick and confer a low per-operative risk, it seems many children undergo surgery without a clear indication. This puts them at an unnecessary risk of per-operative as well as long-term complications. Since the procedure is so common, it also means large sums of money are spent on operations that might not be necessary.

https://ift.tt/2Ihbez3

Amphibian chytridiomycosis outbreak dynamics are linked with host skin bacterial community structure

Bates, KA; Clare, FC; O'Hanlon, S; Bosch, J; Brookes, L; Hopkins, K; McLaughlin, EJ; ... Harrison, XA; + view all Bates, KA; Clare, FC; O'Hanlon, S; Bosch, J; Brookes, L; Hopkins, K; McLaughlin, EJ; Daniel, O; Garner, TWJ; Fisher, MC; Harrison, XA; - view fewer (2018) Amphibian chytridiomycosis outbreak dynamics are linked with host skin bacterial community structure. Nature Communications , 9 , Article 693. 10.1038/s41467-018-02967-w . Green open access

https://ift.tt/2wHwvfT

A new Christian cemetery-church at Bulla Regia

Chaouali, M; Fenwick, C; Booms, D; (2018) A new Christian cemetery-church at Bulla Regia. Libyan Studies (In press).

https://ift.tt/2IhqgF4

Candidate enhancer and transcription dynamics in early Xenopus tropicalis development

Gomes Faria, Rosa; (2018) Candidate enhancer and transcription dynamics in early Xenopus tropicalis development. Doctoral thesis (Ph.D), UCL (University College London). Green open access

https://ift.tt/2wHRlfe

Selective Genetic Overlap Between Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Diseases of the Frontotemporal Dementia Spectrum.

Karch, CM; Wen, N; Fan, CC; Yokoyama, JS; Kouri, N; Ross, OA; Höglinger, G; ... International Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD)–Genomics Consortium,, ; + view all Karch, CM; Wen, N; Fan, CC; Yokoyama, JS; Kouri, N; Ross, OA; Höglinger, G; Müller, U; Ferrari, R; Hardy, J; Schellenberg, GD; Sleiman, PM; Momeni, P; Hess, CP; Miller, BL; Sharma, M; Van Deerlin, V; Smeland, OB; Andreassen, OA; Dale, AM; Desikan, RS; International Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD)–Genomics Consortium,, ; - view fewer (2018) Selective Genetic Overlap Between Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Diseases of the Frontotemporal Dementia Spectrum. JAMA Neurol 10.1001/jamaneurol.2018.0372 . (In press).

https://ift.tt/2IjV08i

Augmented reality fluoroscopy simulation of the guide-wire insertion in DHS surgery: A proof of concept study

van Duren, BH; Sugand, K; Wescott, R; Carrington, R; Hart, A; (2018) Augmented reality fluoroscopy simulation of the guide-wire insertion in DHS surgery: A proof of concept study. Medical Engineering & Physics , 55 pp. 52-59. 10.1016/j.medengphy.2018.02.007 .

https://ift.tt/2wLdCJe

Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidosis due to Gain-of-Function Mutation in STAT1

Carey, B; Lambourne, J; Porter, S; Hodgson, T; (2018) Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidosis due to Gain-of-Function Mutation in STAT1. Oral Diseases 10.1111/odi.12881 . (In press).

https://ift.tt/2IjUSFQ

Congo Basin peatlands: threats and conservation priorities

Dargie, GC; Lawson, IT; Rayden, TJ; Miles, L; Mitchard, ETA; Page, SE; Bocko, YE; ... Lewis, SL; + view all Dargie, GC; Lawson, IT; Rayden, TJ; Miles, L; Mitchard, ETA; Page, SE; Bocko, YE; Ifo, SA; Lewis, SL; - view fewer (2018) Congo Basin peatlands: threats and conservation priorities. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change 10.1007/s11027-017-9774-8 . (In press). Green open access

https://ift.tt/2KnTLS7

Effects of Multiple Genetic Loci on Age at Onset in Frontotemporal Dementia

Ferrari, R; Grassi, M; Graziano, F; Palluzzi, F; Archetti, S; Bonomi, E; Bruni, AC; ... Borroni, B; + view all Ferrari, R; Grassi, M; Graziano, F; Palluzzi, F; Archetti, S; Bonomi, E; Bruni, AC; Maletta, RG; Bernardi, L; Cupidi, C; Colao, R; Rainero, I; Rubino, E; Pinessi, L; Galimberti, D; Scarpini, E; Serpente, M; Nacmias, B; Piaceri, I; Bagnoli, S; Rossi, G; Giaccone, G; Tagliavini, F; Benussi, L; Binetti, G; Ghidoni, R; Singleton, A; Hardy, J; Momeni, P; Padovani, A; Borroni, B; - view fewer (2017) Effects of Multiple Genetic Loci on Age at Onset in Frontotemporal Dementia. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease , 56 (4) pp. 1271-1278. 10.3233/JAD-160949 . Green open access

