Medicine by Sfakianakis Alexandros: Οκτωβρίου 2016

Δευτέρα 31 Οκτωβρίου 2016

Frontiers in the Expansion of Bioproducts

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QuiO’s Smartinjector Connected Drug Delivery Device Anticipates 2017 Release

q-injector

With the launch of QuiO's initial Smartinjector product, the Si One, the company aims to provide the first real-time, connected drug delivery device for injectable therapies. Their Internet of Things (IoT) enabled device and its companion software, which allows medical professionals to monitor adherence and support treatment remotely, looks to offer a long overdue improvement to in-home injection administration technology.

The company was co-founded in early 2014 by CEO Alexander Dahmani, at the time pursuing his Ph.D. in Microbiology and Immunology from Columbia University, and lead engineer Jared Schwartzentruber, himself studying at Columbia's School of Engineering. The pair developed the original functional prototype in Schwartzentruber's bedroom, utilizing a 3D printer than ran continuously for 18 months. QuiO, now based in the Brooklyn Navy Yard and operating out of the New Lab entrepreneurial design and technology center, has come a long way in the time since. Their final prototype device is currently being produced via an FDA-certified development and manufacturing firm, the associated software is finalized pending minor user interface changes, and the company announced last month that they had secured $1.05 million in funding to enable a 2017 release of the Si One device.

The Si One is capable of administering any type of syringe-based medication, and can in fact be cleared to deliver multiple approved injections in the same syringe by virtue of its designation as a General Use Injector. The technology is designed to prevent against the most frequent self-injection mistakes, such as partial dose delivery. Dose administration is monitored automatically and in real-time via the connected QuiO Cloud HIPAA-compliant software platform. Communication and data transmission between the device and the cloud-based software requires no setup, syncing, or additional components, and is conducted over a cellular connection, rather than through Bluetooth pairing. The QuiO Cloud software, meanwhile, provides web-based dashboards for observing individual patient health status and supporting patient populations. Currently, the QuiO Cloud platform consists of a Care Dashboard, for clinicians and pharmacists to directly track patient injection administration, and an Enterprise Dashboard, through which organizations can monitor drug performance, adherence, and outcomes. medication-injector

Contacted for an exclusive statement regarding the device and its design process, Dahmani told Medgadget:

"We gave ourselves two very important design constraints with our lead Smartinjector device, the Si One. First off, don't change the drug or syringe, because that slows adoption by pharma and prevents payers and providers from being able to deploy it. Secondly, don't burden the patient, because that reduces clinical efficacy and leads to unreliable data collection. All of the competing devices that we've seen so far break one or both of these rules, which is one of the main reasons we haven't seen much traction in the market to-date. We believe the Si One will be the first solution to be deployed at scale because we made it easy for organizations to adopt and even easier for patients to use."

Currently, QuiO is planning a pilot study to identify the extent to which their Smartinjector platform incentivizes and improves adherence for injectable therapies, as well as to quantify improvements in medical outcomes and patient satisfaction. The Si One is anticipated to receive 510(K) clearance as a Class II General Use Injector in 2017.

More information: QuiO…

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Association of the Aspartate Aminotransferase to Alanine Aminotransferase Ratio with BNP Level and Cardiovascular Mortality in the General Population: The Yamagata Study 10-Year Follow-Up

Background. Early identification of high risk subjects for cardiovascular disease in health check-up is still unmet medical need. Cardiovascular disease is characterized by the superior increase in aspartate aminotransferase (AST) to alanine aminotransferase (ALT). However, the association of AST/ALT ratio with brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels and cardiovascular mortality remains unclear in the general population. Methods and Results. This longitudinal cohort study included 3,494 Japanese subjects who participated in a community-based health check-up, with a 10-year follow-up. The AST/ALT ratio increased with increasing BNP levels. And multivariate logistic analysis showed that the AST/ALT ratio was significantly associated with a high BNP (≥100 pg/mL). There were 250 all-cause deaths including 79 cardiovascular deaths. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis revealed that a high AST/ALT ratio (>90 percentile) was an independent predictor of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality after adjustment for confounding factors. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that cardiovascular mortality was higher in subjects with a high AST/ALT ratio than in those without. Conclusions. The AST/ALT ratio was associated with an increase in BNP and was predictive of cardiovascular mortality in a general population. Measuring the AST/ALT ratio during routine health check-ups may be a simple and cost-effective marker for cardiovascular mortality.

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Diagnostic Utility of ANG in Coronary Heart Disease Complicating Chronic Heart Failure: A Cross-Sectional Study

Angiogenin (ANG) has been shown to be elevated in several cardiovascular diseases. To detect its levels and diagnostic capacity in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients complicating chronic heart failure (CHF), we performed this cross-sectional study and enrolled 616 CHD patients and 53 healthy controls. According to complicating CHF or not, the patients were divided into CHF group () and CHD disease controls (), in which the CHF group was subdivided as heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) group or heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) group on the basis of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), or as different NYHA class group. Their plasma ANG levels were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Plasma ANG was 342.8 (IQR []), 304.5 (IQR []), and 279.7 (IQR []) ng/mL in the CHF group, CHD disease controls, and healthy controls, respectively, significantly higher in the CHF group compared with the others. Furthermore, among CHF group, ANG is dramatically higher in the HFrEF patients compared with the HFpEF patients. As for the diagnostic capacity of ANG, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.71 (95% CI 0.63–0.78). We concluded that plasma ANG is elevated in CHD complicating CHF patients and may be a moderate discriminator of CHF from CHD or the healthy.

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Structural characterization of natural diamond shocked to 60GPa; implications for Earth and planetary systems

Jones, AP; McMillan, PF; Salzmann, CG; Alvaro, M; Nestola, F; Prencipe, M; Dobson, D; Jones, AP; McMillan, PF; Salzmann, CG; Alvaro, M; Nestola, F; Prencipe, M; Dobson, D; Hazael, R; Moore, M; - view fewer (2016) Structural characterization of natural diamond shocked to 60GPa; implications for Earth and planetary systems. Lithos 10.1016/j.lithos.2016.09.023 . (In press).

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Presentation for care and antenatal management of HIV in the UK, 2009-2014

French, CE; Thorne, C; Byrne, L; Cortina-Borja, M; Tookey, PA; (2016) Presentation for care and antenatal management of HIV in the UK, 2009-2014. HIV Medicine 10.1111/hiv.12410 . (In press). Green open access

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Ridgelet transform on the sphere

McEwen, J; (2015) Ridgelet transform on the sphere. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing

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Second-Generation Curvelets on the Sphere

Chan, J; Leistedt, B; Kitching, T; McEwen, J; (2016) Second-Generation Curvelets on the Sphere. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing p. 1. 10.1109/TSP.2016.2600506 .

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From Multilateral to Unilateral Lines of Attack: The Sustainability of Offshore Tax Havens and Financial Centres in the International Legal Order

Chiu, H; (2016) From Multilateral to Unilateral Lines of Attack: The Sustainability of Offshore Tax Havens and Financial Centres in the International Legal Order. Connecticut Journal of International Law (In press).

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How Do Contextual Factors Influence Implementation and Receipt of Positive Youth Development Programs Addressing Substance Use and Violence? A Qualitative Meta-Synthesis of Process Evaluations

Dickson, K; Melendez-Torres, GJ; Fletcher, A; Hinds, K; Thomas, J; Stansfield, C; Murphy, S; Dickson, K; Melendez-Torres, GJ; Fletcher, A; Hinds, K; Thomas, J; Stansfield, C; Murphy, S; Campbell, R; Bonell, C; - view fewer (2016) How Do Contextual Factors Influence Implementation and Receipt of Positive Youth Development Programs Addressing Substance Use and Violence? A Qualitative Meta-Synthesis of Process Evaluations. American Journal of Health Promotion 10.1177/0890117116670302 . (In press).

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Transcending Regulatory Fragmentation and the Construction of an Economy-Society Discourse: Implications for Regulatory Policy Derived from a Functional Approach to Understanding Shadow Banking

Chiu, H; (2016) Transcending Regulatory Fragmentation and the Construction of an Economy-Society Discourse: Implications for Regulatory Policy Derived from a Functional Approach to Understanding Shadow Banking. Journal of Corporation Law Green open access

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Planck intermediate results. XLIV. Structure of the Galactic magnetic field from dust polarization maps of the southern Galactic cap

Planck Collaboration, T; Planck intermediate results. XLIV. Structure of the Galactic magnetic field from dust polarization maps of the southern Galactic cap. Astronomy & Astrophysics 10.1051/0004-6361/201628636 . (In press).

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Psychological distress in mid-life: evidence from the 1958 and 1970 British birth cohorts

Ploubidis, GB; Sullivan, A; Brown, M; Goodman, A; (2016) Psychological distress in mid-life: evidence from the 1958 and 1970 British birth cohorts. Psychological Medicine 10.1017/S0033291716002464 . (In press).

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Optimising the validity and completion of adherence diaries: a multiple case study and randomised crossover trial

Frost, RH; McClurg, D; Brady, M; Williams, B; (2016) Optimising the validity and completion of adherence diaries: a multiple case study and randomised crossover trial. Trials , 17 , Article 489. 10.1186/s13063-016-1615-7 . Green open access

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Planck intermediate results. XLVI. Reduction of large-scale systematic effects in HFI polarization maps and estimation of the reionization optical depth

Collaboration, P; Planck intermediate results. XLVI. Reduction of large-scale systematic effects in HFI polarization maps and estimation of the reionization optical depth. Astronomy & Astrophysics 10.1051/0004-6361/201628890 . (In press).

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Planck intermediate results. XLVII.Constraints on reionization history

McEwen, J; (2016) Planck intermediate results. XLVII.Constraints on reionization history. Astronomy and Astrophysics 10.1051/0004-6361/201628897 .

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Planck intermediate results. XLIX. Parity-violation constraints from polarization data

Gruppuso, A; Planck intermediate results. XLIX. Parity-violation constraints from polarization data. Astronomy & Astrophysics 10.1051/0004-6361/201629018 . (In press).

