Minocycline successfully treats exaggerated granulomatous hypersensitivity reaction to Mw immunotherapy

Abstract

Mycobacterium W (Mw) vaccine has been found to be effective in the treatment of leprosy and warts. Despite increasing use of Mw immunotherapy, data on its safety is limited. We report a series of eight patients who developed persisting injection site granulomatous reaction following Mw immunotherapy and were successfully treated with minocycline. Eight patients with persistent nodular swelling at the site of Mw injections were identified. Seven of them had received Mw immunotherapy for cutaneous warts and one for verrucous epidermal nevus. The lesions were firm, erythematous, succulent, non-tender nodules confined to the sites of Mw vaccine injections. In 6 of these patients nodules also involved the previously injected areas. Skin biopsy from all patients showed eosinophil rich inflammation admixed with histiocytes and lymphocytes. In addition granulomas were seen in all with septal and nodular panniculitis in four patients. Broken and granular acid-fast bacilli were identified in two cases. All patients were treated with oral minocycline 100 mg/day for a mean of 9 weeks and showed good clinical response. Granulomatous reaction is a rare but significant adverse effect of Mw immunotherapy at cosmetically and functionally imperative sites. Oral minocycline appears to be effective therapy in this situation.

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Generalized granulomatous dermatitis following Mycobacterium w (Mw) immunotherapy in lepromatous leprosy

Abstract

Mycobacterium w (Mw) vaccine is a heat-killed suspension derived from a nonpathogenic, cultivable, atypical mycobacterium named Mycobacterium indicus pranii. Mw immunotherapy has been reported to be efficacious as an adjunct to multidrug therapy multibacillary regimen in leprosy patients with high bacillary index. Cutaneous reactions are predominant adverse effects associated with the administration of vaccines. Cutaneous adverse effects ascribed to Mw vaccine are generally limited to the site of injection. We herein describe two cases of lepromatous leprosy who developed an unusual generalized cutaneous reaction following Mw immunotherapy. A high index of suspicion is needed to identify such manifestations in leprosy cases to avoid misdiagnosis of a relapse or a reaction and for appropriate treatment.

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Impending skin necrosis after dermal filler injection: A “golden time” for first-aid intervention

Abstract

Vascular compromise with impending skin necrosis is one of the most serious potential complications. Early recognition of vascular occlusion and swift and aggressive treatment are required to avoid any irreversible changes. However, initial symptoms of a vascular event are often dismissed as simple post-procedural discomfort. If more than 3 days pass after filler injection, crust formation is initiated over the erythematous base along with a rim of fibrous tissue. Due to the replacement of normal tissues by fibrous material, the healing process may result in scar formation in spite of debridement and aggressive dressing changes. Scars often cause contracture and subsequent cosmetic disfigurement, which results in a traumatic burden to the patient. By sharing our experience of the patients with filler induced skin necrosis, we suggest that treatment should be initiated no later than 3 days after the procedure.

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Treatment of prurigo nodularis with lenalidomide

Abstract

Prurigo nodularis (PN) is an intensely pruriginous dermatological disorder whose treatment is challenging for dermatologists. It is characterized by eruptions of papules and hyperkeratotic nodules, some of which are eroded, on the extensor surfaces of the limbs. The most commonly used treatments for this condition are oral antihistamines and topical or systemic steroids. Thalidomide is an effective treatment option in cases of recalcitrant PN; however, its most frequent adverse effect is neurotoxicity, which often results in its discontinuation. Lenalidomide is an analogue of thalidomide that is more powerful and associated with less neurotoxicity than thalidomide. We report the third case of PN treated with lenalidomide, which involved a patient who was refractory to thalidomide. Lenalidomide may be a more effective treatment for PN than thalidomide and has a more favorable side effects profile than its counterpart.

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N-acetyl cysteine in the treatment of trichotillomania

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Combination treatment of propranolol, minocycline, and tranexamic acid for effective control of rosacea

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Reduction in psoriasis related pruritus during biologic therapy*

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Giving Tuesday: Show your support this Tuesday, November 29, 2016

#GivingTuesday is a global day of giving fueled by the power of social media and collaboration. Celebrated on the Tuesday following Thanksgiving (in the U.S.) and the widely recognized shopping events Black Friday and Cyber Monday, #GivingTuesday kicks off the charitable season, when many focus on their holiday and end-of-year giving. Help support the Thyroid Association by contributing to our #GivingTuesday fundraiser during the month of November!

The post Giving Tuesday: Show your support this Tuesday, November 29, 2016 appeared first on American Thyroid Association.

