Posterior cordotomy in bilateral vocal cord paralysis using monopolar microelectrodes and radiofrequency in 18 patients

Abstract

Posterior cordotomy is an option in the surgical treatment of bilateral vocal cord paralysis in adduction.

We present results obtained in 18 patients with bilateral vocal cord paralysis in adduction treated using microelectrodes terminal with tips in several angles, and a radiofrequency generator from 2008 to 2013.

The functional outcome was evaluated using postoperative spirometry, the decannulation time, and swallowing.

All patients except one were successfully decannulated and showed an increase in mid-inspiratory flow rates.

The angled shape of the ME tips permits a very good resection for cordotomy; ME and radiofrequency are an excellent alternative to CO2 laser.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Extranasopharyngeal Angiofibroma Revisited

Abstract

Background

Angiofibromas in the head and neck region usually arise in the nasopharynx, but may also occur elsewhere. This study aims at evaluating the incidence and clinical features of extranasopharyngeal angiofibroma (ENA).

Material and Methods

Systematic review of the literature (Medline^® and Google^™) up to December 31^st, 2015.

Results

174 cases of ENA were retrieved from a total of 170 publications. In contrast to former publications and previous understanding, the nasal septum was by far the most common site of the disease. Four patients had a congenital lesion, the oldest patient was 87 years old (mean: 28.7 years; median: 23 years). Male gender was predominantly affected, but the sex ratio was more balanced (2.13:1) than in previous reports in the literature until 12/2015. The majority of patients presented with nasal obstruction, either in combination with epistaxis (25.8%) or other symptoms (12.6%). Symptoms had developed within 13.1 months on average (median: 4 months). Brisk bleeding resulted in 11 of 43 biopsy procedures. Surgical resection as first-line therapy was performed in 170 patients. A tumor regrowth within 12 months was registered in four patients.

Conclusion

The increasing awareness of ENA and the willingness to publish case reports -not only in Medline listed journals- resulted in a significant increase of published case reports lately. Although extremely rare, ENAs have to be taken into account in the differential diagnosis of unclear masses, particularly in adult patients presenting with a rapidly developing nasal obstruction resulting from a nasal septum tumor. Female gender or normal vascularity does not exclude the diagnosis. Transnasal resection is sufficient in most cases and recurrences are rare. Pathologists as well as clinicians should consider ENA in their differential diagnosis of any mass of the upper airway.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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The relevance of the lymph node ratio as predictor of prognosis is higher in HPV-negative than in HPV-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract

Objectives

Lymph node ratio (LNR) is an established predictor in different entities of carcinoma, including head and neck malignancies. In oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), lymph node involvement differs between Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)-positive and negative tumours. Herein, we evaluate the impact of HPV association on the concept of LNR.

Methods

88 surgically treated patients were included in this retrospective chart review. HPV-positive and negative OPSCC were evaluated for prediction of outcome by LNR separately. The endpoints were five-year overall survival (OS) and recurrence free survival (RFS).

Results

The OS of all patients was 60.1%. In univariate analysis LNR was a significant predictor of overall survival rate (p=0.008) in OPSCC independently of the HPV status, as well as extracapsular spread. T-classification was only a significant predictor in the univariate analysis in HPV-positive OPSCC carcinoma. However, in the multivariate analysis LNR remained predictor of prognosis in all OPSCC and in HPV-negative OPSCC. In patients with HPV-positive OPSCC only T-classification reached significance to predict OS.

Conclusion

Prognosis of primarily operated HPV-positive patients might be more dependent on the extent of primary tumour site, whereas prognosis of HPV-negative patients is based more on cervical metastatic spread, represented by LNR.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Involvement of adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette subfamily B member 1 in the augmentation of triacylglycerol excretion by Propionibacterium acnes in differentiated hamster sebocytes

Abstract

An onset of acne, a common inflammatory skin disease, is associated with excess sebum production and secretion in sebaceous glands. Because Propionibacterium acnes has been reported to augment intracellular sebum accumulation in sebaceous glands in hamsters, it remains unclear whether P. acnes influences sebum secretion from differentiated sebocytes. Both P. acnes culture media (Acnes73-CM) and formalin-killed P. acnes (F-Acnes73) dose-dependently increased the extracellular levels of triacylglycerol (TG), a major sebum component, and Rhodamine 123, a substrate of adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette (ABC) transporter, from differentiated hamster sebocytes (DHS). In addition, the gene expression of the ABC subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1) was dose-dependently augmented by adding Acnes73-CM and F-Acnes73 into DHS. Furthermore, the F-Acnes73-induced increase of TG excretion was suppressed by PSC833, a selective ABCB1 inhibitor. On the other hand, peptidoglycan (PGN), which is a Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) ligand in P. acnes, increased extracellular TG levels, transporter activity and ABCB1 mRNA expression in DHS. The PGN-augmented TG excretion was suppressed by PSC833. Thus, these results provide novel evidence that P. acnes facilitates sebum secretion due to the activation of ABCB1 concomitantly with the increased ABCB1 expression, which may result from the activation of the TLR2 pathway in DHS. Therefore, the ABCB1 inhibitor is likely to become a candidate as a possible therapeutic for the treatment of acne.

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Tofacitinib for the treatment of moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis in Japanese patients: Subgroup analyses from a randomized, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial

Abstract

Tofacitinib is an oral Janus kinase inhibitor. These post-hoc analyses assessed tofacitinib efficacy and safety in Japanese patients with psoriasis enrolled in a 52-week global phase 3 study. Patients received tofacitinib 5 mg, tofacitinib 10 mg or placebo twice daily (b.i.d.); placebo-treated patients advanced to tofacitinib at week 16. Primary efficacy end-points were the proportions of patients with 75% or more reduction from baseline Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI-75) and Physician's Global Assessment (PGA) of "clear" or "almost clear" (PGA response) at week 16. Other end-points included: Itch Severity Item (ISI), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) score and Nail Psoriasis Severity Index (NAPSI). Adverse events (AEs) were recorded throughout the study. Overall, 58 Japanese patients were included in this analysis (tofacitinib 5 mg b.i.d., n = 22; 10 mg b.i.d., n = 24; placebo, n = 12); 29 completed the study. At week 16, significantly more patients receiving tofacitinib 5 and 10 mg b.i.d. versus placebo achieved PASI-75 (50% and 75% vs 0%, P < 0.01) and PGA response (59% and 75% vs 0%, P < 0.001). Substantial improvements in ISI, DLQI and NAPSI score were observed with both tofacitinib doses. Over 52 weeks, similar rates of AEs were reported across treatment groups; one serious AE occurred with tofacitinib 10 mg b.i.d. Herpes zoster occurred in three patients receiving tofacitinib 10 mg b.i.d. No deaths, serious infections, malignancies or gastrointestinal perforations were reported. Results were generally consistent with global analysis, suggesting sustained efficacy and a manageable safety profile, with increased herpes zoster incidence, of tofacitinib in Japanese patients with psoriasis.

http://ift.tt/2ti9qyh

Novel COL5A1 mutation in a Chinese family with classic type of Ehlers–Danlos syndrome

http://ift.tt/2u0Ct6Q

Secondary syphilis primarily presenting with multiple nodules on the scalp: Case report and published work review