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Planck intermediate results. XLVIII. Disentangling Galactic dust emission and cosmic infrared background anisotropies

Remazeilles, M; Planck intermediate results. XLVIII. Disentangling Galactic dust emission and cosmic infrared background anisotropies. Astronomy & Astrophysics 10.1051/0004-6361/201629022 . (In press).

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Planck intermediate results. L. Evidence for spatial variation of the polarized thermal dust spectral energy distribution and implications for CMB B-mode analysis

McEwen, J; (2016) Planck intermediate results. L. Evidence for spatial variation of the polarized thermal dust spectral energy distribution and implications for CMB B-mode analysis. Astronomy and Astrophysics

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Planck intermediate results. LI. Features in the cosmic microwave background temperature power spectrum and shifts in cosmological parameters

McEwen, J; (2016) Planck intermediate results. LI. Features in the cosmic microwave background temperature power spectrum and shifts in cosmological parameters. Astronomy and Astrophysics

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A coalgebraic view on decorated traces

Bonchi, F; Bonsangue, M; Caltais, G; Rutten, J; Silva, A; (2016) A coalgebraic view on decorated traces. Mathematical Structures in Computer Science , 26 (7) pp. 1234-1268. 10.1017/S0960129514000449 .

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Drug Utilisation Patterns in Children Admitted to a Paediatric General Medical Ward in Five Countries.

Rashed, AN; Wong, IC; Wilton, L; Tomlin, S; Neubert, A; Drug Utilisation Patterns in Children Admitted to a Paediatric General Medical Ward in Five Countries. Drugs Real World Outcomes , 2 (4) pp. 397-410. 10.1007/s40801-015-0049-y .

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Reflections on Ulrich Beck's legacy in the field of youth transitions and employment

Evans, K; (2016) Reflections on Ulrich Beck's legacy in the field of youth transitions and employment. Work, Employment and Society , 30 (5) pp. 891-892. 10.1177/0950017016645733 . Green open access

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Understanding the impact of interventions to prevent antimicrobial resistant infections in the long-term care facility; a review and practical guide to mathematical modelling

Rosello Gilchrist, A; Horner, C; Hopkins, S; Hayward, AC; Deeny, SR; (2016) Understanding the impact of interventions to prevent antimicrobial resistant infections in the long-term care facility; a review and practical guide to mathematical modelling. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology (In press).

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Structural characterization of natural diamond shocked to 60GPa; implications for Earth and planetary systems

Stage-specific Embryonic Antigen-4 (SSEA-4) as a novel marker of ductal cells of human eccrine sweat glands

Summary

Background

Different populations of unipotent or multipotent stem cells were identified in human epidermis and its appendages. It is well documented that these cells maintain tissue homeostasis and actively participate in epidermal regeneration after injury. However, there is no evidence of the presence of pluripotent stem cells in human epidermis.

Objective

In this study, we investigated whether cells positive for embryonic stem cell marker SSEA-4 are present in adult human epidermis and if so, whether they are pluripotent and may correspond to the population of primitive stem cells.

Methods

The expression of SSEA-4 antigen and pluripotency transcription factors were analysed using flow cytometry. By means of immunohistochemical staining, we studied the exact localization of these cells in human skin sections.

Results

We show that a population of SSEA-4⁺ cells is present in human epidermis. In contrast to a commonly accepted belief, the expression of SSEA-4 antigen is not connected with the pluripotent character of the isolated cells. We found that these SSEA-4⁺ cells are localized in the ducts of eccrine sweat glands.

Conclusion

Our results indicate that the SSEA-4 antigen is a novel marker identifying the ductal cells of human sweat glands. The surface character of the antigen provides for simple method of isolation of this cell population and suggests the application of SSEA-4 for future cell therapy research.

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Geometric morphometrics of different malocclusions in lateral skull radiographs

Abstract

Background

To evaluate the role of craniofacial shape in malocclusion by application of geometric morphometrics to a set of two-dimensional landmarks and semilandmarks obtained from lateral skull radiographs.

Methods

Cephalometric radiograph tracings of 88 untreated Caucasians (age range 7–39 years) were assigned to four groups according to their occlusion: neutrocclusion, distocclusion, mesiocclusion, and anterior open bite. The geometric morphometric shape analysis incorporated 66 landmarks and semilandmarks, which underwent generalized Procrustes analysis, between-groups principal component analysis, thin-plate spline deformation grid visualization, permutation tests, and receiver operating characteristic curves.

Results

The position and shape of the mandible contributed to differences between the distocclusion and mesiocclusion groups, whereas the maxillary shape showed less variation. The growth-related shape alteration during adolescence was most pronounced in the mesiocclusion group and least pronounced in the neutrocclusion group. The open bite group was associated with an altered orientation of the mandibular body and the maxilla, showed the most hyperdivergent maxillomandibular pattern but was not an own skeletal entity. Despite clear differences in mean shape across the four groups, the individual distribution of craniofacial shape overlapped between the groups without discrete clusters.

Conclusions

Craniofacial shape was clearly associated with dental malocclusion and showed considerable variation. Geometric morphometrics was a powerful research tool but for diagnosing individual malocclusion standard cephalometric measurements including overjet and overbite were equally or more efficient than geometric morphometric descriptors.

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DOMINO, doxycycline 40mg vs minocycline 100mg in the treatment of rosacea: a randomised, single blinded, non-inferiority trial, comparing efficacy and safety

Summary

Background

There is lack of evidence for minocycline in the treatment of rosacea.

Objectives

To compare the efficacy and safety of doxycycline 40mg versus minocycline 100mg in papulopustular rosacea.

Methods

In this randomised single centre, 1:1 allocation, assessor blinded, non-inferiority trial, patients with a mild to severe papulopustular rosacea, were randomly allocated to either oral doxycycline 40mg or minocycline 100mg for a 16-week period with 12 weeks of follow up.

Our primary outcomes were the change in lesion count and change in patient's Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL): RosaQoL scores.

Our secondary outcomes were: Patient's Global Assessment (PaGA) success ("excellent" or "good" improvement), Investigator Global Assessment (IGA) success ("clear" or "near clear"), Clinicians Erythema Assessment (CEA) success (at least one point decrease), the relapse rate at follow up and safety profile of the treatment drugs.

Intention to treat (ITT) and per protocol analyses (PPA) were performed.

Results

Of the 80 patients randomised, (40 for minocycline and 40 for doxycycline) 71 patients were treated for 16 weeks. 68 patients completed the study.

At week 16, the median change in lesion count was comparable in both groups: doxycycline versus minocycline respectively 13 versus 14 lesions less. (Non-inferiority difference 3, 90% Confidence interval (CI) -2 to 8). The RosaQoL scores were decreased for both doxycycline and minocycline, respectively 0.62 and 0.86. (Non-inferiority difference 0.15, 90% CI -0.09 to 0.42).

Secondary outcomes were comparable except for IGA success, which was assessed significantly more often in the minocycline group than in the doxycycline group (respectively 60% and 17.5%; p<0.001).

At week 28, outcomes were comparable, except for RosaQoL scores and PaGA, which were significantly different in favour of minocycline (P=0.005 and P=0.043 respectively), and less relapses were recorded in the minocycline group than in the doxycycline group (respectively 6.7% and 48%; p<0.001). In this study no serious adverse reactions (SAEs) were reported.

Conclusions

Minocycline 100mg is non-inferior to doxycycline 40mg in efficacy over a 16- week treatment period. Furthermore, at follow up, RosaQoL scores and PaGA were statistically significantly more improved in the minocycline group than in the doxycycline group, and minocycline 100mg gives longer remission than doxycycline 40mg. In this study there was no significant difference in safety between these treatments, however, based on previous literature minocycline has a lower risk/benefit ratio than doxycycline. Minocycline 100mg may be a good alternative treatment for those patients who, for any reason, are unable or unwilling to take doxycycline 40mg.

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Presentation for care and antenatal management of HIV in the UK, 2009-2014

Ridgelet transform on the sphere

McEwen, J; (2015) Ridgelet transform on the sphere. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing

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Second-Generation Curvelets on the Sphere

Chan, J; Leistedt, B; Kitching, T; McEwen, J; (2016) Second-Generation Curvelets on the Sphere. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing p. 1. 10.1109/TSP.2016.2600506 .

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From Multilateral to Unilateral Lines of Attack: The Sustainability of Offshore Tax Havens and Financial Centres in the International Legal Order

How Do Contextual Factors Influence Implementation and Receipt of Positive Youth Development Programs Addressing Substance Use and Violence? A Qualitative Meta-Synthesis of Process Evaluations

Transcending Regulatory Fragmentation and the Construction of an Economy-Society Discourse: Implications for Regulatory Policy Derived from a Functional Approach to Understanding Shadow Banking

The expression of serine protease inhibitors in epidermal keratinocytes is increased by calcium, but not 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3 or retinoic acid

Summary

Background

In the human skin, the serine proteases kallikrein-related peptidases (KLK) 5 and KLK7 degrade corneodesmosome proteins, which leads to desquamation. The serine protease activity of the skin is tightly regulated by the interplay between such proteases and serine protease inhibitors, which include lympho-epithelial Kazal-type related inhibitor (LEKTI) encoded by SPINK5, secretory leukocyte peptidase inhibitor (SLPI), and elafin. The expression of KLK5 and KLK7 is controlled and up-regulated by stimulants such as calcium, 1,25(OH)₂ vitamin D₃ (1,25(OH)₂VD₃), and retinoic acid (RA).

Objectives

To understand the effect of calcium, 1,25(OH)₂VD₃, and RA on the expression of serine protease inhibitors in epidermal keratinocytes.

Methods

We stimulated normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) with high calcium, 1,25(OH)₂VD₃, or RA and then analysed the expression of serine protease inhibitors using quantitative real-time-PCR, ELISA, and immunocytofluorescence. We also analysed trypsin- and chymotrypsin-like serine protease activities in stimulated NHEKs.

Results

High calcium, but not 1,25(OH)₂VD₃ or RA, significantly induced the expression of LEKTI, SLPI, and elafin at both transcript and protein levels in NHEKs. These inductions were time- and dose-dependent. The activities of trypsin- and chymotrypsin-like serine proteases were significantly up- and down-regulated by high calcium, respectively, in NHEKs.