https://ift.tt/2IiNoTx

Migration, work and housing in Northampton, 1841-71

German, Frank Clifford; (2018) Migration, work and housing in Northampton, 1841-71. Doctoral thesis (Ph.D), UCL (University College London). Green open access

https://ift.tt/2KnU3IH

The development of a sub-atmospheric two-phase thermosyphon natural gas preheater using a lumped capacitance model and comparison with experimental results

Matallah, H; Newton, W; James, D; Cameron, I; Sienz, J; Romocki, S; Lavery, NP; (2016) The development of a sub-atmospheric two-phase thermosyphon natural gas preheater using a lumped capacitance model and comparison with experimental results. Applied Thermal Engineering , 104 pp. 767-778. 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.05.078 . Green open access

https://ift.tt/2IirmR6

The effect of beta-adrenergic blockade on inflammatory and cardiovascular responses to acute mental stress

Steptoe, A; Ronaldson, A; Kostich, K; Lazzarino, AI; Urbanova, L; Carvalho, LA; (2018) The effect of beta-adrenergic blockade on inflammatory and cardiovascular responses to acute mental stress. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity , 70 pp. 369-375. 10.1016/j.bbi.2018.03.027 . Green open access

https://ift.tt/2KpRQww

Guest editorial - Tackling female genital mutilation (FGM) through empirical research and cultural dialogue

Reisel, D; (2016) Guest editorial - Tackling female genital mutilation (FGM) through empirical research and cultural dialogue. International Journal of Human Rights in Healthcare , 9 (1) 10.1108/IJHRH-02-2016-0001 . Green open access

https://ift.tt/2rJjJsk

Modelling the Synthesis of Nanoparticles in Continuous Microreactors: the Role of Diffusion and Residence Time Distribution on Nanoparticle Characteristics

Panariello, L; Mazzei, L; Gavriilidis, A; (2018) Modelling the Synthesis of Nanoparticles in Continuous Microreactors: the Role of Diffusion and Residence Time Distribution on Nanoparticle Characteristics. Chemical Engineering Journal 10.1016/j.cej.2018.03.167 . (In press).

https://ift.tt/2wK3Kzm

Where did it all go wrong? Implementation failure-and more-in a field experiment of procedural justice policing

MacQueen, S; Bradford, B; (2017) Where did it all go wrong? Implementation failure-and more-in a field experiment of procedural justice policing. Journal of Experimental Criminology , 13 (3) pp. 321-345. 10.1007/s11292-016-9278-7 . Green open access

https://ift.tt/2rGSgHU

A Three-Stage Approach for Segmenting Degraded Color Images: Smoothing, Lifting and Thresholding (SLaT)

Cai, X; Chan, R; Nikolova, M; Zeng, T; (2017) A Three-Stage Approach for Segmenting Degraded Color Images: Smoothing, Lifting and Thresholding (SLaT). Journal of Scientific Computing , 72 (3) pp. 1313-1332. 10.1007/s10915-017-0402-2 . Green open access

https://ift.tt/2KrLxZx

A stepped approach for the management of symptomatic internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint

Abstract

Background

Internal derangement is the clinical and pathological condition of disc displacement of the temporomandibular joint. Management of these cases involve conservative and surgical treatment options. Minimally invasive surgical procedures namely arthrocentesis and arthroscopy are promising techniques in the management of internal derangement. However patient selection algorithms, indications for minimally invasive procedures and details of the techniques should be further studied for safe and cost effective management of these cases.

This manuscript aims to retrospectively analyze the significance of a stepped surgical treatment approach (arthrocentesis under local anaesthesia as the first line of treatment, followed by arthroscopic lysis and lavage under general anaesthesia in unresolving cases) of internal derangement with or without osteoarthritis.

Methods

This is a retrospective cohort study. Case notes of 1414 patients that were managed with a standard protocol were reviewed. Appropriate inclusion and exclusion criteria were set. Thirty-three patients were eligible for inclusion. Parameters recorded were pain-free inter-incisal opening, spontaneous pain, pain on function, difficulty on chewing, and perceived disability on jaw movements. Pre-operative and post-operative (at the end of the follow up period) pain free maximum interincisal opening values were compared with paired t test and the subjective parameters were evaluated with Chisquare analysis. Treatment outcome and success rate according to American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons were descriptively shown.