Abstract

Syphilis, a sexually transmitted disease caused by Treponema pallidum, manifests with a broad spectrum of clinical presentations that usually involves skin. Nodular secondary syphilis occurs rarely, and mostly manifests as disseminated papulonodules or plaques over the trunk and limbs. We report an extremely rare case of nodular secondary syphilis that primarily presented with multiple nodules on the scalp, resembling Rosai–Dorfman disease or cutaneous malignant metastasis. Immunohistochemistry confirmed T. pallidum spirochetes microscopically.

http://ift.tt/2thZZim

Increased endocan expression in lesional skin and decreased endocan expression in sera in atopic dermatitis

Abstract

Endocan is a novel human endothelial cell-specific molecule and is mainly expressed in endothelial cells in various tissues. Endocan has the capacity to inhibit leukocytes binding to the vascular endothelium. It also can promote the angiogenesis alongside vascular endothelial growth factor A. Through these functions, endocan has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory diseases. To investigate the possible roles of endocan in atopic dermatitis (AD), we examined endocan expression in lesional skin and sera in patients with AD. Endocan mRNA and protein levels were increased in lesional skin of AD compared with healthy skin and endocan was expressed on epidermal keratinocytes and dermal endothelial cells. On the other hand, serum endocan levels in patients with AD were significantly lower than those in healthy controls. Our results suggest that elevated endocan expression in lesional skin may be associated with development of AD through angiogenesis and that decreased endocan expression in sera may be associated with increased leukocyte recruitment in AD.

http://ift.tt/2u0avbh

Case of inflammatory tinea corporis affecting the dorsal surface of the thumb in a nail salon technician

http://ift.tt/2thE4rD

European guideline for the management of pediculosis pubis

Abstract

Pediculosis pubis is caused by Phthirus pubis. The disease can be sexually transmitted. Patients main complain is of itch in the pubic area. The parasite can be spotted with the naked eye and blue macules can be observed in the pubic area. First line therapy consists of permethrin or pyrethrins with piperonyl butoxide. Second line therapy contains phenothrin, malathion and oral ivermectin. Partner management needs a look-back period of time of 3 months. Pubic lice incidence is increased in populations groups living in crowded spaces with scarce sanitary conditions as in time of war or disaster.

http://ift.tt/2thZHrS

Neural control of sweat secretion: a review

Abstract

Humans have 4 million exocrine sweat glands, which can be classified into two types: eccrine and apocrine glands. Sweat secretion is a constitutive feature, which is directly involved in thermoregulation and metabolism. Sweat secretion is regulated by both the central nervous system¹ and autonomic nervous system.² In peripheral areas, the ANS, especially the sympathetic nervous system (SNS), mediates the transmission of neurotransmitters to sweat glands. Two principal chemical mediators, acetylcholine and noradrenaline (NA)/adrenaline (ADR), are released by the SNS, which stimulate sweat secretion. In the CNS, the thermoregulatory center in the hypothalamus responds to the elevated body temperature by increasing sweating, whereas emotional stresses stimulate the limbic system to induce sweating. The ANS mediates sweating that is due to stimulation of the thermoregulatory center and limbic system. In this review, we focus on the neural control of sweat secretion and the mechanisms by which chemical mediators induce sweating. In addition, we will discuss the sweating disorders associated with neural anomaly as well as the treatments.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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The BRAF and NRAS mutation prevalence in dermoscopic subtypes of acquired naevi reveals constitutive MAPK pathway activation

Summary

Background

Acquired naevi can have unique dermoscopic patterns that correspond to distinct microanatomical growth patterns. Previous studies on acquired naevi stratified according to dermoscopic pattern, focused on the frequency of somatic BRAF mutations, whereas NRAS mutations remained to be elucidated.

Objectives

To investigate the BRAF and NRAS mutation prevalence and activation of the MAPK pathway in distinct dermoscopic subtypes of acquired naevi.

Methods

Common mutations present in BRAF and NRAS were assessed in 40 globular, reticular, and peripheral rim of globules (PG) subtypes of acquired naevi from 27 participants (19 male, 8 female; mean age 46.7 years) selected from 1261 eligible volunteers. Mutations were determined using the highly sensitive and quantitative QX200 droplet digital^™ PCR (ddPCR) system.

Results

The BRAFV600E (c.1799T>A or c.1799_1800delTGinsA) and BRAFV600K mutations were detected in 85% (n=34/40) of naevi. All BRAF wild-type naevi (15%; n=6/40) harboured an NRAS codon 12/13 or 61 mutation. BRAF mutations were present in 92% (n=12/13) of globular and 100% (n=12/12) of PG naevi, whereas reticular naevi were 67% (n=10/15) BRAF and 33% (n=5/15) NRAS mutant (p=0.037).

Conclusions

We discovered that 100% of the assessed acquired naevi had either a BRAF or NRAS mutation. Using sensitive techniques capable of single-cell mutation detection, it is likely that all acquired naevi will be mutated for BRAF or NRAS. Since both of these mutations are prevalent in distinct dermoscopic naevus subsets, our study supports the role of the MAPK pathway in the development of benign melanocytic proliferations, indicating that additional genomic events besides somatic mutations in BRAF or NRAS are required for melanoma development.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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An uncommon cause of warm foot

Description

A 66-year-old man presented with swelling and redness of right foot of 1 month duration. He was a known diabetic for 20 years; glycaemic control was suboptimal. There was no history of trauma, fever, ulcer or deformity. He had numbness of both feet and was earlier documented to have mild non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy. On examination, he was not feverish with erythema, swelling (figure 1), local rise of temperature of the right foot and a difference of 2°C between both feet and no tenderness on palpation. There was loss of protective sensations with absent ankle jerks with bounding pulses in both feet. Systemic examination was unremarkable. His blood investigations revealed haemoglobin of 12 g/dL (N 12–15), total white cell count of 9.8x10⁹ /L/cmm (N 4000–11000), erythrocyte sedimentation rate of 48 mm/hour and haemoglobin A1c of 8.1% (n<5.7). Based on history and clinical findings and absent elevation of acute inflammatory markers, a diagnosis of acute...

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IgG4-related disease: long-term natural history and management of a relapsing multisystem disease entity

Although awareness of IgG4-related disease has grown over the past decade, with earlier diagnosis and treatment, understanding of its natural history over the long term and the optimal management remains unclear. We report the case of a 48-year-old man who presented with a pancreatic pseudotumour causing bile duct obstruction with coexisting autoimmune hepatitis and multisystem involvement. His symptoms settled on steroids and maintenance with azathioprine was commenced, however periodic relapses occurred involving multiple organs. A timeline-relating IgG4 levels, clinical features and immunosuppressive therapy are presented. The protean and relapsing–remitting nature of this condition is emphasised, and a brief review of long-term therapeutic options is provided.

