Αρχειοθήκη ιστολογίου

Δευτέρα 24 Οκτωβρίου 2016

Photochemical CO2 reduction using structurally controlled g-C3N4

Walsh, JJ; Jiang, C; Tang, J; Cowan, AJ; (2016) Photochemical CO2 reduction using structurally controlled g-C3N4. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics , 18 (36) pp. 24825-24829. 10.1039/c6cp04525a .

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Girls in the UK have similar reasons to boys for intending to study mathematics post-16 thanks to the support and encouragement they receive

Mujtaba, T; Reiss, MJ; (2016) Girls in the UK have similar reasons to boys for intending to study mathematics post-16 thanks to the support and encouragement they receive. London Review of Education , 14 (2) pp. 66-82. 10.18546/LRE.14.2.05 . Green open access

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Controllable Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles in Aqueous Solution by Microwave Assisted Flow Chemistry

Tang, J; Bayazit, M; Yue, J; Cao, E; Gavriilidis, A; (2016) Controllable Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles in Aqueous Solution by Microwave Assisted Flow Chemistry. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b01149 . (In press).

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Transitional Behaviors in Well-Graded Coarse Granular Soils

Xiao, Y; Coop, MR; Liu, H; Liu, H; Jiang, J; (2016) Transitional Behaviors in Well-Graded Coarse Granular Soils. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering , Article 06016018. 10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0001551 . (In press). Green open access

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‘‘Promoting Early Presentation’’ intervention sustains increased breast cancer awareness in older women for three years: A randomized controlled trial

Kaushal, A; Ramirez, AJ; Warburton, F; Forster, AS; Linsell, L; Burgess, C; Tucker, L; Kaushal, A; Ramirez, AJ; Warburton, F; Forster, AS; Linsell, L; Burgess, C; Tucker, L; Omar, L; Forbes, LJL; - view fewer (2016) ''Promoting Early Presentation'' intervention sustains increased breast cancer awareness in older women for three years: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Medical Screening 10.1177/0969141316667408 . (In press). Green open access

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Alternative educational provision in an area of deprivation in London

Cajic-Seigneur, M; Hodgson, EA; (2016) Alternative educational provision in an area of deprivation in London. London Review of Education , 14 (2) pp. 25-37. 10.18546/LRE.14.2.03 . Green open access

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Work-family life courses and BMI trajectories in three British birth cohorts

Lacey, RE; Sacker, A; Bell, S; Kumari, M; Worts, D; McDonough, P; Kuh, D; Lacey, RE; Sacker, A; Bell, S; Kumari, M; Worts, D; McDonough, P; Kuh, D; McMunn, A; - view fewer (2016) Work-family life courses and BMI trajectories in three British birth cohorts. International Journal of Obesity (In press).

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Using design-based research to improve the lesson study approach to professional development in Camden (London)

Brown, C; Taylor, C; Ponambalum, L; (2016) Using design-based research to improve the lesson study approach to professional development in Camden (London). London Review of Education , 14 (2) pp. 4-24. 10.18546/LRE.14.2.02 . Green open access

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Stuttering Patterns in Japanese and English Preschool-Aged and School-Aged Children —as a Progress Report—

Smith, M; Howell, P; (2013) Stuttering Patterns in Japanese and English Preschool-Aged and School-Aged Children —as a Progress Report—. Journal of the Phonetic Society of Japan , 17 (2) pp. 83-89. Green open access

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Education in London: Challenges and opportunities for young people

Mujtaba, T; (2016) Education in London: Challenges and opportunities for young people. London Review of Education , 14 (2) pp. 1-3. 10.18546/LRE.14.2.01 . Green open access

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Composition measurement of epitaxial ScxGa1-xN films

Tsui, HCL; Goff, LE; Barradas, NP; Alves, E; Pereira, S; Palgrave, RG; Davies, RJ; Tsui, HCL; Goff, LE; Barradas, NP; Alves, E; Pereira, S; Palgrave, RG; Davies, RJ; Beere, HE; Farrer, I; Ritchie, DA; Moram, MA; - view fewer (2016) Composition measurement of epitaxial ScxGa1-xN films. Semiconductor Science and Technology , 31 (6) , Article 064002. 10.1088/0268-1242/31/6/064002 .