Results

Interincisal opening values increased, and the number of patients with severe or medium rated subjective parameters were reduced at discharge. These improvements were found to be statistically significant. Clinical (Wilkes) staging of internal derangement pre-operatively and at discharge remained either unchanged or was lower. Treatment outcome and success according to American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons criteria was 94%.

Conclusion

The stepped approach for the management of symptomatic internal derangement with or without osteoarthritis is a successful treatment strategy with favourable therapeutic outcomes.

https://ift.tt/2k0ujXQ

Reporting quality of randomized controlled trials in otolaryngology: review of adherence to the CONSORT statement

Abstract

Background

Methods

The objectives of our study were to assess the extent to which the recent Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS) randomized control trials in the top nine journals and in the top Canadian journal comply with the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement, and to identify the CONSORT items most in need of improvement. Based on the impact factor and circulation number of 2014, the top nine Otolaryngology journals and the top Canadian Otolaryngology journal were selected and were searched to identify RCTs published in English and between 2010 and 2014. Two authors independently reviewed and extracted data using a standardized data extraction form constructed with the help of a medical librarian. Our outcome was to assess the adherence of articles reporting to the CONSORT items. Descriptive statistics were used.

Results

One hundred and eighty-two Otolaryngologic RCTs were identified in the top nine international journals and in the top Canadian journal. The inter-rater reliability between two raters was 0.32. The extent of adherence to CONSORT Statement ranged from 25 to 93.5% with a mean of 59.0% and a median of 59.4%. Only 6.5% of RCTs described the individual responsible for enrolling and assigning subjects and method of randomization; 32.4% reported the estimated effect size and precision; 40.6% reported a sample size calculation and 32.4% mentioned external validity or implications of the findings.

Conclusion

Findings revealed that the reporting of RCTs in the top nine ORL-HNS journals and in the top Canadian ORL-HNS journal is suboptimal. The quality of reporting can be improved by addressing the three CONSORT items found most deficient in this study namely, sample size calculations, estimated effect size and precision, and external validity.

https://ift.tt/2IoX4rE

Improved symptomatic, functional, and fluoroscopic outcomes following serial “series of three” double-balloon dilation for cricopharyngeus muscle dysfunction

Abstract

Background

Cricopharyngeus muscle dysfunction (CPMD) is a common cause of dysphagia. We employ a progressive series of three double-balloon dilations separated by 4–6 weeks between procedures as a primary treatment option. The purpose of this study was to evaluate subjective, functional and objective improvement in swallowing after three serial dilations for CPMD.

Methods

We retrospectively evaluated patients between June 1, 2014, and June 30, 2016, who underwent a series of three double-balloon dilations for CPMD. Pre- and post-dilation Eating Assessment Tool-10 (EAT-10), Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS), pharyngeal constriction ratio, pharyngeal area, and pharyngoesophageal segment (PES) opening were compared.

Results

Seventeen patients with CPMD underwent serial double-balloon dilation procedures separated by one month. Mean age of the cohort was 73.5 (SD ± 13.3) years, and 53% were female. The mean EAT-10 improved from 24.7 (SD ± 7.8) to 15.9 (SD ± 10.2) [p = 0.0021]. Mean FOIS improved from 5.4 (SD ± 1.4) pre- to 6.3 (SD ± 0.9) post-treatment (p = 0.017). Mean UES opening increased from 1.05 (SD ± 0.34) cm to 1.48 (SD ± 0.41) cm (p = 0.0003) in the anteroposterior fluoroscopic view and from 0.58 (SD ± 0.18) to 0.76 (SD ± 0.30) cm (p = 0.018) in the lateral view. Pharyngeal constriction ratio (PCR), a surrogate measure of pharyngeal strength, improved from 0.49 (SD ± 0.37) to 0.24 (SD ± 0.15) (p = 0.015), however pharyngeal area (PA) was unchanged.

Conclusions

A progressive series of three double-balloon dilations for cricopharyngeus muscle dysfunction resulted in improved patient reported dysphagia symptom scores and objective fluoroscopic swallowing parameters.

https://ift.tt/2ImWpXR

Paediatric osteofibrous dysplasia-like adamantinoma with classical radiological findings

Description

A 16-year-old girl presented with a 1-month history of a painful lump on the right tibia. There was no history of trauma; she had no medical conditions and was physically active. On examination, she had a diffuse bony lump in the middle third of the right tibia with some localised tenderness. There was no neurovascular deficit and no bony masses were present elsewhere.

