IJMS, Vol. 17, Pages 485: Do Variants in GSTs Modify the Association between Traffic Air Pollution and Asthma in Adolescence?

Polymorphisms in genes involved in the oxidative stress response may partially explain the documented heterogeneous associations between traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) exposure and asthma and allergies in children. We investigated whether the GSTT1, GSTM1 and GSTP1 gene polymorphisms modified the associations between TRAP exposure during the first year of life and asthma, wheeze and hay fever in adolescence. We used a birth cohort of 620 high risk infants from the Melbourne Atopy Cohort Study. TRAP exposure during the first year of life was defined as the cumulative length of major roads within 150 m of each participant's residence during the first year of life. Wheeze, asthma and hay fever were measured at ages 12 (n = 370) and 18 (n = 434) years. The associations and interactions with glutathione S-transferases (GST s) were investigated using regression models. Overall, there was no relationship between TRAP exposure during the first year of life and current asthma, wheeze and hay fever at ages 12 or 18 years. However, in GSTT1 null carriers, every 100 m increase in cumulative lengths of major road exposure during the first year of life was associated with a 2.31-fold increased risk of wheeze and a 2.15-fold increased risk of asthma at 12 years. TRAP is associated with some respiratory outcomes in carriers of genetic polymorphisms in oxidative stress metabolism genes.

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IJMS, Vol. 17, Pages 484: KRAS G12V Mutation Detection by Droplet Digital PCR in Circulating Cell-Free DNA of Colorectal Cancer Patients

KRAS mutations are responsible for resistance to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapy in colorectal cancer patients. These mutations sometimes appear once treatment has started. Detection of KRAS mutations in circulating cell-free DNA in plasma ("liquid biopsy") by droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) has emerged as a very sensitive and promising alternative to serial biopsies for disease monitoring. In this study, KRAS G12V mutation was analyzed by ddPCR in plasma DNA from 10 colorectal cancer patients and compared to six healthy donors. The percentage of KRAS G12V mutation relative to wild-type sequences in tumor-derived DNA was also determined. KRAS G12V mutation circulating in plasma was detected in 9 of 10 colorectal cancer patients whose tumors were also mutated. Colorectal cancer patients had 35.62 copies of mutated KRAS/mL plasma, whereas in healthy controls only residual copies were found (0.62 copies/mL, p = 0.0066). Interestingly, patients with metastatic disease showed a significantly higher number of mutant copies than M0 patients (126.25 versus 9.37 copies/mL, p = 0.0286). Wild-type KRAS was also significantly elevated in colorectal cancer patients compared to healthy controls (7718.8 versus 481.25 copies/mL, p = 0.0002). In conclusion, KRAS G12V mutation is detectable in plasma of colorectal cancer patients by ddPCR and could be used as a non-invasive biomarker.

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IJMS, Vol. 17, Pages 496: Characterization of Virulence Properties of Aeromonas veronii Isolated from Diseased Gibel Carp (Carassius gibelio)

Aeromonas veronii is a kind of opportunistic pathogen to fish and humans, significantly impending aquaculture production. Recently, we isolated two A. veronii strains, named GYC1 and GYC2, from diseased Gibel carp (Carassius gibelio) in China. Based on gyrB (DNA gyrase B subunit) genes of GYC1 and GYC2, the constructed phylogenetic tree showed that the two strains were clustered with A. veronii. Sixteen virulence genes related to the pathogenicity of Aeromonas spp. were subjected to PCR assay. The genes of ompAI, ompAII, lafA, act, aer, fla, gcaT and acg were detected in the two strains, while genes of hly, ahp, lip, ast and alt were not detected. Additionally, genes eprCAI, ela and exu were only detected in the strain GYC1. Furthermore, the results of extracellular enzyme analysis revealed that the two isolates can produce hemolysin, caseinase, esterase, amylase and lecithinase, which were closely related to the pathogenicity of the two strains. However, the results showed that there was no gelatinase activity in either strain. According to the antibiotic resistant assay, the two strains were sensitive to cephalosporins and aminoglycosides, while they were resistant to penicillins and quinolones. Through this study, the virulence characteristics, including virulence genes and extracellular enzymes, the pathogenicity of A. veronii was clarified, enhancing the understanding about this pathogenic bacterium and providing the theoretical basis in disease control.

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Transforming Healthcare with the Internet of Things

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Cardiac autonomic dysfunction in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease.

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Cardiac autonomic dysfunction in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease.

World J Gastroenterol. 2015 Jun 14;21(22):6982-9

Authors: Milovanovic B, Filipovic B, Mutavdzin S, Zdravkovic M, Gligorijevic T, Paunovic J, Arsic M

Abstract
AIM: To investigate autonomic nervous function in patients with a diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
METHODS: The investigation was performed on 29 patients (14 men), aged 18-80 years (51.14 ± 18.34), who were referred to our Neurocardiology Laboratory at the Clinical and Hospital Center "Bezanijska Kosa" with a diagnosis of GERD. One hundred sixteen healthy volunteers matched in age and sex with the examinees served as the control group. The study protocol included the evaluation of autonomic function and hemodynamic status, short-term heart rate variability (HRV) analysis, 24 h ambulatory ECG monitoring with long-term HRV analysis and 24 h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring.
RESULTS: Pathologic results of cardiovascular reflex test were more common among patients with reflux compared to the control group. Severe autonomic dysfunction was detected in 44.4% of patients and in 7.9% of controls (P < 0.001). Parameters of short-term analysis of RR variability, which are the indicators of vagal activity, had lower values in patients with GERD than in the control group. Long-term HRV analysis of time-domain parameters indicated lower values in patients with reflux disease when compared to the control group. Power spectral analysis of long-term HRV revealed lower low- and high-frequency values. Detailed 24 h ambulatory blood pressure analysis showed significantly higher values of systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure in the reflux group than in the control group.
CONCLUSION: Patients with GERD have distortion of sympathetic and parasympathetic components of the autonomic nervous system, but impaired parasympathetic function appears more congruent to GERD.