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Solitary fibrous tumour: a rare tumour of the pleural cavity

Solitary fibrous tumours are a rare group of tumours that originate from connective tissues such as the pleura and mediastinum. When growing within the thoracic cavity these tumours exert pressure on vital organs and large vessels. We have successfully operated on two patients with large solitary fibrous tumours and managed the pathophysiological changes manifested as superior vena cava syndrome resulting from these tumours.

http://ift.tt/2utZCk7

Necrotising enterocolitis after supraventricular tachycardia: an unusual precursor to a common problem

Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is the most common neonatal arrhythmia. Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is a disease with multifactorial aetiology, most common in preterm infants. There are three previous case reports in the literature of NEC following neonatal SVT. We present two cases of late preterm infants with NEC, characterised by pneumatosis on abdominal X-ray and ultrasound, following recurrent SVT without haemodynamic instability. The infants were successfully treated with antibiotic therapy and bowel rest.

http://ift.tt/2vsqkqz

The Duari hernia and recognition of the femoral vein compression sign

Femoral hernias can be difficult to diagnose and are at high risk of strangulation. This report is of a rare case of an irreducible femoral hernia containing caecum and appendix presenting as an emergency. To the authors' knowledge, there have only been three cases reported, the first described by Duari. This case was incorrectly diagnosed preoperatively as an inguinal hernia, so the CT diagnosis of femoral hernias is reviewed, in particular demonstrating the radiological use of the femoral vein compression sign.

http://ift.tt/2utSRip

Syndromic congenital diarrhoea: new SPINT2 mutation identified in the UAE

We are reporting a new mutation in the SPINT2 gene (c.443G>A (p. Arg148His)) that explains the association of choanal atresia with congenital sodium diarrhoea (CSD) in an Emirati family in the Middle East. To our knowledge, this mutation is neither listed in a mutation database nor described in the literature. Similar to other patients with CSD associated with SPINT2, this child remains dependent on parenteral nutrition for fluids and nutritional support resulting in failure to thrive. The determination of the molecular basis of syndromic CSD will facilitate prenatal and postnatal diagnosis of patients and will contribute to counselling of affected families, especially in areas like the UAE where consanguineous marriages are not uncommon.

http://ift.tt/2vsRHRm

Preparing pathology for the molecular era

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Diagnosing allergic sensitizations in the third millennium: why clinicians should know allergen molecule structures

Diagnostic tests to detect allergic sensitization were introduced at the end of the nineteenth century but only in the late 1990s did the advent of molecular allergology revolutionize the approach to the aller...

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Planktonic Growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa around a Dual-Species Biofilm Supports the Growth of Fusobacterium nucleatum within That Biofilm

Purpose. The goal of this study was to understand the potential interaction between Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Fusobacterium nucleatum within the middle ear. Methods. We examined the microbiota of ear fluid and tympanostomy tubes (TTs) obtained from patients with posttympanostomy tube otorrhea. We also examined biofilms formed by P. aeruginosa and F. nucleatum, singly or together, under aerobic or anaerobic conditions. Results. While the facultative anaerobe P. aeruginosa dominated the bacterial population within the ear fluid, strict anaerobes, including F. nucleatum, dominated bacterial populations within the TTs. F. nucleatum was able to grow under aerobic conditions only in the presence of P. aeruginosa, whose growth reduced the level of dissolved oxygen within the broth to nearly anoxic condition within 4 h after inoculation. The presence of P. aeruginosa allowed F. nucleatum to maintain its growth for 72 h within the dual-species biofilm but not within the planktonic growth. Visualization of the biofilms revealed coaggregation of P. aeruginosa and F. nucleatum. Conclusion. Extrapolation of these results suggests that, within the middle ear fluid, the growth of P. aeruginosa produces the anaerobic conditions required for the growth of F. nucleatum, both within effusion and within biofilms.

http://ift.tt/2utu65O

Preoperative clinic: Non-essential cost or catalyst for process efficiency, safety and care outcomes?

As the inevitable consequences of healthcare reform legislations are hitting the bottom line of hospitals, perioperative communities are undergoing continued intense scrutiny for opportunities to improve efficiency, safety and patient centered care. In the current issue of JCA Epstein and colleagues [1] studied the effect of bypassing an anesthesiologist-directed preoperative evaluation clinic on first-case tardiness and turnover times. In their institution, efforts to reduce cost increasingly directed patients away from their anesthesiologist-directed preoperative clinic.

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Evolutionary basis of a new approach for the treatment of malignant brain tumors: From mice to humans

Publication date: Available online 15 July 2017
Source:Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Pedro R. Lowenstein, Maria G. Castro
Glioma cells are one of the most aggressive and malignant tumors. Following initial surgery, and radio-chemotherapy they progress rapidly, so that patients' median survival remains under two years. They invade throughout the brain, which makes them difficult to treat, and are universally lethal. Though total resection is always attempted it is not curative. Standard of care in 2016 comprises surgical resection, radiotherapy and chemotherapy (temozolomide). Median survival is currently ~14–20months post-diagnosis though it can be higher in high complexity medical university centers, or during clinical trials. Why the immune system fails to recognize the growing brain tumor is not completely understood. We believe that one reason for this failure is that the brain lacks cells that perform the role that dendritic cells serve in other organs. The lack of functional dendritic cells from the brain causes the brain to be deficient in priming systemic immune responses to glioma antigens. To overcome this drawback we reconstituted the brain immune system for it to initiate and prime anti-glioma immune responses from within the brain. To achieve brain immune reconstitution adenoviral vectors are injected into the resection cavity or remaining tumor. One adenoviral vector expresses the HSV-1 derived thymidine kinase which converts ganciclovir into phospho-ganciclovir which becomes cytotoxic to dividing cells. The second adenovirus expresses the cytokine fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L). Flt3L differentiates precursors into dendritic cells and acts as a chemokine for dendritic cells. This results in HSV-1/ganciclovir killing of tumor cells, and the release of tumor antigens, which are then taken up by dendritic cells recruited to the brain tumor microenvironment by Flt3L. Concomitant release of HMGB1, a TLR2 agonist that activates dendritic cells, stimulates dendritic cells loaded with glioma antigens to migrate to the cervical lymph nodes to prime a systemic CD8+ T cytotoxic killing of brain tumor cells. This induced immune response causes glioma-specific cytotoxicity, induces immunological memory, and does not cause brain toxicity or autoimmunity. A Phase I Clinical Trial, to test our hypothesis in human patients, was opened in December 2013 (see: NCT01811992, Combined Cytotoxic and Immune-Stimulatory Therapy for Glioma, at ClinicalTrials.gov). This trial is a first in person trial to test whether the re-engineering of the brain immune system can serve to treat malignant brain tumors. The long and winding road from the laboratory to the clinical trial follows below.