Conclusions

High calcium, but not 1,25(OH)₂VD₃ or RA, increases the expression of serine protease inhibitors in epidermal keratinocytes. Our findings contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms by which serine protease activities are regulated by serine proteases and related inhibitors in epidermal keratinocytes.

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Planck intermediate results. XLIV. Structure of the Galactic magnetic field from dust polarization maps of the southern Galactic cap

Psychological distress in mid-life: evidence from the 1958 and 1970 British birth cohorts

Optimising the validity and completion of adherence diaries: a multiple case study and randomised crossover trial

Planck intermediate results. XLVI. Reduction of large-scale systematic effects in HFI polarization maps and estimation of the reionization optical depth

Planck intermediate results. XLVII.Constraints on reionization history

McEwen, J; (2016) Planck intermediate results. XLVII.Constraints on reionization history. Astronomy and Astrophysics 10.1051/0004-6361/201628897 .

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Planck intermediate results. XLVIII. Disentangling Galactic dust emission and cosmic infrared background anisotropies

Planck intermediate results. XLIX. Parity-violation constraints from polarization data

Gruppuso, A; Planck intermediate results. XLIX. Parity-violation constraints from polarization data. Astronomy & Astrophysics 10.1051/0004-6361/201629018 . (In press).

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Planck intermediate results. L. Evidence for spatial variation of the polarized thermal dust spectral energy distribution and implications for CMB B-mode analysis

Planck intermediate results. LI. Features in the cosmic microwave background temperature power spectrum and shifts in cosmological parameters

A coalgebraic view on decorated traces

Drug Utilisation Patterns in Children Admitted to a Paediatric General Medical Ward in Five Countries.

Reflections on Ulrich Beck's legacy in the field of youth transitions and employment

Medgadget Review: FlipPad, A Rugged Antimicrobial iPad Case

flippad

FlipPad is a product of a Chelmsford, Essex, UK-based company called FutureNova. The case is designed to enclose iPad Air 2 & the 9.7″ iPad Pro, and provide all sorts of fluid and chemical protections for these tablets when clinicians, caregivers, company reps and others use them around patients.

flippad-back Contact precautions and infection control work both ways: you don't want your device to get contaminated in a messy environment, and you don't want it to become a focus of infection in a total joint replacement operating room. Yet, when you bring your device home, you definitely don't want a one year old MRSA leaking off the iPad screen. It's better to keep the iPad behind a wall of protection, and that's what the company believes it offers with the FlipPad. They say the FlipPad provides water and chemical resistance, drop protection, and, thanks to an antimicrobial Corning Gorilla Glass Screen embedded with ionic silver, the device provides antimicrobial resistance. Because the silver ions are permanently embedded into the screen, the effect lasts throughout the lifetime of the device.

A Medgadget editor has tested the device for three weeks doing regular clinical work in the hospital and in the OR, and overall he was very pleased with the device. The case is easy to open and close. After a couple of inadvertent falls, the iPad has survived. The case feels veryrugged, and once the device is positioned inside, it's either surrounded by empty space or securely in contact with a very thick and sturdy looking plastic reinforced by rubber and foam.

We tested the device for splash protection by dunking the entire rig into a bucket of water for about a second. The iPad inside stayed completely dry.

The FlipPad has a specially designed rear handle that also functions as a stand. It's very convenient when holding the device in the air, and it works well as a stand. The little openings for ports are easy to open and close, and they provide a convenient way to charge the iPad while keeping things looking neat.

The touchscreen is crystal clear and is responsive to finger input even when we tested the device with surgical gloves on. Scrolling was easy, but typing was not perfect. Using the virtual keyboard required extra pressure with and without the gloves, and felt inconvenient when we initially started using the FlipPad. After a week or so, typing became a bit more mundane.

wiping-flippad

The FlipPad is not your typical iPad case, for sure: it comes in a large box, and it's rather bulky. It's not for going out, but it's for the clinical environment where functionality and safety precede beauty. We think the device could be really beneficial for clinicians on rounds and for biomed company reps who attend clinical procedures in sterile areas. It could also be useful to personnel that deal with device processing and sterilization, pathology labs, and other areas where iPads are used for inventory tracking. Morgues and dissection labs are places where FlipPads can also blossom, if you ask us.

Pros: Easy to use rugged antimicrobial case. Responsive clear glass screen. Water and chemicals resistant. Made with FDA approved materials, and, according to the company, tested with the following standard infection control sprays:

3000ppm Bleach for 1hr
0.75% Sporocidal Active Chlorine for 1hr
6% Hydrogen Peroxide for 1hr
Amonium Chloride + Biguanide for 1hr
70% Ethanol for 1hr

Cons: Could be difficult to type, requires extra pressure. The device is not autoclavable. According to the company, "… most of the FlipPad's materials are suitable for autoclaving, but it is not designed for or tested at this high level. We are looking at designing a version of the FlipPad that meets these standards in the future."

Conclusion: If you need to keep your iPad perfectly clean and useful in a clinical environment, the FlipPad is about the only real choice out there. The various usability features make it practical and ergonomic for daily use, something the FlipPad has proven to us during our three weeks with it in the hospital.

Product page: FlipPad…

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Self-assembly and photocatalytic H2 evolution activity of two unprecedented polytantalotungstates based on the largest {Ta18} and {Ta18Yb2} clusters

Chem. Commun., 2016, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/C6CC07649A, Communication

Peng Huang, Chao Qin, Yu Zhou, Yu-Mei Hong, Xinlong Wang, Zhong-Min Su
Two unprecedented polytantalotungstates (POTTs), Cs16K16Na4[Ta18P12W90(OH)6(H2O)2O360][round bullet, filled]24H2O (1), Cs26K2H2[Yb2Ta18P12W90(OH)6(H2O)16O360][round bullet, filled]52H2O (2) based on the largest {Ta18} and {Ta18Yb2} clusters, respectively, were hydrothermally synthesized. Photocatalytic study revealed that 1 and 2 exhibit significant ultraviolet...
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Two-photon fluorescence imaging of sialylated glycans in vivo based on a sialic acid imprinted conjugated polymer nanoprobe

Chem. Commun., 2016, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/C6CC08211D, Communication

Wei Zhang, Junqing Kang, Ping Li, Lu Liu, Hui Wang, Bo Tang
Sialylated glycans has been found correlate with the occurrence of diverse diseases and it has been widely used as biomarkers in clinical diagnostics. However, the approaches of accurate monitoring sialylated...
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Κυριακή 30 Οκτωβρίου 2016

A Simple and Efficient Approach to Construct Mutant Vaccinia Virus Vectors

Vaccinia virus (VV) has been widely used in biomedical research and the improvement of human health. This article describes a simple, highly efficient method to edit the VV genome using a CRISPR-Cas9 system.

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Subtyping of Campylobacter jejuni ssp. doylei Isolates Using Mass Spectrometry-based PhyloProteomics (MSPP)

Mass spectrometry-based phyloproteomics (MSPP) was used to type a collection of Campylobacter jejuni ssp. doylei isolates at the strain level in comparison to multilocus sequence typing (MLST).

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Ghostly Germs and Phantasmal Prokaryotes

index.php?option=com_jlibrary&view=artic

The spooky, crimson plate in the center was drawn using Staphylococcus aureus to write Happy Halloween and draw the ghost. The eyes and mouth of the ghost were drawn with Staphylococcus epidermidis. Since S. aureus ferments the sugar mannitol in the MSA plate, the red dissipated and a yellowis...

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MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry for rapid diagnosis of postoperative endophthalmitis

Publication date: Available online 29 October 2016
Source:Journal of Proteomics
Author(s): Adriane Mailhac, Harmonie Durand, Sandrine Boisset, Danièle Maubon, Francois Berger, Max Maurin, Christophe Chiquet, Marie Bidart
This study describes an innovative strategy for rapid detection and identification of bacteria causing endophthalmitis, combining the use of an automated blood culture system with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry methodology. Using this protocol, we could identify 96% of 45 bacterial strains isolated from vitreous samples collected in acute post-operative endophthalmitis patients.

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Unearthing Bulgakov's trace proteome from the Master i Margarita manuscript

Publication date: Available online 29 October 2016
Source:Journal of Proteomics
Author(s): Gleb Zilberstein, Uriel Maor, Emmanuil Baskin, Alfonsina D'Amato, Pier Giorgio Righetti
Ten pages, selected from a total of 127, of the last manuscript of Master i Margarita, written by Bulgakov in the last four years of his life, have been analysed in order to harvest and identify any trace proteome left on the margin by the novelist, in the hope of finding biomarkers of his fatal nephrotic syndrome. To that aim, we prepared a special ethyl-vinyl acetate film as binder of ground AG 501 Bio-Rad mix-bed strong cation/strong anion exchange resins for adsorbing any protein left on the margins of the pages via saliva and/or sweat. After eluting, digesting and interrogating the peptides by LC-MS/MS, we could identify three proteins, periostin, N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase and nephrin, reported as biomarkers of renal pathologies. Additionally a further 29 unique gene products, of saliva and skin origin, have been identified, together with two bacterial proteins. The novel method here reported could be safely applied to any other research on manuscripts stored in public libraries and repositories of the World Cultural Heritage.SignificanceThe present manuscript aims at finding proteomics traces in a 75-year old manuscript in order to confirm the health state of the author. In the case of Bulgakov it was known that he died of renal disease, possibly leaving traces and/or biomarkers of this pathology on the margins of the pages analysed. Three proteins, stated to be biomarkers of nephrotic syndrome, could be identified. In order not to contaminate the manuscript pages with resin particles, we have devised a novel harvesting film, by which strong cation and anion exchangers are embedded in ethyl-vinyl acetate foils. It is felt that this technology could be safely applied to other specimens belonging to the Word Heritage.

