Medicine by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos,Crete 72100,Greece,tel :00302841026182 & 00306932607174
Παρασκευή 18 Νοεμβρίου 2016
Heat flux measurements using thin film gauges in a production engine
Engine optimization requires a good understanding of the in-cylinder heat transfer which implies accurate heat transfer measurements. A better understanding will lead to improved heat transfer models for use in simulation tools. This work shows a new measurement technique based on Thin Film Gauges to measure the in-cylinder heat flux. In this work, an inlet valve of a Volvo 1.8l engine is instrumented with several Thin Film Gauge heat flux sensors. The implementation and sensor measurement technique is discussed. The TFG sensors are used to study the in-cylinder heat transfer phenomena under motored conditions and an initial fired operation measurement is also performed. The analysis makes use of calculating the convection coefficient which characterizes the convective heat transfer. The effect of the manifold air pressure and engine speed on the peak heat flux is studied in a systematic way using Analysis of Variance in motored operation. Furthermore, the spatial variation in heat flux measured with the Thin Film Gauge sensors is investigated.
http://ift.tt/2fCJg1h
Challenges in the use of immunotherapy in metastatic melanoma
A 65-year-old man with metastatic melanoma was started on immunotherapy, switched to alternative targeted therapy and developed disseminated intravascular coagulation. This case underscores the complexity of interpreting and managing side effects of novel therapies in cancer care, identification of progression versus pseudoprogression and challenges in sequencing treatments in metastatic melanoma.
http://ift.tt/2g2gcgC
Oral and gastrointestinal symptomatic metastases as initial presentation of lung cancer
Metastasis to the tongue, duodenum or pancreas from primary lung cancer is uncommon. Primary lung cancer presenting with symptoms related to metastases at these sites, at initial presentation is extremely rare. We report a 45-year-old man with disseminated lung malignancy who presented with dyspepsia, melena, symptoms due to anaemia and swelling in the tongue. Oral examination revealed a hard submucosal anterior tongue lesion. Biopsies from the tongue lesion and the duodenal ulcer seen on upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were suggestive of metastasis from lung primary. CT revealed lung primary with disseminated metastasis to lung, liver, adrenals, kidneys, head and body of pancreas, duodenum and intra-abdominal lymph nodes. The patient was treated with palliative chemotherapy. The unusual presentation and diagnostic details are discussed.
http://ift.tt/2fbjsJ1
Bacteraemia due to Parvimonas micra, a commensal pathogen, in a patient with an oesophageal tumour
A man aged 53 years was admitted to our hospital due to general malaise, fever and chills for the past 24 hours. He had a history of chronic alcoholic liver disease. The blood tests showed leucocytosis with neutrophilia, lactic acidosis and acute-phase reactants. The blood cultures were positive for Parvimonas micra, an anaerobic pathogen which is part of the flora of the oral cavity. There was no evidence of abscess formation in either the examination or the imaging tests, but in the work-up that followed, a gastroscopy showed a stenotic oesophageal mass that turned out to be an invasive squamous cell carcinoma.
http://ift.tt/2fblw3D
Structural and thermal performances of topological optimized masonry blocks
Structural topology optimization is the most fundamental form of structural optimization and receives an increasing attention from engineers and structural designers. The method enables the exploration of the general topology and shape of structural elements at an early stage of the design process and gives rise to inspiring and innovative improvements. In this paper, topology optimization as a principle is used to design new types of insulating masonry blocks. Two main objectives are addressed: maximizing the structural stiffness and minimizing the thermal transmittance. The first part of this paper uses these objectives to create new block topologies. A general problem is formulated and the influences of boundary conditions, external loading, and filter value on the resulting geometry are discussed. In general, maximizing the stiffness is in strong contrast to minimizing the thermal transmittance. This causes problems not encountered in conventional topology optimization. Nevertheless, by adjusting the interpolation schemes and adding multiple load groups, convergent solutions are found. An isotropic material model with an enforced solid-or-empty distribution is considered as the primary method. The optimized block topologies are then thoroughly analyzed to review their structural and thermal performance using the commercial finite element software Abaqus. The direct compressive strength of the block is a measure of the structural performance and the equivalent thermal conductivity gives an indication of the thermal performance. The second part then gives some thoughts on three-dimensional optimization and the incorporation of mesostructures in the design.
