Single-crystal and humidity-controlled powder diffraction study of the breathing effect in a metal-organic framework upon water adsorption/desorption

Chem. Commun., 2016, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/C6CC02908F, Communication

Javier Arinez, Jorge Albalad, Christian Vila-Parrondo, Javier Perez-Carvajal, Sabina Rodriguez-Hermida, Aurelio Cabeza, Jordi Juanhuix, Inhar Imaz, Daniel Maspoch
Herein we report a study on water adsorption/desorption-triggered single-crystal to single-crystal transformations in a MOF, by single-crystal and humidity-controlled powder X-ray diffraction and water-sorption measurements. We identified a gate-opening effect...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry

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Recognition-mediated Cucurbit[7]uril-Heptamolybdate Hybrid Material: A Facile Supramolecular Strategy for 99mTc Separation

Chem. Commun., 2016, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/C6CC02613C, Communication

Teena Goel, Nilotpal Barooah, Madhava Mallia, Achikanath C Bhasikuttan, Jyotirmayee Mohanty
We report the construction of a novel non-covalently held cucurbit[7]uril-heptamolybdate hybrid material for the first time, and demonstrate its application as a generator bed for the facile and efficient separation...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry

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A Decahaem Cytochrome as Electron Conduit in Protein-Enzyme Redox Processes

Chem. Commun., 2016, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/C6CC02721K, Communication

Chong-Yong Lee, Bertrand Reuillard, Katarzyna Sokol, Theodoros Laftsoglou, Colin Lockwood, "Sam Rowe, Ee Taek Hwang, Juan-Carlos Fontecilla-Camps, Lars J C Jeuken, Julea Butt, Erwin Reisner
The decahaem cytochrome MtrC from Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 was employed as a protein electron conduit between a porous indium tin oxide electrode and redox enzymes. Using a hydrogenase and a...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry

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Double C-H Amination by Consecutive SET Oxidation

Chem. Commun., 2016, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/C6CC03106D, Communication

Christopher J Evoniuk, Sean P. Hill, Kenneth Hanson, Igor Alabugin
A new method for intramolecular C-H oxidative amination is based on a FeCl3-mediated oxidative reaction of anilines with activated sp3 C-H bonds. The amino group plays multiple roles in the...
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Maternal vitamin D-restricted diet has consequences in the formation of pancreatic islet/insulin-signaling in the adult offspring of mice

Abstract

The maternal deficiency of vitamin D can act on organogenesis in mice offspring, being a risk factor for chronic diseases in adulthood. This study investigates the effects of maternal deficiency of vitamin D on structural islet remodeling and insulin-signaling pathway in the offspring. We studied male C57Bl/6 offspring at 3-month old (n = 10/group) from mother fed one of the two diets: control diet (C) or vitamin D-restricted diet (VitD⁻). After weaning, offspring only fed the control diet ad libitum. In the offspring, we studied insulin production, islet remodeling, and islet protein expression of the insulin-signaling pathway (Western blotting, isolated islet, n = 5/group). VitD⁻ offspring showed greater glycemia (P = 0.012), smaller beta-cell mass (P = 0.014), and hypoinsulinemia (P = 0.024) than C offspring. Comparing VitD⁻ offspring with C offspring, we observed lower protein levels in islet of insulin (P = 0.003), insulin receptor substrate-1 (P = 0.025), phosphatidylinositol-3-kinases (P = 0.045), 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 (P = 0.017), protein kinase B (P = 0.028), with reduced expression of pancreas/duodenum homeobox-1 (PDX-1) (P = 0.016), glucose transporter-2 (P = 0.003), and glucokinase (P = 0.045). The maternal vitamin D-restricted diet modifies the development of the pancreas of the offspring, leading to islet remodeling and altered insulin-signaling pathway. The decrease of PDX-1 is probably significant to the changes in the beta-cell mass and insulin secretion in adulthood.

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Nano/Micro-Manufacturing of Bioinspired Materials: a Review of Methods to Mimic Natural Structures

Through billions of years of evolution and natural selection, biological systems have developed strategies to achieve advantageous unification between structure and bulk properties. The discovery of these fascinating properties and phenomena has triggered increasing interest in identifying characteristics of biological materials, through modern characterization and modeling techniques. In an effort to produce better engineered materials, scientists and engineers have developed new methods and approaches to construct artificial advanced materials that resemble natural architecture and function. A brief review of typical naturally occurring materials is presented here, with a focus on chemical composition, nano-structure, and architecture. The critical mechanisms underlying their properties are summarized, with a particular emphasis on the role of material architecture. A review of recent progress on the nano/micro-manufacturing of bio-inspired hybrid materials is then presented in detail. In this case, the focus is on nacre and bone-inspired structural materials, petals and gecko foot-inspired adhesive films, lotus and mosquito eye inspired superhydrophobic materials, brittlestar and Morpho butterfly-inspired photonic structured coatings. Finally, some applications, current challenges and future directions with regard to manufacturing bio-inspired hybrid materials are provided.

A brief review of typical naturally-occurring materials is presented here, with a focus on chemical composition, nano-structure, and architecture. The critical mechanisms underlying their properties are summarized, with a particular emphasis on the role of material architecture. A review of recent progress on the nano/micro-manufacturing of bio-inspired hybrid materials is then presented in detail.

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Self-Powered Electrochemistry for the Oxidation of Organic Molecules by a Cross-Linked Triboelectric Nanogenerator

A cross-linked triboelectric nanogenerator with high performance has been designed for the first time, which harvests vibrational energy to self-power the electrochemical oxidation of organic molecules. This system lays the groundwork for applications to an environmentally friendly production of important organic molecules and the waste treatment of organic pollutants.

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Congenital Primary Essential Cutis Verticis Gyrata.

Related Articles

Congenital Primary Essential Cutis Verticis Gyrata.

Eplasty. 2016;16:ic13

Authors: Lamelas AM, Taub PJ, Silver L, Kressel A

PMID: 27141249 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Bioinformatics Applications in Life Sciences and Technologies

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Rechtliche Bedeutung medizinischer Leitlinien

Zusammenfassung

Leitlinien sind im (zahn-)medizinischen Alltag omnipräsent. Das bedeutet für den Arzt oder Zahnarzt, dass er sich zumindest überblicksartig mit ihnen beschäftigen muss. Er sollte wissen, welche rechtliche Qualität Leitlinien und Empfehlungen haben und wie sie sich in rechtlicher Hinsicht auf die medizinrechtliche Praxis auswirken. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden die praxisrelevanten Fragen erläutert.