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AMP kinase promotes Bcl6 expression in both mouse and human T cells

Publication date: January 2017
Source:Molecular Immunology, Volume 81
Author(s): Markus M. Xie, Tohti Amet, Hong Liu, Qigui Yu, Alexander L. Dent
The transcription factor Bcl6 is a master regulator of follicular helper T (TFH) cells, and understanding the signaling pathway that induces Bcl6 and TFH cell differentiation is therefore critical. IL-2 produced during T cell activation inhibits Bcl6 expression but how TFH cells evade IL-2 inhibition is not completely understood. Here we show that Bcl6 is highly up-regulated in activated CD4 T cells following glucose deprivation (GD), and this pathway is insensitive to inhibition by IL-2. Similar to GD, the glucose analog 2-deoxyglucose (2DG) inhibits glycolysis, and 2DG induced Bcl6 expression in activated CD4 T cells. The metabolic sensor AMP kinase (AMPK) is activated when glycolysis is decreased, and the induction of Bcl6 by GD was inhibited by the AMPK antagonist compound C. Additionally, activation of AMPK by the drug AICAR caused Bcl6 up-regulation in activated CD4 T cells. When mice were immunized with KLH using AICAR as an adjuvant, there was a strong TFH–dependent enhancement of KLH-specific antibody (Ab) responses, and higher Bcl6 expression in TFH cells in vivo. Activation of AMPK strongly induced BCL6 and the up-regulation of TFH cell marker expression by human CD4 T cells. Our data reveal a major new pathway for TFH cell differentiation, conserved by both mouse and human T cells. Mature TFH cells are reported to have a lower metabolic state compared to TH1 cells. Our data indicates that decreased metabolism may be deterministic for TFH cell differentiation, and not simply a result of TFH cell differentiation.



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Human amniotic epithelial cells inhibit CD4+ T cell activation in acute kidney injury patients by influencing the miR-101-c-Rel-IL-2 pathway

Publication date: January 2017
Source:Molecular Immunology, Volume 81
Author(s): Junfeng Liu, Rong Hua, Zhangbin Gong, Bin Shang, Yongyi Huang, Lihe Guo, Te Liu, Jun Xue
In the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury (AKI), the release of multiple interleukins can lead to increased kidney damage. Human amniotic epithelial cells (HuAECs) can inhibit immune cell activation in vivo and in vitro. We hypothesized that HuAECs could weaken patient-derived peripheral blood CD4+ T-cell activation and decreasing the ability of these cells to express and release IL-2. −Cell proliferation assay revealed that under the same culture conditions, activated AKI patient-derived CD4+ T cells had a significantly reduced proliferation rate when were co-cultured with HuAECs. And the level of IL-2 released was also significantly reduced. Western blot and qRT-PCR assays showed that the expression of c-Rel in the CD4+ T cells was also significantly reduced. However, the expression level of endogenous miR-101 in the CD4+ T cells co-cultured with HuAECs was significantly increased. Luciferase reporter assay results suggested that miR-101 could bind to a specific site in the c-Rel 3′ UTR and induce the post-transcriptional silencing of c-Rel. Subsequently, we over-expressed miR-101 in AKI patient-derived CD4+ T cells. The qRT-PCR and western blot assay results revealed that the expression of endogenous c-Rel was significantly reduced, while the ELISA results indicated that the level of IL-2 released was also significantly decreased. Finally, ChIP-PCR assay results showed that the miR-101-overexpressing CD4+ T-cell group and the HuAEC co-culture CD4+ T-cell group exhibited significantly decreased binding capacities between the 'c-Rel-NFκB' complex and the IL-2 gene promoter, and the transcriptional activity of IL-2 was also significantly decreased. Therefore, we confirmed that HuAECs can stimulate miR-101 expression in AKI patient-derived peripheral blood CD4+ T cells, thus inhibiting the expression of the miR-101 target gene c-Rel and leading to a reduction in IL-2 expression and release.



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Robust Improper Maximum Likelihood: Tuning, Computation, and a Comparison With Other Methods for Robust Gaussian Clustering

Coretto, P; Hennig, C; (2016) Robust Improper Maximum Likelihood: Tuning, Computation, and a Comparison With Other Methods for Robust Gaussian Clustering. Journal of the American Statistical Association 0-0. 10.1080/01621459.2015.1100996 .

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A Review of Cognitive Outcome after Unilateral Lesions Sustained during Childhood

(1994) A Review of Cognitive Outcome after Unilateral Lesions Sustained during Childhood. Journal of Child Neurology , 9 (2_suppl) 2S67-2S73. 10.1177/0883073894009002101 .

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Empirical Analysis and Modeling of the Activity Dilemmas in Big Social Networks

Xiong, X; Jiang, D; Wu, Y; He, L; Song, H; Lv, Z; (2016) Empirical Analysis and Modeling of the Activity Dilemmas in Big Social Networks. IEEE Access p. 1. 10.1109/ACCESS.2016.2626079 .

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Pupils’ perceptions of informal learning in school music lessons

Hallam, S; Creech, A; McQueen, H; (2016) Pupils' perceptions of informal learning in school music lessons. Music Education Research pp. 1-18. 10.1080/14613808.2016.1249358 . (In press).

http://ift.tt/2gueJ35

Selective spectrum sensing and access based on traffic prediction

Yuan, G; Grammenos, RC; Yang, Y; Wang, W; (2009) Selective spectrum sensing and access based on traffic prediction. In:

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Performance Analysis of Selective Opportunistic Spectrum Access With Traffic Prediction

Yuan, G; Grammenos, RC; Yang, Y; Wang, W; (2010) Performance Analysis of Selective Opportunistic Spectrum Access With Traffic Prediction. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY , 59 (4) pp. 1949-1959. 10.1109/TVT.2009.2039155 .