Plain radiograph of the right leg (figure 1) showed a well-circumscribed, slightly expansile, mixed sclerotic and lytic lesion of the anterior diaphysis of the right tibia. The sclerosis and lysis were seen as a multilocular 'soap bubble' appearance. No aggressive features including periosteal reaction or soft-tissue abnormality were present. A subsequent MRI scan confirmed the presence of an extensive lesion involving the anterior cortex of the midshaft of the right tibia, extending a vertical distance of 20 cm. The lesion appeared confined to...

https://ift.tt/2rHToej

Case of drug-induced interstitial lung disease secondary to adalimumab

We report a rare case of drug-induced intestinal lung disease (ILD) secondary to adalimumab, a tumour necrosis factor alpha-receptor blocker. A 52-year-old smoker with ankylosing spondylitis, treated with adalimumab, presented with progressive breathlessness. A high resolution CT chest demonstrated predominantly upper-zone patchy ground glass changes and small bilateral pleural effusions. Bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage showed no evidence of infection or malignant cells and an echocardiogram was normal. The working diagnosis was that of possible adalimumab-induced ILD. Adalimumab was subsequently stopped. The patient's breathlessness and cough improved on cessation of the drug. A further CT chest several months later showed resolution of the ground glass changes. Adalimumab-induced ILD is rare. We review the literature surrounding this and discuss the diagnostic challenges. This case highlights the importance of considering the possibility of drug-induced lung disease in patients taking adalimumab.

https://ift.tt/2wQXbv5

Endoscopic diagnosis of a goblet cell carcinoid tumour of the appendix

Primary malignancies of the appendix are rare. Of these, less than 5% are goblet cell carcinoid (GCC) tumours. The majority of GCC present with findings of acute appendicitis or advanced peritoneal spread. We describe a rare presentation of GCC as subtle mucosal abnormality of the appendiceal orifice seen on colonoscopy performed for iron-deficiency anaemia. Biopsies were interpreted as adenocarcinoma; however, final surgical pathology confirmed GCC of the appendix with caecal involvement. The patient recovered well from surgery, anaemia resolved and follow-up did not show metastatic disease.

https://ift.tt/2rFLKRS

A mysterious postoperative rash

This case report describes the development of a rash in a patient admitted with large bowel obstruction secondary to carcinoma of the sigmoid colon. The patient underwent a Hartmann's procedure and right hemicolectomy for a metastatic deposit at the terminal ileum. On postoperative day 3, the patient developed a bullous haemorrhagic rash on the thighs, flanks and abdomen, associated with a sharp drop in platelet count. Suspicion of heparin-induced skin necrosis was raised, and prophylactic enoxaparin was switched to fondaparinux. Skin biopsy results later confirmed the diagnosis. Clinical suspicion of heparin-induced skin necrosis is essential and should prompt a switch between prophylactic agents, in order to prevent potentiation of this life-threatening side effect.

https://ift.tt/2wL10So

Non-operative management of an isolated lateral collateral ligament injury in an adolescent patient and review of the literature

We present a rare case of isolated traumatic pure ligamentous rupture of the lateral collateral ligament of the knee in an adolescent high-level footballer managed non-operatively with a good functional outcome and return to sport in 4 months.

https://ift.tt/2rHTnHh

10-year-old with concha bullosa pyogenic mucocele

A 10-year-old girl presented with episodes of migraine. A nasal mass was found randomly during work-up. Interpreted as an osteoma, the mass was removed during endoscopic surgery. However, the histopathological examination turned out to be a pyomucocele in the right middle turbinate, which is an extremely rare yet benign condition in children.

https://ift.tt/2Kn9HEm

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour: an unusual presentation including small bowel obstruction and palpable abdominal mass

A 41-year-old man with no medical history presented with 2 weeks of nausea, vomiting, a new palpable abdominal mass, constipation and a 14kgweight loss. On admission, CT abdomen and pelvis demonstrated a 6.9x3.7 cm soft-tissue abdominal mass deep to and invading the lower anterior abdominal wall with tethering of the urinary bladder and potential involvement of the urachus. Subsequently, a biopsy demonstrated a low-grade spindle cell neoplasm compatible with inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour with immunostain positive for smooth muscle actin and desmin and negative for CD21, CD117, DOG-1, TKE-1, mdm2, CD34 and ALK. One week following admission, he underwent en bloc excision of the mass including abdominal wall (umbilicus, portions of rectus sheath and muscle), bladder dome, right colon and a segment of small bowel. Final pathology of the mass confirmed an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour, and his postoperative course was uneventful.

https://ift.tt/2rGVZp0

Second-look laparostomy for perforated gangrenous gastric volvulus to prevent total gastrectomy

