2016-04-05T04-36-08Z
Source: International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health
Firnaliza Rizona, Susetyowati, Lely Lusmilasari.
Background: The prevalence of overweight toddlers increased in worldwide. One of the causes is unbalanced nutritional intake which is influenced by the eating behaviour of children and parents. But in fact, many mothers behaviours in feeding is not appropriate. Some quantitative research linking mothers behaviour with the nutritional status of child but still few illustrating how mothers feeding behaviour is especially at toddler overweight. The purpose of this research was to explore mothers feeding behaviours on overweight toddler. Methods: Qualitative research design with a phenomenological approach. Depth interviews were conducted with six mothers who had toddler overweight and six another family as triangulation data. Research was also conducted with observation and FGD. Data were processed and analyzed using seven step data analysis from Colaizzi. Results: The findings of this study was classified into four main themes: search the source information about nutrition and identified kinds of food and drink, the decision-making and planning the provision to feeding children, the implementation of feeding on children, support and obstacle feeding in children. Conclusions: All of mother could not try to get the complete and right information yet and also make correct plan on feeding for child optimally. Mother and family feeding pattern inclined give freedom for child to consuming the food that havent unbalance nutrition excess intake. Mother and family couldnt control the increasing of childrens overweight. Mother should search the correct information, so that mother could make a good decision for feeding their children.
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Medicine by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos,Crete 72100,Greece,tel :00302841026182 & 00306932607174
Τρίτη 5 Απριλίου 2016
Mother’s feeding behaviours on overweight toddler
Climate change and malaria control: the importance of mitigation and a call to action
2016-04-05T04-36-08Z
Source: International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health
Emmanuel O Adewuyi, Kazeem Adefemi.
Malaria has remained an important target for global disease control efforts for decades. The streams of funds and, consequently, availability of effective interventions for the disease have resulted in considerable reduction in its burden, globally. Despite the relative success of such global efforts, malaria remains a significant threat in over a hundred countries, worldwide, leading to about one million deaths and hundreds of millions of hospital visits, annually. Many researchers and health commentators have argued that global warming, a consequence of climate change, could be linked directly or indirectly to the persistence as well as the re-emergence of malaria epidemics. Although the association between climate change and malaria spread is complex and remains a subject of controversy and debates, this paper argues that the spread and severity of malaria in several places and the increased incidences of the disease in some regions could indeed be associated with the effects and consequences of climate change. The paper maintains that the biology of the Plasmodium spp, the ecology of mosquitoes, and even the susceptibility of humans to malaria could all be affected directly/indirectly by extreme climatic events. Based on the growing body of evidence on this subject, this paper makes a call for all stakeholders to come to a consensus on the significance of climate change mitigation to malaria control, and offers some recommendations on the way forward.
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Laryngeal Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis Presenting with Neck Mass in an Adult Woman
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a very rare condition that commonly affects the head and neck region. There are very few cases of isolated laryngeal involvement by LCH, mostly reported in pediatric patients. Here, we report a case of laryngeal LCH in a 62-year-old woman presenting with a neck mass several weeks ago. The clinical and histopathological findings are reported with a brief discussion about the disease.
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Pt and Pd Catalyzed Oxidation of Li2O2 and DMSO during Li-O2 Battery Charging
DOI: 10.1039/C6CC01778A, Communication
Rechargeable Li-O2 and Li-air batteries require electrode and electrolyte materials that synergistcally promote long-term cell operation. In this study, we investigate the role of noble metals Pt and Pd as...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry
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Protonation of carbene-stabilized diphosphorus: complexation of HP2+
DOI: 10.1039/C6CC01759B, Communication
The highly reactive HP2+ cation has been stabilized by carbene coordination.
To cite this article before page numbers are assigned, use the DOI form of citation above.