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Issue Information - Editorial Board



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Announcement



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Forthcoming Events



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Issue Information - TOC



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Photochemical CO2 reduction using structurally controlled g-C3N4

Walsh, JJ; Jiang, C; Tang, J; Cowan, AJ; (2016) Photochemical CO2 reduction using structurally controlled g-C3N4. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics , 18 (36) pp. 24825-24829. 10.1039/c6cp04525a .

http://ift.tt/2emUBlE

Girls in the UK have similar reasons to boys for intending to study mathematics post-16 thanks to the support and encouragement they receive

Mujtaba, T; Reiss, MJ; (2016) Girls in the UK have similar reasons to boys for intending to study mathematics post-16 thanks to the support and encouragement they receive. London Review of Education , 14 (2) pp. 66-82. 10.18546/LRE.14.2.05 . Green open access

http://ift.tt/2eK7GDA

Controllable Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles in Aqueous Solution by Microwave Assisted Flow Chemistry

Tang, J; Bayazit, M; Yue, J; Cao, E; Gavriilidis, A; (2016) Controllable Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles in Aqueous Solution by Microwave Assisted Flow Chemistry. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b01149 . (In press).

http://ift.tt/2emWLS8

Transitional Behaviors in Well-Graded Coarse Granular Soils

Xiao, Y; Coop, MR; Liu, H; Liu, H; Jiang, J; (2016) Transitional Behaviors in Well-Graded Coarse Granular Soils. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering , Article 06016018. 10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0001551 . (In press). Green open access

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‘‘Promoting Early Presentation’’ intervention sustains increased breast cancer awareness in older women for three years: A randomized controlled trial

Kaushal, A; Ramirez, AJ; Warburton, F; Forster, AS; Linsell, L; Burgess, C; Tucker, L; Kaushal, A; Ramirez, AJ; Warburton, F; Forster, AS; Linsell, L; Burgess, C; Tucker, L; Omar, L; Forbes, LJL; - view fewer (2016) ''Promoting Early Presentation'' intervention sustains increased breast cancer awareness in older women for three years: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Medical Screening 10.1177/0969141316667408 . (In press). Green open access

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Alternative educational provision in an area of deprivation in London

Cajic-Seigneur, M; Hodgson, EA; (2016) Alternative educational provision in an area of deprivation in London. London Review of Education , 14 (2) pp. 25-37. 10.18546/LRE.14.2.03 . Green open access

http://ift.tt/2eK8gBe

Work-family life courses and BMI trajectories in three British birth cohorts

Lacey, RE; Sacker, A; Bell, S; Kumari, M; Worts, D; McDonough, P; Kuh, D; Lacey, RE; Sacker, A; Bell, S; Kumari, M; Worts, D; McDonough, P; Kuh, D; McMunn, A; - view fewer (2016) Work-family life courses and BMI trajectories in three British birth cohorts. International Journal of Obesity (In press).

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Using design-based research to improve the lesson study approach to professional development in Camden (London)

Brown, C; Taylor, C; Ponambalum, L; (2016) Using design-based research to improve the lesson study approach to professional development in Camden (London). London Review of Education , 14 (2) pp. 4-24. 10.18546/LRE.14.2.02 . Green open access

http://ift.tt/2eKb6Gu

Stuttering Patterns in Japanese and English Preschool-Aged and School-Aged Children —as a Progress Report—

Smith, M; Howell, P; (2013) Stuttering Patterns in Japanese and English Preschool-Aged and School-Aged Children —as a Progress Report—. Journal of the Phonetic Society of Japan , 17 (2) pp. 83-89. Green open access

http://ift.tt/2emR32F

Education in London: Challenges and opportunities for young people

Mujtaba, T; (2016) Education in London: Challenges and opportunities for young people. London Review of Education , 14 (2) pp. 1-3. 10.18546/LRE.14.2.01 . Green open access

http://ift.tt/2eK9PPz

Composition measurement of epitaxial ScxGa1-xN films

Tsui, HCL; Goff, LE; Barradas, NP; Alves, E; Pereira, S; Palgrave, RG; Davies, RJ; Tsui, HCL; Goff, LE; Barradas, NP; Alves, E; Pereira, S; Palgrave, RG; Davies, RJ; Beere, HE; Farrer, I; Ritchie, DA; Moram, MA; - view fewer (2016) Composition measurement of epitaxial ScxGa1-xN films. Semiconductor Science and Technology , 31 (6) , Article 064002. 10.1088/0268-1242/31/6/064002 .