PMID: 26078576 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Esomeprazole regimens for reflux symptoms in Chinese patients with chronic gastritis.

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Esomeprazole regimens for reflux symptoms in Chinese patients with chronic gastritis.

World J Gastroenterol. 2015 Jun 14;21(22):6965-73

Authors: Sun J, Yuan YZ, Hou XH, Zou DW, Lu B, Chen MH, Liu F, Wu KC, Zou XP, Li YQ, Zhou LY

Abstract
AIM: To compare symptom control with esomeprazole regimens for non-erosive reflux disease and chronic gastritis in patients with a negative endoscopy.
METHODS: This randomized, open-label study was designed in line with clinical practice in China. Patients with typical reflux symptoms for ≥ 3 mo and a negative endoscopy who had a Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire score ≥ 8 were randomized to initial treatment with esomeprazole 20 mg once daily either for 8 wk or for 2 wk. Patients with symptom relief could enter another 24 wk of maintenance/on-demand treatment, where further courses of esomeprazole 20 mg once daily were given if symptoms recurred. The primary endpoint was the symptom control rate at week 24 of the maintenance/on-demand treatment period. Secondary endpoints were symptom relief rate, success rate (defined as patients who had symptom relief after initial treatment and after 24 wk of maintenance treatment), time-to-first-relapse and satisfaction rate.
RESULTS: Based on the data collected in the modified intention-to-treat population (MITT; patients in the ITT population with symptom relief after initial esomeprazole treatment, n = 262), the symptom control rate showed a small but statistically significant difference in favor of the 8-wk regimen (94.9% vs 87.3%, P = 0.0473). Among the secondary endpoints, based on the data collected in the ITT population (n = 305), the 8-wk group presented marginally better results in symptom relief after initial esomeprazole treatment (88.3% vs 83.4%, P = 0.2513) and success rate over the whole study (83.8% vs 72.8%, P = 0.0258). The 8-wk regimen was found to provide a 46% reduction in risk of relapse vs the 2-wk regimen (HR = 0.543; 95%CI: 0.388-0.761). In addition, fewer unscheduled visits and higher patient satisfaction supported the therapeutic benefits of the 8-wk regimen over the 2-wk regimen. Safety was comparable between the two groups, with both regimens being well tolerated.
CONCLUSION: Chinese patients diagnosed with chronic gastritis achieved marginally better control of reflux symptoms with an 8-wk vs a 2-wk esomeprazole regimen, with a similar safety profile.

PMID: 26078574 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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The Role of Gastroesophageal Reflux and Other Factors during Progression to Esophageal Adenocarcinoma.

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The Role of Gastroesophageal Reflux and Other Factors during Progression to Esophageal Adenocarcinoma.

Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2015 Jul;24(7):1012-23

Authors: Hazelton WD, Curtius K, Inadomi JM, Vaughan TL, Meza R, Rubenstein JH, Hur C, Luebeck EG

Abstract
BACKGROUND: U.S. esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) incidence increased over 5-fold between 1975 and 2009. Symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease (sGERD) elevates the risk for EAC. However, a simple calculation suggests that changes in sGERD prevalence can explain at most approximately 16% of this trend. Importantly, a mechanistic understanding of the influence of sGERD and other factors (OF) on EAC is lacking.
METHODS: A multiscale model was developed to estimate temporal trends for sGERD and OF, and their mechanistic role during carcinogenesis. Model calibration was to Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) incidence and age-dependent sGERD data using maximum likelihood and Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods.
RESULTS: Among men, 77.8% [95% credibility interval (CI), 64.9%-85.6%] of the incidence trend is attributable to OF, 13.4% (95% CI, 11.4%-17.3%) to sGERD, and 8.8% (95% CI, 4.2%-13.7%) to sGERD-OF interactions. Among women, 32.6% (95% CI, 27.0%-39.9%) of the trend is attributable to OF, 13.6% (95% CI, 12.5%-15.9%) to sGERD, and 47.4% (95% CI, 30.7%-64.6%) to interactions. The predicted trends were compared with historical trends for obesity, smoking, and proton pump inhibitor use. Interestingly, predicted OF cohort trends correlated most highly with median body mass index (BMI) at age 50 (r = 0.988 for men; r = 0.998 for women).
CONCLUSIONS: sGERD and OF mechanistically increase premalignant cell promotion, which increases EAC risk exponentially with exposure duration.
IMPACT: Surveillance should target individuals with long-duration sGERD and OF exposures.

PMID: 25931440 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Meta-analysis of the effectiveness of esomeprazole in gastroesophageal reflux disease and Helicobacter pylori infection.

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Meta-analysis of the effectiveness of esomeprazole in gastroesophageal reflux disease and Helicobacter pylori infection.