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Anti-inflammatory properties of the vagus nerve: potential therapeutic implications of vagus nerve stimulation
Abstract
Brain and viscera interplay within the autonomic nervous system where the vagus nerve (VN), containing approximately 80% afferent and 20% efferent fibres, plays multiple key roles in the homeostatic regulations of visceral functions. Recent data has suggested the anti-inflammatory role of the VN. This vagal function is mediated through several pathways, some of them still debated. The first one is the anti-inflammatory hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis which is stimulated by vagal afferent fibres and leads to the release of cortisol by the adrenal glands. The second one, called the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, is mediated through vagal efferent fibres that synapse onto enteric neurons which release acetylcholine (ACh) at the synaptic junction with macrophages. ACh binds to α-7-nicotinic ACh receptors of those macrophages to inhibit the release of tumour necrosis (TNF)α, a pro-inflammatory cytokine. The last pathway is the splenic sympathetic anti-inflammatory pathway, where the VN stimulates the splenic sympathetic nerve. Norepinephrine released at the distal end of the splenic nerve links to the β2 adrenergic receptor of splenic lymphocytes that release ACh. Finally Ach inhibits the release of TNFα by spleen macrophages through α-7-nicotinic ACh receptors. Understanding of these pathways is interesting from a therapeutic point of view, since they could be targeted in various ways to stimulate anti-inflammatory regulation in TNFα related diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease and rheumatoid arthritis. Among others, VN stimulation, either as an invasive or non-invasive procedure, is becoming increasingly frequent and several clinical trials are ongoing to evaluate the potential effectiveness of this therapy to alleviate chronic inflammation.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
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Genital invasion or perigenital spread may pose a risk of marginal misses for Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT) in anal cancer
Abstract
Background
While intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in anal cancer is feasible and improves high-dose conformality, the current RTOG/AGITG contouring atlas and planning guidelines lack specific instructions on how to proceed with external genitalia. Meanwhile, the RTOG-Protocol 0529 explicitly recommends genital sparing on the basis of specific genital dose constraints. Recent pattern-of-relapse studies based on conventional techniques suggest that marginal miss might be a potential consequence of genital sparing. Our goal is to outline the potential scope and increase the awareness for this clinical issue.
Methods
We present and discuss four patients with perigenital spread in anal cancer in both early and advanced stages (three at time of first diagnosis and one in form of relapse). Genital/perigenital spread was observed once as direct genital infiltration and thrice in form of perigenital lymphatic spread.
Results
We review the available data regarding the potential consequences of genital sparing in anal cancer. Pattern-of-relapse studies in anal cancer after conventional radiotherapy and the current use of IMRT in anal cancer are equivocal but suggest that genital sparing may occasionally result in marginal miss. An obvious hypothesis suggested by our report is that perigenital lymphovascular invasion might be associated with manifest inguinal N+ disease.
Conclusions
Local failure has low salvage rates in recent anal cancer treatment series. Perigenital spread may pose a risk of marginal misses in IMRT in anal cancer. To prevent marginal misses, meticulous pattern-of-relapse analyses of controlled IMRT-series are warranted. Until their publication, genital sparing should be applied with caution, PET/CT should be used when possible and meeting genital dose constraints should not be prioritized over CTV coverage, especially (but not only) in stage T3/4 and N+ disease.
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Estimating the public health importance of the CYD-tetravalent dengue vaccine: Vaccine preventable disease incidence and numbers needed to vaccinate
Publication date: Available online 5 April 2016
Source:Vaccine
Author(s): Bradford D. Gessner, Annelies Wilder-Smith
BackgroundTo evaluate the potential public health impact of the live attenuated tetravalent Sanofi Pasteur dengue vaccine (CYD-TDV) we analyzed data from the reported clinical trials to calculate vaccine preventable disease incidence (VPDI) and number needed to vaccinate (NNV) based on the licensure indication for persons age 9 years and above.MethodsVPDI is defined as incidence in an unvaccinated population X vaccine efficacy (VE), and thus incorporates both VE and the underlying burden of disease. NNV was calculated as 100,000 divided by VPDI divided by 2-year length of study. We compared these values to data for three newer vaccines that are currently integrated into some national immunization programs in Asia and Latin America, namely pneumococcal conjugate, Haemophilus influenzae type b, and rotavirus vaccines.ResultsIn the Asian-Pacific trial, in the first 25 months after the first dose of the dengue vaccine, CYD-TDV prevented annually 2639 cases of virologically confirmed dengue for every 100,000 persons vaccinated, for an NNV of 18. In the Latin American trial, given the overall lower annual dengue incidence compared to Asia, VPDI was 1707, and NNV 28. For the Asian-Pacific and Latin American studies, the VPDIs for hospitalized virologically confirmed disease at the trials' end were 638 and 239 per 100,000 population per year, respectively, with NNVs of 75 and 201. VPDI for confirmed dengue hospitalization was higher than that for Hib vaccine against Hib meningitis or all cause severe pneumonia while lower than that for rotavirus vaccine against severe rotavirus gastroenteritis.ConclusionsOur analysis found that the CYD-TDV dengue vaccine had favorable VPDI and NNV, also when compared to existing vaccines used in Latin America and Asia. VPDI and NNV varied by serotype distribution, extent of prior dengue exposure (baseline seroprevalence) and country. These findings will help policy-makers decide where and how to introduce this vaccine post-licensure.