http://ift.tt/2emQ6au

Genetic counselling and testing for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer: the gent(le) approach

The counselling experience with 50 Flemish families in whom mutation analysis of the total coding region of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene has been initiated, is presented. Genetic testing for breast-ovarian cancer susceptibility is offered by a multidisciplinary team. During the counselling sessions, special attention is given to comprehensible and emotionally acceptable communication of genetic information and to the psychosocial evaluation of the counselee. The limitations of molecular testing and the controversy surrounding cancer prevention strategies are also discussed. The overall acceptance of mutation testing is high. Some of the-problems encountered are inaccuracy of the reported family history, poor retrieval of the medical records of affected family members and the reluctance of many patients to inform their relatives about the possibility of being tested.

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Preterm premature rupture of membranes in a patient with the hypermobility type of the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: a case report

Objectives: This report wants to focus on the risk of severe prematurity in patients with the hypermobility type of the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS), a heritable disorder of connective tissue. Although various obstetrical complications have been reported in patients with EDS, most reports specifically comment on the severe complications in patients with the vascular type of EDS, including uterine and arterial rupture. Pregnancy outcome in patients presenting the hypermobility type of EDS is poorly documented. Case: A 33-year-old nullipara was referred for preconceptual genetic counseling with a history of easy bruising, generalized joint hypermobility and chronic arthralgia and myalgia. The diagnosis of the hypermobility type of EDS was confirmed on clinical examination. During her first pregnancy, she underwent a prophylactic McDonald cerclage at 14 weeks' gestation. Premature rupture of membranes occurred at 23 weeks' gestation. A female infant was delivered at 26 weeks and died 3 h after birth. Electron-microscopic examination showed collagen fibre abnormalities in the fetus' skin, which were compatible with the diagnosis of EDS. Conclusions: Patients with the hypermobility type of EDS can have an increased risk for pregnancy complications, including prematurity due to cervical incompetence and to premature rupture of membranes. We therefore demand the clinician's alertness for possible signs of this underdiagnosed type of EDS and recommend the collaboration between the obstetrician and the medical geneticist in the obstetrical management of these patients.

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Pancreatico-jejunostomy for chronic pancreatitis



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The vascular type of the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: update on the correlation between molecular and phenotypic findings



http://ift.tt/2emU2Il

Genetic counselling and testing for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer: the gent(le) approach

The counselling experience with 50 Flemish families in whom mutation analysis of the total coding region of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene has been initiated, is presented. Genetic testing for breast-ovarian cancer susceptibility is offered by a multidisciplinary team. During the counselling sessions, special attention is given to comprehensible and emotionally acceptable communication of genetic information and to the psychosocial evaluation of the counselee. The limitations of molecular testing and the controversy surrounding cancer prevention strategies are also discussed. The overall acceptance of mutation testing is high. Some of the-problems encountered are inaccuracy of the reported family history, poor retrieval of the medical records of affected family members and the reluctance of many patients to inform their relatives about the possibility of being tested.

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Preterm premature rupture of membranes in a patient with the hypermobility type of the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: a case report

Objectives: This report wants to focus on the risk of severe prematurity in patients with the hypermobility type of the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS), a heritable disorder of connective tissue. Although various obstetrical complications have been reported in patients with EDS, most reports specifically comment on the severe complications in patients with the vascular type of EDS, including uterine and arterial rupture. Pregnancy outcome in patients presenting the hypermobility type of EDS is poorly documented. Case: A 33-year-old nullipara was referred for preconceptual genetic counseling with a history of easy bruising, generalized joint hypermobility and chronic arthralgia and myalgia. The diagnosis of the hypermobility type of EDS was confirmed on clinical examination. During her first pregnancy, she underwent a prophylactic McDonald cerclage at 14 weeks' gestation. Premature rupture of membranes occurred at 23 weeks' gestation. A female infant was delivered at 26 weeks and died 3 h after birth. Electron-microscopic examination showed collagen fibre abnormalities in the fetus' skin, which were compatible with the diagnosis of EDS. Conclusions: Patients with the hypermobility type of EDS can have an increased risk for pregnancy complications, including prematurity due to cervical incompetence and to premature rupture of membranes. We therefore demand the clinician's alertness for possible signs of this underdiagnosed type of EDS and recommend the collaboration between the obstetrician and the medical geneticist in the obstetrical management of these patients.