Graphical abstract

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The Aotus nancymaae erythrocyte proteome and its importance for biomedical research

Publication date: Available online 29 October 2016
Source:Journal of Proteomics
Author(s): D.A. Moreno-Pérez, R. García-Valiente, N. Ibarrola, A. Muro, M.A. Patarroyo
The Aotus nancymaae species has been of great importance in researching the biology and pathogenesis of malaria, particularly for studying Plasmodium molecules for including them in effective vaccines against such microorganism. In spite of the forgoing, there has been no report to date describing the biology of parasite target cells in primates or their biomedical importance. This study was thus designed to analyse A. nancymaae erythrocyte protein composition using MS data collected during a previous study aimed at characterising the Plasmodium vivax proteome and published in the pertinent literature. Most peptides identified were similar to those belonging to 1189 Homo sapiens molecules; >95% of them had orthologues in New World primates. GO terms revealed a correlation between categories having the greatest amount of proteins and vital cell function. Integral membrane molecules were also identified which could be possible receptors facilitating interaction with Plasmodium species. The A. nancymaae erythrocyte proteome is described here for the first time, as a starting point for more in-depth/extensive studies. The data reported represents a source of invaluable information for laboratories interested in carrying out basic and applied biomedical investigation studies which involve using this primate.SignificanceAn understanding of the proteomics characteristics of A. nancymaae erythrocytes represents a fascinating area for research regarding the study of the pathogenesis of malaria since these are the main target for Plasmodium invasion. However, and even though Aotus is one of the non-human primate models considered most appropriate for biomedical research, knowledge of its proteome, particularly its erythrocytes, remains unknown. According to the above and bearing in mind the lack of information about the A. nancymaae species genome and transcriptome, this study involved a search for primate proteins for comparing their MS/MS spectra with the available information for Homo sapiens. The great similarity found between the primate's molecules and those for humans supported the use of the monkeys or their cells for continuing assays involved in studying malaria. Integral membrane receptors used by Plasmodium for invading cells were also found; this required timely characterisation for evaluating their therapeutic role. The list of erythrocyte protein composition reported here represents a useful source of basic knowledge for advancing biomedical investigation in this field.

Graphical abstract

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A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF RADIUM CONTENT AND RADON EXHALATION RATE FROM SOIL SAMPLES USING ACTIVE AND PASSIVE TECHNIQUES.

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF RADIUM CONTENT AND RADON EXHALATION RATE FROM SOIL SAMPLES USING ACTIVE AND PASSIVE TECHNIQUES.

Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2016 Oct;171(2):254-256

Authors: Yadav M, Prasad M, Joshi V, Gusain GS, Ramola RC

Abstract
Soil is the most important factor affecting the radon level in the human living environments. It depends not only on uranium and thorium contents but also on the physical and chemical properties of the soil. In this paper, the measurements of radium content and mass exhalation rate of radon from the soil samples collected from Uttarkashi area of Garhwal Himalaya are presented. The correlation between radium content and radon mass exhalation rate from soil has also been obtained. The radium was measured by gamma ray spectrometry, while the mass exhalation rate of radon has been determined by both active and passive methods. The radium activity in the soil of study area was found to vary from 45±7 to 285±29 Bq kg(-1) with an average of 99 Bq kg(-1) The radon mass exhalation rate was found to vary from 0.59 × 10(-5) to 2.2 × 10(-5) Bq kg(-1) h(-1) with an average of 1.4 × 10(-5) Bq kg(-1) h(-1) by passive technique and from 0.8 × 10(-5) to 3.2 × 10(-5) Bq kg(-1) h(-1) with an average of 1.5 × 10(-5) Bq kg(-1) h(-1) by active technique. The results suggest that the measured radium value is positively correlated with the radon mass exhalation rate measured with both the active and passive techniques.

PMID: 27056143 [PubMed - in process]

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STUDY OF RADON FLUX FROM SOIL IN BUDHAKEDAR REGION USING SRM.

STUDY OF RADON FLUX FROM SOIL IN BUDHAKEDAR REGION USING SRM.

Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2016 Oct;171(2):267-270

Authors: Bourai AA, Aswal S, Kandari T, Kumar S, Joshi V, Sahoo BK, Ramola RC

Abstract
In the present study, the radon flux rate of the soil is measured using portable radon monitor (scintillation radon monitor) in the Budhakedar region of District Tehri, India. The study area falls along a fault zone named Main Central Thrust, which is relatively rich in radium-bearing minerals. Radon flux rate from the soil is one of the most important factors for the evaluation of environmental radon levels. The earlier studies in the Budhakedar region shows a high level of radon (>4000 Bq m(-3)). Hence, it is important to measure the radon flux rate. The aim of the present study is to calculate the average estimate of the surface radon flux rate as well as the effective mass exhalation rate. A positive correlation of 0.54 was found between radon flux rate and radon mass exhalation rate.

PMID: 27056141 [PubMed - in process]

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SOIL 222Rn CONCENTRATION, CO2 AND CH4 FLUX MEASUREMENTS AROUND THE JWALAMUKHI AREA OF NORTH-WEST HIMALAYAS, INDIA.

SOIL 222Rn CONCENTRATION, CO2 AND CH4 FLUX MEASUREMENTS AROUND THE JWALAMUKHI AREA OF NORTH-WEST HIMALAYAS, INDIA.

Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2016 Oct;171(2):262-266

Authors: Kumar A, Walia V, Yang TF, Fu CC, Singh S, Bajwa BS, Arora V

Abstract
Soil (222)Rn concentration, CO2 and CH4 flux measurements were conducted around the Jwalamukhi area of North-West Himalayas, India. During this study, around 37 soil gas points and flux measurements were taken with the aim to assure the suitability of this method in the study of fault zones. For this purpose, RAD 7 (Durridge, USA) was used to monitor radon concentrations, whereas portable diffuse flux meter (West Systems, Italy) was used for the CO2 and CH4 flux measurements. The recorded radon concentration varies from 6.1 to 34.5 kBq m(-3) with an average value of 16.5 kBq m(-3) The anomalous value of radon concentrations was recorded between Jwalamukhi thrust and Barsar thrust. The recorded average of CO2 and CH4 flux were 11.8 and 2.7 g m(-2) day(-1), respectively. The good correlation between anomalous CO2 flux and radon concentrations has been observed along the fault zone in the study area, suggesting that radon migration is dependent on CO2.

PMID: 27056140 [PubMed - in process]

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MEASUREMENT OF RADON, THORON AND THEIR PROGENY CONCENTRATIONS IN THE DWELLINGS OF PAURI GARHWAL, UTTARAKHAND, INDIA.

MEASUREMENT OF RADON, THORON AND THEIR PROGENY CONCENTRATIONS IN THE DWELLINGS OF PAURI GARHWAL, UTTARAKHAND, INDIA.

Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2016 Oct;171(2):234-237

Authors: Joshi V, Dutt S, Yadav M, Mishra R, Ramola RC

Abstract
It is well known that inhalation of radon, thoron and their progeny contributes more than 50 % of natural background radiation dose to human being. The time-integrated passive measurements of radon, thoron and their progeny concentrations were carried out in the dwellings of Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India. The measurements of radon and thoron concentrations were performed by LR-115 detector-based single-entry pin-hole dosemeter, while for the measurement of progeny concentrations, LR-115 deposition-based direct radon and thoron progeny sensors technique was used. The experimental techniques and results obtained are discussed in detail.

PMID: 27056139 [PubMed - in process]

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A faecal exposure assessment of farm workers in Accra, Ghana: a cross sectional study

Antwi-Agyei, P; Biran, A; Peasey, A; Bruce, J; Ensink, J; (2016) A faecal exposure assessment of farm workers in Accra, Ghana: a cross sectional study. BMC PUBLIC HEALTH , 16 (ARTN 587) 10.1186/s12889-016-3266-8 .

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The role of awareness in spatial integration

Schwarzkopf, DS; Banica, T; (2015) The role of awareness in spatial integration. PERCEPTION , 44 (4) p. 466.

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H2 fuel synthesis from water by a highly efficient and robust system

Tang, J; jiang, C; wu, J; Liu, H; H2 fuel synthesis from water by a highly efficient and robust system.

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Analysing radiative and non-radiative recombination in InAs QDs on Si for integrated laser applications

Orchard, JR; Woodhead, C; Shutts, S; Wu, J; Sobiesierski, A; Young, RJ; Beanland, R; Orchard, JR; Woodhead, C; Shutts, S; Wu, J; Sobiesierski, A; Young, RJ; Beanland, R; Liu, H; Smowton, PM; Mowbray, DJ; - view fewer (2016) Analysing radiative and non-radiative recombination in InAs QDs on Si for integrated laser applications. In: Huffaker, DL and Eisele, H and Dick, KA, (eds.) (Proceedings) Conference on Quantum Dots and Nanostructures - Growth, Characterization, and Modeling XIII. SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING

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Growth of High-Quality Self-Catalyzed Core-Shell GaAsP Nanowires on Si Substrates

Zhang, Y; Aagesen, M; Sanchez, AM; Wu, J; Beanland, R; Ward, T; Kim, D; Zhang, Y; Aagesen, M; Sanchez, AM; Wu, J; Beanland, R; Ward, T; Kim, D; Jurczak, P; Huo, S; Liu, H; - view fewer (2016) Growth of High-Quality Self-Catalyzed Core-Shell GaAsP Nanowires on Si Substrates. In: Huffaker, DL and Eisele, H and Dick, KA, (eds.) (Proceedings) Conference on Quantum Dots and Nanostructures - Growth, Characterization, and Modeling XIII. SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING

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Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease

Burns, A; (1995) Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. In: Pounder, R and Hamilton, M, (eds.) Handbook of current diagnoses and treatment. Churchill Livingstone

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Chronic renal failure

Burns, A; (1995) Chronic renal failure. In: Pounder, R and Hamilton, M, (eds.) UNSPECIFIED

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Connective tissue disease and acute renal failure

Burns, A; (2002) Connective tissue disease and acute renal failure. In: Allen, A and Glynne, P and Pusey, C, (eds.) Acute renal failure in practice. Imperial College Press

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Development of the enteric neuromuscular system

Heanue, TA; Burns, AJ; (2017) Development of the enteric neuromuscular system. In: Faure, C and Thapar, N and Di Lorenzo, C, (eds.) Pediatric Neurogastroenterology: Gastrointestinal Motility and Functional Disorders in Children. Springer International Publishing

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Developing pupils’ self-assessment in the primary classroom

Dann, R; (2012) Developing pupils' self-assessment in the primary classroom. In: Cable,, C and Eyres, I, (eds.) Primary Teaching Assistants: Curriculum in Context. (pp. 171-176). Open University press

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Transition To Mentoring: Issues in Primary Initial Teacher Education

Dann, R; (1995) Transition To Mentoring: Issues in Primary Initial Teacher Education. In: Researching School-Based Teacher Education. (pp. 59-71). Avebury: Aldershot.