http://ift.tt/2g2a08o
Rotor Design With and Without Permanent Magnets and Performance Evaluation of Synchronous Reluctance Motors
Nowadays, low cost and high efficiency electrical motors are useful in order to reduce the growing energy consumption. Synchronous Reluctance Motors (SynRMs) with and without permanent magnets (PMs) have a somewhat higher efficiency and nevertheless acceptable cost compared to induction machines. This paper focuses on the rotor design without magnets and with PMs and its impact on the performance (torque, power factor and efficiency) of SynRMs. Moreover, the influence of different rotors on the magnetic saturation of the motor is studied. A low cost ferrite PM amount has been added into the optimized rotor of the SynRM to obtain a PM assisted SynRM. A comparison between the motor performance for both reference, optimal and PM rotors has been employed using FEM. It was found that the torque density and the efficiency of the machine increased by about 9.5% and 0.18% respectively when replacing the reference rotor by the optimal one, and by 15% and 0.55% respectively when inserting ferrite PMs in the center of the optimal rotor. In addition, the power factor of the optimal SynRM increased by 17.6% with inserted PMs. The SynRM efficiency and power factor can reach 95.63% and 0.93 respectively. For the reference motor, the simulation results have been validated by measured results.
http://ift.tt/2fbjtNf
Determination of consistency limits of clay by means of extrusion tests
The liquid limit of clay is commonly determined through the Casagrande test or the fall-cone test, while the plastic limit is determined through the hand rolling method. The greatest issue with some of these techniques is their low repeatability and operator dependency. In order to minimize those issues, an indirect-extrusion based technique was evaluated as an alternative method to determine both consistency limits. The experimental work was carried out on mixtures of kaolin and bentonite to cover a wide range of plasticity. The results suggested that there is a specific extrusion pressure linked to each consistency limit and that the results are repeatable. The liquid limit obtained through the extrusion method closely matches the results of the fall-cone test. Similarly, the plastic limit out of extrusion closely matches the results of the hand rolling method.
http://ift.tt/2fbeU5a
Improving Quantification of PET/CT Biomarkers for Evaluation of Disease Progression and Treatment Effectiveness in Pulmonary Fibrosis
Holman, B; (2016) Improving Quantification of PET/CT Biomarkers for Evaluation of Disease Progression and Treatment Effectiveness in Pulmonary Fibrosis. Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).
http://ift.tt/2fLOHZe
Masculinities, planning knowledge and domestic space in Britain, c. 1941-1961
Guyan, K; (2016) Masculinities, planning knowledge and domestic space in Britain, c. 1941-1961. Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).
http://ift.tt/2g3dSd6
Researching norms, narratives, and transitional justice: focus group methodology in post-conflict Croatia
Sokolić, I; (2016) Researching norms, narratives, and transitional justice: focus group methodology in post-conflict Croatia. Nationalities Papers pp. 1-18. 10.1080/00905992.2016.1183605 . (In press).
http://ift.tt/2fLLsBo
British conservatism and the legal regulation of intimate adult relationships, 1983-2013
Gilbert, AN; (2016) British conservatism and the legal regulation of intimate adult relationships, 1983-2013. Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).
http://ift.tt/2g3bh2t
Animalism and the Human Perspective
Geddes, AL; (2016) Animalism and the Human Perspective. Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).
http://ift.tt/2fLK1mm
Characterisation of a newly identified family of lipid transfer proteins at membrane contact sites
Gatta, A; (2016) Characterisation of a newly identified family of lipid transfer proteins at membrane contact sites. Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).
http://ift.tt/2g3dXNQ
Ownership illusions in patients with body delusions: Different neural profiles of visual capture and disownership
Martinaud, O; Besharati, S; Jenkinson, PM; Fotopoulou, A; (2016) Ownership illusions in patients with body delusions: Different neural profiles of visual capture and disownership. Cortex 10.1016/j.cortex.2016.09.025 . Green open access
http://ift.tt/2fLGrIR
Informational Contagion in the Laboratory
Guarino, A; Cipriani, M; Tagliati, F; Guazzarotti, G; Fischer, S; (2017) Informational Contagion in the Laboratory. Review of Finance (In press).
http://ift.tt/2g3aP4A
The Speed, Precision and Accuracy of Human Multisensory Perception following Changes to the Visual Sense
Garcia, SE; (2016) The Speed, Precision and Accuracy of Human Multisensory Perception following Changes to the Visual Sense. Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).