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Clinical manifestations of intermediate allele carriers in Huntington disease

Cubo, E; Ramos-Arroyo, MA; Martinez-Horta, S; Martínez-Descalls, A; Calvo, S; Gil-Polo, C; Clinical manifestations of intermediate allele carriers in Huntington disease. Neurology 10.1212/WNL.0000000000002944-10.1212/WNL.0000000000002944. 10.1212/WNL.0000000000002944 . (In press).

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The impact of oculomotor functioning on neuropsychological performance in Huntington disease

Carvalho, JO; Long, JD; Westervelt, HJ; Smith, MM; Bruce, JM; Kim, JI; Mills, JA; Carvalho, JO; Long, JD; Westervelt, HJ; Smith, MM; Bruce, JM; Kim, JI; Mills, JA; Paulsen, JS; De Soriano, I; Shadrick, C; Miller, A; Chiu, E; Preston, J; Goh, A; Antonopoulos, S; Loi, S; Chua, P; Komiti, A; Raymond, L; Decolongon, J; Fan, M; Coleman, A; Ross, CA; Varvaris, M; Ong, M; Yoritomo, N; Mallonee, WM; Suter, G; Samii, A; Freney, EP; Macaraeg, A; Jones, R; Wood-Siverio, C; Factor, SA; Barker, RA; Mason, S; Guzman, NV; McCusker, E; Griffith, J; Loy, C; McMillan, J; Gunn, D; Orth, M; Süßmuth, S; Barth, K; Trautmann, S; Schwenk, D; Eschenbach, C; Quaid, K; Wesson, M; Wojcieszek, J; Guttman, M; Sheinberg, A; Law, A; Karmalkar, I; Perlman, S; Clemente, B; Geschwind, MD; Sha, S; Winer, J; Satris, G; Warner, T; Burrows, M; Rosser, A; Price, K; Hunt, S; Marshall, F; Chesire, A; Wodarski, M; Hickey, C; Panegyres, P; Lee, J; Tedesco, M; Maxwell, B; Perlmutter, J; Barton, S; Smith, S; Miedzybrodzka, Z; Rae, D; Vaughan, V; D'Alessandro, M; Craufurd, D; Bek, J; Howard, E; Mazzoni, P; Marder, K; Wasserman, P; Kumar, R; Erickson, D; Reeves, C; Nickels, B; Wheelock, V; Kjer, L; Martin, A; Farias, S; - view fewer (2016) The impact of oculomotor functioning on neuropsychological performance in Huntington disease. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology , 38 (2) pp. 217-226. 10.1080/13803395.2015.1101054 .

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Understanding Cryptic Pocket Formation in Protein Targets by Enhanced Sampling Simulations

Oleinikovas, V; Saladino, G; Cossins, BP; Gervasio, FL; (2016) Understanding Cryptic Pocket Formation in Protein Targets by Enhanced Sampling Simulations. Journal of the American Chemical Society , 138 (43) pp. 14257-14263. 10.1021/jacs.6b05425 .

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The ALMA Protostellar Interferometric Line Survey (PILS): First results from an unbiased submillimeter wavelength line survey of the Class 0 protostellar binary IRAS 16293-2422 with ALMA

Jørgensen, JK; Wiel, MHDVD; Coutens, A; Lykke, JM; Müller, HSP; Dishoeck, EFV; Calcutt, H; Jørgensen, JK; Wiel, MHDVD; Coutens, A; Lykke, JM; Müller, HSP; Dishoeck, EFV; Calcutt, H; Bjerkeli, P; Bourke, TL; Drozdovskaya, MN; Favre, C; Fayolle, EC; Garrod, RT; Jacobsen, SK; Öberg, KI; Persson, MV; Wampfler, SF; - view fewer The ALMA Protostellar Interferometric Line Survey (PILS): First results from an unbiased submillimeter wavelength line survey of the Class 0 protostellar binary IRAS 16293-2422 with ALMA. A , 595 A117-. 10.1051/0004-6361/201628648 .

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Ideology and Interests in Putin’s Construction of Eurasia

Duncan, PJS; (2015) Ideology and Interests in Putin's Construction of Eurasia. In: Lane, D and Samokhvalov, V, (eds.) The Eurasian project and Europe: regional discontinuities and geopolitics. (pp. 102-115). Palgrave Macmillan: Basingstoke, UK.

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The subjective wellbeing of migrants in Guangzhou, China: The impacts of the social and physical environment

Liu, Y; Zhang, F; Wu, F; Liu, Y; Li, Z; (2017) The subjective wellbeing of migrants in Guangzhou, China: The impacts of the social and physical environment. Cities , 60 pp. 333-342. 10.1016/j.cities.2016.10.008 . (In press).

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