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Pancreatico-jejunostomy for chronic pancreatitis



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The vascular type of the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: update on the correlation between molecular and phenotypic findings



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IJMS, Vol. 17, Pages 1695: CaMKK2 Suppresses Muscle Regeneration through the Inhibition of Myoblast Proliferation and Differentiation

Skeletal muscle has a major role in locomotion and muscle disorders are associated with poor regenerative efficiency. Therefore, a deeper understanding of muscle regeneration is needed to provide a new insight for new therapies. CaMKK2 plays a role in the calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase cascade; however, its role in skeletal muscle remains unknown. Here, we found that CaMKK2 expression levels were altered under physiological and pathological conditions including postnatal myogensis, freeze or cardiotoxin-induced muscle regeneration, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Overexpression of CaMKK2 suppressed C2C12 myoblast proliferation and differentiation, while inhibition of CaMKK2 had opposite effect. We also found that CaMKK2 is able to activate AMPK in C2C12 myocytes. Inhibition of AMPK could attenuate the effect of CaMKK2 overexpression, while AMPK agonist could abrogate the effect of CaMKK2 knockdown on C2C12 cell differentiation and proliferation. These results suggest that CaMKK2 functions as an AMPK kinase in muscle cells and AMPK mediates the effect of CaMKK2 on myoblast proliferation and differentiation. Our data also indicate that CaMKK2 might inhibit myoblast proliferation through AMPK-mediated cell cycle arrest by inducing cdc2-Tyr15 phosphorylation and repress differentiation through affecting PGC1α transcription. Lastly, we show that overexpressing CaMKK2 in the muscle of mice via electroporation impaired the muscle regeneration during freeze-induced injury, indicating that CaMKK2 could serve as a potential target to treat patients with muscle injury or myopathies. Together, our study reveals a new role for CaMKK2 as a negative regulator of myoblast differentiation and proliferation and sheds new light on the molecular regulation of muscle regeneration.

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IJMS, Vol. 17, Pages 1766: The Efficacy of Non-Pharmacological Interventions on Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Several studies have investigated the relationship between non-pharmacological interventions (NPIs) and peripheral brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in schizophrenia patients. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to review the efficacy of NPIs on peripheral serum and plasma BDNF in subjects with schizophrenia (including schizoaffective disorder). Meta-analyses were conducted to examine the effects of NPIs on blood BDNF levels by using the standardized mean differences (SMDs) between the intervention groups and controls. In total, six randomized controlled trials with 289 participants were included. Of them, five studies used exercise, physical training or diet products. One study used cognitive training. Overall, the BDNF levels in the NPI group increased significantly compared with the control groups (SMD = 0.95, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.07 to 1.83, p = 0.03). Subgroup analyses indicated beneficial effects of a non-exercise intervention on peripheral BDNF levels (SMD = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.08 to 0.74, p = 0.01). Meta-regression analyses showed that the completion rate influenced the variation in SMD (p = 0.01). Despite insufficient evidence to draw a conclusion, our results suggest that use of NPIs as adjunctive treatments, specifically non-exercise interventions, may affect positively serum or plasma BDNF in patients with schizophrenia.

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IJMS, Vol. 17, Pages 1772: Metabolic Response to XD14 Treatment in Human Breast Cancer Cell Line MCF-7

XD14 is a 4-acyl pyrrole derivative, which was discovered by a high-throughput virtual screening experiment. XD14 inhibits bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) proteins (BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT) and consequently suppresses cell proliferation. In this study, metabolic profiling reveals the molecular effects in the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 (Michigan Cancer Foundation-7) treated by XD14. A three-day time series experiment with two concentrations of XD14 was performed. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was applied for untargeted profiling of treated and non-treated MCF-7 cells. The gained data sets were evaluated by several statistical methods: analysis of variance (ANOVA), clustering analysis, principle component analysis (PCA), and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Cell proliferation was strongly inhibited by treatment with 50 µM XD14. Samples could be discriminated by time and XD14 concentration using PLS-DA. From the 117 identified metabolites, 67 were significantly altered after XD14 treatment. These metabolites include amino acids, fatty acids, Krebs cycle and glycolysis intermediates, as well as compounds of purine and pyrimidine metabolism. This massive intervention in energy metabolism and the lack of available nucleotides could explain the decreased proliferation rate of the cancer cells.