http://ift.tt/2fLOEN2
The contribution of arts-educators to a pedagogy of global social justice education: A qualitative study of creative production processes with young people
Essilfie, W; (2016) The contribution of arts-educators to a pedagogy of global social justice education: A qualitative study of creative production processes with young people. Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London). Green open access
http://ift.tt/2g3aEpP
Computational identification of regulatory features affecting splicing in the human brain
Emmett, WA; (2016) Computational identification of regulatory features affecting splicing in the human brain. Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).
http://ift.tt/2fLNocP
BRAF and NRAS locus specific variants have different outcomes on survival to colorectal cancer
Summers, M; Smith, CG; Maughan, TS; Kaplan, R; Escott-Price, V; Cheadle, JP; (2016) BRAF and NRAS locus specific variants have different outcomes on survival to colorectal cancer. Clinical Cancer Research 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-16-1541 . (In press).
http://ift.tt/2g3aPS8
The Effect of Boundary Conditions on Resonant Ultrasonic Spherical Chains
Akanji, O; Yang, J; Hutchins, D; Thomas, P; Davis, LA; Harput, S; Freear, S; Akanji, O; Yang, J; Hutchins, D; Thomas, P; Davis, LA; Harput, S; Freear, S; Gelat, P; Saffari, N; - view fewer (2016) The Effect of Boundary Conditions on Resonant Ultrasonic Spherical Chains. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control , 63 (11) pp. 1957-1966. 10.1109/TUFFC.2016.2576563 . Green open access
http://ift.tt/2fLK5CH
Sylvia Townsend Warner, Samuel Menashe, ebay and Me
Swaab, PA; (2016) Sylvia Townsend Warner, Samuel Menashe, ebay and Me. The Sylvia Townsend Warner Society Newsletter (32)
http://ift.tt/2g3c8QY
Gravity duals of boundary cones
Camps, J; (2016) Gravity duals of boundary cones. Journal of High Energy Physics , 2016 (9) , Article 139. 10.1007/JHEP09(2016)139 . Green open access
http://ift.tt/2fLJxN2
All change in the House? The profile of candidates and MPs in the 2015 British general election
Hudson, JA; Lamprinakou, C; Campbell, R; Morucci, M; (2016) All change in the House? The profile of candidates and MPs in the 2015 British general election. Parliamentary Affairs: devoted to all aspects of parliamentary democracy 10.1093/pa/gsw030 . (In press).
http://ift.tt/2g397Qy
Pre-natal exposures and breast tissue composition: findings from a British pre-birth cohort of young women and a systematic review
Denholm, R; De Stavola, B; Hipwell, JH; Doran, SJ; Busana, MC; Eng, A; Jeffreys, M; Denholm, R; De Stavola, B; Hipwell, JH; Doran, SJ; Busana, MC; Eng, A; Jeffreys, M; Leach, MO; Hawkes, D; Dos Santos Silva, I; - view fewer (2016) Pre-natal exposures and breast tissue composition: findings from a British pre-birth cohort of young women and a systematic review. Breast Cancer Research , 18 , Article 102. 10.1186/s13058-016-0751-z . Green open access
http://ift.tt/2fLGowF
The probability distribution functions of emission line flux measurements and their ratios
Wesson, R; Stock, DJ; Scicluna, P; (2016) The probability distribution functions of emission line flux measurements and their ratios. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society , 459 (4) pp. 3475-3481. 10.1093/mnras/stw826 . Green open access
http://ift.tt/2g3aBKF
High hospital research participation and improved colorectal cancer survival outcomes: a population-based study
Downing, A; Morris, EJ; Corrigan, N; Sebag-Montefiore, D; Finan, PJ; Thomas, JD; Chapman, M; Downing, A; Morris, EJ; Corrigan, N; Sebag-Montefiore, D; Finan, PJ; Thomas, JD; Chapman, M; Hamilton, R; Campbell, H; Cameron, D; Kaplan, R; Parmar, M; Stephens, R; Seymour, M; Gregory, W; Selby, P; - view fewer (2016) High hospital research participation and improved colorectal cancer survival outcomes: a population-based study. Gut 10.1136/gutjnl-2015-311308 . (In press). Green open access
http://ift.tt/2fLN4Lj
The effects of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol on the dopamine system
Bloomfield, MAP; Ashokh, AH; Volkow, ND; Howes, OD; (2016) The effects of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol on the dopamine system. Nature , 539 (7629) pp. 369-377. 10.1038/nature20153 .
