High Altitude Medicine &Biology, Ahead of Print.
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Sub-Saharan African countries are transitioning to dolutegravir-based regimens, even for patients with extensive previous drug exposure, including first-generation integrase strand-transfer inhibitors (INSTI) ...
In 2013 German infection surveillance guidelines recommended weekly colonization screening for multidrug-resistant (MDRO) or highly epidemic organisms for neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) and extended hyg...
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Oncogenesis, Published online: 26 August 2020; doi:10.1038/s41389-020-00258-yMethyl-CpG-binding protein 2 drives the Furin/TGF-β1/Smad axis to promote epithelial–mesenchymal transition in pancreatic cancer cells
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Abstract ProZES is a software tool for estimating the probability that a given cancer was caused by preceding exposure to ionising radiation. ProZES calculates this probability, the assigned share, for solid cancers and hematopoietic malignant diseases, in cases of exposures to low-LET radiation, and for lung cancer in cases of exposure to radon. User-specified inputs include birth year, sex, type of diagnosed cancer, age at diagnosis, radiation exposure history and characteristics,...
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Soft Robotics, Ahead of Print.
Soft Robotics, Ahead of Print.
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Abstract Rationale The combination of CDP-choline, an α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR) agonist, with galantamine, a positive allosteric modulator of nAChRs, is believed to counter the fast desensitization rate of the α7 nAChRs and may be of interest for schizophrenia (SCZ) patients. Beyond the positive and negative clinical symptoms, deficits in early auditory prediction-error processes are also observed in SCZ. Regularity...
Abstract Rationale Alcohol intoxication produces effects that can impair judgment and increase engagement in risky behaviors, including alcohol-impaired driving (AID). Real-world AID decisions are informed by contextual circumstances and judgments of associated risk. How individuals vary in their AID decision-making across contexts and whether subjective alcohol responses (stimulation, sedation, acute tolerance) differentially affect AID...
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Abstract The Microphthalmia‐associated transcription factor (MITF) is at the core of melanocyte and melanoma fate specification. The related factors TFEB and TFE3 have been shown to be instrumental for transcriptional regulation of genes involved in lysosome biogenesis and autophagy, cellular processes important for mediating nutrition signals and recycling of cellular materials, in many cell types. The MITF, TFEB, TFE3 and TFEC proteins are highly related. They share many structural and functional...
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Summary Glioblastoma is a fast-growing primary brain tumor observed in adults with the worst prognosis. Preclinical studies have demonstrated the encouraging anticancer activity of statins. This study evaluated the efficacy of atorvastatin in combination with standard therapy in patients with glioblastoma. In this prospective, open-label, single-arm, phase II study, patients were treated with atorvastatin in combination with the standard glioblastoma therapy comprising radiotherapy...
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Abstract Objectives In many primates, one of the most noticeable morphological developmental traits is the transition from natal fur and skin color to adult coloration. Studying the chronology and average age at such color transitions can be an easy and noninvasive method to (a) estimate the age of infants whose dates of birth were not observed, and (b) detect interindividual differences in the pace of development for infants with known birth dates. Materials and Methods Using a combination...
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Abstract Objectives Dental rehabilitation post‐radiotherapy often requires the consideration of dental implants. However, these are tentatively prescribed due to the concern of hypovascularisation and possible osteoradionecrosis. Hence, the current study assessed the microvasculature of the dento‐alveolar bone at implant sites taking into consideration the exact radiotherapy dose received to the region. Materials & methods Bone cores were taken from 9 patients during implant treatment...
Abstract Objective To compare the manual time and preliminary clinical effects between the digital manufactured occlusal splints for sleep bruxism patients with those of traditional hard splints. Methods Sixteen individuals (18 to 44 y/o) with clinically diagnosed sleep bruxism were selected based on the inclusion criteria. All patients were divided to two groups and a random control method was applied. Digital splints (test group) were designed and milled using CAD/CAM. Hard splints (control...
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Facilitative playback-based subjective measures offer a more reliable evaluation of the vocal fold vibration than those derived from direct inspection of video playback. One of the measures is a Nyquist plot, which presents the analyzed cycle-to-cycle vibratory information in a graphical form. While the potential is evident, the information of the features of the Nyquist plot, which the evaluation is based on, is still incomplete. The current identified features and their vibratory behaviors may...
There is an increased need for vocal education programs in group fitness instructors due to the reported risk of phonotraumatic injury in this population. Most research has focused on aerobics class instructors with limited research detailing the vocal demand response of cycling instruction, specifically. We hypothesized that instruction of a single indoor cycling class would produce evidence of acute vocal fold edema manifested by worsening of acoustic and self-perceptual voice measures and changes...