J Clin Pharm Ther. 2015 Aug;40(4):368-75

Authors: Teng M, Khoo AL, Zhao YJ, Lin L, Lim BP, Wu TS, Dan YY

Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are one of the most widely used classes of drugs. However, the quantum clinical benefit of newer and more expensive PPIs over the older generation PPIs remains uncertain. This meta-analysis sought to assess the clinical and safety profiles of esomeprazole versus omeprazole at pharmacologically equivalent doses in healing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcer disease and eradicating Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection.
METHODS: PubMed and the Cochrane Library were searched for randomized controlled trials comparing esomeprazole with omeprazole at all doses up to February 2015. Trials were assessed by two reviewers for eligibility according to predefined study inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis was conducted using a random effects model, and heterogeneity in the estimated effects was investigated using meta-regression. Sensitivity analysis was performed to test the robustness of the findings.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Fifteen trials were included and none of which compared esomeprazole with omeprazole in peptic ulcer disease. The included studies had not evaluated esomeprazole 20 mg versus omeprazole 40 mg. In GERD, esomeprazole 40 mg (relative risk (RR) = 1·07; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·02 to 1·12) and 20 mg (RR=1·04; 95% CI 1·01 to 1·08) significantly improved esophagitis healing when compared with omeprazole 20 mg at week 8. The corresponding numbers needed to treat were 17 and 30, respectively. No significant difference was observed between esomeprazole 20 mg and omeprazole 20 mg at week 4. In H. pylori eradication, there was no difference in the treatment effects between esomeprazole 20 mg and omeprazole 20 mg (RR = 1·01;95% CI 0·96 to 1·05). Their safety profiles were comparable.
WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION: Esomeprazole demonstrated better esophagitis healing rate in patients with GERD than omeprazole at week 8. However, this clinical advantage diminished when both drugs were given at the same doses at week 4. Superiority of esomeprazole was not observed in the H. pylori eradication rates.

PMID: 25893507 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Correlation between hypersensitivity induced by esophageal acid infusion and the baseline impedance level in patients with suspected gastroesophageal reflux.

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Correlation between hypersensitivity induced by esophageal acid infusion and the baseline impedance level in patients with suspected gastroesophageal reflux.

J Gastroenterol. 2015 Jul;50(7):735-43

Authors: Seo AY, Shin CM, Kim N, Yoon H, Park YS, Lee DH

Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the relevance between the pH parameters and baseline impedance level or esophageal hypomotility in patients with suspected gastroesophageal reflux.
METHOD: The recordings of 51 patients with heartburn, acid regurgitation, globus or noncardiac chest pain were analyzed. Evaluation included a 24-h multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH test while on off-proton pump inhibitor therapy over 1 week, high-resolution manometry and Bernstein test. Mean baseline impedance level at the most distal portion of the impedance channel was assessed manually. Esophageal hypomotility was evaluated using transitional zone defect (TZD) and distal break (DB) length measurement.
RESULT: In the study subjects (n = 51), 6 had a DeMeester score of more than 14.7 and 14 had a positive symptom index. The Bernstein test was positive in ten patients. The baseline impedance level was inversely correlated with the acid exposure time % (r = -0.660, P < 0.001). Also, all reflux and weakly acid reflux time % measured by impedance monitoring showed a weak correlation with TZD + DB length (r = 0.327 and 0.324, P = 0.019 and 0.020, respectively). Although a positive Bernstein test has no relevance for the acid exposure time or acid-related symptoms as represented by the DeMeester score or symptom index, the baseline impedance level was significantly lower in patients with a positive Bernstein test than in those with a negative one (2,628.4 ± 862.7 vs. 1,752.2 ± 611.1 Ω, P = 0.004).
CONCLUSION: A lower baseline impedance level is closely related to increased esophageal acid exposure. Hypersensitivity induced by esophageal acid infusion might be attributed to acid-induced mucosal changes of the esophagus.

PMID: 25479939 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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The utility of endoscopy and multichannel intraluminal impedance testing in children with cough and wheezing.

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The utility of endoscopy and multichannel intraluminal impedance testing in children with cough and wheezing.

Pediatr Pulmonol. 2014 Nov;49(11):1090-6

Authors: Rosen R, Amirault J, Johnston N, Haver K, Khatwa U, Rubinstein E, Nurko S

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) has been implicated as a causal factor in respiratory disease but prior studies have focused on the role of acid alone in the genesis of symptoms. Prior studies have relied on pH probe testing but this is blind to non-acid reflux which has been implicated in the genesis of extraesophageal symptoms. The objective of this prospective, cross-sectional study is to determine the utility of gastroesophageal reflux testing, including multichannel intraluminal impedance with pH (pH-MII) and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (EGD), in the child with intractable cough and wheezing. We hypothesize that there is a high rate of pathologic reflux testing in these patients.
METHODS: Children ages 1-18 with chronic cough and wheezing who were undergoing bronchoscopy for the evaluation of cough and wheezing were recruited into this prospective, cross-sectional study. They underwent identical reflux testing with pH-MII and EGD at the time of bronchoscopy. Reflux burden, symptom association, and rates of esophageal pathology were determined. Results 58% of patients had abnormal reflux testing; 67% of patients had an abnormal pH-MII test and 32% of patients had abnormal esophageal biopsies. The most common pH-MII abnormality was an abnormal symptom association between cough and reflux and the most common endoscopic abnormality was reflux esophagitis. Seven percent of patients presenting only with cough were diagnosed with eosinophilic esophagitis.
CONCLUSIONS: There is a high yield to reflux testing in children with chronic cough and wheezing.

PMID: 24178927 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"[jour]; +16 new citations

16 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:

"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"[jour]

These pubmed results were generated on 2016/04/01

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The effects of quorum sensing peptides on colon cancer cells: implications for the role of the gut microbiome

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Small Intestinal Metastasis from Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Presenting with Perforated Peritonitis.