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PIK3CA promotes proliferation and motility but is unassociated with lymph node metastasis or prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Publication date: July 2016
Source:Human Pathology, Volume 53
Author(s): Shutao Zheng, Chenchen Yang, Mang Lu, Qing Liu, Tao Liu, Fang Dai, Xiangpeng Gao, Ilyar Sheyhidin, Xiaomei Lu
The PIK3CA mutation has been extensively reported in the setting of cancers; however, the clinicopathological significance of PIK3CA expression has rarely been discussed in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. In the present study, to confirm the significance of PIK3CA expression in association with metastasis and prognosis, which has been somewhat controversial in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), the relationship between clinicopathological features of ESCC and PIK3CA expression was analyzed using immunohistochemistry with a tissue microarray. Meanwhile, as additional verification and an ethnic control, another independent small cohort of Kazakh ESCC were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. To investigate the pilot role of PIK3CA in ESCC cells, ESCC cell lines ECa109 and EC9706 were transiently transfected with specific siRNA against PIK3CA. The silencing effect was detected by Western blot. Cell proliferation was examined using the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide assay; apoptosis and the cell cycles were analyzed by flow cytometry. Furthermore, the migratory and invasive ability were evaluated by wound healing and transwell invasion assay, respectively. Expression of PIK3CA was significantly higher in ESCC than in paired normal controls and was ethnicity independent; no statistically significant difference was observed between PIK3CA expression and sex, age, depth of invasion, tumor differentiation, lymph node metastasis, or prognosis. Proliferation, migration, and invasion were all markedly reduced after knockout of PIK3CA. Moreover, the cell cycle was arrested at the S phase, and the apoptosis rate was significantly increased, suggesting that PIK3CA plays a key role in promoting the proliferation and motility of ESCC cells.



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Tumor progression in DICER1-mutated cystic nephroma—witnessing the genesis of anaplastic sarcoma of the kidney

Publication date: July 2016
Source:Human Pathology, Volume 53
Author(s): Mona K. Wu, Maura B. Cotter, Jane Pears, Michael B. McDermott, Marc R. Fabian, William D. Foulkes, Maureen J. O'Sullivan
We report a 7-month-old female infant with a multicystic left renal tumor having histologic features predominantly of a cystic nephroma, but with microscopic cellular foci which contained atypical mitotic figures and anaplastic nuclei. Immunohistochemistry showed strong p53 reactivity in the anaplastic region. DICER1 sequencing confirmed 2 mutations: germ line mutation c.2450delC and c.5438A>G somatic within the tumor. Despite an initial consideration of cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma, the presence of anaplasia ruled that possibility out, as this is not an acceptable feature for that diagnosis. Moreover, the germ line DICER1 mutation prompted consideration that this case represents a unique "nascent" anaplastic sarcoma of kidney, and further immunohistochemical workup demonstrated cytoplasmic, but no nuclear WT-1 reactivity in the cellular foci. The importance of meticulous sampling of cystic lesions is highlighted by this unprecedented case, which lends support to the recent recognition of anaplastic sarcoma of kidney as a DICER1-associated cancer.



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Current topics in glycemic control by wearable artificial pancreas or bedside artificial pancreas with closed-loop system

Abstract

The incidence of diabetes is increasing at an unprecedented pace and has become a serious health concern worldwide during the last two decades. Despite this, adequate glycemic control using an artificial pancreas has not been established, although the 21st century has seen rapid developments in this area. Herein, we review current topics in glycemic control for both the wearable artificial pancreas for type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients and the bedside artificial pancreas for surgical diabetic patients. In type 1 diabetic patients, nocturnal hypoglycemia associated with insulin therapy remains a serious problem that could be addressed by the recent development of a wearable artificial pancreas. This smart phone-like device, comprising a real-time, continuous glucose monitoring system and insulin pump system, could potentially significantly reduce nocturnal hypoglycemia compared with conventional glycemic control. Of particular interest in this space are the recent inventions of a low-glucose suspend feature in the portable systems that automatically stops insulin delivery 2 h following a glucose sensor value <70 mg/dL and a bio-hormonal pump system consisting of insulin and glucagon pumps. Perioperative tight glycemic control using a bedside artificial pancreas with the closed-loop system has also proved safe and effective for not only avoiding hypoglycemia, but also for reducing blood glucose level variability resulting in good surgical outcomes. We hope that a more sophisticated artificial pancreas with closed-loop system will now be taken up for routine use worldwide, providing enormous relief for patients suffering from uncontrolled hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, and/or variability in blood glucose concentrations.

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Establishment of a long-term spiral ganglion neuron culture with reduced glial cell number: effects of AraC on cell composition and neurons

Publication date: Available online 3 May 2016
Source:Journal of Neuroscience Methods
Author(s): Jana Schwieger, Karl-Heinz Esser, Thomas Lenarz, Verena Scheper
BackgroundSensorineural deafness is mainly caused by damage to hair cells and degeneration of the spiral ganglion neurons (SGN). Cochlear implants can functionally replace lost hair cells and stimulate the SGN electrically. The benefit from cochlear implantation depends on the number and excitability of these neurons. To identify potential therapies for SGN protection, in vitro tests are carried out on spiral ganglion cells (SGC).New methodA glial cell-reduced and neuron-enhanced culture of neonatal rat SGC under mitotic inhibition (cytarabine (AraC)) for up to seven days is presented. Serum containing and neurotrophin-enriched cultures with and without AraC-addition were analyzed after 4 and 7 days.ResultsThe total number of cells was significantly reduced, while the proportion of neurons was greatly increased by AraC-treatment. Cell type-specific labeling demonstrated that nearly all fibroblasts and most of the glial cells were removed. Neither the neuronal survival, nor the neurite outgrowth or soma diameter were negatively affected. Additionally neurites remain partly free of surrounding non-neuronal cells.Comparison with existing methodRecent culture conditions allow only for short-term cultivation of neonatal SGC and lack information on the influence of non-neuronal cells on SGN and of direct contact of neurites with test-materials.ConclusionsAraC-addition reduces the number of non-neuronal cells and increases the ratio of SGN in culture, without negative impact on neuronal viability. This treatment allows longer-term cultivation of SGC and provides deeper insight into SGN-glial cell interaction and the attachment of neurites on test-material surfaces.