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Abstract Purpose CAD/CAM complete dentures have increased in popularity and a wide variety of systems are currently available. These prostheses present many advantages for clinicians, technicians and patients. Subtractive manufacturing is used by most of the available systems while a few manufacturers use an additive manufacturing technique. This article describes the currently available systems and materials available for the fabrication of CAD/CAM complete dentures and reviews the literature...
Abstract Purpose To assess the effect of yttria mol% concentration and material thickness on the biaxial fracture load (N) of zirconia with and without mastication simulation. Materials and Methods Disk‐shaped specimens (N = 120) of 3 mol% yttria‐partially stabilized zirconia, 3Y‐PSZ (Katana High Translucent, Kuraray Noritake), 4 mol% yttria‐partially stabilized zirconia, 4Y‐PSZ (Katana Super Translucent Multi Layered) and 5 mol% Yttria‐partially stabilized zirconia, 5Y‐PSZ (Katana Ultra...
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Once in a while, over the history of life, a new trait evolves that leads to an explosion of diversity in a group of organisms. Take wings, for instance. Every group of animals that evolved them has spun off into a host of different species -- birds, bats, insects and pterosaurs. Scientists call these 'key innovations.'
In the American Southwest, native desert bighorn sheep populations found in landscapes with minimal human disturbance, including several national parks, are less likely to be vulnerable to climate change.
In all social animals, gaining valuable information requires physical contact among individuals, an action that risks spreading contagion. New research describes the opposing evolutionary forces that give rise to the social networks of which we are a part. They developed a dynamic theoretical framework where individuals constantly update their social behaviors to reflect both the benefits and costs of interaction.
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Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonology, Ahead of Print.
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Abstract Purpose Volatile anesthetics (VAs) protect myocardial cells in cardiovascular surgery. A recent clinical trial of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery reported no significant difference in mortality rates between the use of VAs and total intravenous anesthetics at 1 year postoperatively. However, oxygenator function may affect the VA pharmacokinetics. Thus, we measured the VA blood concentrations during CPB in patients managed...
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Island systems offer excellent opportunities for studying the evolutionary histories of species by virtue of their restricted size and easily identifiable barriers to gene flow. However, most studies investiga...
For decades, codon usage has been used as a measure of adaptation for translational efficiency and translation accuracy of a gene’s coding sequence. These patterns of codon usage reflect both the selective and...
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Capillary refill time (CRT) may improve more rapidly than lactate in response to increments in systemic flow. Therefore, it can be assessed more frequently during septic shock (SS) resuscitation. Hyperlactatem...
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Viral primary infections and reactivations are common complications in patients after solid organ transplantation (SOT) and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Among these patients, viral infections are frequently associated with viremia. Beyond the usual well-known viruses that are part of the routine clinical management of transplant recipients, numerous other viral signatures or genomes can be identified in the blood of these patients....
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Publication date: Available online 26 August 2020Source: Magnetic Resonance ImagingAuthor(s): Qing Fu, Xiao-yong Zhang, Xian-bo Deng, Ding-xi Liu
Publication date: Available online 26 August 2020Source: Magnetic Resonance ImagingAuthor(s): Hidemitsu Sotozono, Tsutomu Tamada, Akihiko Kanki, Kazuya Yasokawa, Takeshi Fukunaga, Akira Yamamoto, Katsuyoshi Ito
Publication date: Available online 25 August 2020Source: Magnetic Resonance ImagingAuthor(s): Louis Marage, Giulio Gambarota, Jeremy Lasbleiz, Mathieu Lederlin, Hervé Saint-Jalmes
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Background. Poliovirus isolates detected in persons or in the environment can fall into three major categories: wild, Sabin and Sabin-like, or vaccine-derived. Detection of wild or vaccine-derived poliovirus may constitute an emergency, which can be categorized as an event that can lead to an outbreak, depending on characteristics of the isolate and the context in which it appears. The aim of the study was investigation report of cVDPV2 outbreak in Bokh woreda of Dollo Zone, Somali regional state,...
Mixed invasive mold infections (MIMIs) are considered rare. We present a case of fatal aspergillosis and mucormycosis in an elderly host with history of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and potential mold exposures. Notably, he had no classic risk factors for IMI other than high-dose corticosteroids, which may be an important risk factor for (M)IMI, based on the current and previous reports. There is an urgent need for studies on the “net state of immunosuppression,” environmental exposure as risk...