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Off-stage ecosystem service burdens: A blind spot for global sustainability

Pascual, U; Palomo, I; Adams, WM; Chan, KMA; Daw, TM; Garmendia, E; Gomez-Baggethun, E; Pascual, U; Palomo, I; Adams, WM; Chan, KMA; Daw, TM; Garmendia, E; Gomez-Baggethun, E; de Groot, RS; Mace, GM; Martin-Lopez, B; Phelps, J; - view fewer (2017) Off-stage ecosystem service burdens: A blind spot for global sustainability. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS , 12 (7) 10.1088/1748-9326/aa7392 .

http://ift.tt/2vqYPxC

Hellenism and Empire: Reading Edward Said

Vasunia, P; (2003) Hellenism and Empire: Reading Edward Said. Parallax , 9 (4) pp. 88-97. 10.1080/1353464032000142390 .

http://ift.tt/2us8uHh

The Role of the Qaṭal in Maskilic Hebrew Prose Fiction 1857-1881

Kahn, L; (2009) The Role of the Qaṭal in Maskilic Hebrew Prose Fiction 1857-1881. Hebrew Studies , 50 (1) pp. 159-174. 10.1353/hbr.2009.0027 .

http://ift.tt/2vqJn4D

Rabbinic Elements in the Verbal System of Maskilic Hebrew Fiction 1857-1881

Kahn, L; (2008) Rabbinic Elements in the Verbal System of Maskilic Hebrew Fiction 1857-1881. Hebrew Studies , 49 (1) pp. 125-142. 10.1353/hbr.2008.0011 .

http://ift.tt/2usmwbD

‘The colour of the country’: English travellers in Spain, 1604–1625

Samson, A; (2009) 'The colour of the country': English travellers in Spain, 1604–1625. Studies in Travel Writing , 13 (2) pp. 111-124. 10.1080/13645140902857190 .

http://ift.tt/2vqAesL

CO2 ice structure and density under Martian atmospheric conditions

Mangan, TP; Salzmann, CG; Plane, JMC; Murray, BJ; (2017) CO2 ice structure and density under Martian atmospheric conditions. ICARUS , 294 pp. 201-208. 10.1016/j.icarus.2017.03.012 . (In press).

http://ift.tt/2urX1aw

Dissent and Moral Primitivism in 'King Lear'

Weis, RJA; (1986) Dissent and Moral Primitivism in 'King Lear'. English , 35 (153) pp. 197-218. 10.1093/english/35.153.197 .

http://ift.tt/2vqMDwU

The Sixteenth Century:Excluding Drama after 1550

PRITCHARD, RE; WEIS, ARJA; (1988) The Sixteenth Century:Excluding Drama after 1550. The Year's Work in English Studies , 66 (1) pp. 186-201. 10.1093/ywes/66.1.186 .

http://ift.tt/2ustuNI

'Antony and Cleopatra': The Challenge of Fiction

Weis, RJA; (1983) 'Antony and Cleopatra': The Challenge of Fiction. English , 32 (142) pp. 1-14. 10.1093/english/32.142.1 .

http://ift.tt/2us8qY3

The Sixteenth Century: Excluding Drama After 1550

Pritchard, RE; Weis, RJA; (1989) The Sixteenth Century: Excluding Drama After 1550. The Year's Work in English Studies , 67 (1) pp. 194-212. 10.1093/ywes/67.1.194 .

http://ift.tt/2vqLLbN

Renaissance Drama: Excluding Shakespeare

WEIS, RJA; (1986) Renaissance Drama: Excluding Shakespeare. The Year's Work in English Studies , 64 (1) pp. 228-235. 10.1093/ywes/64.1.228 .

http://ift.tt/2usabEv

Transplantation of enteric nervous system stem cells rescues nitric oxide synthase deficient mouse colon

McCann, CJ; Cooper, JE; Natarajan, D; Jevans, B; Burnett, LE; Burns, AJ; Thapar, N; (2017) Transplantation of enteric nervous system stem cells rescues nitric oxide synthase deficient mouse colon. NATURE COMMUNICATIONS , 8 (ARTN 159) 10.1038/ncomms15937 .

http://ift.tt/2vraFIc

Unravelling the Mummifying Myths of Colonialism1

Haddour, A; (1998) Unravelling the Mummifying Myths of Colonialism1. Parallax , 4 (2) pp. 93-98. 10.1080/135346498250307 .

http://ift.tt/2usewYf

Sartre and Fanon: On Negritude and Political Participation

Haddour, A; (2005) Sartre and Fanon: On Negritude and Political Participation. Sartre Studies International , 11 (1-2) 10.3167/135715505780282515 .

http://ift.tt/2vqMBFi

CT 58, no. 70. A Middle Babylonian eršahunga

Geller, MJ; (1992) CT 58, no. 70. A Middle Babylonian eršahunga. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies , 55 (03) p. 528. 10.1017/S0041977X00003694 .

http://ift.tt/2usetvx

A Kultmittelbeschwörung in Trinity College Dublin

Geller, MJ; (2001) A Kultmittelbeschwörung in Trinity College Dublin. Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und Vorderasiatische Archäologie , 91 (2) 10.1515/zava.2001.91.2.225 .

http://ift.tt/2vqRHS9

More Graeco-Babyloniaca

Geller, MJ; (1983) More Graeco-Babyloniaca. Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und Vorderasiatische Archäologie , 73 (1) 10.1515/zava.1983.73.1.114 .

http://ift.tt/2useEHm

Notes on Lugale

Geller, MJ; (1985) Notes on Lugale. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies , 48 (02) p. 215. 10.1017/S0041977X00033310 .

http://ift.tt/2vqKiCe

60s Feminism

Bowlby, R; 60s Feminism. Social Text (9/10) p. 326. 10.2307/466581 . (In press).

http://ift.tt/2urMoEz

The Feminine Female

Bowlby, R; The Feminine Female. Social Text (7) p. 54. 10.2307/466454 . (In press).

http://ift.tt/2ux1Ccj

Therapeutic effect of capsaicin nasal treatment in patients with mixed rhinitis unresponsive to intranasal steroids

Abstract

Literature is convincing regarding the efficacy of capsaicin nasal treatment in idiopathic rhinitis (IR). However, up to 50% of IR patients do not meet the strict inclusion criteria of the trials conducted so far. As a consequence, the efficacy of capsaicin is unknown in a significant number of IR patients that do not meet the strict inclusion/exclusion criteria (1)(2). 'Mixed rhinitis' (MR) patients have more than one major etiologic factor involved in the mucosal pathology. We have no idea about the efficacy of capsaicin nasal spray in these patients nor about the time interval to seek a second application. We report here that capsaicin nasal spray is effective in a broader group of IR than the purely selected ones described before, that subjective nasal hyperreactivity is a good predictor of positive outcome and that the time interval for seeking a second treatment is likely to be shorter in MR patients than in the strictly selected IR patients.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Evidence of an abnormal epithelial barrier in active, untreated and corticosteroid-treated eosinophilic esophagitis

Abstract

Background

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic, immune/antigen-mediated disease characterized by symptoms related to esophageal dysfunction and an eosinophil-predominant inflammation. This study has aimed to investigate whether the recently observed sensitization to Candida albicans in EoE patients is owing to pre-existing disease and its underlying abnormal epithelial barrier or, alternatively, is linked to corticosteroid (CS) therapy.

Methods

Medical histories, as well as serum and tissue samples of 60 EoE patients (15 CS-naive, 45 with current or previous CS therapy) and 20 controls, stored in the Swiss Eosinophilic Esophagitis Database (SEED) and Biobank, were analyzed. We applied ImmunoCAP to measure IgE levels and immunofluorescence techniques to examine epithelial barrier components.

Results

EoE patients had higher total IgE levels and were more frequently sensitized to Candida albicans than controls. In EoE tissue specimens, increased numbers of eosinophils and mast cells, a higher expression levels of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), cathelicidin, proteases, i.e. the kallikreins (KLK)-5 and KLK-7, were observed as compared with controls, while reduced expression of lympho-epithelial Kazal-type-related inhibitor (LEKTI), filaggrin, E-cadherin, claudin, occludin, demoglein-1 was found, independent of CS therapy. In CS-treated EoE, significantly lower numbers of CD1a+ cells and cathelicidin expression were noted as compared to CS-naive EoE.