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Anti-angiogenic agents in ovarian cancer: past, present, and future.

Anti-angiogenic agents in ovarian cancer: past, present, and future.

Ann Oncol. 2016 Apr;27(suppl 1):i33-i39

Authors: Monk BJ, Minion LE, Coleman RL

Abstract
Angiogenesis plays a pivotal role in normal ovarian physiology as well as in the progression of ovarian cancer through ascites formation and metastatic spread. Bevacizumab (Avastin(®), Genentech; South San Francisco, CA, USA), a humanized anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) monoclonal antibody, is the most widely studied anti-angiogenesis agent both across tumor types and specifically in epithelial ovarian cancer. In 2005, single-agent bevacizumab at 15 mg/kg (IV) every 3 weeks was first reported to be active in a case of recurrent high-grade serous ovarian cancer after failing 11th line cytotoxic treatment. Since then, many case series, phase II and phase III trials have confirmed these results leading to regulatory approval in most countries including the US Food and Drug Administration in 2014. Guidelines now give clear recommendations as to when and how bevacizumab should be integrated into the ovarian cancer treatment paradigm. Other anti-VEGF agents such as the VEGF receptor (VEGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors have not shown increased activity or reduced toxicity relative to bevacizumab. However, anti-angiogenics other than anti-VEGF/VEGFR agents such as those targeting Angiopoietin-1 and -2 are in development as well as novel combinations with vascular disrupting agents (VDAs), PARP inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Clearly, the benefits of anti-angiogenic agents such as bevacizumab must be carefully weighed against the cost and associated toxicities. Although almost all patients with ovarian cancer will receive an anti-angiogenic compound, cures are not increased. Predictive biomarkers are an urgent unmet need.

PMID: 27141068 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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IJMS, Vol. 17, Pages 670: Investigation of Ternary Mixtures Containing 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)azanide, Ethylene Carbonate and Lithium Bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)azanide

Temperature-dependent viscosity, conductivity and density data of ternary mixtures containing 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)azanide (EMIM-TFSA), ethylene carbonate (EC), and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)azanide (Li-TFSA) were determined at atmospheric pressure in the temperature range of 20 to 80 °C. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements were performed to characterize phase conditions of the mixtures in a temperature range of −120 to +100 °C. The viscosity data were fitted according to the Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann-Hesse (VFTH) equation and analyzed with the help of the fractional Walden rule. In this study, fundamental physicochemical data about the mixtures are provided and discussed as a basis for structure-property relationship calculations and for potential use of those mixtures as electrolytes for various applications.

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IJMS, Vol. 17, Pages 668: Molecular Detection of Two Potential Probiotic Lactobacilli Strains and Evaluation of Their Performance as Starter Adjuncts in Yogurt Production

A molecular method for efficient and accurate detection and identification of two potential probiotic lactobacilli strains isolated from fermented olives, namely Lactobacillus pentosus B281 and Lb. plantarum B282, was developed in the present study. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was performed, and strain specific primers were designed and applied in a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. The specificity of the assay was tested and successfully confirmed in 27 and 22 lactobacilli strains for Lb. pentosus B281 and Lb. plantarum B282, respectively. Moreover, the two strains were used as starter cultures in yogurt production. Cell enumeration followed by multiplex PCR analysis demonstrated that the two strains were present in yogurt samples at levels ≥6 log CFU/g even after 35 days of storage at 4 °C. Microbiological analysis showed that lactobacilli and streptococci were present within usual levels, whereas enterobacteriaceae and yeast/mold counts were not detected as expected. Although the pH values of the novel products were slightly lower than the control ones, the yogurt containing the probiotic cultures scored similar values compared to the control in a series of sensory tests. Overall, these results demonstrated the possible use of the two strains as starter adjuncts in the production of yogurt with potential probiotic properties.

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IJMS, Vol. 17, Pages 667: The Establishment of an Assay to Measure DNA Polymerase-Catalyzed Repair of UVB-Induced DNA Damage in Skin Cells and Screening of DNA Polymerase Enhancers from Medicinal Plants

An in vitro assay method was established to measure the activity of cellular DNA polymerases (Pols) in cultured normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) by modifying Pol inhibitor activity. Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation enhanced the activity of Pols, especially DNA repair-related Pols, in the cell extracts of NHEKs. The optimal ultraviolet B (UVB) exposure dose and culture time to upregulate Pols activity was 100 mJ/cm2 and 4-h incubation, respectively. We screened eight extracts of medicinal plants for enhancement of UVB-exposed cellular Pols activity using NHEKs, and found that rose myrtle was the strongest Pols enhancer. A Pols' enhancement compound was purified from an 80% ethanol extract of rose myrtle, and piceatannol was isolated by spectroscopic analysis. Induction of Pol activity involved synergy between UVB irradiation and rose myrtle extract and/or piceatannol. Both the extract and piceatannol reduced UVB-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer production, and prevented UVB-induced cytotoxicity. These results indicate that rose myrtle extract and piceatannol, its component, are potential photo-protective candidates for UV-induced skin damage.

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IJMS, Vol. 17, Pages 671: Minimal Functional Sites in Metalloproteins and Their Usage in Structural Bioinformatics

Metal ions play a functional role in numerous biochemical processes and cellular pathways. Indeed, about 40% of all enzymes of known 3D structure require a metal ion to be able to perform catalysis. The interactions of the metals with the macromolecular framework determine their chemical properties and reactivity. The relevant interactions involve both the coordination sphere of the metal ion and the more distant interactions of the so-called second sphere, i.e., the non-bonded interactions between the macromolecule and the residues coordinating the metal (metal ligands). The metal ligands and the residues in their close spatial proximity define what we call a minimal functional site (MFS). MFSs can be automatically extracted from the 3D structures of metal-binding biological macromolecules deposited in the Protein Data Bank (PDB). They are 3D templates that describe the local environment around a metal ion or metal cofactor and do not depend on the overall macromolecular structure. MFSs provide a different view on metal-binding proteins and nucleic acids, completely focused on the metal. Here we present different protocols and tools based upon the concept of MFS to obtain deeper insight into the structural and functional properties of metal-binding macromolecules. We also show that structure conservation of MFSs in metalloproteins relates to local sequence similarity more strongly than to overall protein similarity.