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Preparation for Year 6 National Tests: Examining the Interrelationships of Teaching, Learning and Assessment

Dann, R; (1999) Preparation for Year 6 National Tests: Examining the Interrelationships of Teaching, Learning and Assessment. Education 3-13 27(2)

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Can We Improve the Reproducibility of Quantitative Multiparametric Prostate MR Imaging Metrics?

Johnston, E; Punwani, S; (2016) Can We Improve the Reproducibility of Quantitative Multiparametric Prostate MR Imaging Metrics? Radiology , 281 (2) pp. 652-653. 10.1148/radiol.2016161197 .

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) Teacher-Mentor to Teacher-Researcher

Dann, R; (1996) ) Teacher-Mentor to Teacher-Researcher. Mentoring and Tutoring Vol. 3 No. 3, March,

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Developing Pupils’ Skills in Self-Assessment

Dann, R; (1996) Developing Pupils' Skills in Self-Assessment. Primary Practice 1996 June (5)

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Development of Keap1-interactive small molecules that regulate Nrf2 transcriptional activity

Georgakopoulos, ND; Gatliff, J; Wells, G; (2016) Development of Keap1-interactive small molecules that regulate Nrf2 transcriptional activity. Current Opinion in Toxicology , 1 (C) pp. 1-8. 10.1016/j.cotox.2016.08.002 . (In press).

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A novel presenilin 1 L166H mutation in a pseudo-sporadic case of early-onset Alzheimer's disease.

Pantieri, R; Pardini, M; Cecconi, M; Dagna-Bricarelli, F; Vitali, A; Piccini, A; Russo, R; Pantieri, R; Pardini, M; Cecconi, M; Dagna-Bricarelli, F; Vitali, A; Piccini, A; Russo, R; Borghi, R; Tabaton, M; - view fewer (2005) A novel presenilin 1 L166H mutation in a pseudo-sporadic case of early-onset Alzheimer's disease. Neurol Sci , 26 (5) pp. 349-350. 10.1007/s10072-005-0499-1 .

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Integral calculus problem solving: an fMRI investigation.

Krueger, F; Spampinato, MV; Pardini, M; Pajevic, S; Wood, JN; Weiss, GH; Landgraf, S; Krueger, F; Spampinato, MV; Pardini, M; Pajevic, S; Wood, JN; Weiss, GH; Landgraf, S; Grafman, J; - view fewer (2008) Integral calculus problem solving: an fMRI investigation. Neuroreport , 19 (11) pp. 1095-1099. 10.1097/WNR.0b013e328303fd85 .

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Age-related decline in mentalizing skills across adult life span.

Pardini, M; Nichelli, PF; (2009) Age-related decline in mentalizing skills across adult life span. Exp Aging Res , 35 (1) pp. 98-106. 10.1080/03610730802545259 .

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Autologous haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation in multiple sclerosis: benefits and risks.

Capello, E; Vuolo, L; Gualandi, F; Van Lint, MT; Roccatagliata, L; Bonzano, L; Pardini, M; Capello, E; Vuolo, L; Gualandi, F; Van Lint, MT; Roccatagliata, L; Bonzano, L; Pardini, M; Uccelli, A; Mancardi, G; - view fewer (2009) Autologous haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation in multiple sclerosis: benefits and risks. Neurol Sci , 30 Sup S175-S177. 10.1007/s10072-009-0144-5 .

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The role of awareness in spatial integration

Schwarzkopf, DS; Banica, T; (2015) The role of awareness in spatial integration. PERCEPTION , 44 (4) p. 466.

http://ift.tt/2e1kVxF

H2 fuel synthesis from water by a highly efficient and robust system

Tang, J; jiang, C; wu, J; Liu, H; H2 fuel synthesis from water by a highly efficient and robust system.

http://ift.tt/2ftsUbX

Analysing radiative and non-radiative recombination in InAs QDs on Si for integrated laser applications

Growth of High-Quality Self-Catalyzed Core-Shell GaAsP Nanowires on Si Substrates

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease

Burns, A; (1995) Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. In: Pounder, R and Hamilton, M, (eds.) Handbook of current diagnoses and treatment. Churchill Livingstone

http://ift.tt/2e1oYdd

Chronic renal failure

Burns, A; (1995) Chronic renal failure. In: Pounder, R and Hamilton, M, (eds.) UNSPECIFIED

http://ift.tt/2fts9zN

Connective tissue disease and acute renal failure

Burns, A; (2002) Connective tissue disease and acute renal failure. In: Allen, A and Glynne, P and Pusey, C, (eds.) Acute renal failure in practice. Imperial College Press

http://ift.tt/2e1pg3Z

Development of the enteric neuromuscular system

Developing pupils’ self-assessment in the primary classroom

Transition To Mentoring: Issues in Primary Initial Teacher Education

Dann, R; (1995) Transition To Mentoring: Issues in Primary Initial Teacher Education. In: Researching School-Based Teacher Education. (pp. 59-71). Avebury: Aldershot.

http://ift.tt/2ftt1EG

Preparation for Year 6 National Tests: Examining the Interrelationships of Teaching, Learning and Assessment

Dann, R; (1999) Preparation for Year 6 National Tests: Examining the Interrelationships of Teaching, Learning and Assessment. Education 3-13 27(2)

http://ift.tt/2e1pfgr

Can We Improve the Reproducibility of Quantitative Multiparametric Prostate MR Imaging Metrics?

) Teacher-Mentor to Teacher-Researcher

Dann, R; (1996) ) Teacher-Mentor to Teacher-Researcher. Mentoring and Tutoring Vol. 3 No. 3, March,

http://ift.tt/2e1kP9p

Developing Pupils’ Skills in Self-Assessment

Dann, R; (1996) Developing Pupils' Skills in Self-Assessment. Primary Practice 1996 June (5)

http://ift.tt/2ftqsSL

Development of Keap1-interactive small molecules that regulate Nrf2 transcriptional activity

A faecal exposure assessment of farm workers in Accra, Ghana: a cross sectional study

A novel presenilin 1 L166H mutation in a pseudo-sporadic case of early-onset Alzheimer's disease.

Integral calculus problem solving: an fMRI investigation.

Age-related decline in mentalizing skills across adult life span.

Pardini, M; Nichelli, PF; (2009) Age-related decline in mentalizing skills across adult life span. Exp Aging Res , 35 (1) pp. 98-106. 10.1080/03610730802545259 .

http://ift.tt/2e1nLmk

Autologous haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation in multiple sclerosis: benefits and risks.

Σάββατο 29 Οκτωβρίου 2016

Risk factors for radiation failure in early-stage glottic carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Publication date: November 2016
Source:Oral Oncology, Volume 62
Author(s): Görkem Eskiizmir, Yasemin Baskın, Femin Yalçın, Hülya Ellidokuz, Robert L. Ferris
BackgroundRadiotherapy is one of the main treatment modalities for early-stage glottic carcinoma. Unfortunately, local failure may occur in a group of cases with T1-T2 glottic carcinoma. This meta-analysis sought to determine risk factors for radiation failure in patients with early-stage glottic carcinoma.MethodsA systematic and comprehensive search was performed for related studies published between 1995 and 2014. The primary end-point was 5-year local control. Data extraction and analysis were performed using the software STATA/SE 13.1 for Windows.ResultsTwenty-seven studies were eligible. A higher risk of radiation failure was demonstrated in male patients [relative risk (RR): 0.927, p<0.001] and those with low hemoglobin level (RR: 0.891, p<0.001) with a high agreement between studies (I-squared=0.0%). Moreover, T2 tumors (RR: 0.795, p<0.001), tumors with anterior commissure involvement (RR: 0.904, p<0.001), tobacco use during/after therapy (RR: 0.824, p<0.001), and "bulky" tumors (RR: 1.270, p<0.001] or tumors bigger in size (RR: 1.332, p<0.001]. Poorly differentiated tumors had a questionable risk of local failure, although a moderate to high interstudy heterogeneity was determined. A statistically significant contribution was not detected for age, presence of comorbidity, alcohol use or subglottic extension.ConclusionThis is the first meta-analysis which assessed the potential risk factors for radiation failure in patients with early-stage glottic carcinoma. Gender and pretreatment hemoglobin level are major influential factors associated with radiation failure in patients with early-stage glottic carcinoma. However, prospective, randomized clinical trials may permit better stratification of their relative contributions, and those who may benefit more from upfront surgery.

http://ift.tt/2dHCPbK

Diagnosis of HPV driven oropharyngeal cancers: Comparing p16 based algorithms with the RNAscope HPV-test

Publication date: November 2016
Source:Oral Oncology, Volume 62
Author(s): Haïtham Mirghani, Odile Casiraghi, Joanne Guerlain, Furrat Amen, Ming-Xiao He, Xiao-Jun Ma, Yuling Luo, Céline Mourareau, Françoise Drusch, Aïcha Ben Lakdhar, Antoine Melkane, Lacau St Guily, Cécile Badoual, Jean Yves Scoazec, Isabelle Borget, Anne Aupérin, Veronique Dalstein, Philippe Vielh
BackgroundAccurate identification of HPV-driven oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) is a major issue and none of the current diagnostic approaches is ideal. An in situ hybridization (ISH) assay that detects high-risk HPV E6/E7 mRNA, called the RNAscope HPV-test, has been recently developed. Studies have suggested that this assay may become a standard to define HPV-status.MethodsTo further assess this test, we compared its performance against the strategies that are used in routine clinical practice: p16 immunohistochemistry (IHC) as a single test and algorithms combining p16-IHC with HPV-DNA identification by PCR (algorithm-1) or ISH (algorithm-2).Results105 OPC specimens were analyzed. The prevalence of HPV-positive samples varied considerably: 67% for p16-IHC, 54% for algorithm-1, 61% for algorithm-2 and 59% for the RNAscope HPV-test. Discrepancies between the RNAscope HPV-test and p16-IHC, algorithm-1 and 2 were noted in respectively 13.3%, 13.1%, and 8.6%.The 4 diagnostic strategies were able to identify 2 groups with different prognosis according to HPV-status, as expected. However, the greater survival differential was observed with the RNAscope HPV-test [HR: 0.19, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.07–0.51, p=0.001] closely followed by algorithm-1 (HR: 0.23, 95% CI, 0.08–0.66, p=0.006) and algorithm-2 (HR: 0.26, 95% CI, 0.1–0.65, p=0.004). In contrast, a weaker association was found when p16-IHC was used as a single test (HR: 0.33, 95% CI, 0.13–0.81, p=0.02).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the RNAscope HPV-test and p16-based algorithms perform better that p16 alone to identify OPC that are truly driven by HPV-infection. The RNAscope HPV-test has the advantage of being a single test.