http://ift.tt/2g3cIyf
Lifestyle and risk factor management in people at high cardiovascular risk from Bulgaria, Croatia, Poland, Romania and the United Kingdom who participated in both the EUROASPIRE III and IV primary care surveys
Objective: The objective of this study was to determine time trends in the implementation of European guidelines on the management of cardiovascular disease prevention in people at high cardiovascular risk. Methods: Cardiovascular disease prevention as reflected in the primary care arms of the EUROASPIRE III and IV surveys were compared in centres from Bulgaria, Croatia, Poland, Romania and the United Kingdom that participated in both surveys. All patients were free of cardiovascular disease but considered at high cardiovascular disease risk since they had been started on blood pressure and/or lipid and/or glucose lowering treatments. They were interviewed and examined by means of standardized methods 6 months after the start of therapy. Results: EUROASPIRE III comprised 2604 and EUROASPIRE IV 3286 subjects whereof 76% and 56% were interviewed. There were no major differences between the two surveys in age, gender, centres and reasons for inclusion. The prevalence of smoking was similar between EUROASPIRE III and IV. The proportion of smokers who did not intend to quit was significantly greater in EUROASPIRE IV compared with III. The prevalence of overweight or obesity was high and identical in both surveys. No significant differences were observed in physical activity. In participants not on blood pressure lowering treatment an elevated blood pressure was observed in 47% in both EUROASPIRE III and IV. In participants not on lipid lowering drugs the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was 2.5mmol/l in 87% and 88% in EUROASPIRE III and IV respectively. In participants free from known diabetes fasting plasma glucose was 7mmol/l in 12% and 18% in EUROASPIRE III and IV. In subjects with known arterial hypertension blood pressure was at or below guideline recommended targets in 28% in EUROASPIRE III and 35% in IV. In participants on lipid lowering drugs the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was<2.5mmol/l in 28% and 37% in EUROASPIRE III and IV. Glycated haemoglobin was<7.0% in participants with known diabetes in 62% and 60% in EUROASPIRE III and IV. Conclusions: The results from EUROASPIRE III and IV clearly demonstrate that the control of modifiable risk factors in people at high cardiovascular disease risk remains poor.
http://ift.tt/2gpIEhG
Cardiovascular risk estimation in older persons: SCORE O.P.
Aims: Estimation of cardiovascular disease risk, using SCORE (Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation) is recommended by European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention. Risk estimation is inaccurate in older people. We hypothesized that this may be due to the assumption, inherent in current risk estimation systems, that risk factors function similarly in all age groups. We aimed to derive and validate a risk estimation function, SCORE O.P., solely from data from individuals aged 65 years and older. Methods and results: 20,704 men and 20,121 women, aged 65 and over and without pre-existing coronary disease, from four representative, prospective studies of the general population were included. These were Italian, Belgian and Danish studies (from original SCORE dataset) and the CONOR (Cohort of Norway) study. The variables which remained statistically significant in Cox proportional hazards model and were included in the SCORE O.P. model were: age, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, smoking status and diabetes. SCORE O.P. showed good discrimination; area under receiver operator characteristic curve (AUROC) 0.74 (95% confidence interval: 0.73 to 0.75). Calibration was also reasonable, Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test: 17.16 (men), 22.70 (women). Compared with the original SCORE function extrapolated to the 65 years age group discrimination improved, p=0.05 (men), p<0.001 (women). Simple risk charts were constructed. On simulated external validation, performed using 10-fold cross validation, AUROC was 0.74 and predicted/observed ratio was 1.02. Conclusion: SCORE O.P. provides improved accuracy in risk estimation in older people and may reduce excessive use of medication in this vulnerable population.