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Cellular and humoral influenza-specific immune response upon vaccination in patients with common variable immunodeficiency and unclassified antibody deficiency
Source:Vaccine
Author(s): Leif G. Hanitsch, Madlen Löbel, Jan Florian Mieves, Sandra Bauer, Nina Babel, Brunhilde Schweiger, Kirsten Wittke, Patricia Grabowski, Hans-Dieter Volk, Carmen Scheibenbogen
BackgroundImmunization against seasonal influenza with inactivated vaccine is recommended for patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). However, humoral vaccine response in CVID patients is frequently impaired and current knowledge on T cell vaccine response in CVID and other patients with antibody deficiency is poor.ObjectiveIn the present study, we comparatively analyzed the antibody and T cellular immune response of patients with CVID and unclassified antibody deficiency to influenza vaccination in the season 2013/2014.MethodsEight patients with CVID, 8 patients with unclassified antibody deficiency and 9 healthy controls were vaccinated with a single dose of non-adjuvanted seasonal influenza vaccine. Before and 3 weeks after the vaccination antibody titers against the strains A/California/7/2009, A/Texas/50/2012, and B/Massachusetts/02/2012 included in the vaccine were measured by hemagglutination inhibition testing. Additionally, vaccine-specific T cell cytokine response was determined by stimulation with the complete vaccine in vitro.ResultsWhereas all healthy controls responded to vaccination with serum antibody titers, only 1/8 CVID patients and 4/8 patients with unclassified antibody deficiency showed a response against at least 1 of the 3 vaccine strains. However, 7/8 of the CVID and 6/8 of the patients with unclassified antibody deficiency had similar frequencies of vaccine-induced IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-2 producing CD40L+ T cells as the control group.ConclusionOur data suggest that most CVID and unclassified antibody deficiency patients benefit from seasonal influenza vaccination by mounting a cellular response.
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IJMS, Vol. 17, Pages 503: Diabetes Mellitus Induces Alzheimer’s Disease Pathology: Histopathological Evidence from Animal Models
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IJMS, Vol. 17, Pages 386: Starvation after Cobalt-60 γ-Ray Radiation Enhances Metastasis in U251 Glioma Cells by Regulating the Transcription Factor SP1
Radiation is of clinical importance during glioma therapy; however, vasculature damage is observed over the treatment course. This type of tissue damage might lead to starvation conditions, affecting tumor metastasis. To test this possibility, we compared starvation conditions in conjunction with radiation treatment to monitor metastatic ability in the U251 glioma cell line. Transcriptome, western blot, and immunofluorescence analyses were used to measure the RNA and protein expression changes of the U251 cells after various treatments. We found that starvation combined with radiation treatment yielded the most significant expression changes in metastasis-related factors compared to that in the control groups. In addition, a metastasis assay was used to directly measure the metastatic ability of the treated cells, which confirmed that the U251 cells treated with starvation combined with radiation possessed the highest metastatic ability. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that SP1 represented a common transcription factor associated with changes in metastasis-related factors. Blocking SP1 activity by an inhibitor suppressed the starvation-plus-radiation treatment-mediated enhancement of U251 cell metastasis. Our study provides the first evidence that starvation caused by radiation might play a significant role in enhancing the ability of the glioma cell line U251 to metastasize via regulation of the transcription factor SP1.
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IJMS, Vol. 17, Pages 505: The Role of Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) in the Control of Obesity and Metabolic Derangements in Breast Cancer
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Metal Complexes of Multitopic, Third Generation Poly(pyrazolyl)methane Ligands: Multiple Coordination Arrangements
Abstract
The structures of metal complexes of two classes of multitopic, "third generation" poly(pyrazolyl)methane ligands, ligands specifically functionalized at the non-coordinating "back" position, are discussed. For tris(pyrazolyl)methane based [(pz)3C–CH2–O–CH2]nC6H6–n (n = 2, 3, 4 and 6, pz = pyrazolyl ring) ligands, three bonding modes are observed depending on the metal, counterion and solvent: a) the κ3 (tripodal) mode, where all three pyrazolyl rings are coordinated to one metal; b) the κ2-κ0 mode, with only two pyrazolyl rings bonded to a metallic center while the third is not involved in a donor bond; and c) in a κ2-κ1 fashion, in which the tris(pyrazolyl)methane unit acts as a bridge between two metals. For bis(pyrazolyl)methane based [CH2–O–CH2–CH(pz)2]nC6H6–n ligands, the main structural arrangement is a mononuclear cationic unit in which two arms of the ligand bond a single silver(I) cation in a tetradentate fashion, giving rise to 16- or 17-member metallacyclic structures.