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Lateral lymph node recurrence after total thyroidectomy and central neck dissection in patients with papillary thyroid cancer without clinical evidence of lateral neck metastasis

Publication date: November 2016
Source:Oral Oncology, Volume 62
Author(s): Young Chang Lim, Lihua Liu, Jae Won Chang, Bon Seok Koo
BackgroundThis study analyzed the incidence, pattern, and predictive factors for lateral lymph node (LN) recurrence in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) without clinical evidence of lateral LN metastasis.MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed on 246 patients with PTC who underwent total thyroidectomy and central neck dissection from 2004 to 2010. None of the patients had clinical evidence of lateral LN metastasis at the time of diagnosis. Predictive factors for lateral LN recurrence were evaluated using the chi-square test. Binary logistic regression was used for the multivariate analysis. Recurrence-free survival rates were estimated by the Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression methods.ResultsOf the 246 patients, 11 (4.5%) developed lateral LN recurrence with a median follow-up of 49months. In the multivariate analysis, tumor size >1cm (odds ratio [OR], 8.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01–65.68; p=0.049) and central LN metastasis (OR, 10.59; 95% CI, 1.32–85.17; p=0.026) were independent predictive factors of lateral LN recurrence. Especially, extranodal extension of a metastatic central LN (OR, 38.82; 95% CI, 5.71–264.10; p<0.001) was an independent predictor of lateral LN recurrence.ConclusionsTumor size and central LN metastasis were independent predictors of lateral LN recurrence in patients with PTC without initial clinical lateral neck metastasis who underwent total thyroidectomy and central neck dissection. Close surveillance may be necessary for early detection of lateral LN recurrence in PTC patients with tumor size ⩾1cm, and central LN metastasis with extranodal extension.

http://ift.tt/2dZfPSy

Induction chemotherapy with docetaxel, cisplatin and fluorouracil followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy alone in locally advanced non-endemic nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Publication date: November 2016
Source:Oral Oncology, Volume 62
Author(s): Dan Ou, Pierre Blanchard, Clément El Khoury, Francesca De Felice, Caroline Even, Antonin Levy, France Nguyen, François Janot, Philippe Gorphe, Eric Deutsch, Stephane Temam, Yungan Tao
ObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy of induction chemotherapy with docetaxel, cisplatin and fluorouracil (TPF) followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (IC+CCRT) or CCRT alone in non-endemic locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients.Materials and methodsData of 106 patients with NPC treated from January 1999 to June 2012 with IC+CCRT (n=58) or CCRT alone (n=48) were retrospectively reviewed.ResultsMedian follow-up was 6.4years. Distribution of age, performance status, stage and concurrent chemotherapy regimen were imbalanced between the two groups. The 5-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were not significantly different between IC+CCRT and CCRT groups (OS: 78.3% vs. 82.7%, p=0.77; PFS: 72.5% vs. 68.2%, p=0.81, respectively). There were less total cumulative incidence of grade 3–4 late radiation morbidity in the IC+CCRT group (44.8% vs. 70.8%, p=0.01). Five-year OS for patients with post-IC complete response (CR), partial response (PR) and stable disease (SD) sub-groups were 100%, 79.4% and 60%, respectively.ConclusionCompared with CCRT alone, IC (TPF regimen)+CCRT did not improve OS or PFS in patients with NPC, but less grade 3–4 late toxicities were observed. Responsiveness of IC may provide additional prognostic information.

http://ift.tt/2frZivG

Circulating tumor stem like cells in oral squamous cell carcinoma: An unresolved paradox

Publication date: November 2016
Source:Oral Oncology, Volume 62
Author(s): Shanaya Patel, Kavan Shah, Sheefa Mirza, Kanisha Shah, Rakesh Rawal
ObjectiveCirculating tumor cells (CTCs) are increasingly gaining importance due to their immense potential in enhancing diagnosis, prognosis and response to therapy in solid malignancies. Therefore, we aimed to comprehend the molecular diversity and critical role of this disseminated tumor population in OSCC.MethodologyCD44+ subpopulation was isolated using immuno-magnetic cell separation and their purity was validated using flow cytometry. Characterisation of self renewal potential and resistance to chemotherapy was assessed using tumor sphere forming and cytotoxicity assay. Gene expression profile of pertinent CSC (CD44s, CD44v3, CD44v6) and stemness markers (Bmi1 and Nanog) was carried out in CD44+ cells using Real Time PCR. Predominantly expressed markers and their association with clinico-pathological conditions were substantiated in 30 OSCC patients.ResultFlow cytometry analysis depicted a predominant population of CD44+CD24−CD45− cells suggesting that circulating tumor cells had a subpopulation of CSC like cells in the circulation. These cells demonstrated increased sphere forming capability and intrinsic chemo-resistance compared to non-CSC, thus indicating the CSC features of self-renewal and chemo-resistance. Additionally, CD44+ cells showed significantly increased expression levels of CD44v6 and Nanog compared to CD44− cells. Clinically, expression pattern of CD44v6 and Nanog correlated with different anatomical subsites, loco-regional aggressiveness of the disease and recurrence, thus opening newer avenues that can be explored for better prognostic and therapeutic implications.ConclusionThis study explored the inevitable role of CD44v6 and Nanog as circulating stem like cell markers in assessment of loco-regional aggressiveness, detection of relapse and therapeutic response and resistance.

http://ift.tt/2dZe0VW

Effects of geographic area and socioeconomic status in Taiwan on survival rates of head and neck cancer patients after radiotherapy

Publication date: November 2016
Source:Oral Oncology, Volume 62
Author(s): Tsu-Jen Kuo, Chi-Hsiang Chu, Pei-Ling Tang, Yu-Cheng Lai

http://ift.tt/2frWw9P

Tumor necrosis factor-α did not enhance α-smooth muscle actin expression in fibroblastic cell cultures derived from healthy donors

Publication date: Available online 27 October 2016
Source:Oral Oncology
Author(s): Lucas Novaes Teixeira, Flávio de Melo Garcia, Victor Ângelo Martins Montalli, Marcelo Sperandio, Elizabeth Ferreira Martinez, Vera Cavalcanti de Araújo

http://ift.tt/2dZgfIv

Lung metastasectomy in adenoid cystic cancer: Is it worth it?

Publication date: Available online 26 October 2016
Source:Oral Oncology
Author(s): Lara Girelli, Laura Locati, Carlotta Galeone, Paolo Scanagatta, Leonardo Duranti, Lisa Licitra, Ugo Pastorino
Background and purposeAdenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of salivary glands is characterized by long-term distant metastasis, most commonly in lungs. No agreement has been reached about the role of surgical treatment of pulmonary lesions. We evaluated the long-term results of lung metastasectomy for ACC in order to identify factors that should be taken into account in selecting patients eligible for surgery and treatment planning.Patients and methodsA retrospective study was conducted on 109 patients selected from our institutional experience and from the International Registry of Lung Metastases. Survival was calculated by Kaplan-Meier estimate and prognostic factors endowed with a predictive power for most other metastatic cancers were investigated.ResultsThe cumulative survival was 66.8% at 5years and 40.5% at 10years. In patients with a disease-free interval (DFI) greater than 36months, the overall survival was 76.5% at 5years. Survival in case of complete surgical resection was 69.5% at 5years. Multivariate analysis confirmed DFI and completeness of resection resulted in the best prognostic variables.DiscussionLung metastasectomy should be considered as a therapeutic option to achieve local control of disease when 2 conditions are met: (1) complete surgical resection is feasible and (2) the time to pulmonary relapse after primary tumor treatment is greater than 36months. Symptomatic benefits of an incomplete lung resection in slow-growing tumors such as ACC remain uncertain. The turning point in the management of disseminated cancers will be clarified with biological profiling of ACC and the development of targeted therapies.

http://ift.tt/2frXAdC

Amidst the excitement: A cautionary tale of immunotherapy, pseudoprogression and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Publication date: Available online 21 October 2016
Source:Oral Oncology
Author(s): Shrujal S. Baxi, Lara A. Dunn, Barbara A. Burtness

http://ift.tt/2dZfTlr

Host and clinical aspects in patients with benign migratory glossitis

Publication date: January 2017
Source:Archives of Oral Biology, Volume 73
Author(s): Rafaela Scariot, Thiago Beltrami Dias Batista, Marcia Olandoski, Cleber Machado Souza, Paulo Henrique Couto Souza, Antonio Adilson Soares Lima, Paula Cristina Trevilatto
ObjectiveInvestigate the association of clinical, cytological and genetic characteristics with benign migratory glossitis (BMG).Study designSample consisted of 175 patients, 44 with BMG and 131 control patients. Clinical examination and DMFT index were assessed. Cytological evaluation determined cell morphology and morphometry. Genetic evaluation was performed by analysing IL6 polymorphisms by real-time PCR. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed (p<0.05).ResultsThere was a higher level of anxiety, DMFT score and a prevalence of fissured tongue in BMG group. A high mean nuclear/cytoplasmic area ratio was observed in patients with BMG. There was predominance of Papanicolaou class II I BMG group. IL6 allele G rs2069843 polymorphism was associated with BMG in the dominant model. In multivariate analysis, DMFT and anxiety scale remained associated with BMG.