http://ift.tt/2g1V1Lu
EUROASPIRE IV: a European Society of Cardiology survey on the lifestyle, risk factor and therapeutic management of coronary patients from 24 European countries
Aims: To determine whether the Joint European Societies guidelines on cardiovascular prevention are being followed in everyday clinical practice of secondary prevention and to describe the lifestyle, risk factor and therapeutic management of coronary patients across Europe. Methods and results: EUROASPIRE IV was a cross-sectional study undertaken at 78 centres from 24 European countries. Patients <80 years with coronary disease who had coronary artery bypass graft, percutaneous coronary intervention or an acute coronary syndrome were identified from hospital records and interviewed and examined 6 months later. A total of 16,426 medical records were reviewed and 7998 patients (24.4% females) interviewed. At interview, 16.0% of patients smoked cigarettes, and 48.6% of those smoking at the time of the event were persistent smokers. Little or no physical activity was reported by 59.9%; 37.6% were obese (BMI30kg/m(2)) and 58.2% centrally obese (waist circumference102cm in men or 88cm in women); 42.7% had blood pressure140/90mmHg (140/80 in people with diabetes); 80.5% had low-density lipoprotein cholesterol1.8mmol/l and 26.8% reported having diabetes. Cardioprotective medication was: anti-platelets 93.8%; beta-blockers 82.6%; angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers 75.1%; and statins 85.7%. Of the patients 50.7% were advised to participate in a cardiac rehabilitation programme and 81.3% of those advised attended at least one-half of the sessions. Conclusion: A large majority of coronary patients do not achieve the guideline standards for secondary prevention with high prevalences of persistent smoking, unhealthy diets, physical inactivity and consequently most patients are overweight or obese with a high prevalence of diabetes. Risk factor control is inadequate despite high reported use of medications and there are large variations in secondary prevention practice between centres. Less than one-half of the coronary patients access cardiac prevention and rehabilitation programmes. All coronary and vascular patients require a modern preventive cardiology programme, appropriately adapted to medical and cultural settings in each country, to achieve healthier lifestyles, better risk factor control and adherence with cardioprotective medications.
http://ift.tt/2faT8P2
Simplifying the audit of risk factor recording and control: a report from an international study in 11 countries
Background: To simplify the assessment of the recording and control of coronary heart disease risk factors in different countries and regions. Design: The SUrvey of Risk Factors (SURF) is an international clinical audit. Methods: Data on consecutive patients with established coronary heart disease from countries in Europe, Asia and the Middle East were collected on a one-page collection sheet or electronically during routine clinic visits. Information on demographics, diagnostic category, risk factors, physical and laboratory measurements, and medications were included and key variables summarized in a Cardiovascular Health Index Score. Results: Coronary heart disease patients (N=10,186; 29% women) were enrolled from 79 centres in 11 countries. Recording of risk factors varied considerably: smoking was recorded in over 98% of subjects, while about 20% lacked data on laboratory measurements relevant to cardiovascular disease risk. Sixteen per cent of participants reported smoking, 29% were obese, and 46% had abdominal obesity. Sixty per cent of participants had blood pressure <140/90mmHg (140/80mmHg for diabetics), 48% had HbA1c<7%, 30% had low-density lipoprotein <1.8mmol/l and 17% had a good cardiovascular health index score. There were substantial regional variations. Less than 3% of patients attended cardiac rehabilitation in Asia or the Middle East, compared with 45% in Europe. In Asia, 15% of patients had low-density lipoprotein cholesterol <1.8mmol/l compared with 33% in Europe and 36% in the Middle East. Variations in medications were noted, with lower use of statins in Asia. Conclusions: SURF proved to be practical in daily practice. Results indicated poor control of risk factors with substantial variation between countries, calling for development and implementation of clinical standards of secondary prevention of coronary heart disease.
http://ift.tt/2fLAUly
Are some areas more equal than others? Socioeconomic inequality in potentially avoidable emergency hospital admissions within English local authority areas
Sheringham, J; Asaria, M; Barratt, H; Raine, R; Cookson, R; (2016) Are some areas more equal than others? Socioeconomic inequality in potentially avoidable emergency hospital admissions within English local authority areas. Journal of Health Services Research and Policy (In press).
http://ift.tt/2faXy8z
Evolutionary relationships and systematics of Atoposauridae (Crocodylomorpha: Neosuchia): implications for the rise of Eusuchia
Tennant, JP; Mannion, PD; Upchurch, P; (2016) Evolutionary relationships and systematics of Atoposauridae (Crocodylomorpha: Neosuchia): implications for the rise of Eusuchia. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society , 177 (4) pp. 854-936. 10.1111/zoj.12400 . Green open access
http://ift.tt/2g1OOzm
Frequency Splitting Analysis and Compensation Method for Inductive Wireless Powering of Implantable Biosensors
Schormans, M; Valente, V; Demosthenous, A; (2016) Frequency Splitting Analysis and Compensation Method for Inductive Wireless Powering of Implantable Biosensors. Sensors , 16 (8) , Article 1229. 10.3390/s16081229 . Green open access
http://ift.tt/2faOArS
Anthropology inside out
Peacock, V; (2016) Anthropology inside out. HAU: Journal of Ethnographic Theory , 6 (1) pp. 135-139. 10.14318/hau6.1.010 . Green open access
http://ift.tt/2g1PMvh
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