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Small Intestinal Metastasis from Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Presenting with Perforated Peritonitis.

Tokai J Exp Clin Med. 2015 Jul;40(2):63-8

Authors: Chino O, Makuuchi H, Ozawa S, Shimada H, Nishi T, Yamamoto S, Miyako H, Ito E, Kise Y, Hara T, Kazuno A, Kajiwara H

Abstract
Metastatic tumors of the small intestinal tract from extra-abdominal sites are rare. We report herein a rare case of small intestinal metastasis from esophageal carcinoma that presented with perforated peritonitis. A 71-year-old man with dysphagia was referred to our hospital for further examination and treatment, and was diagnosed with type 3 advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma of the lower thoracic esophagus. Based on a diagnosis of Stage II cancer, a radical esophagectomy with three-field lymph node dissection was performed after neoadjuvant chemotherapy composed of 5-fluorouracil plus cisplatin. Pathological examination of the resected specimen revealed a moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, extending into the adventitia with lymph node metastasis (T3, N2, M0, Stage III). During postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, the patient complained of abdominal pain and was found to have perforated peritonitis. Emergency laparotomy was performed. A jejunal perforation with a submucosal nodule approximately 80 cm distal from the ligament of Treitz was detected, and completely resected by jejunal partial resection. Histopathology of the specimen showed a perforation of the small intestine due to metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with mesenteric lymph node metastasis. The patient died of cancer 9 months after surgery. An extremely rare case of small intestinal metastasis from esophageal carcinoma presenting with perforated peritonitis was described.

PMID: 26150186 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Small Cell Type of Esophageal Neuroendocrine Carcinoma Resembling a Submucosal Tumor.

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Small Cell Type of Esophageal Neuroendocrine Carcinoma Resembling a Submucosal Tumor.

Tokai J Exp Clin Med. 2015 Jul;40(2):36-9

Authors: Chino O, Makuuchi H, Ozawa S, Shimada H, Nishi T, Kise Y, Hara T, Yamamoto S, Kazuno A, Kajiwara H

Abstract
We report a rare case of primary small cell type esophageal neuroendocrine carcinoma with a unusual endoscopic form similar to a submucosal tumor with the results of the histological and immunohistochemical analyses. A 57-year-old woman with dysphagia was referred to our hospital for further examination and treatment, and was diagnosed as type 1s esophageal carcinoma in the middle thoracic esophagus. Endoscopy revealed a protruding esophageal carcinoma resembling a submucosal tumor with an irregular and nodular surface covered by non-neoplastic epithelium stained with iodine. Analysis of the esophageal biopsy specimen revealed poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Based on a diagnosis of type 1s carcinoma in the middle thoracic esophagus that was 5 cm in size longitudinally, a radical esophagectomy with three-field lymph node dissection was performed. The pathological examination with histological and immunohistochemical analysis of the resected specimen revealed a small cell type neuroendocrine carcinoma overlaid by a non-neoplastic epithelium, extending into the adventitia without lymph node metastasis (T3, N0, M0, Stage II). However, multiple metastases in the brain and lung developed 3 months postoperatively, and the patient died of the cancer 7 months after the operation. This was a rare case of a highly malignant primary small cell type esophageal neuroendocrine carcinoma showing extremely rare form.

PMID: 26150181 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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A rare case of melanotic malignant trichoblastoma.

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A rare case of melanotic malignant trichoblastoma.

J Cancer Res Ther. 2015 Apr-Jun;11(2):496-7

Authors: Kumar YS, Sathish Chandra BK, Girish S, Bhat S, George A

PMID: 26148631 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Granular cell basal cell carcinoma: A rare variant.

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Granular cell basal cell carcinoma: A rare variant.

Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2015 Jul-Aug;81(4):420-2

Authors: Tichy M, Sen MT

PMID: 26087093 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Gene Therapy Briefs.

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Gene Therapy Briefs.

Hum Gene Ther Clin Dev. 2015 Jun;26(2):71-6

Authors: Philippidis A

PMID: 26086749 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Giant Paratubal Cyst in Adolescence: Case Report, Modified Minimal Access Surgical Technique, and Literature Review.

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Giant Paratubal Cyst in Adolescence: Case Report, Modified Minimal Access Surgical Technique, and Literature Review.

J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2015 Oct;28(5):e143-5

Authors: Asare EA, Greenberg S, Szabo S, Sato TT

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Giant paratubal cysts are rare lesions that can present management challenges due to their enormous size. We present a modified minimally invasive approach for effective surgical management of giant paratubal cysts.
CASE: A 19-year-old adolescent with worsening abdominal distention and metrorrhagia was diagnosed with a giant paratubal cyst. A modified, minimally invasive technique designed to limit spillage of cyst fluid was successfully used for surgical management.
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION: We evacuated 5500 mL of cyst fluid without spillage, and near-complete excision of cyst was performed with preservation of adnexa. Preservation of the adnexa in female adolescents is critical, and minimally invasive approaches should be used where possible.

PMID: 26081480 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Bilateral Florid Juvenile Fibroadenomas of the Breast in an Adolescent: A Rare Indication for Subcutaneous Mastectomy.

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Bilateral Florid Juvenile Fibroadenomas of the Breast in an Adolescent: A Rare Indication for Subcutaneous Mastectomy.