http://ift.tt/2eQlY5k

Editorial Board

Publication date: November 2016
Source:European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases, Volume 133, Issue 5

http://ift.tt/2f12bjU

An unusual case of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis presenting with retropharyngeal edema

Publication date: November 2016
Source:European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases, Volume 133, Issue 5
Author(s): C.-H. Hsu, M.-Y. Wu, Y.-C. Liu, C.-S. Wong
IntroductionAcute neck swelling with pharyngeal signs often triggers emergency consultation. Treatment and diagnosis are usually multidisciplinary. Failing to find a possible etiology may lead to misdiagnosis.Case presentationA young man presented to the emergency room with a 4-day history of cough, neck swelling and sore throat. Laboratory testing showed a leukocyte count of 9200 without left shift. Mild elevated CRP with 1.7 was noted and computed tomography (CT) showed fluid accumulation in the retropharyngeal space and neck edema down to thyroid region. Antibiotic was prescribed and admitted to infection ward under the impression of deep neck infection. During hospitalization, needle aspiration was performed where water fluid was collected without pus. Investigations showed massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia and hypercholesterolemia. The early focal segmental glomerulosclerosis was found by renal biopsy. After prednisolone 60mg daily and albumin supplement, the neck swelling, swallowing pain and general edema had completely resolved.DiscussionThe purpose of this case is to raise awareness of nephrotic syndrome as an unusual but possibly cause of retropharyngeal edema. We highlight the diagnostic features that will allow the physicians to make the correct diagnosis, avoid unnecessary incision and drainage, and commence effective treatment early in the disease course.

http://ift.tt/2fik5T3

Neck tumour

Publication date: November 2016
Source:European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases, Volume 133, Issue 5
Author(s): C.A. Righini, A. Bally, L. Giraud

http://ift.tt/2f170cU

Primary epidermoid carcinoma of the lacrimal sac

Publication date: November 2016
Source:European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases, Volume 133, Issue 5
Author(s): A. El Bousaadani, R. Abada, M. Belhadji, M. Mahtar

http://ift.tt/2fihCIr

Erratum to “Head and neck adenoid cystic carcinoma: A prospective multicenter REFCOR study of 95 cases” [Eur. Ann. Otorhinolaryngol. Head Neck Dis. 133 (1) (2016) 13–7]

Publication date: Available online 26 October 2016
Source:European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases
Author(s): M. Meyers, B. Granger, P. Herman, F. Janot, R. Garrel, N. Fakhry, G. Poissonnet, A.-C. Baglin, M. Lefèvre, B. Baujat

http://ift.tt/2f16BYc

Ameloblastoma of the jaws: Management and recurrence rate

Publication date: Available online 25 October 2016
Source:European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases
Author(s): A. Laborde, R. Nicot, T. Wojcik, J. Ferri, G. Raoul
IntroductionAmeloblastoma is a rare, benign odontogenic tumour associated with a high recurrence rate. It accounts for 1% of all tumours of the jaws. The purpose of this study was to compare the ameloblastoma recurrence rate according to the type of treatment: radical or conservative.Patients and methodsAll patients with a diagnosis of ameloblastoma between 1991 and 2013 were retrospectively identified in order to extract topographic, radiological, and histological data and the type of treatment: conservative (marsupialization, enucleation, curettage) or radical (segmental resection) and to compare the recurrence rate according to the type of treatment.ResultsTwenty-seven patients were included, managed by conservative treatment (CT) in 22 cases and radical treatment (RT) in 14 cases. The recurrence rate was 90.9% in the CT group and 9.1% in the RT group (P=0.025) with a mean follow-up of 56.2 months.DiscussionThe recurrence rate after conservative treatment was higher than that after radical treatment. These results are similar to those reported in the literature. The choice of treatment must be adapted to the macroscopic and histological characteristics of each tumour and to the patient.

http://ift.tt/2figB32

Guidelines of the French Society of Otorhinolaryngology (SFORL). First-line treatment of epistaxis in adults

Publication date: Available online 24 October 2016
Source:European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases
Author(s): E. Bequignon, B. Vérillaud, L. Robard, J. Michel, V. Prulière Escabasse, L. Crampette, O. Malard
ObjectivesThe authors present the guidelines of the French Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Society (SFORL) on first-line treatment of epistaxis in adults.MethodsA multidisciplinary work-group was entrusted with a review of the scientific literature on the above topic. Guidelines were drawn up, based on the articles retrieved and the group members' individual experience. They were then read over by an editorial group independent of the work-group. The guidelines were graded as A, B, C or expert opinion, by decreasing level of evidence.ResultsIn first-line, clearing out blood-clots and bidigital compression are recommended. In case of persistent bleeding, local anesthesia with a vasoconstrictor is essential before nasal diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. When the origin of bleeding is not anterior, nasal endoscopy is an essential procedure, identifying the bleeding site in most cases. In case of active bleeding, cauterization is recommended but is only feasible if the bleeding site is clearly visible. When the bleeding site is not identifiable or the first measures failed, anterior packing may be performed by a non-specialist physician. Epistaxis requires subsequent nasal endoscopy performed by an ENT specialist. Patients should be informed of the measures to be taken in case of epistaxis at home, and the risks associated with the various treatments.

http://ift.tt/2f18OCP

Nasal NK/T-cell lymphoma: A tragic case

Publication date: Available online 24 October 2016
Source:European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases
Author(s): L. Taali, M. Abou-Elfadl, M. Fassih, M. Mahtar
IntroductionNasal NK/T-cell lymphoma is a rare clinicopathological entity, formerly called midline lethal granuloma. Following progress in histology and the routine use of immunohistochemistry, nasal NK/T-cell lymphoma was recognized as a distinct entity by WHO in 2001.Case reportThe authors report the case of a 22-year-old, insulin-dependent diabetic woman, who presented with mid-facial inflammatory swelling following facial trauma, initially diagnosed and treated as cellulitis of the face. The subsequent course was rapidly progressive and fatal, with the development of midline destructive disease. Histological examinations concluded on NK/T-cell lymphoma.DiscussionThe various differential diagnoses of NK/T-cell lymphoma include gangrenous cellulitis, invasive mycotic rhinosinusitis, Wegener's granulomatosis, actinomycosis, and facial T-cell lymphoma. The clinical presentation of this case was atypical, resulting in delayed diagnosis and treatment. Treatment is based on radiotherapy and chemotherapy, but the prognosis remains very poor even when treatment is rapidly initiated.

http://ift.tt/2fibQ9A

Guidelines of the French Society of Otorhinolaryngology (SFORL). Second-line treatment of epistaxis in adults

Publication date: Available online 17 October 2016
Source:European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases
Author(s): B. Verillaud, L. Robard, J. Michel, V. Pruliere Escabasse, E. Béquignon, L. Crampette, O. Malard
ObjectivesThe authors present the guidelines of the French Oto-Rhino-Laryngology – Head and Neck Surgery Society (Société Française d'Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie et de Chirurgie de la Face et du Cou: SFORL) on second-line treatment of epistaxis in adults, after failure of anterior and/or anterior–posterior nasal packing.MethodsA multidisciplinary work group was entrusted with a review of the scientific literature on the above topic. Guidelines were drawn up, based on the articles retrieved and the group members' individual experience. They were then read over by an editorial group independent of the work group. The final version was established in a coordination meeting. The guidelines were graded as A, B, C or expert opinion, by decreasing level of evidence.ResultsArterial embolization should be performed by an experienced interventional neuroradiologist with adequate technical facilities, to reduce the risk of complications. Cerebral and supra-aortic vessel CT angiography should be performed in case of post-traumatic epistaxis with suspected internal carotid injury. In case of persistent bleeding despite endoscopic hemostasis of the sphenopalatine artery, anterior ethmoidal artery hemostasis should be performed via a medial canthal incision, with endoscopic assistance as needed. In case of persistent epistaxis despite the usual surgical and neuroradiological procedures, surgical exploration of the sinonasal cavities should be performed, with elective coagulation in case of bleeding from secondary branches, and/or ethmoidectomy in case of diffuse bleeding. A decision-tree was drawn up for the management of second-line treatment of epistaxis.

http://ift.tt/2f12ATK

Management of chronic spontaneous urticaria in routine clinical practice: A Delphi-method questionnaire among specialists to test agreement with current European guidelines statements

Publication date: Available online 28 October 2016
Source:Allergologia et Immunopathologia
Author(s): A. Giménez-Arnau, M. Ferrer, J. Bartra, I. Jáuregui, M. Labrador-Horrillo, J. Ortiz de Frutos, J.F. Silvestre, J. Sastre, M. Velasco, A. Valero
BackgroundChronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a frequent clinical entity that often presents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge.ObjectiveTo explore the degree of agreement that exists among the experts caring for patients with CSU diagnosis, evaluation, and management.MethodsAn online survey was conducted to explore the opinions of experts in CSU, address controversial issues, and provide recommendations regarding its definition, natural history, diagnosis, and treatment. A modified Delphi method was used for the consensus.ResultsThe questionnaire was answered by 68 experts (dermatologists, allergologists, and primary care physicians). A consensus was reached on 54 of the 65 items posed (96.4%). The experts concluded that CSU is a difficult-to-control disease of unpredictable evolution. Diagnostic tests should be limited and based on clinical history and should not be indiscriminate. Autoinflammatory syndromes and urticarial vasculitis must be ruled out in the differential diagnosis. A cutaneous biopsy is only recommended when wheals last more than 24h, to rule out urticarial vasculitis. The use of specific scales to assess the severity of the disease and the quality of life is recommended. In patients with severe and resistant CSU, second-generation H1-antihistamines could be used at doses up to four times the standard dose before giving second-line treatments. Omalizumab is a safe and effective treatment for CSU that is refractory to H1-antihistamines treatment. In general, diagnosis and treatment recommendations given for adults could be extrapolated to children.ConclusionsThis work offers consensus recommendations that may be useful in the management of CSU.

http://ift.tt/2f0ZEWV

Prenatal and postnatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and allergy symptoms in city children