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Application of microorganisms in concrete: a promising sustainable strategy to improve concrete durability

The beneficial effect of microbially induced carbonate precipitation on building materials has been gradually disclosed in the last decade. After the first applications of on historical stones, promising results were obtained with the respect of improved durability. An extensive study then followed on the application of this environmentally friendly and compatible material on a currently widely used construction material, concrete. This review is focused on the discussion of the impact of the two main applications, bacterial surface treatment and bacteria based crack repair, on concrete durability. Special attention was paid to the choice of suitable bacteria and the metabolic pathway aiming at their functionality in concrete environment. Interactions between bacterial cells and cementitious matrix were also elaborated. Furthermore, recommendations to improve the effectiveness of bacterial treatment are provided. Limitations of current studies, updated applications and future application perspectives are shortly outlined.

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Antimicrobial susceptibility of rapidly growing mycobacteria using the rapid colorimetric method

Drug susceptibility testing (DST) of rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) are recommended for guiding the antimicrobial therapy. We have evaluated the use of resazurin in Mueller-Hinton medium (MHR) for MIC determination of RGM and compared the results with those obtained with the reference standard broth microdilution in Mueller-Hinton (MH) and with the resazurin microtiter assay (REMA) in 7H9 broth. The MIC of eight drugs: amikacin (AMI), cefoxitin (FOX), ciprofloxacin (CIP), clarithromycin (CLA), doxycycline (DOX), linezolid (LZD), moxifloxacin (MXF) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) were evaluated against 76 RGM (18 species) using three methods (MH, MHR, and REMA) in a 96-well plate format incubated at 37 A degrees C over 3-5 days. Results obtained in the MH plates were interpreted by the appearance of turbidity at the bottom of the well before adding the resazurin. MHR and 7H9-REMA plates were read by visual observation for a change in color from blue to pink. The majority of results were obtained at day 5 for MH and 1 day after for MHR and 7H9-REMA. However, the preliminary experiment on time to positivity results using the reference strain showed that the resazurin can be added to the MH at day 2 to produce the results at day 3, but future studies with large sets of strains are required to confirm this suggestion. A high level of agreement (kappa 1.000-0.884) was obtained between the MH and the MHR. Comparison of results obtained with 7H9-REMA, on the other hand, revealed several discrepancies and a lower level of agreement (kappa 1.000-0.111). The majority of the strains were resistant to DOX and TMP-SMX, and the most active antimicrobials for RGM were AMI and FOX. In the present study, MHR represented an excellent alternative for MIC determination of RGM. The results could be read reliably, more easily, and more quickly than with the classical MH method.

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New methods for the diagnosis and drug resistance detection in mycobacteria

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Toxins, Vol. 8, Pages 139: Isolation of the Binding Protein of Periplocoside E from BBMVs in Midgut of the Oriental Amyworm Mythimna separata Walker (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) through Affinity Chromatography

Periplocosides, which are insecticidal compounds isolated from the root bark of Periploca sepium Bunge, can affect the digestive system of insects. However, the mechanism though which periplocosides induces a series of symptoms remains unknown. In this study, affinity chromatography was conducted by coupling periplocoside E-semi-succinic acid ester with epoxy amino hexyl (EAH) sepharose 4B. Sodium dodecyl sulfonate-polyacrylamide gelelectrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was performed to analyze the fraction eluted by periplocoside E. Eight binding proteins (luciferin 4-monooxygenase, aminopeptidase N, aminopeptidase N3, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide health (NADH) dehydrogenase subunit 5, phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate 3-phosphatase myotubularin, actin, uncharacterized family 31 glucosidase KIAA1161, and 2OG-Fe(2) oxygenase superfamily protein) were obtained and identified through liquid chromatography/quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry (LC/Q-TOF-MS) analysis of the midgut epithelium cells of Mythimna separata larvae. Aminopeptidase N and N3 are potential putative targets of periplocosides. This study establishes the foundation for further research on the mechanism of action and target localization of periplocosides in agricultural pests.

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Four from Johns Hopkins Elected to National Academy of Sciences

Four members of the Johns Hopkins University faculty are among 84 new members and 21 foreign associates from 14 countries elected to the National Academy of Sciences in recognition of their distinguished and continuing achievements in original research.

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Profound opiate toxicity in gastroparesis following therapeutic dose

Gastroparesis is defined by the presence of delayed gastric emptying without mechanical obstruction. Patients may present with severe discomfort that can mimic an acute abdomen including abdominal pain, vomiting, nausea, bloating, fullness and early satiety. The prevalence of gastroparesis is estimated at 24 per 100 000 and women are more commonly affected than men. It is associated with a number of conditions including diabetes, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, previous abdominal surgeries and connective tissue disorders, including scleroderma and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. Drugs known to prolong gastric transit time, such as opiates, have been shown to exacerbate symptoms. We report a case of a 20-year-old woman with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome who developed respiratory depression after being administered a therapeutic dose of morphine. This occurred due to opiate toxicity confounded by gastroparesis. The patient required further support from intensive care until she recovered, and eventually underwent a gastric pacing procedure for symptomatic relief.

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Congenital imperforate hymen

Description

A 16-year-old girl was referred to our gynaecology service, reporting of cyclic pelvic pain and primary amenorrhoea. The medical history had begun 4 years earlier with pelvic pain getting worse over time, disturbing her studies. Physical examination revealed a mass of 14 weeks' gravid uterus. The patient's secondary sexual characters were well developed (breasts, pubic and underarm hair). Examination of the vulva revealed an imperforate hymen. Digital examination of the rectum perceived a tense and compressible pelvic mass. The patient weighed 55 kg and was 165 cm tall, her blood pressure was 100/50 mm Hg and rate 76 bpm, her temperature was normal, 37°C.

Transabdominal ultrasonography and MRI confirmed the diagnosis: the imperforate hymen was 3 cm thick, haematocolpos measured 12x9.5 cm and haematometra was noted (figure 1). This malformation was classified as U0.C0.V3 according to the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology classification of congenital malformations.