Conclusion

This study provides further evidence that EoE is associated with an abnormal epithelial barrier and postulates that CS therapy, by reducing innate immune mechanisms, may promote Candida albicans colonization and likely subsequent sensitization.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Cover Image

The cover image, by Tetsuro Sekine et al., is based on the Original Article Local resectability assessment of head and neck cancer: Positron emission tomography/MRI versus positron emission tomography/CT, DOI: 10.1002/hed.24783.

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Issue Information - Contents

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Retracted: Generating Personalized Web Search Using Semantic Context

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Retracted: The Design and Implementation of Postprocessing for Depth Map on Real-Time Extraction System

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Outcomes of oral cavity cancer patients treated with surgery followed by postoperative intensity modulated radiation therapy

Publication date: September 2017
Source:Oral Oncology, Volume 72
Author(s): Sean R. Quinlan-Davidson, Abdallah S.R. Mohamed, Jeffrey N. Myers, Gary B. Gunn, Faye M. Johnson, Heath Skinner, Beth M. Beadle, Ann M. Gillenwater, Jack Phan, Steven J. Frank, William N. William, Andrew J. Wong, Stephen Y. Lai, Clifton D. Fuller, William H. Morrison, David I. Rosenthal, Adam S. Garden
ObjectivesAlthough treatment paradigms have not changed significantly, radiotherapy, surgery, and imaging techniques have improved, leading us to investigate oncologic and survival outcomes for oral cavity squamous cell cancer (OCSCC) patients treated with surgery followed by postoperative IMRT.Material and methodsRecords of patients with pathological diagnosis of OCSCC treated between 2000 and 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients' demographic, disease, and treatment criteria were extracted. Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate survival curves.ResultsTwo hundred eighty-nine patients were analyzed. Median follow-up was 35months. Two hundred sixty-eight had neck dissections (93%), of which 66% had nodal involvement, and 51% of those positive dissections had extracapsular extension. Forty patients received induction chemotherapy and 107 received concurrent chemotherapy. Median dose to high risk clinical target volume was 60Gy/30 fractions. The 5-year locoregional control and overall survival rates were 76% and 57%, respectively. Tumors with >1.5cm depth of invasion had significantly higher risk of local failure compared with ≤1.5cm (p<0.001). In multivariate analysis, positive and no neck dissection (p=0.01), positive lymphovascular invasion (p=0.006) and >1.5cm depth of invasion (p=0.003) were independent predictors of poorer survival.ConclusionsDisease outcomes were consistent with historical data and did not appear compromised by the use of IMRT.



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Incidence of, and risk factors for, mandibular osteoradionecrosis in patients with oral cavity and oropharynx cancers

Publication date: September 2017
Source:Oral Oncology, Volume 72
Author(s): Dominic H. Moon, Sung Ho Moon, Kyle Wang, Mark C. Weissler, Trevor G. Hackman, Adam M. Zanation, Brian D. Thorp, Samip N. Patel, Jose P. Zevallos, Lawrence B. Marks, Bhishamjit S. Chera
ObjectivesTo evaluate the incidence of, and risk factors associated with, mandibular osteoradionecrosis (MORN) following radiation therapy (RT) for oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers.Materials and MethodsPatient and treatment records of 252 consecutive patients with oral cavity or oropharynx cancers treated with RT by a single radiation oncologist at a high volume academic institution from August 2009 to December 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. A Cox regression model was used to assess factors associated with the development of MORN. RT dosimetry was compared between patients with MORN and a matched cohort of patients without MORN.ResultsMORN developed in 14 patients (5.5%), occurring 3–40 (median 8) months post-RT. Factors associated with MORN on univariable analysis included primary diagnosis of oral cavity vs oropharynx cancer (hazard ratio [HR]: 3.0, p=0.04), smoking at the time of RT (HR: 3.1, p=0.04), mandibular invasion of the primary (HR: 3.7, p=0.04), pre-RT tooth extraction (HR: 4.52, p=0.01), and treatment with 3D-conformal RT vs intensity-modulated RT (HR: 5.1, p=0.003). On multivariable analysis, pre-RT tooth extractions and RT technique remained significant. A dosimetric comparison between patients with and without MORN showed no significant differences.Conclusions and RelevanceThe incidence of MORN is low in the modern era at a high volume academic center. Modifiable risk factors including pre-RT tooth extractions, smoking, and RT technique are associated with MORN, and the risk should be minimized with appropriate dental evaluation and treatment, smoking cessation efforts, and the use of intensity-modulated RT.



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Transoral robotic total laryngopharyngectomy and free jejunal flap reconstruction for hypopharyngeal cancer

Publication date: Available online 15 July 2017
Source:Oral Oncology
Author(s): Jimmy Yu Wai Chan, Richie Chiu Lung Chan, Velda Ling Yu Chow, Raymond King Ying Tsang, Stanley Thian Sze Wong, William Ignace Wei
BackgroundTo report on the feasibility of total laryngopharyngectomy and free jejunal flap transfer for patient with hypopharyngeal cancer via the transoral robotic surgery (TORS) approach.Material and methodsA patient with hypopharyngeal cancer involving the post-cricoid region is used for demonstration of the TORS total laryngopharyngectomy and free jejunal flap reconstruction.ResultsThe procedure starts with a cruciate incision for terminal tracheostomy. The trachea and cervical esophagus is exposed and transected, making sure that the resection margins are adequate. This is followed by the transoral dissection using the robotic surgical system. The laryngopharyngectomy specimen is delivered and the free jejunal flap is replaced transorally. Jejuno-oesophageal suturing and the microvascular anastomosis are performed through the tracheostomy wound. The remaining pharyngo-jejunal anastomosis is performed transorally via the TORS approach.ConclusionTORS total laryngopharyngectomy and free jejunal flap reconstruction is feasible and provides and alternative option to the traditional transcervical approach.



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DNA isolation protocol effects on nuclear DNA analysis by microarrays, droplet digital PCR, and whole genome sequencing, and on mitochondrial DNA copy number estimation.

Nacheva, E; Mokretar, K; Soenmez, A; Pittman, AM; Grace, C; Valli, R; Ejaz, A; Nacheva, E; Mokretar, K; Soenmez, A; Pittman, AM; Grace, C; Valli, R; Ejaz, A; Vattathil, S; Maserati, E; Houlden, H; Taanman, J-W; Schapira, AH; Proukakis, C; - view fewer (2017) DNA isolation protocol effects on nuclear DNA analysis by microarrays, droplet digital PCR, and whole genome sequencing, and on mitochondrial DNA copy number estimation. PLoS One , 12 (7) , Article e0180467. 10.1371/journal.pone.0180467 .

http://ift.tt/2unVnap

Effects of clinical and environmental factors on bronchoalveolar antibody responses to Pneumocystis jirovecii: A prospective cohort study of HIV+ patients.