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Publication date: Available online 26 August 2020Source: Behavioural Brain ResearchAuthor(s): Takehide Kimura, Ryouta Matsuura
Publication date: Available online 25 August 2020Source: Behavioural Brain ResearchAuthor(s): Frieder Schlunk, Paul Fischer, Hans M.G. Princen, Andre Rex, Vincent Prinz, Marco Foddis, Dieter Lütjohann, Ulrich Laufs, Matthias Endres
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Introduction. Studies on HPV prevalence in the head and neck region of South Africans are sparse. Of the available reports in the literature, there were no studies on the association between HPV-DNA presence in the mouth and oropharynx in relation to high-risk behaviours such as oral sex practice or tobacco and alcohol use. Materials and Methods. Following ethical clearance and informed consent, patients attending a regional HIV-management clinic and patients attending a dental hospital were recruited...
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Mimetic Papilio polytes females have mimicry genes, which benefit from avoiding predation. However, the mimicry genes decrease the survival rate at the last instar larval and pupal stages. Abstract Batesian mimicry, in which harmless organisms resemble unpalatable or harmful species, is a well‐studied adaptation for predation avoidance. The females of some Batesian mimic species comprise mimetic and nonmimetic individuals. Mimetic females of such polymorphic species clearly have a selective...
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Related Articles New technology on the horizon: Fast analytical screening technique FNA (FAST-FNA) enables rapid, multiplex biomarker analysis in head and neck cancers. Cancer Cytopathol. 2020 Aug 25;: Authors: Pai SI, Faquin WC, Sadow PM, Pittet MJ, Weissleder R Abstract PD-L1 profiling was recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration as a companion diagnostic for anti-PD1 treatment in patients with head and neck cancer, ushering...
Related Articles Genomic Landscape and Immune Microenvironment Features of Preinvasive and Early Invasive Lung Adenocarcinoma. J Thorac Oncol. 2019 11;14(11):1912-1923 Authors: Zhang C, Zhang J, Xu FP, Wang YG, Xie Z, Su J, Dong S, Nie Q, Shao Y, Zhou Q, Yang JJ, Yang XN, Zhang XC, Li Z, Wu YL, Zhong WZ Abstract BACKGROUND: Understanding the genomic landscape and immune microenvironment features of preinvasive and early invasive lung adenocarcinoma...
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There is a paucity of information for predicting patient outcomes other than the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) renal injury scale. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association ...
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New England Journal of Medicine, Ahead of Print.
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Abstract Purpose of Review Cervical interlaminar epidural steroid injection is a common intervention in the management of cervical radiculitis. Given the large number of injections done annually, it is important to assess the potential complications associated with this procedure. Recent Findings Based on current published studies, the...
Abstract Purpose of Review The purpose of this review is to evaluate and explain our current understanding of the clinical use of low-dose naltrexone in the treatment of chronic pain. Recent Findings Recent pre-clinical uses and clinical studies further elucidate the use of low-dose naltrexone in the treatment of chronic pain. ...
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Journal of Investigative Medicine High Impact Case Reports, Volume 8, Issue , January-December 2020. Endobronchial ultrasound with transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) is commonly performed for the evaluation of mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Purulent pericarditis is a rare, yet potentially fatal complication of TBNA. It commonly presents with nonspecific symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath, palpitations, or vague abdominal discomfort. Additionally, more severe symptoms such as cardiac...
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A polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) copolymer, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) [P(3HB-co-3HV)], was biosynthesized from biphenyl as the sole carbon source using Alcaligenes (currently Achromobacter) denitri...
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Abstract The Oseberg ship is one of the most important archaeological testimonies of the Vikings. After excavation in 1904, the wooden gravegoods were conserved using alum salts. This resulted in extreme degradation of a number of the objects a hundred years later through acid depolymerisation of cellulose and lignin. The fragile condition of the artefacts requires a reconsolidation which has to be done avoiding water as solvent. We synthesized tert-butyldimethylsilyl (TBDMS) chitosan...
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Chronic Respiratory Disease, Volume 17, Issue , January-December 2020. Objectives:To identify exercise tests that are suitable for home-based or remote administration in people with chronic lung disease.Methods:Rapid review of studies that reported home-based or remote administration of an exercise test in people with chronic lung disease, and studies reporting their clinimetric (measurement) properties.Results:84 studies were included. Tests used at home were the 6-minute walk test (6MWT, two studies),...
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