Figure 1

Interference reflection microscopy...

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Unusual case of respiratory embarrassment secondary to tracheal compression by a dilated oesophagus in a patient with recurrent achalasia

We present the case of a 79-year-old woman with recurrent achalasia following a laparoscopic Heller's cardiomyotomy. The patient presented to the emergency department, with epigastric pain, severe dyspnoea and profound respiratory acidosis. She required intubation and ventilation followed by gastric decompression with nasogastric tube and the administration of intravenous antibiotics for a lower respiratory tract infection. Once stable, she underwent a CT scan revealing a massively dilated oesophagus causing marked tracheal compression. She received a period of continuous positive airway pressure ventilation while on the intensive care unit, for persistent low saturations, however, this was promptly ceased due to exacerbation of gastric dilation and fears over perforation. The patient responded well to conservative measures and was discharged home 18 days later awaiting follow-up with operating consultant surgeon.

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Large saddle embolus during cancer therapy

Description

A 67-year-old non-smoking man with stage IV (T2N2cM0) p16-positive squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue, undergoing curative-intent hypofractionated radiation as part of a clinical trial, uneventfully received his fourth dose of weekly cisplatin 30 mg/m². Later, he developed sudden onset of diaphoresis and experienced a near-syncope while waiting in his car outside the University Hospital. He spontaneously recovered and decided to drive home. On arriving home, he collapsed inside his doorway. He awoke on the floor, gasping for air. Emergency medical assistance transported him to a local emergency department, where he endorsed chest pain, left leg pain and shortness of breath. Vital signs on presentation showed a blood pressure of 84/65 mm Hg; his pulse was 121 bpm and pulse oximetry 93% saturation on room air. Physical examination was otherwise unremarkable. CT of the chest revealed a massive saddle pulmonary embolus and bilateral subsegmental pulmonary emboli (figure 1). The...

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Fatal disseminated varicella zoster infection following zoster vaccination in an immunocompromised patient

A 79-year-old man with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia presented with fever and a widespread vesicular rash on 19 November 2014. The patient had not been under immunosuppressive regime for 6 months. He had received a shingles vaccine on 14th October and developed flu-like symptoms after 2 weeks. Intravenous antimicrobial therapy including aciclovir was started. He remained stable with no evidence of systemic involvement. On day 5, he developed respiratory and renal failure that required transfer to intensive care unit. Vesicle fluid, bronchoalveolar lavage and plasma were positive for varicella zoster virus by PCR. Slight clinical improvement allowed extubation on day 16. He subsequently deteriorated and died on day 25. Multiorgan failure was considered the immediate cause of death whereas disseminated varicella zoster infection was stated in the medical certificate as the other condition leading to this outcome. Varicella zoster Oka vaccine strain was detected in vesicle fluid, using PCR.

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DaTscan: Parkinson's Disease

 DaTscan used to visualize dopamine degeneration in the nigro-striatum associated with Parkinsonian Syndrome. This uses 123I Ioflupane to bind to the DAT in the striatum and then SPECT visualizes the amount of transporter present. 

 Normal pattern is homogeneous symmetrical comma type pattern in the striatal nuclei.

Reference : Seifert KD, Wiener JI. The impact of DaTscan on the diagnosis and management of movement disorders: A retrospective study. American Journal of Neurodegenerative Disease. 2013;2(1):29-34.

Famous Radiology Blog http://ift.tt/1MM2hKr TeleRad Providers at http://ift.tt/1NgppuI Mail us at sales@teleradproviders.com

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Holding the Inflammatory System in Check: TLRs and Their Targeted Therapy in Asthma

Inflammation is a complex biological response to detrimental stimuli and can be a double-edged sword. Inflammation plays a protective role in removing pathogenic factors, but dysregulated inflammation is associated with several major fatal diseases such as asthma, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. Asthma is a complex heterogenous disease caused by genetic and environmental factors. TLRs are the primary proteins associated with the innate and adaptive immune responses to these fatal factors and play an important role in recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which initiates the downstream immune response. Due to the complex TLRs cascade and nowadays unsuccessful control in asthma, new studies are focused on TLRs and other potential targets in TLR cascade to minimize airway inflammation.

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Percutaneous use of a dual lumen Scepter XC balloon for embolization of a complex facial arteriovenous malformation: a technical report

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Trivalent influenza vaccine adverse symptoms analysis based on MedDRA terminology using VAERS data in 2011

Background: Trivalent Influenza Virus Vaccine (FLU3) is a traditional flu vaccine to protect people against three different flu viruses, including influenza A H1N1 virus, an influenza A H3N2 virus and one B virus. Methods: We searched Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) for US reports after FLU3 vaccination in the year of 2011. We conducted descriptive analyses on symptoms from serious reports (i.e., death, life-threatening illness, hospitalization, prolonged hospitalization, or permanent disability). We then further grouped these symptoms to the System Organ Classes (SOC) based on the MedDRA Terminology using NCBO Web Services. We fitted zero-truncated Poisson regression models to estimate the average number of symptoms per subject and compared it across different age groups and between genders. In addition, we compared the risk of occurrence for an SOC across different age groups and between genders by using logistic regression models. Finally, we constructed the pairwise correlation matrix of the SOCs by calculating Spearman's rank correlation coefficients. Results: We identified 638 unique serious FLU3 reports from year 2011. There are 1410 unique symptoms from these reports. Descriptive statistics shows that the most common symptom and symptom pair are Pyrexia and Guillain-Barre syndrome – Hypoesthesia respectively. The estimated average number of symptoms per subject in the study cohort is 8.74 (95 % CI 6.76, 10.73). There are statistically significant differences in number of symptoms among four age groups and between genders. Age category and gender are significantly associated with several individual SOCs. Pairwise correlation matrix shows that "Endocrine disorders" and "Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)" are strongly correlated. Conclusions: This paper reports a novel method that combining statistical analyses with terminology grouping using VAERS data. The analyses revealed differences of reactions among different age groups and between genders and correlation on both symptoms and System Organ Class level independently. The results may lead to additional studies to uncover factors contributing to the individual differences in susceptibility to influenza infection. This method can also be applied to other vaccine types and conduct similar analysis.