Blount, RJ; Daly, KR; Fong, S; Chang, E; Grieco, K; Greene, M; Stone, S; Blount, RJ; Daly, KR; Fong, S; Chang, E; Grieco, K; Greene, M; Stone, S; Balmes, J; Miller, RF; Walzer, PD; Huang, L; - view fewer (2017) Effects of clinical and environmental factors on bronchoalveolar antibody responses to Pneumocystis jirovecii: A prospective cohort study of HIV+ patients. PLoS One , 12 (7) , Article e0180212. 10.1371/journal.pone.0180212 .

http://ift.tt/2t3Z15n

Geographical knowledge and teaching geography

Brooks, C; (2006) Geographical knowledge and teaching geography. International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education , 15 (4) pp. 353-369. 10.2167/irg200.0 .

http://ift.tt/2unF0e1

Congenital muscular dystrophies in the UK population: Clinical and molecular spectrum of a large cohort diagnosed over a 12-year period.

Sframeli, M; Sarkozy, A; Bertoli, M; Astrea, G; Hudson, J; Scoto, M; Mein, R; Sframeli, M; Sarkozy, A; Bertoli, M; Astrea, G; Hudson, J; Scoto, M; Mein, R; Yau, M; Phadke, R; Feng, L; Sewry, C; Fen, ANS; Longman, C; McCullagh, G; Straub, V; Robb, S; Manzur, A; Bushby, K; Muntoni, F; - view fewer (2017) Congenital muscular dystrophies in the UK population: Clinical and molecular spectrum of a large cohort diagnosed over a 12-year period. Neuromuscul Disord 10.1016/j.nmd.2017.06.008 .

http://ift.tt/2t3SMyx

La Sociobiologie aujourd'hui

Balloux, F; Keller, L; (1999) La Sociobiologie aujourd'hui. Magazine Littéraire , 374 pp. 62-65.

http://ift.tt/2unvgQT

An Ilomastat-CD Eye Drop Formulation to Treat Ocular Scarring.

Mohamed-Ahmed, AHA; Lockwood, A; Li, H; Bailly, M; Khaw, PT; Brocchini, S; (2017) An Ilomastat-CD Eye Drop Formulation to Treat Ocular Scarring. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci , 58 (9) pp. 3425-3431. 10.1167/iovs.16-21377 .

http://ift.tt/2t4n3x3

High Cellular Monocyte Activation in People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus on Combination Antiretroviral Therapy and Lifestyle-Matched Controls Is Associated With Greater Inflammation in Cerebrospinal Fluid.

Booiman, T; Wit, FW; Maurer, I; De Francesco, D; Sabin, CA; Harskamp, AM; Prins, M; Booiman, T; Wit, FW; Maurer, I; De Francesco, D; Sabin, CA; Harskamp, AM; Prins, M; Garagnani, P; Pirazzini, C; Franceschi, C; Fuchs, D; Gisslén, M; Winston, A; Reiss, P; Kootstra, NA; Comorbidity in Relation to AIDS (COBRA) Collaboration, ; - view fewer (2017) High Cellular Monocyte Activation in People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus on Combination Antiretroviral Therapy and Lifestyle-Matched Controls Is Associated With Greater Inflammation in Cerebrospinal Fluid. Open Forum Infect Dis , 4 (3) ofx108-. 10.1093/ofid/ofx108 .

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Translators' preface: An introduction to "crisis of presence and religious reintegration" by Ernesto de Martino

Farnetti, T; Stewart, C; (2012) Translators' preface: An introduction to "crisis of presence and religious reintegration" by Ernesto de Martino. HAU: Journal of Ethnographic Theory , 2 (2) pp. 431-433.

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Landscape in 'I Dish'

Parker, J; (2003) Landscape in 'I Dish'. In: The Undercut Reader: Critical Writings on Artist's Film and Video. (p. 92). Wallflower: London, England.

http://ift.tt/2unvk2O

Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) 3D printing of medicines.

Fina, F; Goyanes, A; Gaisford, S; Basit, AW; (2017) Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) 3D printing of medicines. Int J Pharm 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.06.082 .

http://ift.tt/2t4ueVS

'Habad ke-Neged Hasidut "Polin": Le-Toledotav shel Dimuy'

Rapoport-Albert, ; Sagiv, G; (2016) 'Habad ke-Neged Hasidut "Polin": Le-Toledotav shel Dimuy'. In: Meir, J, (ed.) Habad: historyah, hagut, ve-dimuy (Habad hasidism: history, Thoght, Image). (pp. 223-265). The Zalman Shazar Center: Jerusalem.

http://ift.tt/2unEZGZ

Papyri from Tebtunis in Egyptian and in Greek

Tait, WJ; (1977) Papyri from Tebtunis in Egyptian and in Greek. [Book]. Texts from Excavations Series. Egypt Exploration Society: London.

http://ift.tt/2t3OQxC

Making the geography curriculum: Reflections on the IGU-CGE London Symposium

Brooks, C; (2013) Making the geography curriculum: Reflections on the IGU-CGE London Symposium. International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education , 22 (1) pp. 71-88. 10.1080/10382046.2012.759692 .

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Child and adolescent mental and physical health : two sides of the same coin

Hudson, L; Christie, D; (2017) Child and adolescent mental and physical health : two sides of the same coin. International Journal of Human Rights in Healthcare 00-00. 10.1108/IJHRH-05-2017-0025 .

http://ift.tt/2t4c9Hq

חסידים ושבתאים, אנשים ונשים

רפפורט-אלברט, ע; ישראל, מזשל; (2014) חסידים ושבתאים, אנשים ונשים.

http://ift.tt/2unvasc

Examining the relationship between local extinction risk and position in range.

Boakes, EH; Isaac, NJB; Fuller, RA; Mace, GM; McGowan, PJK; (2017) Examining the relationship between local extinction risk and position in range. Conserv Biol 10.1111/cobi.12979 .

http://ift.tt/2t4lbEA

Agreement Impoverishment under Subject Inversion: A Crosslinguistic Analysis

Samek-Lodovici, V; (2002) Agreement Impoverishment under Subject Inversion: A Crosslinguistic Analysis. In: Resolving Conflicts in Grammars: Optimality Theory in Syntax, Morphology, and Phonology. (pp. 49-82). Buske: Hamburg, Germany.

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Cardiac Stress and Inflammatory Markers as Predictors of Heart Failure in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: The ADVANCE Trial.

Ohkuma, T; Jun, M; Woodward, M; Zoungas, S; Cooper, ME; Grobbee, DE; Hamet, P; Ohkuma, T; Jun, M; Woodward, M; Zoungas, S; Cooper, ME; Grobbee, DE; Hamet, P; Mancia, G; Williams, B; Welsh, P; Sattar, N; Shaw, JE; Rahimi, K; Chalmers, J; ADVANCE Collaborative Group, ; - view fewer (2017) Cardiac Stress and Inflammatory Markers as Predictors of Heart Failure in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: The ADVANCE Trial. Diabetes Care 10.2337/dc17-0509 .

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The Interaction of Focus and Givenness in Italian Clause Structure

Samek-Lodovici, V; (2015) The Interaction of Focus and Givenness in Italian Clause Structure. Oxford Studies in Theoretical Linguistics. Oxford UP: Oxford, England.

http://ift.tt/2unLEAD

Gender differences in Parkinson's disease: A clinical perspective.

Georgiev, D; Hamberg, K; Hariz, M; Forsgren, L; Hariz, G-M; (2017) Gender differences in Parkinson's disease: A clinical perspective. Acta Neurol Scand 10.1111/ane.12796 .