Multitopic poly(pyrazolyl)methane ligands form metal complexes that show a variety of bonding modes and intricate overall structures.
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Photoinduced Homolysis of Alkyl–Cobalt(III) Bonds in a Cyclodextrin Cage
Abstract
Photodecomposition of methyl– and ethyl–CoIII complexes of meso-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin (CH3– and C2H5–CoIIITPPSs) was used as a reaction probe to study the cage effect of cyclodextrin capsules formed by two per-O-methylated β-cyclodextrin (TMe-β-CD) molecules and their covalently linked dimer, Ph2CD. The photodecomposition of CH3–CoIIITPPS under aerobic conditions was markedly suppressed in the presence of TMe-β-CD and Ph2CD, while C2H5–CoIIITPPS was less affected. Alkyl–CoIIITPPS formed two types of inclusion complex with Ph2CD, the alkyl groups in Type 1 being located at the opposite side of the phenyl linker of Ph2CD and those in Type 2 being located at the same side. The photodecomposition of C2H5–CoIIITPPS in Type 1 proceeded via an ethylperoxo complex, while that in Type 2 occurred via a radical pair generated in a narrow, rigid cage to form ethylene and CoIITPPS.
Photoinduced homolysis of the methyl–CoIIIL [L: meso-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphinato] bond was remarkably inhibited by including the porphyrin in per-O-methylated β-cyclodextrin capsules, which acted as a molecular cage that interfered with the contact of O2 with the methyl radical, leading to recombination of a photochemically generated radical pair.
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Efecto de la rigurosidad de las condiciones sobre los resultados de la prueba calórica en sujetos sanos
Publication date: Available online 4 April 2016
Source:Acta Otorrinolaringológica Española
Author(s): Claudio Krstulovic, Bharti Tulsidas Mahtani, Nabil Atrache Al Attrache, Herminio Pérez-Garrigues
La prueba calórica es una prueba ampliamente utilizada para evaluar la función vestibular, pero las condiciones en las cuales se realiza pueden variar. Se comparó el nistagmo calórico obtenido en 57 sujetos sanos: 24 sujetos estudiados en condiciones ideales y 33 sujetos estudiados en condiciones no ideales. Se Observó una disminución estadísticamente significativa de la velocidad de fase lenta en las cuatro irrigaciones realizadas a los sujetos del grupo de condiciones no ideales. Esto debe ser considerado sobre todo al sospechar afectaciones bilaterales. Ser rigurosos en las condiciones permite disminuir el riesgo de diagnóstico erróneo de déficit bilateral.The caloric test is widely used to assess vestibular function, but the conditions in which it is performed can vary. Caloric nystagmus obtained in 57 healthy subjects were compared: 24 subjects studied in ideal conditions and 33 subjects in non-ideal conditions. A statistically significant decrease in the slow phase velocity of the 4 irrigations performed on the subjects in non-ideal conditions was observed. This must be considered, especially in subjects with suspected bilateral involvement. Stringent conditions reduce the risk of misdiagnosis with bilateral deficit.
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Malformaciones del octavo par en niños
Publication date: Available online 4 April 2016
Source:Acta Otorrinolaringológica Española
Author(s): Carlos de Paula-Vernetta, Noelia Muñoz-Fernández, Fernando Mas-Estellés, Abel Guzmán-Calvete, Laura Cavallé-Garrido, Constantino Morera-Pérez
Introducción y objetivosLa prevalencia de la hipoacusia neurosensorial (HNS) congénita es aproximadamente de 1,5-6 de cada 1.000 nacimientos. La disfunción del nervio auditivo (neuropatía auditiva) puede estar presente hasta en el 1-10% de los casos de HNS en niños, siendo menos frecuentes aquellas pérdidas debidas a una aplasia o hipoplasia del nervio auditivo.Los objetivos del estudio son describir la clínica, umbrales auditivos y etiología en una muestra de niños con HNS y aplasia o hipoplasia del octavo par.MetodologíaPresentamos 34niños (edad media 20meses) con malformación del nervio auditivo e HNS profunda de una muestra de 385niños implantados en los últimos 10años. Estudiamos las características demográficas, clínicas y malformaciones asociadas (clasificaciones de Casselman y Sennaroglu). Los datos fueron procesados usando un análisis estadístico descriptivo bivariante (p<0,05).ResultadosUn 58,8% fueron bilaterales (IIa/IIa y I/I fueron los más frecuentes). De los unilaterales el IIb fue el más frecuente. La sensibilidad del cribado auditivo fue de un 77,4%. Encontramos diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre el grado de hipoacusia y los distintos tipos de aplasia (clasificación de Casselman).La sensibilidad de la TC fue del 46,3% y la especificidad del 85,7%. La RNM fue la prueba de imagen más sensible.ConclusionesUn 10% de los niños en estudio para un implante coclear tienen una aplasia o hipoplasia del nervio auditivo. El grado de pérdida auditiva está directamente relacionado