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Modularising ontology and designing inference patterns to personalise health condition assessment: the case of obesity

Background: The public health initiatives for obesity prevention are increasingly exploiting the advantages of smart technologies that can register various kinds of data related to physical, physiological, and behavioural conditions. Since individual features and habits vary among people, the design of appropriate intervention strategies for motivating changes in behavioural patterns towards a healthy lifestyle requires the interpretation and integration of collected information, while considering individual profiles in a personalised manner. The ontology-based modelling is recognised as a promising approach in facing the interoperability and integration of heterogeneous information related to characterisation of personal profiles. Results: The presented ontology captures individual profiles across several obesity-related knowledge-domains structured into dedicated modules in order to support inference about health condition, physical features, behavioural habits associated with a person, and relevant changes over time. The modularisation strategy is designed to facilitate ontology development, maintenance, and reuse. The domain-specific modules formalised in the Web Ontology Language (OWL) integrate the domain-specific sets of rules formalised in the Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL). The inference rules follow a modelling pattern designed to support personalised assessment of health condition as age- and gender-specific. The test cases exemplify a personalised assessment of the obesity-related health conditions for the population of teenagers. Conclusion: The paper addresses several issues concerning the modelling of normative concepts related to obesity and depicts how the public health concern impacts classification of teenagers according to their phenotypes. The modelling choices regarding the ontology-structure are explained in the context of the modelling goal to integrate multiple knowledge-domains and support reasoning about the individual changes over time. The presented modularisation pattern enhances reusability of the domain-specific modules across various health care domains.

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Study protocol: Mother and Infant Nutritional Assessment (MINA) cohort study in Qatar and Lebanon

Background: The Middle East and North Africa region harbors significant proportions of stunting and wasting coupled with surging rates of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Recent evidence identified nutrition during the first 1000 days of life as a common denominator not only for optimal growth but also for curbing the risk of NCDs later in life. The main objective of this manuscript is to describe the protocol of the first cohort in the region to investigate the association of nutrition imbalances early in life with birth outcomes, growth patterns, as well as early determinants of non-communicable diseases. More specifically the cohort aims to1) examine the effects of maternal and early child nutrition and lifestyle characteristics on birth outcomes and growth patterns and 2) develop evidence-based nutrition and lifestyle guidelines for pregnant women and young children.Methods/designA multidisciplinary team of researchers was established from governmental and private academic and health sectors in Lebanon and Qatar to launch the Mother and Infant Nutritional Assessment 3-year cohort study. Pregnant women (n = 250 from Beirut, n = 250 from Doha) in their first trimester are recruited from healthcare centers in Beirut, Lebanon and Doha, Qatar. Participants are interviewed three times during pregnancy (once every trimester) and seven times at and after delivery (when the child is 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 months old). Delivery and birth data is obtained from hospital records. Data collection includes maternal socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics, dietary intake, anthropometric measurements, and household food security data. For biochemical assessment of various indicators of nutritional status, a blood sample is obtained from women during their first trimester. Breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices, dietary intake, as well as anthropometric measurements of children are also examined. The Delphi technique will be used for the development of the nutrition and lifestyle guidelines.DiscussionThe Mother and Infant Nutritional Assessment study protocol provides a model for collaborations between countries of different socio-economic levels within the same region to improve research efficiency in the field of early nutrition thus potentially leading to healthier pregnancies, mothers, infants, and children.

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[The German Society of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery award winners 2015].

[The German Society of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery award winners 2015].

HNO. 2016 May 2;

Authors: Plontke SK

PMID: 27138368 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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[12 years of Computer-Aided Surgery around the Head : Developments in surgical planning and simulation from a Bern perspective].

[12 years of Computer-Aided Surgery around the Head : Developments in surgical planning and simulation from a Bern perspective].

HNO. 2016 May 2;

Authors: Wimmer W, Gerber N, Weber S, Nolte LP, Caversaccio M

Abstract
Over the past years, the multidisciplinary character of the international Computer-Aided Surgery around the Head (CAS-H) symposium has advanced many medical technologies, which were often adopted by industry. In Bern, the synergetic effects of the CAS-H symposium have enabled many experiences and developments in the area of computer-aided surgery. Planning and simulation methods in the areas of craniomaxillofacial surgery and otorhinolaryngology were developed and tested in clinical settings. In the future, further CAS-H symposia should follow, in order to promote the possibilities and applications of computer-assisted surgery around the head.

PMID: 27138367 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Engineering protein interfaces yields ferritin disassembly and reassembly under benign experimental conditions

Chem. Commun., 2016, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/C6CC03108K, Communication

Hai Chen, Shengli Zhang, Chuanshan Xu, Guanghua Zhao
Ferritin nanocages are promising platforms for drug encapsulation. However, extreme conditions (pH [less-than-or-equal] 2) required for dissociation limit their application. Here, we engineered protein interfaces to yield ferritin nanocages which...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry

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Transoral robotic supraglottic partial laryngectomy: report of the first Brazilian case

Publication date: Available online 3 May 2016
Source:Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
Author(s): Claudio Roberto Cernea, Leandro Luongo de Matos, Dorival de Carlucci Junior, Fernando Danelon Leonhardt, Leonardo Haddad, Fernando Walder




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Prevalence of dizziness in the population of Minas Gerais, Brazil and its association with demographic and socioeconomic characteristics and health status

Publication date: Available online 3 May 2016
Source:Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
Author(s): Tiago Ferreira Martins, Patrícia Cotta Mancini, Luiza de Marilac de Souza, Juliana Nunes Santos
IntroductionThe state of Minas Gerais, Brazil has no data on the prevalence of dizziness in the population and this information can be fundamental as the basis of public health policies, promotion, prevention and rehabilitation campaigns.ObjectiveInvestigate the prevalence of the symptom of dizziness in the population of Minas Gerais according to Sample Survey of Households, as well as describe the profile of interviewed individuals and the association between dizziness and socioeconomic, demographic features and health status.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional observational study that analyzed individuals with dizziness symptom reported in the previous month. The data entered in the Sample Survey of Households of 2011 were analyzed. An independent statistical association was determined between the selected variables and dizziness through multivariate analysis.ResultsDizziness was the third major complaint among individuals who mentioned any health problems in the previous month, with an estimated population of 209,025 individuals and reported by 6.7% of symptomatic ones, with higher prevalence values only reported for the symptoms of fever and headache. Among individuals who reported dizziness, 94% were adults or elderly (p≤0.001) and 63% were females (p=0.003). A statistically significant association (p<0.001) was observed between the response variable and the variables: self-perceived health, hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, depression, seeking or requiring medical or health care in the previous month and private health care plan or insurance. Among individuals with dizziness, 84.2% sought or required medical or health care and 80.1% did not have a private health plan or insurance in the assessed period.ConclusionThe dizziness symptom was highly prevalent in the population of Minas Gerais during the assessed month of the investigation. Dizziness was prevalent in adults and the elderly and showed a statistical association with socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, as well as the assessed health status.