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A Unique Case for Spinal Cord Stimulation: Successful Treatment of Small Fiber Neuropathy Pain Using Multiple Spinal Cord Stimulators

Spinal cord stimulators have commonly been used to treat multiple pain conditions. This case report represents a unique case of using multiple spinal cord stimulators for widespread small fiber neuropathy pain. This case report concerns patient JJ who first presented with generalized neuropathic pain. His pain was an intermittent burning, stinging quality that originally focused in both of his feet and progressed to include his legs and arms and eventually involved his entire body. The pain would last moments to hours at least daily. He reported a poor quality of life. He was diagnosed with small fiber neuropathy with anhydrosis, suggestive of idiopathic erythromelalgia. He had a spinal cord stimulator trial involving both cervical and lower thoracic percutaneous leads. After two spinal cord stimulators were implanted, the patient began to report an improvement in pain. The patient continues to report excellent pain relief. The patient uses the stimulator intermittently as needed, in an abortive fashion for pain flares. The patient is very pleased and has increased his activity. He now attends graduate school full time. This case report hopes to illustrate a unique use of multiple spinal cord stimulators in treating widespread neuropathic pain caused by small fiber neuropathy.

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The Youngest Reported and Successfully Treated Patient with a Dermoid Cyst of the Parotid Gland: A Rare Pediatric Case

Dermoid cysts (DCs) are rare benign, epithelial-lined lesions. Up to 7% of them are found in the head and neck region and 80% of those predominantly occur in the orbit, in the nose, and in the floor of the mouth. The average age of presentation is around the age of six. Dermoid cysts located in the parotid gland have only been published in 19 cases so far. Interestingly, the mean age of occurrence in the parotid gland was much higher (31 years). We report on a four-year-old girl being the youngest patient who had ever been diagnosed with this disease.

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Contralateral Occlusion Test: The effect of external ear canal occlusion on hearing thresholds

Publication date: July–August 2017
Source:Acta Otorrinolaringologica (English Edition), Volume 68, Issue 4
Author(s): Luis Roque Reis, Paulo Fernandes, Pedro Escada
Introduction and goalsBedside testing with tuning forks may decrease turnaround time and improve decision making for a quick qualitative assessment of hearing loss. The purpose of this study was to quantify the effects of ear canal occlusion on hearing, in order to decide which tuning fork frequency is more appropriate to use for quantifying hearing loss with the Contralateral Occlusion Test.MethodsTwenty normal-hearing adults (forty ears) underwent sound field pure tone audiometry with and without ear canal occlusion. Each ear was tested with the standard frequencies. The contralateral ear was suppressed with by masking. Ear occlusion was performed by two examiners.ResultsParticipants aged between 21 and 30 years (25.6±3.03 years) showed an increase in hearing thresholds with increasing frequencies from 19.94dB (250Hz) to 39.25dB (2000Hz). The threshold difference between occluded and unoccluded conditions was statistically significant and increased from 10.69dB (250Hz) to 32.12dB (2000Hz). There were no statistically significant differences according to gender or between the examiners.ConclusionThe occlusion effect increased the hearing thresholds and became more evident with higher frequencies. The occlusion method as performed demonstrated reproducibility. In the Contralateral Occlusion Test, 256Hz or 512Hz tuning forks should be used for diagnosis of mild hearing loss, and a 2048Hz tuning fork should be used for moderate hearing loss.



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Application of the Acoustic Voice Quality Index for Objective Measurement of Dysphonia Severity

Publication date: July–August 2017
Source:Acta Otorrinolaringologica (English Edition), Volume 68, Issue 4
Author(s): Faustino Núñez-Batalla, Estefanía Díaz-Fresno, Andrea Álvarez-Fernández, Gabriela Muñoz Cordero, José Luis Llorente Pendás
IntroductionOver the past several decades, many acoustic parameters have been studied as sensitive to and to measure dysphonia. However, current acoustic measures might not be sensitive measures of perceived voice quality. A meta-analysis which evaluated the relationship between perceived overall voice quality and several acoustic-phonetic correlates, identified measures that do not rely on the extraction of the fundamental period, such the measures derived from the cepstrum, and that can be used in sustained vowel as well as continuous speech samples. A specific and recently developed method to quantify the severity of overall dysphonia is the acoustic voice quality index (AVQI) that is a multivariate construct that combines multiple acoustic markers to yield a single number that correlates reasonably with overall vocal quality.MethodsThis research is based on one pool of voice recordings collected in two sets of subjects: 60 vocally normal and 58 voice disordered participants. A sustained vowel and a sample of connected speech were recorded and analyzed to obtain the six parameters included in the AVQI using the program Praat. Statistical analysis was completed using SPSS for Windows, version 12.0.ResultsCorrelation between perception of overall voice quality and AVQI: A significant difference exists (t(95)=9.5; P<.000) between normal and dysphonic voices.ConclusionsThe findings of this study demonstrate the clinical feasibility of the AVQI as a measure of dysphonia severity.



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Treatment of Advanced Laryngeal Cancer and Quality of Life. Systematic Review

Publication date: July–August 2017
Source:Acta Otorrinolaringologica (English Edition), Volume 68, Issue 4
Author(s): Francisco Javier García-León, Raúl García-Estepa, Antonio Romero-Tabares, Jaime Gómez-Millán Borrachina
Introduction and objectivesThe objective was the comparison of the quality of life in patients with advanced laryngeal cancer treated with organ preservation versus surgical treatment.MethodsWe performed a systematic review in the databases MedLine, EMBASE, and PubMed (1991–2014) and Web of Science (2012–2014). The search terms were: Laryngeal cancer, organ preservation, chemotherapy, laryngectomy, treatment outcomes and quality of life. Systematic reviews, meta-analysis, reports of health technology assessment and comparative studies with control group, published in Spanish, French or English were included. The selection and quality assessment was made by two researchers. The criteria of the Cochrane Collaboration were used to assess the risk of bias and Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) for the level of evidence.ResultsOf the 208 studies identified in the search, three were included a clinical trial and two observational studies, with a total of 211 patients. Quality and level of evidence was low. The results were contradictory, on occasion they favoured surgery, and on other occasions chemotherapy, but in general there were no statistical differences between the treatments. The studies were heterogeneous, with different methodology, undersized, limitations in quality with high risk of bias and use of different measurement scales.ConclusionsThere are not enough studies of quality to establish differences in the quality of life in patients with advanced laryngeal cancer according to the treatment received.



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Endoscopic Electrocauterization for Congenital Pyriform Sinus Fistula Treatment in Paediatrics. Case Series

Publication date: July–August 2017
Source:Acta Otorrinolaringologica (English Edition), Volume 68, Issue 4
Author(s): Giselle Cuestas, Flavia Doormann, Verónica Rodríguez, Patricio Bellia Munzón, Gastón Bellia Munzón
Pyriform sinus fistulas are rare anomalies of the branchial arches. Most of them are located on the left side. They extend from the apex of the pyriform sinus of the hypopharynx to the thyroid gland or adjacent tissues.The diagnosis is suspected in the presence of acute suppurative thyroiditis or recurrent cervical abscesses, and is confirmed by endoscopic visualisation of the fistula hole. The traditional treatment consists of excision of the fistulous tract, with or without thyroid lobectomy, by cervical approach. However, less invasive alternatives that obliterate the path of the fistula have been developed, such as endoscopic electrocautery.We describe our experience with 7 patients with this condition, who were treated with endoscopic cauterization using radiofrequency electrocautery, and we evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the treatment performed.