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IJMS, Vol. 17, Pages 1769: Trans-Stilbenes in Commercial Grape Juices: Quantification Using HPLC Approaches

Trans-stilbenes belong to the group of polyphenolic phytoalexins, and occur in many plant foods. These compounds have received great attention by researchers due to their well-known beneficial health effects. In the present study a chromatographic method that comprises the use of variable wavelength (VWD) and fluorescence (FLD) detectors in series for the analysis of trans-stilbenes is presented. The relation of peak-area obtained with both detectors is proposed as an alternative and complementary approach for the rapid identification of these phenolic compounds. The proposed method was applied to determine trans-stilbenes in commercial fruit juices. Trans-piceid was the most common trans-stilbene found in the samples analyzed. The method was validated in terms of linearity, sensitivity and repeatability. Appropriate sensitivity and good linearity (r2 > 0.9991) were achieved.

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IJMS, Vol. 17, Pages 1771: Melatonin as a Potential Agent in the Treatment of Sarcopenia

Considering the increased speed at which the world population is aging, sarcopenia could become an epidemic in this century. This condition currently has no means of prevention or treatment. Melatonin is a highly effective and ubiquitously acting antioxidant and free radical scavenger that is normally produced in all organisms. This molecule has been implicated in a huge number of biological processes, from anticonvulsant properties in children to protective effects on the lung in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In this review, we summarize the data which suggest that melatonin may be beneficial in attenuating, reducing or preventing each of the symptoms that characterize sarcopenia. The findings are not limited to sarcopenia, but also apply to osteoporosis-related sarcopenia and to age-related neuromuscular junction dysfunction. Since melatonin has a high safety profile and is drastically reduced in advanced age, its potential utility in the treatment of sarcopenic patients and related dysfunctions should be considered.

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IJMS, Vol. 17, Pages 1523: Morphine Protects Spinal Cord Astrocytes from Glutamate-Induced Apoptosis via Reducing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress

Glutamate is not only a neurotransmitter but also an important neurotoxin in central nervous system (CNS). Chronic elevation of glutamate induces both neuronal and glial cell apoptosis. However, its effect on astrocytes is complex and still remains unclear. In this study, we investigated whether morphine, a common opioid ligand, could affect glutamate-induced apoptosis in astrocytes. Primary cultured astrocytes were incubated with glutamate in the presence/absence of morphine. It was found that morphine could reduce glutamate-induced apoptosis of astrocytes. Furthermore, glutamate activated Ca2+ release, thereby inducing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in astrocytes, while morphine attenuated this deleterious effect. Using siRNA to reduce the expression of κ-opioid receptor, morphine could not effectively inhibit glutamate-stimulated Ca2+ release in astrocytes, the protective effect of morphine on glutamate-injured astrocytes was also suppressed. These results suggested that morphine could protect astrocytes from glutamate-induced apoptosis via reducing Ca2+ overload and ER stress pathways. In conclusion, this study indicated that excitotoxicity participated in the glutamate mediated apoptosis in astrocytes, while morphine attenuated this deleterious effect via regulating Ca2+ release and ER stress.

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IJMS, Vol. 17, Pages 1776: Progressive Vascular Functional and Structural Damage in a Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Model in Preterm Rabbits Exposed to Hyperoxia

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is caused by preterm neonatal lung injury and results in oxygen dependency and pulmonary hypertension. Current clinical management fails to reduce the incidence of BPD, which calls for novel therapies. Fetal rabbits have a lung development that mimics humans and can be used as a translational model to test novel treatment options. In preterm rabbits, exposure to hyperoxia leads to parenchymal changes, yet vascular damage has not been studied in this model. In this study we document the early functional and structural changes of the lung vasculature in preterm rabbits that are induced by hyperoxia after birth. Pulmonary artery Doppler measurements, micro-CT barium angiograms and media thickness of peripheral pulmonary arteries were affected after seven days of hyperoxia when compared to controls. The parenchyma was also affected both at the functional and structural level. Lung function testing showed higher tissue resistance and elastance, with a decreased lung compliance and lung capacity. Histologically hyperoxia leads to fewer and larger alveoli with thicker walls, less developed distal airways and more inflammation than normoxia. In conclusion, we show that the rabbit model develops pulmonary hypertension and developmental lung arrest after preterm lung injury, which parallel the early changes in human BPD. Thus it enables the testing of pharmaceutical agents that target the cardiovascular compartment of the lung for further translation towards the clinic.