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Characteristics of 419 patients with acquired middle ear cholesteatoma

Publication date: Available online 3 May 2016
Source:Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
Author(s): Letícia Petersen Schmidt Rosito, Maurício Noschang Lopes da Silva, Fábio André Selaimen, Yuri Petermann Jung, Marcos Guilherme Tibes Pauletti, Larissa Petermann Jung, Luiza Alexi Freitas, Sady Selaimen da Costa
IntroductionCholesteatoma is a destructive lesion that can result in life-threatening complications. Typically, it presents with hypoacusis and continuous otorrhea as symptoms. Because it is a rare disease, there are few studies in Brazil describing the characteristics of patients with the disease. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of cholesteatoma in patients with chronic otitis media and describe clinical, audiological and surgical characteristics of patients with acquired middle ear cholesteatoma treated at a referral hospital in the public health system.MethodsCross-sectional and prospective cohort study, including 1710 patients with chronic otitis media, treated between August 2000 and June 2015, without prior surgery. Detailed clinical history, videotoscopy, and audiometry were performed, in addition to review of medical records to search for surgical data. Cholesteatomas were classified according to their route of formation.ResultsOf the patients with chronic otitis media, 419 (24.5%) had cholesteatoma; mean age of 34.49 years; 53.5% female and 63.8% adults. Bilateral cholesteatoma was observed in 17.1%. Anterior epitympanic cholesteatoma corresponded to 1.9%; posterior epitympanic, 32.9%; posterior mesotympanic, 33.7%; two routes, 14.8%; and indeterminate, 16.7%. The mean air-bone gap was 29.84dB and did not differ between routes of formation. There were no correlations between gap size and patient age or duration of symptoms. Of the surgical cases, 16.8% underwent closed tympanomastoidectomy and 75.2% open tympanomastoidectomy.ConclusionThe prevalence of cholesteatoma in patients with chronic otitis media was 24.5% and it was more common in adults than in children. Posterior mesotympanic cholesteatoma was more frequent, with no difference in mean air-bone gap between the different routes of formation. In patients undergoing surgery, open tympanomastoidectomy was the procedure most frequently chosen.



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Aerosol transport from Chiang Mai, Thailand to Mt. Lulin, Taiwan – Implication of aerosol aging during long-range transport

Publication date: July 2016
Source:Atmospheric Environment, Volume 137
Author(s): Ming-Tung Chuang, Chung-Te Lee, Charles C.-K. Chou, Guenter Engling, Shih-Yu Chang, Shuenn-Chin Chang, Guey-Rong Sheu, Neng-Huei Lin, Khajornsak Sopajaree, You-Jia Chang, Guo-Jun Hong
The transport of biomass burning (BB) aerosol from Indochina may cause a potential effect on climate change in Southeast Asia, East Asia, and the Western Pacific. Up to now, the understanding of BB aerosol composition modification during long-range transport (LRT) is still very limited due to the lack of observational data. In this study, atmospheric aerosols were collected at the Suthep/Doi Ang Khang (DAK) mountain sites in Chiang Mai, Thailand and the Lulin Atmospheric Background Station (Mt. Lulin) in central Taiwan from March to April 2010 and from February to April 2013, respectively. During the study period, an upwind and downwind relationship between the Suthep/DAK and Lulin sites (2400 km apart) was validated by backward trajectories. Comprehensive aerosol properties were resolved for PM2.5 water-soluble inorganic ions, carbonaceous content, water-soluble/insoluble organic carbon (WSOC/WIOC), dicarboxylic acids and their salts (DCAS), and anhydrosugars. A Modification Factor (MF) is proposed by employing non-sea-salt potassium ion (nss-K⁺) or fractionalized elemental carbon evolved at 580 °C after pyrolized OC correction (EC1-OP) as a BB aerosol tracer to evaluate the mass fraction changes of aerosol components from source to receptor regions during LRT. The MF values of nss-SO4²⁻, NH4⁺, NO3⁻, OC1 (fractionalized organic carbon evolved from room temperature to 140 °C), OP (pyrolized OC fraction), DCAS, and WSOC were above unity, which indicated that these aerosol components were enhanced during LRT as compared with those in the near-source region. In contrast, the MF values of anhydrosugars ranged from 0.1 to 0.3, indicating anhydrosugars have degraded during LRT.



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The impact of management and climate on soil nitric oxide fluxes from arable land in the Southern Ukraine

Publication date: July 2016
Source:Atmospheric Environment, Volume 137
Author(s): Sergiy Medinets, Rainer Gasche, Ute Skiba, Volodymyr Medinets, Klaus Butterbach-Bahl
NO fluxes from soils are a significant source for tropospheric NOx, though global and regional estimates of the soil source strength are constrained by the paucity of measurements. In a continuous 18 month effort (2012–2014) soil NO fluxes from an intensively managed arable site in the black soil region of the Southern Ukraine (Odessa region) were measured using an automated dynamic chamber system. Measurements revealed three periods of peak NO emissions (fertigation, re-wetting of soils, and to a lower extend during winter), with a pulse emission peak during soil re-wetting in summer of 88.4 μg N m⁻² h⁻¹. The mean annual NO flux was 5.1 ± 8.9 μg N m⁻² h⁻¹ and total annual NO emissions were 0.44 ± 0.78 kg N ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹. The fertilizer induced emission factor for NO was 0.63% under beetroot. The combined effect of soil temperature, soil moisture and soil DIN (NH4⁺ and NO3⁻) concentrations were identified as drivers of the temporal and spatial variability of soil NO fluxes. This work shows that long-term measurements are needed for estimating annual fluxes and the importance of soils as a source for tropospheric NOx as the contribution of different seasons and crop growing periods to the annual budget differed markedly.