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Spanish Consensus for the Management of Sinonasal Tumors

Publication date: July–August 2017
Source:Acta Otorrinolaringologica (English Edition), Volume 68, Issue 4
Author(s): Fernando López, Juan José Grau, José Antonio Medina, Isam Alobid
Sinonasal tumors are rare neoplasms with distinctive clinical, aetiological and pathological features. The diagnosis and treatment of these tumors is challenging because of their low incidence, histological diversity and production of nonspecific symptoms in the early stages. They have a variable prognosis depending on their histology, origin and staging. Their location, close to neurocritical structures, which are of special relevance to surgery and postoperative treatment, makes their treatment difficult and complex, leading to high morbidity and mortality. Surgery followed by radiotherapy is the mainstay of treatment. To provide the best possible care, patients with sinonasal cancer should be treated in clinical referral centres specialising in skull-base pathologies. Such centres should include a multidisciplinary team led by otolaryngologist surgeons. This article outlines a consensus protocol for the management of these tumors devised by the Spanish Society of Otolaryngology in collaboration with the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology and the Spanish Society for Radiation Oncology.



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Surgical treatment of nasal septal perforations: SIR (Italian Society of Rhinology) experts opinion

Publication date: July–August 2017
Source:Acta Otorrinolaringologica (English Edition), Volume 68, Issue 4
Author(s): Desiderio Passali, Maria Carla Spinosi, Lorenzo Salerni, Michele Cassano, Hugo Rodriguez, Francesco Maria Passali, Luisa Maria Bellussi
Background and aimThe aim of our study has been to investigate the perception of aspects related to nasal perforation among experts in Rhinology and ENT surgeons. Our aim was reporting the situations in different Countries to improve the knowledge of colleagues interested in this topic.MethodsA panel of experts prepared a 20-question questionnaire regarding nasal perforations and their surgical repair, that were emailed to all the members of SIR (Società Italiana di Rnologia – Italian Society of Rhinology).ResultsData obtained from their answers showed that Cottle technique (64%) is the most common technique to perform septoplasty worldwide. 37% of the sample reported an occurrence of nasal septal perforation in less than 1% of patients and 75% attributed this occurrence to the skill of the surgeon, to infections, to drug use and to septal deformity. Trauma, pressure and Wegener's granulomatosis were also mentioned. The most common closure technique is the mucosal flap (75%), followed by the cartilage grafts (11%). Much less common were oral flaps, septal buttons and others. The majority agreed not to suggest septal perforation surgery in minimal (less than 3–4mm) perforations (73.5%), or limiting it to symptomatic patients (43.5%). The contraindications to repair surgery were reported to be: Wegener's granulomatosis, drug abuse, non-symptomatic perforation, its dimension and age of the patient. Septal deviation, atrophic rhinitis, smoke epistaxis and systemic diseases were also claimed. Failure in repair surgery has been observed to occur in less than 30% of cases.Discussion and conclusionsGiven the great difficulty to make random studies about controversial topics and obtain statistically significant data related to that, expert opinion shall be of great value (expert opinion, level of evidence 5)



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Syringocystadenoma Papilliferum of the External Auditory Canal. Case Report and Literature Review

Publication date: July–August 2017
Source:Acta Otorrinolaringologica (English Edition), Volume 68, Issue 4
Author(s): Gloria Guerra-Jiménez, Rocío González Aguado, Alejandra Arenas Rodríguez, Ángel Ramos Macías




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Spontaneous laryngeal abscess causing dysphagia

Publication date: July–August 2017
Source:Acta Otorrinolaringologica (English Edition), Volume 68, Issue 4
Author(s): Nurdoğan Ata, İrfan Fırat Özcan




http://ift.tt/2v5Vox2

Alveolar sarcoma of the parapharyngeal space: A case report

Publication date: July–August 2017
Source:Acta Otorrinolaringologica (English Edition), Volume 68, Issue 4
Author(s): Sarina Navarro, Jose F. Carrillo, Dorian Yarih Garcia Ortega, Kuauhyama Luna-Ortiz




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Acute Calcific Tendinitis of the Longus Colli Muscle

Publication date: July–August 2017
Source:Acta Otorrinolaringologica (English Edition), Volume 68, Issue 4
Author(s): Alberto Sierra Solís, Luis Fernández Prudencio




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Intratonsillar Abscess, a Rare Cause of Odynophagia

Publication date: July–August 2017
Source:Acta Otorrinolaringologica (English Edition), Volume 68, Issue 4
Author(s): Blidy N. Añaguari, Juan Rebollo, Cristina Montes




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Diagnostic Surprise in a Menière-like Syndrome: Jugular Bulb Diverticulum

Publication date: July–August 2017
Source:Acta Otorrinolaringologica (English Edition), Volume 68, Issue 4
Author(s): Christian E. Calvo-Henriquez, Xenia I. Mota-Rojas, Andrés Soto-Varela




http://ift.tt/2v5EGhf

Asbestos. Laryngeal Cancer

Publication date: July–August 2017
Source:Acta Otorrinolaringologica (English Edition), Volume 68, Issue 4
Author(s): Luis Sánchez Galán




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Impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on otitis media: A review of measurement and interpretation challenges

Publication date: September 2017
Source:International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, Volume 100
Author(s): Ivo Vojtek, Marcus Nordgren, Bernard Hoet
Acute otitis media (AOM) is among the most frequent childhood diseases and is caused by various bacterial and viral etiological agents. In this article, we provide an overview of published studies assessing the impact of higher-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) on AOM. In some instances, reports of PCV impact on complications of AOM have been included. While randomized controlled trials (RCTs) allow for the most precise assessment of vaccine efficacy against AOM, observational studies provide answers to questions regarding the public health value of these vaccines in real-life settings. We discuss the challenges that arise when measuring PCV impact on AOM in observational studies: the local variability of viral and bacterial etiology, differences in case ascertainment, care-seeking behavior, standards of care and diagnosis of AOM (e.g. use of incisions), as well as declining baseline AOM incidence that can already be in place before PCV introduction, and how these factors can impact the results and their interpretation.



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Disrupted white matter structural networks in healthy older adult APOE ε4 carriers - An international multicenter DTI study.

Cavedo, E; Lista, S; Rojkova, K; Chiesa, PA; Houot, M; Brueggen, K; Blautzik, J; Cavedo, E; Lista, S; Rojkova, K; Chiesa, PA; Houot, M; Brueggen, K; Blautzik, J; Bokde, ALW; Dubois, B; Barkhof, F; Pouwels, PJW; Teipel, S; Hampel, H; Alzheimer Precision Medicine Initiative (APMI), ; - view fewer (2017) Disrupted white matter structural networks in healthy older adult APOE ε4 carriers - An international multicenter DTI study. Neuroscience , 357 pp. 119-133. 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.05.048 .

http://ift.tt/2t3QNKe

In appreciation of our reviewers

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