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IJMS, Vol. 17, Pages 1774: Translationally Controlled Tumor Protein Stimulates Dopamine Release from PC12 Cells via Ca2+-Independent Phospholipase A2 Pathways

The translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP), initially identified as a tumor- and growth-related protein, is also known as a histamine-releasing factor (HRF). TCTP is widely distributed in the neuronal systems, but its function is largely uncharacterized. Here, we report a novel function of TCTP in the neurotransmitter release from a neurosecretory, pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells. Treatment with recombinant TCTP (rTCTP) enhanced both basal and depolarization (50 mM KCl)-evoked [3H]dopamine release in concentration- and time-dependent manners. Interestingly, even though rTCTP induced the increase in intracellular calcium levels ([Ca2+]i), the rTCTP-driven effect on dopamine release was mediated by a Ca2+-independent pathway, as evidenced by the fact that Ca2+-modulating agents such as Ca2+ chelators and a voltage-gated L-type Ca2+-channel blocker did not produce any changes in rTCTP-evoked dopamine release. In a study to investigate the involvement of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) in rTCTP-induced dopamine release, the inhibitor for Ca2+-independent PLA2 (iPLA2) produced a significant inhibitory effect on rTCTP-induced dopamine release, whereas this release was not significantly inhibited by Ca2+-dependent cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2) and secretory PLA2 (sPLA2) inhibitors. We found that rTCTP-induced dopamine release from neuronal PC12 cells was modulated by a Ca2+-independent mechanism that involved PLA2 in the process, suggesting the regulatory role of TCTP in the neuronal functions.

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IJMS, Vol. 17, Pages 1775: Dissecting the Heterogeneity of Circulating Tumor Cells in Metastatic Breast Cancer: Going Far Beyond the Needle in the Haystack

Although the enumeration of circulating tumor cells (CTC) defined as expressing both epithelial cell adhesion molecule and cytokeratins (EpCAM+/CK+) can predict prognosis and response to therapy in metastatic breast, colon and prostate cancer, its clinical utility (i.e., the ability to improve patient outcome by guiding therapy) has not yet been proven in clinical trials. Therefore, scientists are now focusing on the molecular characterization of CTC as a way to explore its possible use as a "surrogate" of tumor tissues to non-invasively assess the genomic landscape of the cancer and its evolution during treatment. Additionally, evidences confirm the existence of CTC in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) characterized by a variable loss of epithelial markers. Since the EMT process can originate cells with enhanced invasiveness, stemness and drug-resistance, the enumeration and characterization of this population, perhaps the one truly responsible of tumor recurrence and progression, could be more clinically useful. For these reasons, several devices able to capture CTC independently from the expression of epithelial markers have been developed. In this review, we will describe the types of heterogeneity so far identified and the key role played by the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in driving CTC heterogeneity. The clinical relevance of detecting CTC-heterogeneity will be discussed as well.

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A case of blunt trauma of the eyeball associated with an inferior oblique muscle and an inferior rectus muscle rupture

Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

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Reasons and risk factors for irregular-interval endoscopic variceal sclerotherapy in patients with esophageal varices bleeding

Journal of Digestive Diseases

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The modified SAVE score: Predicting survival using urgent veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation within 24 hours of arrival at the emergency department

Critical Care

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The role of parental psychopathology and personality in adolescent non-suicidal self-injury

Journal of Psychiatric Research

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Warfarin use and stroke, bleeding and mortality risk in patients with end stage renal disease and atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BMC Nephrology

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Mucosal perforation during laparoscopic heller myotomy has no influence on final treatment outcome

Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery

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Carbetocin for prevention of postcesarean hemorrhage in women with severe preeclampsia: A before-after cohort comparison with oxytocin

Journal of Clinical Anesthesia

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