J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2015 Oct;28(5):e135-7

Authors: Kaur N, Saini S, Somasekhar S, Gupta A

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Juvenile fibroadenomas are rare and constitute about 0.5% to 4% of all fibroadenomas. They present as circumscribed, often large breast masses in adolescent females and are usually managed with simple enucleation.
CASE: A 15-year-old girl presented with a 6-month history of rapidly growing breasts. On examination, she was found to have large, diffusely nodular breasts with marked asymmetry. Ultrasound and fine needle aspiration cytology results were suggestive of fibroadenomas, and the patient was planned for excision through a submammary incision.
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION: During surgery, both the breasts were found to be studded with nodules of varying sizes with very little normal breast tissue. A bilateral subcutaneous mastectomy was performed for complete removal of the fibroadenomas. Histopathology was reported as multiple juvenile fibroadenomas. Both breasts were later reconstructed with a latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap with implants. We present this case to highlight a rare indication for bilateral subcutaneous mastectomy for a benign condition of the breast.

PMID: 26049942 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Mycosis fungoides mimicking nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola in an adolescent.

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Mycosis fungoides mimicking nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola in an adolescent.

Turk J Pediatr. 2014 Sep-Oct;56(5):565-7

Authors: Yalçın B, Gür G, Tabanlıoğlu-Onan D, Ekici Ö

Abstract
Mycosis fungoides is one of the great imitators in dermatology; it can mimic many dermatoses. Nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola is a rare idiopathic disease with typical clinical features of verrucous thickening and brownish discoloration of the nipple, areola or both. Here, a 16-year-old male patient with mycosis fungoides mimicking nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola has been reported. To our knowledge, this is the first atypical MF patient to have presented with a NHNA-like lesion. Although the clinical appearance of nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola is highly characteristic for diagnosis, histopathological examination is recommended, especially in cases with atypical features such as unexpected age, male gender and unilateral location.

PMID: 26022599 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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State of the Art: MR Imaging of Thymoma.

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State of the Art: MR Imaging of Thymoma.

Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2015 May;23(2):165-77

Authors: Carter BW, Benveniste MF, Truong MT, Marom EM

Abstract
Thymoma is the most common primary malignancy of the anterior mediastinum and the most common thymic epithelial neoplasm, but it is a rare tumor that constitutes less than 1% of adult malignancies. Computed tomography (CT) is currently the imaging modality of choice for distinguishing thymoma from other anterior mediastinal masses, characterizing the primary tumor, and staging the disease. However, magnetic resonance imaging is also effective in evaluating and characterizing anterior mediastinal masses and staging thymoma in patients with contraindications to contrast-material-enhanced CT such as contrast allergy and/or renal failure.

PMID: 25952513 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Submucosal Lipoma: a Rare Cause of Recurrent Intestinal Obstruction and Intestinal Intussusception.

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Submucosal Lipoma: a Rare Cause of Recurrent Intestinal Obstruction and Intestinal Intussusception.

J Gastrointest Surg. 2015 Sep;19(9):1733-5

Authors: Jiang RD, Zhi XT, Zhang B, Chen ZQ, Li T

Abstract
Intestinal lipomas are rare nonepithelial tumors that are usually detected incidentally. They are usually asymptomatic, but lipomas larger than 2 cm may become symptomatic due to obstruction, bleeding, or intussusception. Adult intussusception due to intestinal lipoma is a very rare condition. In this paper, we report a case of small bowel lipoma that became symptomatic due to intermittent obstruction episodes and ileo-ileal intussuception. Segmental ileal resection was performed, and histopathological examination of the resected specimen confirmed the diagnosis of lipoma.

PMID: 25895980 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of bone and soft tissue: a systematic review of 107 patients in the past 20 years.

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Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of bone and soft tissue: a systematic review of 107 patients in the past 20 years.

PLoS One. 2015;10(4):e0122216

Authors: Xu J, Li D, Xie L, Tang S, Guo W

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma(MCS) is a rare high-grade variant of chondrosarcoma. Consensus has not been reached on its optimal management. Resection with wide margins is usually recommended, but the effect of margins has been demonstrated by little positive evidence. Moreover, the effectiveness of adjuvant chemo- and/or radiotherapy remains controversial.
OBJECTIVES: To describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of MCS of bone and soft tissue, to assess the efficacies of surgery, chemotherapy and radiation, and finally to deliver a more appropriate therapy.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed EMBASE-, MEDLINE-, Cochrane-, Ovid- and PubMed-based to find out all cases of MCS of bone and soft tissue described between April 1994 and April 2014. Description of treatment and regular follow-up was required for each study. Language was restricted to English and Chinese. Issues of age, gender, location, metastasis, and treatment were all evaluated for each case. Kaplan-Meier Method and Cox Proportional Hazard Regression Model were used in the survival analysis.
RESULTS: From the 630 identified publications, 18 meeting the inclusion criteria were selected, involving a total of 107 patients. Based on these data, the 5-, 10-and 20-year overall survival are 55.0%, 43.5% and 15.7% respectively. The 5-, 10-, 20- year event-free survival rates are 45.0%, 27.2% and 8.1%, respectively. Treatment without surgery is associated with poorer overall survival and event-free survival. Negative surgical margins could significantly bring down the local-recurrence rate and are associated with a higher event-free survival rate. Chemotherapy regime based on anthracyclines does not benefit the overall survival. The addition of radiation therapy is not significantly associated with the overall or event-free survival. However, we recommend radiation as the salvage therapy for patients with positive margin so as to achieve better local control.
CONCLUSIONS: This review shows that surgery is essential in the management of MCS of bone and soft tissue. Appropriate adjuvant therapy may reduce local recurrence, but cannot benefit the overall survival.