con los distintos tipos de aplasia (clasificación de Casselman). Aunque la TC y la RNM son complementarias, la RNM es el test de elección para la detección de malformaciones del nervio auditivo.Introduction and objectivesPrevalence of congenital sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is approximately 1.5-6 in every 1,000 newborns. Dysfunction of the auditory nerve (auditory neuropathy) may be involved in up to 1%-10% of cases; hearing losses because of vestibulocochlear nerve (VCN) aplasia are less frequent.The objectives of this study were to describe clinical manifestations, hearing thresholds and aetiology of children with SNHL and VCN aplasia.MethodologyWe present 34 children (mean age 20 months) with auditory nerve malformation and profound HL taken from a sample of 385 children implanted in a 10-year period. We studied demographic characteristics, hearing, genetics, risk factors and associated malformations (Casselman's and Sennaroglu's classifications). Data were processed using a bivariate descriptive statistical analysis (P<.05).ResultsOf all the cases, 58.8% were bilateral (IIa/IIa and I/I were the most common). Of the unilateral cases, IIb was the most frequent. Auditory screening showed a sensitivity of 77.4%.A relationship among bilateral cases and systemic pathology was observed. We found a statistically significant difference when comparing hearing loss impairment and patients with different types of aplasia as defined by Casselman's classification. Computed tomography (CT) scan yielded a sensitivity of 46.3% and a specificity of 85.7%. However, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was the most sensitive imaging test.ConclusionsTen percent of the children in a cochlear implant study had aplasia or hypoplasia of the auditory nerve. The degree of auditory loss was directly related to the different types of aplasia (Casselman's classification) Although CT scan and MRI are complementary, the MRI is the test of choice for detecting auditory nerve malformation.
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Early phase interference between low-intensity running and power training in moderately trained females
Abstract
Purpose
The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of low-intensity running performed immediately after lower-body power-training sessions on power development.
Methods
Twenty young females participated in 6 weeks, 3/week, of either lower body power training (PT) or lower body power training followed by 30 min of low-intensity running (PET) eliciting 60–70 % of maximal heart rate. The following were measured before and after the training period: counter-movement jump, isometric leg press force and rate of force development (RFD), half squat 1-RM, vastus lateralis fiber type composition and cross sectional area, resting intramuscular fiber conduction velocity (MFCV), and heart rate during the modified Bruce treadmill test.
Results
Counter-movement jump height and peak power increased after PT (10.7 ± 6.2 and 12.9 ± 18.7 %, p < 0.05) but not after PET (3.4 ± 7.6 and 5.11 ± 10.94 %, p > 0.05). Maximum isometric force, RFD, and half squat 1-RM increased similarly in both groups. Muscle fiber type composition was not altered in either group. Muscle fiber cross sectional area increased only after PT (17.5 ± 17.4, 14.5 ± 10.4, 20.36 ± 11.3 %, in type I, IIA, and IIX fibers, respectively, p < 0.05). Likewise, mean MFCV increased with PT only (before: 4.53 ± 0.38 m s−1, after: 5.09 ± 0.39 m s−1, p = 0.027). Submaximal heart rate during the Bruce treadmill test remained unchanged after PT but decreased after PET.
Conclusion
These results suggest that low-intensity running performed after lower-body power training impairs the exercise-induced adaptation in stretch–shortening cycle jumping performance (vertical jump height, peak power), during the first 6 weeks of training, which may be partially linked to inhibited muscle fiber hypertrophy and muscle fiber conduction velocity.
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Prevalence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in urban and rural Tamil Nadu using IADPSG and WHO 1999 criteria (WINGS 6)
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Iconic industrial structures in urban regeneration.
Farnham, P.; (2005) Iconic industrial structures in urban regeneration. Doctoral thesis, University of London.
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Developmental language impairment in Egyptian Arabic.
Fahim, D.; (2005) Developmental language impairment in Egyptian Arabic. Doctoral thesis, University of London. Green open access
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Informatic analysis of proteins with a role in oxidative damage and ageing.
Eyre, T.A.; (2005) Informatic analysis of proteins with a role in oxidative damage and ageing. Doctoral thesis, University of London. Green open access
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The syntax of German-English code-switching.