A 42-year-old Caucasian woman presented to the emergency department with severe upper abdominal pain and vomiting. Clinically, she was septic, and abdominal examination suggested peritonitis. Following immediate resuscitation, the patient was stabilised and underwent urgent contrast-enhanced CT of the abdomen and pelvis. This revealed a mesenteroaxial gastric volvulus with traction on the mesentery and a small volume of free fluid. She underwent laparotomy revealing gangrenous gastric fundus perforation complicated by persistent intraoperative hypotension. This mandated a damage-control approach for the patient's safety entailing a limited-sleeve gastrectomy and laparostomy formation. Stabilisation in the intensive care unit allowed for a safer return to the operating room. On second look 24 hours later, previously ischaemic non-viable-looking portions of the stomach had recovered their blood supply. The patient was discharged 31 days postoperatively after recovering from the operations, postoperative wound infections and pleural effusions.

https://ift.tt/2Kn9z7Q

Thoracic Empyema as Rare Complication of an Appendicular Mass: A Case Study and Review of the Literature

Introduction. Thoracic empyema is an infrequent complication of appendicitis that has rarely been reported in the literature. Case Presentation and Review of the Literature. The case of a 11-year-old boy who was admitted for medical management of an appendicular mass is presented. His clinical course was complicated by the development of an appendicular abscess and an extensive right-sided empyema. A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted including the most representative cases. The data were collected and analyzed by two independent investigators. Ten cases were found. Most patients were young individuals (mean age: 25.1 years; male : female ratio: 0.5). Risk factors for thoracic empyema included pregnancy (10%) and age (60%). The most frequent organisms isolated were Escherichia coli, Bacteroides spp., and Klebsiella spp. The survival rate was 100%. Conclusion. Thoracic empyema should be considered a potential cause of respiratory distress in patients with appendicitis. Furthermore, the abdomen should be carefully evaluated as a source of infection in patients with thoracic empyema without an underlying lung disease.

https://ift.tt/2rHBSqt

Telomere length and genetic variations affecting telomere length as biomarkers for facial regeneration with platelet‐rich fibrin based on the low‐speed centrifugation concept

Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, EarlyView.

https://ift.tt/2rJlMvM

Histologic Review of Sarcoidosis in a Neck Lymph Node

Abstract

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disease of unknown etiology. It may occur at any age, but is most commonly seen in young to middle age adults. Sarcoidosis remains more common in women regardless of geographic or racial boundaries. Although the etiology remains unclear, the most common explanation is that sarcoidosis is a disease of immunologic dysregulation triggered by an as yet unidentified environmental or microbial antigen in genetically susceptible persons. We review a case of sarcoidosis with was initially diagnosed in a neck lymph node that was removed for evaluation of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma with a discussion on the clinical and histologic characteristic of the disease.

https://ift.tt/2rHINjx

In Reply: Colonic-Type Adenocarcinoma of the Tongue and Oral Cavity (CATOC)

https://ift.tt/2GiDs6G

Response to “Colonic-Type Adenocarcinoma of the Tongue and Oral Cavity (CATOC)”

https://ift.tt/2L3JVpJ

Importance of FNA Technique for Decreasing Non-diagnostic Rates in Thyroid Nodules

Abstract

To identify potential interventions that may lower the high non-diagnostic rates associated with ultrasound guided (US) fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy of the thyroid nodule. A case series of 164 thyroid nodule US-guided FNA was identified retrospectively. The following variables were analyzed in regards to diagnostic and non-diagnostic sampling: patient age, gender, size of nodule, biopsy technique (capillary vs. aspiration), needle gauge (23 vs. 25), and physician experience. The FNA diagnosis, and final pathology, when applicable, was recorded for each sample using the Bethesda criteria. Data was analyzed using the Fisher's exact test or the chi square test. After multivariate logistic regression, capillary action was independently associated with lower non-diagnostic rates (p = 0.01), while increasing patient age was associated with higher non-diagnostic rates (p = 0.018). Physician experience (p = 0.014) was not independently associated with lower non-diagnostic rates. Nodules that were "cystic >50%" were significantly more likely to yield a non-diagnostic result (p < 0.0001). After taking into account confounding variables, including physician experience, our data reveals a statistically significant decrease in non-diagnostic rates with the use of capillary action vs. aspiration technique in US-guided FNA. A major focus in healthcare today is providing cost-effective and minimally invasive care to the patient. In the setting of a rising incidence of thyroid disease, we believe our study demonstrates the need for a prospective analysis of the relationship between technique and non-diagnostic rates.

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Τρίτη 15 Μαΐου 2018

Zusammenfassung

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Abstract

Background

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Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Abstract

Abstract