PMID: 25849226 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Imatinib-induced agranulocytosis in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

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Imatinib-induced agranulocytosis in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

J Clin Pharmacol. 2015 Aug;55(8):920-5

Authors: Farag S, Verschoor AJ, Bosma JW, Gelderblom H, Kerst JM, Sleijfer S, Steeghs N

Abstract
Agranulocytosis is a rare but serious side effect of imatinib in gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) patients. Imatinib is an inhibitor of the proto-oncogene tyrosine kinase (c-kit) and the first-line agent in patients with locally advanced and metastatic GIST. Little evidence is available on the management of this adverse event, and consensus-based guidelines are lacking. In this article, we describe 4 patients with agranulocytosis after starting imatinib. In addition, an overview of the available literature concerning the underlying mechanisms is given, and therapeutic strategies for overcoming this adverse event are discussed. In our experience it appears safe to restart imatinib after normalization of neutrophil count. In case of relapse of agranulocytosis, reintroduction combined with prednisolone, with treatment with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor or dose reduction can be considered.

PMID: 25810235 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Clinical characteristics and the risk for malignancy in postmenopausal women with adnexal torsion.

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Clinical characteristics and the risk for malignancy in postmenopausal women with adnexal torsion.

Maturitas. 2015 May;81(1):57-61

Authors: Ganer Herman H, Shalev A, Ginath S, Kerner R, Keidar R, Bar J, Sagiv R

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To compare clinical characteristics and management of adnexal torsion in postmenopausal patients as compared to premenopausal ones.
METHODS: A retrospective 22 year cohort of all cases of surgically verified adnexal torsion in postmenopausal and premenopausal patients, comparing presentation, imaging, surgical procedure and histology.
RESULTS: Thirty five cases of adnexal torsion among postmenopausal patients were compared to 302 cases among premenopausal ones. Complex ovarian masses and larger ovarian diameter were more common among postmenopausal patients (7.8 vs. 6.8 cm, p=0.003). The admission to surgical interval differed substantially between the groups (75.5h in postmenopausal patients vs. 24.4 in the premenopausal ones, p<0.001). The main surgical indication for postmenopausal patients was pelvic mass investigation (54.3% vs 11.6%, p<0.001), and more premenopausal patients underwent surgery with a clinical suspicion of adnexal torsion (77.1% vs. 40%, p<0.001). Extensive surgery including bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with or without total abdominal hysterectomy was more commonly performed in postmenopausal patients, as opposed to conservative surgery, including detorsion and cystectomy/fenestration or detorsion only, in premenopausal surgeries. Cancer was diagnosed in 3% of postmenopausal patients with adnexal torsion.
CONCLUSION: Adnexal torsion in postmenopausal women is rare, but presents similarly, results in more delayed and extensive surgery and involves malignancy in 3%.

PMID: 25804950 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Streptozocin chemotherapy for advanced/metastatic well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors: an analysis of a multi-center survey in Japan.

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Streptozocin chemotherapy for advanced/metastatic well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors: an analysis of a multi-center survey in Japan.

J Gastroenterol. 2015 Jul;50(7):769-75

Authors: Aoki T, Kokudo N, Komoto I, Takaori K, Kimura W, Sano K, Takamoto T, Hashimoto T, Okusaka T, Morizane C, Ito T, Imamura M

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are believed to be relatively rare and to follow a generally indolent course. However, liver metastases are common in NET patients and the outcome of NET liver metastasis is poor. In Western countries, streptozocin (STZ) has been established as a first-line anticancer drug for unresectable NET; however, STZ cannot be used in daily practice in Japan. The aim of the present study was to determine the status of STZ usage in Japan and to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of STZ chemotherapy in Japanese NET patients.
METHODS: A retrospective multi-center survey was conducted. Five institutions with experience performing STZ chemotherapy participated in the study. The patient demographics, tumor characteristics, context of STZ chemotherapy, and patient outcome were collected and assessed.
RESULTS: Fifty-four patients were enrolled. The main recipients of STZ chemotherapy were middle-aged patients with pancreatic NET and unresectable liver metastases. The predominant regimen was the weekly/bi-weekly intravenous administration of STZ combined with other oral anticancer agents. STZ monotherapy was used in one-fourth of the patients. The median progression-free and overall survival periods were 11.8 and 38.7 months, respectively, and sustained stable disease was obtained in some selected patients. The adverse events profile was mild and tolerable.
CONCLUSIONS: Our survey showed the clinical benefit and safety of STZ therapy for Japanese patients with unresectable NET. Therefore, we recommend that STZ, which is the only cytotoxic agent available against NET, should be used in daily practice in Japan.

PMID: 25348496 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Congenital hairy polyp and autoamputation in an infant with acute otitis media.

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Congenital hairy polyp and autoamputation in an infant with acute otitis media.

Turk J Pediatr. 2014 May-Jun;56(3):324-6

Authors: İnce D, Turan Ö, Gemici HB, Erdoğan Ş, Çakır Ç

Abstract
Hairy polyp is a rare, benign tumor that frequently localizes in the nasopharynx and oropharynx. The embryogenesis of hairy polyp is not known precisely. The clinical profile can vary depending on the size and location of the tumor. In this report, we present a case with hairy polyp who was admitted with acute otitis media and completely recovered after spontaneous autoamputation.

PMID: 25341611 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas: a rare entity.

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Solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas: a rare entity.