Eppler, E.M.; (2005) The syntax of German-English code-switching. Doctoral thesis, University of London. Green open access
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Sea salt as a potential ocean mirror material
Rowland, T; Hailes, HC; Evans, JRG; (2015) Sea salt as a potential ocean mirror material. RSC Advances , 5 (49) pp. 38926-38930. 10.1039/c5ra03469h .
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Osteoblast response to zirconia surfaces with different topographies.
Herath, HM; Di Silvio, L; Evans, JR; (2015) Osteoblast response to zirconia surfaces with different topographies. Materials Science and Engineering: C , 57 pp. 363-370. 10.1016/j.msec.2015.07.052 .
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Visual British Hispanism and the Puerto del Rosario "parque escultórico"
Evans, JM; (2015) Visual British Hispanism and the Puerto del Rosario "parque escultórico". Bulletin of Spanish Studies: Hispanic studies and researches on Spain, Portugal and Latin America , 92 (3) pp. 453-479. 10.1080/14753820.2015.1003765 .
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Postscript: ‘la travesía del desierto’
Evans, JM; (2015) Postscript: 'la travesía del desierto'. [Editorial comment]. Bulletin of Spanish Studies: Hispanic studies and researches on Spain, Portugal and Latin America , 92 (3) pp. 481-487. 10.1080/14753820.2015.1003766 .
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Introduction
Evans, JM; (2015) Introduction. [Editorial comment]. Bulletin of Spanish Studies: Hispanic studies and researches on Spain, Portugal and Latin America , 92 (3) pp. 325-330. 10.1080/14753820.2015.1003756 .
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Increased CSF neurogranin concentration is specific to Alzheimer disease
Wellington, H; Paterson, RW; Portelius, E; Törnqvist, U; Magdalinou, N; Fox, NC; Blennow, K; Wellington, H; Paterson, RW; Portelius, E; Törnqvist, U; Magdalinou, N; Fox, NC; Blennow, K; Schott, JM; Zetterberg, H; - view fewer (2016) Increased CSF neurogranin concentration is specific to Alzheimer disease. Neurology , 86 (9) pp. 829-835. 10.1212/WNL.0000000000002423 .
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Acute pneumothorax
Critical Care Nursing Quarterly
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Bacterial susceptibility patterns in patients with spinal cord injury and disorder (SCI/D): an opportunity for customized stewardship tools
Spinal Cord
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Effectiveness of trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy for children and adolescents: a randomized controlled trial in eight German mental health clinics
Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics
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CPR study assesses two cardiac drugs' survival impact
UW Medicine
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A latent profile analysis of childhood trauma in women with bulimia nervosa: Associations with borderline personality disorder psychopathology
International Journal of Eating Disorders
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Serum digoxin concentrations and clinical signs and symptoms of digoxin toxicity in the paediatric population
Cardiology in the Young
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Exploring the definition of acute low back pain: a prospective observational cohort study comparing outcomes of chiropractic patients with 0-2, 2-4, and 4-12 weeks of symptoms
Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics
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Oxcarbazepine-induced liver injury after sensitization by valproic acid: a case report
Bipolar Disorders
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Knowledge, acceptability, and use of misoprostol for preventing postpartum hemorrhage following home births in rural Ethiopia
International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics
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Prevalence and detection of prescription opioid misuse and prescription opioid use disorder among emergency department patients 50 years of age and older: performance of the prescription drug use questionnaire, patient version
The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
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Green synthesis of polymer monoliths incorporated with carbon nanotubes in room temperature ionic liquid and deep eutectic solvents
Publication date: 1 July 2016
Source:Talanta, Volume 154
Author(s): Li-Shun Zhang, Shu-Ping Gao, Yan-Ping Huang, Zhao-Sheng Liu
In this work, an efficient method to prepare polymer monoliths with incorporated carbon nanotubes in a mixture of room temperature ionic liquid and deep eutectic solvents was developed. With assistance of the binary green solvent, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate and choline chloride/ethylene glycol, single-walled carbon nanotubes were dispersed successfully in pre-polymerization mixture without need of oxidative cutting of carbon nanotubes, which may allow depletion of the emission of volatile organic compounds into environment. The novel single-walled carbon nanotubes monolith was evaluated by capillary electrochromatography. Compared with the monolith made without single-walled carbon nanotubes, the monolith with the incorporation of single-walled carbon nanotubes exhibited high column efficiency (251,000plates/m) in the chromatographic separation. The morphology of the monolith can be tuned by the composition of mixture of ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents to afford good column permeability and excellent separation ability for small molecules of alkyl phenones and alkyl benzenes. The results demonstrated that the method is a green strategy for the fabrication of multifunctional polymer monoliths.