Publication date: Available online 25 October 2016
Source:Allergologia et Immunopathologia
Author(s): J. Jerzynska, D. Podlecka, K. Polanska, W. Hanke, I. Stelmach, W. Stelmach
BackgroundStudies indicate that exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) is associated with adverse respiratory and allergy outcomes. Exposure to PAH may impair the immune function of the foetus and, subsequently, be responsible for an increased susceptibility of children to allergic diseases.ObjectivesThe aim of the present study was to assess the association between mother's exposure to PAH during pregnancy and allergy diseases in their infants. We also assessed the above associations using measured PAH exposure in children's urine during the first two years of life.MethodsThe current analysis was restricted to 455 mothers and their children from Lodz district. The women were interviewed three times during the pregnancy in order to collect demographic, socio-economic and medical history data. Children's health status was assessed at the age of 10–18 months and repeated at two years of age. The associations between dependent dichotomous variables and urine concentrations of 1-hydroxypyrene (1-HP) were analysed using logistic regression.ResultsWe showed that higher urine concentrations of 1-HP in mothers at 20–24 weeks of pregnancy increased the risk of more frequent respiratory infections (p=0.02) in children during their first year of life. Higher 1-HP concentrations in children's urine increased the risk of food allergy (p=0.002) in children during their first two years of life.ConclusionsThis study suggests awareness of environmental factors, which may affect children's health since PAH showed to be a risk factor for airway infections and food allergy in children after adjustment for other risk factors.

http://ift.tt/2fifdgJ

Allergenicity of vertebrate tropomyosins: Challenging an immunological dogma

Publication date: Available online 24 October 2016
Source:Allergologia et Immunopathologia
Author(s): J. González-Fernández, A. Daschner, C. Cuéllar
With the exception of tilapia tropomyosin, other anecdotic reports of tropomyosin recognition of vertebrate origin are generally not accompanied by clinical significance and a dogmatic idea is generally accepted about the inexistence of allergenicity of vertebrate tropomyosins, based mainly on sequence similarity evaluations with human tropomyosins. Recently, a specific work-up of a tropomyosin sensitised patient with seafood allergy, demonstrated that the IgE-recognition of tropomyosin from different fish species can be clinically relevant. We hypothesise that some vertebrate tropomyosins could be relevant allergens. The hypothesis is based on the molecular evolution of the proteins and it was tested by in silico methods. Fish, which are primitive vertebrates, could have tropomyosins similar to those of invertebrates. If the hypothesis is confirmed, tropomyosin should be included in different allergy diagnosis tools to improve the medical protocols and management of patients with digestive or cutaneous symptoms after fish intake.

http://ift.tt/2f13Beb

Knowledge and attitudes among patients with asthma and parents and physicians towards influenza vaccination

Publication date: Available online 24 October 2016
Source:Allergologia et Immunopathologia
Author(s): A. Kaya, N. Altınel, G. Karakaya, F. Çetinkaya
BackgroundInfluenza is an infectious disease, dangerous for all people, especially for some risk groups such as patients with chronic diseases and health care workers. But most of the people under the risk of influenza, including health care workers are not immunised because of misinformation. In this study, we aimed to determine the knowledge, beliefs and attitudes of patients with allergic rhinitis and asthma and parents of such children related to influenza vaccination. Attitudes and beliefs of physicians treating these patients about influenza vaccination were also investigated.MethodsTwo different questionnaires consisting of various items related to influenza vaccine were distributed to physicians and patients and parents of children with asthma and allergic disease.ResultsThe physicians group consisted of 189 physicians from various branches. About one third of physicians from various branches reported that they did not believe the vaccine's effectiveness. Most of the participating physicians did not immunise themselves with influenza vaccination despite the fact that any patient of theirs had died due to influenza infection.Although nearly half of the 183 patients had been vaccinated with influenza vaccine, only 27% of adults and 11.7% of children had been vaccinated annually.ConclusionsAsthmatic patients are not immunised regularly with influenza vaccine due to misperceptions about vaccine effectiveness and fear of adverse effects. Another important reason of this is that most the physicians caring for these patients neither immunise themselves nor recommend the vaccine to their patients.

http://ift.tt/2fidacF

Novel AICDA mutation in a case of autosomal recessive hyper-IgM syndrome, growth hormone deficiency and autoimmunity

Publication date: Available online 24 October 2016
Source:Allergologia et Immunopathologia
Author(s): A. Fazel, S. Kashef, S. Aleyasin, S. Harsini, Z. Karamizadeh, S. Zoghi, S.K. Flores, K. Boztug, N. Rezaei
BackgroundThe Hyper-immunoglobulin M syndromes (HIGM) are a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders, which have been rarely reported to be associated with growth hormone deficiency (GHD).Methods and resultsA nine-year-old girl with recurrent urinary tract infections, diarrhoea, sinopulmonary infections, and failure to thrive since the age of six months had normal CD3+, CD4+, CD8+T lymphocytes, and CD19+B lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells, but extremely elevated IgM and significantly decreased IgG and IgA. In view of the patient's short stature, growth hormone evaluation was carried out and growth hormone deficiency established. The patient underwent Ig replacement therapy and received growth hormone therapy in addition to antibiotics and responded well. Furthermore, the patient developed benign cervical lymphadenopathy, as well as elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, positive autoantibodies to SSA-Ro, and severely dry eyes, which partially responded to both the punctate occlusion and systemic corticosteroids, at the age of seven years. Sequencing analysis of the exons from activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AICDA) gene revealed that the patient was homozygous for a single T to C transversion at position 455 in exon 4, which replaces a Valine with an Alanine.ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this is a new AICDA mutation, which has not been reported previously in HIGM. The mutation analysis could improve diagnosis of HIGM patients and also elaborating on the spectrum of AICDA mutations.

http://ift.tt/2f11iIk

Gut microbiota and allergy/asthma: From pathogenesis to new therapeutic strategies

Publication date: Available online 28 October 2016
Source:Allergologia et Immunopathologia
Author(s): Y.B. Kang, Y. Cai, H. Zhang
Asthma and atopy, classically associated with hyper-activation of the T helper 2 (Th2) arm of adaptive immunity, are among the most common chronic illnesses worldwide. Emerging evidence relates atopy and asthma to the composition and function of gut microbiota composition. Moreover, certain gut microbial strains have been shown to inhibit or attenuate immune responses associated with chronic inflammation in experimental models. Although still a relatively nascent field of research, evidence to date suggests that the gut microbiome may represent fertile targets for prevention or management of allergic asthma and other diseases in which adaptive immune dysfunction is a prominent feature. The oral probiotics/prebiotic represents a possible therapeutic for improving asthma and allergic disease. Especially, recent technological developments that permit identification of microbes and their products using culture-independent molecular detection techniques. In this review, we literaturely summarise the aggravation or improvement of metabolic diseases by role of gut microbiota, probiotics/prebiotic treatment.

http://ift.tt/2fie3ly

Variations of B cell subpopulations in peripheral blood of healthy Mexican population according to age: Relevance for diagnosis of primary immunodeficiencies

Publication date: Available online 22 October 2016
Source:Allergologia et Immunopathologia
Author(s): L. Berrón-Ruíz, G. López-Herrera, C.E. Ávalos-Martínez, C. Valenzuela-Ponce, E. Ramírez-SanJuan, G. Santoyo-Sánchez, F. Mújica Guzmán, F.J. Espinosa-Rosales, L. Santos-Argumedo
BackgroundPeripheral blood B cells include lymphocytes at various stages of differentiation, each with a specific function in the immune response. All these stages show variations in percentage and absolute number throughout human life. The numbers and proportions of B subpopulation are influenced by factors such as gender, age, ethnicity, and lifestyle. This study establishes reference values according to age of peripheral blood B cell subtypes in healthy Mexican population.MethodsPeripheral blood from healthy new-borns and adults were analysed for total B cell subpopulations, using surface markers such as CD19, IgM, IgD, CD21, CD24, CD27, and CD38, to identify naïve, memory with and without isotype switch, double-negative, transitional, and plasmablast cells.ResultsWe observed a significant variation in terms of frequency and absolute counts between all groups analysed. Values from each B cell subpopulation show variations according to age.ConclusionsIn order to attempt to elucidate reference values for B cell subpopulation, the present study evaluated a population sample of healthy blood donors from this region. Values reported here can also be used as a tool for diagnosis of diseases in which B cell maturation is affected.

http://ift.tt/2f14Ud9

Evidence in immunotherapy for paediatric respiratory allergy: Advances and recommendations

Publication date: Available online 21 October 2016
Source:Allergologia et Immunopathologia
Author(s): M. Tortajada-Girbés, M. Mesa del Castillo, H. Larramona, J.M. Lucas, M. Álvaro, A.I. Tabar, M.J. Jerez, A. Martínez-Cañavate
Allergic respiratory diseases are major health problems in paediatric population due their high level of prevalence and chronicity, and to their relevance in the costs and quality of life. One of the most important risk factors for the development of airway diseases in children and adolescents is atopy. The mainstays for the treatment of these diseases are avoiding allergens, controlling symptoms, and preventing them through sustained desensitization by allergen immunotherapy (AIT). AIT is a treatment option that consists in the administration of increasing amounts of allergens to modify the biological response to them, inducing long-term tolerance even after treatment has ended. This treatment approach has shown to decrease symptoms and improve quality of life, becoming cost effective for a large number of patients. In addition, it is considered the only treatment that can influence the natural course of the disease by targeting the cause of the allergic inflammatory response. The aim of this publication is to reflect the advances of AIT in the diagnosis and treatment of allergic respiratory diseases in children and adolescents reviewing articles published since 2000, establishing evidence categories to support the strength of the recommendations based on evidence. The first part of the article covers the prerequisite issues to understand how AIT is effective, such as the correct etiologic and clinical diagnosis of allergic respiratory diseases. Following this, the article outlines the advancements in understanding the mechanisms by which AIT achieve immune tolerance to allergens. Administration routes, treatment regimens, dose and duration, efficacy, safety, and factors associated with adherence are also reviewed. Finally, the article reviews future advances in the research of AIT.

http://ift.tt/2fiaA6C

Αρχειοθήκη ιστολογίου

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Δευτέρα 31 Οκτωβρίου 2016

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Κυριακή 30 Οκτωβρίου 2016

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Σάββατο 29 Οκτωβρίου 2016