Turk J Pediatr. 2014 May-Jun;56(3):310-2

Authors: Karadeniz-Cerit K, Ergelen R, Kalyoncu A, Toper H, Dağlı TE

Abstract
Solid pseudopapillary tumor (SPT) of the pancreas is a rare neoplasm in children that mainly occurs in young females. We herein report a rare case of SPT arising from the tail of the pancreas. A 13-year-old girl was admitted to our clinic with abdominal pain and anorexia. A mass was palpated on the physical examination. A 90x72 mm, encapsulated, heterogeneous mass with solid and cystic components was defined on computerized tomography (CT). Distal pancreatectomy was performed during the operation. Histopathological examination revealed that the tumor was a SPT with negative surgical margins. A six-month follow-up after surgical resection showed no evidence of recurrent disease. SPT should always be considered in the differential diagnosis in a young female with a palpable mass.

PMID: 25341607 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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A report of adenocarcinoma in situ and congenital pulmonary airway malformation in a three-day-old infant with a review of the literature.

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A report of adenocarcinoma in situ and congenital pulmonary airway malformation in a three-day-old infant with a review of the literature.

Turk J Pediatr. 2014 May-Jun;56(3):299-302

Authors: Balkanlı S, Özturk MA, Köse M, Baştuğ O, Tekelioğlu F, Hasdıraz L, Doğanay S

Abstract
Association between malignancy and congenital pulmonary airway malformation is a rare entity in childhood. Herein, we describe a three-day-old infant with respiratory distress and cystic lung lesion on her left lung. A lobectomy was performed at the age of three days, and the patient was diagnosed with congenital pulmonary airway malformation and adenocarcinoma in situ.

PMID: 25341604 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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A rare type of cancer in children: extranodal marginal zone B-cell (MALT) lymphoma of the ocular adnexa.

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A rare type of cancer in children: extranodal marginal zone B-cell (MALT) lymphoma of the ocular adnexa.

Turk J Pediatr. 2014 May-Jun;56(3):295-8

Authors: İncesoy-Özdemir S, Yüksek N, Bozkurt C, Şahin G, Memiş L, Dizman A, Ertem U

Abstract
Primary ocular adnexal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas (OAMLs) are mostly seen in the 5th-7th decades of life, with female predominance, and they occur rarely in children. Thus, knowledge about this cancer type is obtained from adult data in the literature, while the data regarding OAMLs in the pediatric population are limited to a few case reports. Herein, we report a 10-year-old boy with OAML who was treated successfully with radiotherapy, and we discuss this uncommon lymphoma in children.

PMID: 25341603 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Immunomodulatory properties of gamithromycin and ketoprofen in lipopolysaccharide-challenged calves with emphasis on the acute-phase response

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Cross-protection against European swine influenza viruses in the context of infection immunity against the 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus: studies in the pig model of influenza

Pigs are natural hosts for the same influenza virus subtypes as humans and are a valuable model for cross-protection studies with influenza. In this study, we have used the pig model to examine the extent of virological protection between a) the 2009 pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1) virus and three different European H1 swine influenza virus (SIV) lineages, and b) these H1 viruses and a European H3N2 SIV. Pigs were inoculated intranasally with representative strains of each virus lineage with 6- and 17-week intervals between H1 inoculations and between H1 and H3 inoculations, respectively. Virus titers in nasal swabs and/or tissues of the respiratory tract were determined after each inoculation. There was substantial though differing cross-protection between pH1N1 and other H1 viruses, which was directly correlated with the relatedness in the viral hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) proteins. Cross-protection against H3N2 was almost complete in pigs with immunity against H1N2, but was weak in H1N1/pH1N1-immune pigs. In conclusion, infection with a live, wild type influenza virus may offer substantial cross-lineage protection against viruses of the same HA and/or NA subtype. True heterosubtypic protection, in contrast, appears to be minimal in natural influenza virus hosts. We discuss our findings in the light of the zoonotic and pandemic risks of SIVs.

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Ligand- and Base-Free Access to Diverse Biaryls by the Reductive Coupling of Diaryliodonium Salts

Abstract

A ligand- and base-free, Pd-catalyzed protocol to access a wide range of symmetrical and unsymmetrical biaryls from stable diaryliodonium salts was developed. The reaction involved the use of an effective and recyclable Pd/polyethylene glycol-400 catalyst system to harness the aryl moieties of two diaryliodonium salts; the ensuing biaryls may be utilized to synthesize an array of useful compounds, including 5-aryluracils, carbazoles, chromenones, fluorenones, phenathridines, and boscalid analogues.

The ligand- and base-free, Pd-catalyzed synthesis of useful symmetrical and unsymmetrical biaryls in high yields from stable diaryliodonium salts is developed. The reaction is catalyzed by a recyclable Pd/polyethylene glycol-400 (PEG-400) system and proceeds under mild reaction conditions to produce biaryls that can be utilized to synthesize an array of natural and druglike compounds.

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Studies on the Enantioselective Kinugasa Reaction: Efficient Synthesis of β-Lactams Catalyzed by N-PINAP/CuX Complexes

Abstract

Catalytic enantioselective Kinugasa reactions between acyclic and, for the first time, cyclic nitrones and terminal alkynes are described herein. A catalytic amount of the readily available PINAP/CuX complexes, generated in situ, efficiently catalyzed the Kinugasa reactions, leading to a series of β-lactams with good enantioselectivities and moderate diastereoselectivities and yields. A broad range of nitrones and terminal alkynes, including the seldom reported alkyl-substituted alkynes, were tolerated under the reaction conditions. Further investigations proved that the PINAP/CuX catalytic system enabled the synthesis of monobactams on the gram scale (without loss of stereoselectivity and yield) and also both enantiomers by the appropriate choice of readily available atropisomeric N-PINAP ligands.