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Correlation between muscle electrophysiology and strength after fibular nerve injury

Abstract

Muscle strength measurement is important when evaluating the degree of impairment in patients with nerve injury. However, accurate and objective evaluation may be difficult in patients with severe pain or those who intentionally try to avoid full exertion. We investigated the usefulness of the affected-to-unaffected side electrophysiological parameter ratios as a measure of objective ankle dorsiflexion (ADF) strength in patients with unilateral fibular nerve injury (FNI). ADF strength was measured in patients with FNI via handheld dynamometer and manual muscle test (MMT). Fibular nerve compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitude and latency and ADF strength of the affected side were presented as ratios to the corresponding measurements of the unaffected side. We analysed the correlation of the CMAP ratio with the ADF strength ratio using a dynamometer and compared the CMAP ratios according to MMT grade. Fifty-two patients with FNI were enrolled. The mean CMAP latency ratio did not differ between MMT groups (p = 0.573). The CMAP amplitude ratio proportionally increased with the quantified ADF strength ratio via dynamometer increase (ρ = 0.790; p < 0.001), but the CMAP latency ratio and the quantified ADF strength ratio did not significantly correlate (ρ = 0.052; p = 0.713). The average CMAP amplitude ratio significantly differed between MMT groups (p < 0.001), and post hoc tests showed significant differences in all paired comparisons except of Fair and Good grades (p = 0.064). Electrophysiological parameter ratio, such as the affected-to-unaffected side CMAP amplitude ratio, might be sensitive parameters for ADF power estimation after FNI.

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A novel oxidative stress marker in migraine patients: dynamic thiol–disulphide homeostasis

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate dynamic thiol–disulphide homeostasis as a novel oxidative stress parameter in migraine patients. A total of 115 participants were included in the study, and 63 of whom were diagnosed with migraine. The total thiol (–SH+–S-S–) and native thiol (–SH) levels in the serum were measured in all patients and healthy individuals. The dynamic disulphide bond (–S-S–) and (–S-S–) × 100/(–SH), (–S-S–) × 100/(–SH+–S-S–), and –SH × 100/(–SH+–S-S–) ratios were calculated from these values. The total and native thiol levels of migraine patients participating in the study were found to be significantly higher than the total and native thiol levels of healthy individuals. No statistically significant difference was determined in terms of the dynamic disulphide bond amounts or (–S-S–) × 100/(–SH), (–S-S–) × 100/(–SH+–S-S–), and –SH × 100/(–SH+–S-S–) ratios. The total thiol, native thiol, and dynamic disulphide bond levels, and (–S-S–) × 100/(–SH), (–S-S–) × 100/(–SH+–S-S–), and –SH × 100/(–SH+–S-S–) ratios were not correlated with attack frequency, pain intensity, or migraine type. Oxidative stress is considered to be one of the molecular changes underlying the pathogenesis of migraine.

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Veranstaltungen.

Veranstaltungen.

Laryngorhinootologie. 2016 May;95(5):370-372

Authors:

PMID: 27138782 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Tinnitus.

Tinnitus.

Laryngorhinootologie. 2016 May;95(5):348

Authors:

PMID: 27138781 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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The Politics Underlying the Provision of and Changes in Pathology and Laboratory Services in the United States During the Roaring Twenties.

The Politics Underlying the Provision of and Changes in Pathology and Laboratory Services in the United States During the Roaring Twenties.

Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2016 May 3;

Authors: Wright JR

Abstract
Context .- Prior to 1900, laboratory tests were simple enough to be performed by clinicians on the wards and most pathologists were academicians with little involvement in patient care issues. In the next 2 decades, laboratory test menus expanded rapidly and the increasing complexity of the tests created a potential niche for clinical pathologists (ie, pathologists providing patient-oriented anatomic and clinical pathology services). In the late 1910s and early 1920s, most of these services were provided by mail-order commercial laboratories or state public health laboratories rather than by hospital-based pathologists. Objective .- To describe the political events in the 1920s that would drastically alter the practice of pathology and laboratory medicine and that would have been important to the discipline at the time the Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine was being conceived and first published. Design .- Available primary and secondary historical sources were reviewed. Results .- In the 1920s, clinical pathologists organized, forming the American Society of Clinical Pathologists, and took on the powerful American Medical Association for permitting advertisements by private laboratories in the pages of the Journal of the American Medical Association that listed test prices as if these were commodities. They found a strong partner in the American College of Surgeons, which was attempting to elevate surgical practice by creating minimum standards for hospitals. Through this symbiotic relationship, hospital-based practice was firmly established and the commercial laboratory model faltered. Conclusions .- The Roaring Twenties was the time when the practice of pathology and laboratory medicine evolved into what we recognize today.

PMID: 27139153 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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The Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine: The Most Widely Read Pathology Journal Today.

The Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine: The Most Widely Read Pathology Journal Today.

Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2016 May 3;

Authors: Allen TC

Abstract
The Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine was first published in 1926 as a subspecialty journal of the American Medical Association. It became the official journal of the College of American Pathologists in 1995. Under the dynamic leadership of its most recent editor-in-chief, Philip T. Cagle, MD, and his vibrant editorial board, the Archives has nearly doubled its impact factor and become the most widely read general pathology journal today. Dr Cagle has consistently added leading pathologists to the editorial board, and the collective expertise of these individuals is clearly evident in new, cutting-edge journal masthead sections. The Archives has featured innovative content in the field of digital pathology, including articles on the utilization of smart phones in pathology and incorporation of whole-slide images and videos into the content of articles. Special sections have characterized the Archives during the current editorial board's tenure and have proven immensely popular with the journal's readership. As the Archives celebrates its 90th anniversary, its editorial board remains committed to providing insightful and relevant medical knowledge. The journal's open access Web site ( http://ift.tt/24q0SBA ) allows the dissemination of this knowledge to every corner of the globe at no expense to those who wish to be educated or improve their medical practice.

PMID: 27139152 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Licensure in the Era of Genomic Medicine.

Licensure in the Era of Genomic Medicine.

Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2016 May 3;

Authors: Park JY, Leung ST, Wang J

PMID: 27139151 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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