Graphical abstract
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Analysis of street cocaine samples in nasal fluid by Raman spectroscopy
Publication date: 1 July 2016
Source:Talanta, Volume 154
Author(s): Valentina D'Elia, Gemma Montalvo, Carmen García Ruiz
The principal objective of this work was to demonstrate the capability of Raman spectroscopy to detect small amounts of cocaine in nasal fluid, and to identify the main drug and the most widely used cutting agents. Initially, standard samples were analysed and sampling conditions were studied by comparing different swabs used for the sample collection. Once the most appropriate swab was selected, which permitted a relatively simple detection of the standard cocaine hydrochloride, qualitative analyses of real samples were carried out. Three street cocaine samples were analysed, and the presence of cutting substances was highlighted by the appearance of different bands not corresponding to the ones of the standard cocaine. To identify the substances present in each sample, the spectra of the street cocaine samples were collected and compared with a digital library created on purpose with the spectra of the most common cutting agents. In this case, correlation coefficients permitted to recognize the most important substances presumably present in the samples, and gave an estimation of the purity of the cocaine. However, when nasal fluid was present, its strong signal could overlap or interfere with the smaller signal of the cutting substances, hindering their identification.
Graphical abstract
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A solvent-dependent fluorescent detection method for Fe3+ and Hg2+ based on a rhodamine B derivative
Publication date: 1 July 2016
Source:Talanta, Volume 154
Author(s): Xutian Li, Yue Yin, Junjie Deng, Huixian Zhong, Jian Tang, Zhi Chen, Liting Yang, Li-Jun Ma
A new rhodamine B–benzofurazan based fluorescent probe (1) for Fe3+ and Hg2+ was synthesized. In aqueous solution containing 30% (v/v) ethanol, probe 1 shows a high selective fluorescent enhancement recognition to Fe3+ with a binding ratio of 1:1 (probe 1: Fe3+), when the concentration of Fe3+ is less than that of the probe. When the concentration of Fe3+ is higher than that of the probe, it shows fluorescent "turn-on" response to Fe3+ by opening the rhodamine spirolactam with a binding ratio of 1:2 (probe 1: Fe3+). Furthermore, probe 1 displays a high selectivity and a hypersensitivity (detection limit is 4.4nM) to Hg2+ with a binding ratio of 1:1 in ethanol. NMR and UV–vis experiments indicate that the different fluorescent recognition signals to Fe3+ and Hg2+ are derived from different binding modes of 1-Fe3+ and 1-Hg2+.
Graphical abstract
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The Ca2+–EDTA chelation as standard reaction to validate Isothermal Titration Calorimeter measurements (ITC)
Publication date: 1 July 2016
Source:Talanta, Volume 154
Author(s): Clara Ràfols, Elisabeth Bosch, Rafael Barbas, Rafel Prohens
A study about the suitability of the chelation reaction of Ca2+with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as a validation standard for Isothermal Titration Calorimeter measurements has been performed exploring the common experimental variables (buffer, pH, ionic strength and temperature). Results obtained in a variety of experimental conditions have been amended according to the side reactions involved in the main process and to the experimental ionic strength and, finally, validated by contrast with the potentiometric reference values. It is demonstrated that the chelation reaction performed in acetate buffer 0.1M and 25°C shows accurate and precise results and it is robust enough to be adopted as a standard calibration process.
Graphical abstract
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Usefulness of palladium impregnated magnetite nanoparticles for polyphenol determination
Publication date: 1 July 2016
Source:Talanta, Volume 154
Author(s): Juan Godoy-Navajas, María Paz Aguilar-Caballos, Agustina Gómez-Hens
Palladium impregnated magnetite nanoparticles (Pd-Fe3O4NPs) have been synthesized and used as reusable catalyst for the fluorometric determination of polyphenols in wines. The method is based on the decrease of the indocyanine green fluorescence, which is ascribed to its oxidation by dissolved oxygen in the presence of the nanoparticles, and the inhibition of the fluorescence decrease by polyphenols, which is proportional to the polyphenol concentration.The dynamic range of the calibration graph is 0.1–10.0µM gallic acid, which was chosen as model analyte, and the detection limit is 0.02µM. Precision data, expressed as relative standard deviation, ranged between 3.3% and 5.4%. The method was applied to the analysis of several wine samples, obtaining recovery values in the range of 79.7–102.0%. The results obtained were compared with those obtained using the Folin-Ciocalteu and laccase methods, finding that Pd-Fe3O4NPs provide a better selectivity than the first method and show a catalytic behavior similar to that of laccase.