Asymmetric Kinugasa reactions between acyclic and, for the first time, cyclic nitrones and terminal alkynes afforded synthetically useful β-lactams in moderate-to-good yields (up to 70 %) and diastereo- and enantioselectivities. Exchanging CuI for CuOTf or Cu(OTf)₂ allowed β-lactams to be obtained with the opposite configuration at the C-4 stereogenic center by using the same chiral ligand.

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Three-Dimensional Accordion-Like Metal-Organic Framework: Synthesis and Unconventional Oriented Growth on Surface

Chem. Commun., 2016, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/C6CC00056H, Communication

Tomoyuki Haraguchi, Kazuya Otsubo, Osami Sakata, Shogo Kawaguchi, Akihiko Fujiwara, Hiroshi Kitagawa
We describe the synthesis and sorption properties of a new metal-organic framework (MOF), Fe(H₂O)₂(bpy)[Pt(CN)₄][black circle]H₂O (bpy = 4,4'-bipyridine), with a three-dimensional accordion-like structure. Whereas all crystalline oriented MOF thin films reported...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry

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Identification of Genes Encoding Squalestatin S1 Biosynthesis and in vitro Production of New Squalestatin Analogues

Chem. Commun., 2016, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/C6CC02130A, Communication

Beate Bonsch, Verena Belt, Christoph Bartel, Nina Duensing, Magda Koziol, Colin M Lazarus, Andrew M Bailey, Thomas J Simpson, Russell Cox
A gene cluster responsible for the biosynthesis of Squalestatin S1 (SQS1, 1) was identified by full genome sequencing of two SQS1-producing ascomycetes: Phoma sp. C2932 and unidentified fungus MF5453. A...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry

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In situ activation of a doxorubicin prodrug using imaging-capable nanoparticles

Chem. Commun., 2016, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/C6CC01024E, Communication

Irfan Khan, Paul F. Agris, Mehmet Veysel Yigit, Maksim Royzen
A general strategy for image-guided prodrug activation using fluorescently labeled magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles is described. It is based on a recently developed concept in bio-orthogonal inverse-electron demand Diels Alder...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry

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Insights Into Metal-Ligand Hydrogen Transfer: A Square-Planar Ruthenate Complex Supported by a Tetradentate Amino-amido-diolefin Ligand

Chem. Commun., 2016, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/C6CC00041J, Communication

R H Morris, Demyan E Prokopchuk, Rafael E. Rodriguez-Lugo, Hansjorg Friedrich Grutzmacher, Alan Lough
A four-coordinate, sixteen electron Ru(0) complex containing the tetradentate diamino-diolefin ligand (+/-)-trans-N,N-bis(5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5-yl)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane (trop2dach) has been synthesised. Deprotonation of one amino N-H functional group generates an unprecedented four-coordinate ruthenate species which...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry

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Assessment of sit-to-stand movement in nonspecific low back pain: a comparison study for psychometric properties of field-based and laboratory-based methods.

One of the most difficult tasks associated with the management of nonspecific low back pain (LBP) is its clinical assessment. Objective functional methods have been developed for assessment. However, few studies have used daily activities such as sit-to-stand (STS). The aim was to compare the psychometric properties of two commonly used STS assessment methods. A test-retest reliability study design was used. Participants with nonspecific LBP performed the 30-s chair stand test (30CST) and the STS test in Balance Master, which measures weight transfer, rising index and centre of gravity sway velocity. The same tests were reperformed after 48-72 h. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM), minimal detectable change and coefficient of variation were calculated to compare the reliability. The correlations between the tests, the Oswestry Disability Index and pain intensity were examined for validation. The 30CST had very high intrarater reliability (ICC=0.94). The variables of STS test in Balance Master had moderate intrarater reliability (ICC=0.62-0.69). There were significant correlations between the 30CST, Oswestry Disability Index and pain intensity at activity (P

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Plasma cells with segmented nuclei in benign lymph node follicular hyperplasia

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The Impact of Gastroparesis on Diabetes Control: Patient Perceptions

Journal of Diabetes and its Complications

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25-OH vitamin D level has no impact on the efficacy of antiviral therapy in naïve genotype 1 HCV-infected patients

United European Gastroenterology Journal

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Hepatitis A virus outbreak in a compound in Tshwane district, Gauteng, South Africa: October 2014-March 2015

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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A chinese herbal decoction, huoxue qingyi decoction, promotes rehabilitation of patients with severe acute pancreatitis: a retrospective study

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Genetic variability and molecular evolution of hepatitis B virus in HIV co-infected patients on lamivudine based anti-retroviral therapy: A 5 year longitudinal study

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Phase Ib/II study of elisidepsin in metastatic or advanced gastroesophageal cancer (IMAGE trial)

Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology

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Exhaled gases online measurements for esophageal cancer patients and healthy people by proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry

Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology

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Interferon-free treatment with sofosbuvir/daclatasvir achieves sustained virologic response in 100% of HIV/hepatitis C virus-coinfected patients with advanced liver disease

AIDS

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Factors associated with recurrence of advanced colorectal adenoma after endoscopic resection

Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology

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Comparison of the effectiveness of polyethylene glycol with and without electrolytes in constipation: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

BMC Gastroenterology

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