Graphical abstract
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meso-to-meso Sulfide- and Disulfide-Bridged Subporphyrin Dimers
Abstract
Treatment of meso-chlorosubporphyrin with controlled equivalents of Na2S·9H2O in DMF led to the formation of either meso-to-meso sulfide (S)-bridged dimer 4 or disulfide (SS)-bridged subporphyrin dimer 6. S-bridged dimer 4 displayed a split Soret-like band and a large Stokes shift and became a fully delocalized one-quantum system in the S1 state, as indicated by femtosecond transient absorption anisotropy measurements and theoretical calculations. Contrastingly, SS-bridged dimer 6 showed a broad but nonsplit Soret-like band, no fluorescence, and very fast S1 decay with a lifetime of 4 ps, which indicated the presence of a rapid decay channel.
meso-to-meso S-bridged and SS-bridged dimers 4 and 6 are prepared by SNAr reaction of meso-chlorosubporphyrin. Dimer 4 displays a split Soret-like band and a large Stokes shift, whereas dimer 6 shows weaker interchromophoric interaction. Dimer 4 becomes a one-quantum system in the S1 state, whereas the S1 state of 6 displays very fast decay to the ground state with a lifetime of 4 ps.
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One-Pot Synthesis of Biheterocycles Based on Indole and Azole Scaffolds Using Tryptamines and 1,2-Diaza-1,3-dienes as Building Blocks
Abstract
The rapid and expedient assembly of three new classes of biheterocycles of biological interest, viz. indole–imidazoles 4, indole–pyrroles 6 and indole–triazoles 8 was accomplished using different combinations of tryptamines, 1,2-diaza-1,3-dienes, aldehydes, and/or alkynes as readily available building blocks. Twenty-six derivatives were thus prepared in excellent yields (up to 100 %). The products were screened for in-vitro biological studies. Some of these revealed promising anticancer activity against MCF7 and Caco-2 human tumor cell lines.
The incorporation of indole and azole pharmacophores into new biheterocyclic scaffolds as potential anticancer agents was achieved using different combinations of tryptamines, 1.2-diaza-1,3-dienes, aldehydes, and/or alkynes as readily available building blocks.
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Influence of Nitrogen Levels and Planting Geometry on Sweet Sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor ) Juice Sugar Quality Traits Under Semi-arid Tropical Environment
Abstract
Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is a potential bioenergy crop that produces both food (from grain) and biofuel (from stalk juice). The present investigation undertaken to assess the effect of different plant density and nitrogen levels on juice extraction and sugar quality traits of sweet sorghum grown in postrainy season of 2008–2009. Three planting geometries as main treatments (30 × 15, 45 × 15 and 60 × 15 cm) and four levels of nitrogen (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg ha−1) application levels as sub-plot treatments were assessed in split-plot design. It is found that the combination of relatively lower nitrogen application level (60 kg ha−1) with maximum population density (spacing 45 × 15 cm) are needed for higher sugar and ethanol yields in the farmer fields.
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Extraction of Nattokinase Enzyme from Bacillus cereus Isolated from Rust
Abstract
Nattokinase (NK) is widely used as the thrombolytic agent due to its low cost as compared to several other thrombolytic agents. In the present study rust samples from iron rod was collected and subjected to isolation process in order to screen the NK production. Based on the morphological, biochemical and molecular characterization, the isolate VITSDVM3 was identified as Bacillus cereus which showed highest similarity to B. cereus strain GY-58. The specific activity was determined by casein hydrolysis assay and found to be 954, 1008, 1168, 1201 U/mg for crude, precipitated, dialysed and purified. The NK bearing clot buster activity was determined further by radial caseinolytic activity followed by fibrin degradation assay which showed 10 and 15 mm respectively. The maximum clot lysis activity was found to be 97.43 %. The stability of the purified enzyme was analysed by various parameters including pH, temperature, surfactants, metal ions and organic solvents. High Performance Liquid Chromatography analysis was performed in order to indentify the retention time. Our preliminary data thus indicated the fibrinolytic effects of NK, and suggesting its potential value as a therapeutic agent and the need for additional studies and clinical trials.
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A Class of Shrinkage Estimators of Scale Parameter of Uniform Distribution Based on K-Record Values
Abstract
In this paper, we have suggested some classes of shrinkage estimators of scale parameter envisaged by Shy and Chacko (Calcutta Stat Assoc Bull 62:143–158, 2010) based on k-record values using uniform distribution. We have shown the superiority of the proposed estimators over Shy and Chacko (Calcutta Stat Assoc Bull 62:143–158, 2010) estimator.
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