Medicine by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos,Crete 72100,Greece,tel :00302841026182 & 00306932607174
Πέμπτη 9 Ιουνίου 2016
Inhibition of pentraxin 3 in glioma cells impairs proliferation and invasion in vitro and in vivo
Abstract
Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is an inflammatory molecule that is involved in immune responses, inflammation, and cancer. Recent evidence suggests that PTX3 plays a critical role in tumor progression; however, its impact on the biological function of gliomas remains unknown. In the present study, immunohistochemical staining showed that patients with high-grade gliomas exhibited increased expression levels of PTX3 compared to those with low-grade gliomas (P < 0.001). Furthermore, knockdown of PTX3 in GBM8401 cells inhibits proliferation, increases p21 protein levels, and decreases cyclin D1 protein levels, resulting in cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase. In addition, knockdown of PTX3 significantly decreases GBM8401 cell migration and invasion through the downregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-1 and -2 (MMP-1 and MMP-2) expression. In a GBM8401 xenograft animal model, PTX3 knockdown decreases tumor growth in vivo. In conclusion, PTX3 plays an important role in glioma cell proliferation and invasion, and may thus serve as a novel potential therapeutic target in the treatment of gliomas.
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Ten-year Survivors After Contemporary Management of Advanced 'Horseshoe' Anterior Commissure Laryngeal Cancer.
Ten-year Survivors After Contemporary Management of Advanced 'Horseshoe' Anterior Commissure Laryngeal Cancer.
Anticancer Res. 2016 Jun;36(6):3049-3052
Authors: Ampil F, Caldito G, Vora M, Richards T
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Combinations of treatment modalities for locally extensive carcinomas of the larynx constitute the standard of care. Advanced 'horseshoe' anterior commissure laryngeal cancer (HACLC) is a disease entity that has not received much attention in the literature. The aims of this study were to evaluate prolonged survival in patients after standard combined therapy for HACLC and to identify clinicopathological factors influential towards an extended outcome.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fourteen patients (10-year survivors) with stage III or IV laryngeal cancer involving the anterior commissure and both true vocal cords were treated with total laryngectomy (and postoperative radiotherapy in 11 individuals).
RESULTS: During follow-up, ranging from 123 to 256 months, locoregional recurrent disease and distant metastasis were not observed. Complications after therapy were manageable and few. The long-term survivors were particularly difficult to characterize.
CONCLUSION: The optimal treatment for advanced HACLC has not been clarified; however, in this study, total laryngectomy and the indicated use of postoperative radiotherapy, were successful in achieving long-term disease-free survival. Predictive factors for longevity were not detected in this limited experience.
PMID: 27272825 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Self-reported Symptoms to Monitor Recurrent Head and Neck Cancer-Analysis of 1,678 Cases.
Self-reported Symptoms to Monitor Recurrent Head and Neck Cancer-Analysis of 1,678 Cases.
Anticancer Res. 2016 Jun;36(6):2849-2854
Authors: Boysen ME, Zätterström UK, Evensen JF
Abstract
AIM: The aim of this article was to study the clinical significance of subjective symptoms of recurrence in patients treated for primary head and neck cancer.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Clinical data of 1,678 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck admitted at the Department of Oto-rhino-laryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oslo University Hospital during a period of 15 years (1983-1997) were analyzed.
RESULTS: A total of 525 (31%) patients had recurrence during follow-up, 74% of these within the first two years after primary treatment. Subjective symptoms indicating recurrent disease were reported by 67%. The remaining recurrences were detected in asymptomatic patients at scheduled consultations. Prognosis was better among patients with subjective symptoms of recurrent disease after treatment for primary tumors of the oral cavity and larynx. Those with recurrence from other tumor sites had no difference in prognosis between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients.
CONCLUSION: The high proportion of patients with subjective symptoms indicates that there is a potential to make follow-up routines more effective. Individualized and flexible procedures, taking into account patient's self-reported symptoms, may help speed-up the process and thus improve prognosis. This could also lead to a more efficient use of resources by reducing the number of redundant examinations of low-risk patients.
PMID: 27272796 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Prognostic value of posttreatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated by chemoradiotherapy.
Prognostic value of posttreatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated by chemoradiotherapy.
Auris Nasus Larynx. 2016 Jun 4;
Authors: Kim DY, Kim IS, Park SG, Kim H, Choi YJ, Seol YM
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: An inflammatory-immunological marker, C-reactive protein (CRP), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), was evaluated as a predictive marker of advanced head and neck cancer patients receiving chemoradiotherapy.
METHODS: This study included 104 patients with treatment-naïve head and neck cancer who underwent definitive chemoradiotherapy. An inflammatory marker was measured at baseline and after 1 month of treatment. Univariate and multivariate analyses using Cox proportional hazards model were used to identify predictors of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).
RESULTS: A univariate analysis revealed that T,N-stage, the pre- and posttreatment NLRs were significant predictors of progression after the chemoradiotherapy. However, the posttreatment NLR remained an independent predictor of PFS in the multivariate analysis (HR=2.23, 95% CI 1.15-2.321; P=0.001). A high posttreatment NLR was significantly associated with an increased risk of death (HR=1.87, 95% CI 0.89-3.31; P=0.037).
CONCLUSION: A high posttreatment NLR is associated with poor prognostic factor. An early reduction in the NLR after treatment may indicate survival improvement in the patients.
PMID: 27269133 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Microenvironment of macula flava in the human vocal fold as a stem cell niche.
Microenvironment of macula flava in the human vocal fold as a stem cell niche.
J Laryngol Otol. 2016 Jun 8;:1-6
Authors: Sato K, Chitose S, Kurita T, Umeno H
Abstract
BACKGROUND: There is growing evidence that the cells in the maculae flavae are tissue stem cells of the human vocal fold mucosa, and that the maculae flavae are a candidate for a stem cell niche. The role of microenvironment in the maculae flavae of the human vocal fold mucosa was investigated.
METHOD: Anterior maculae flavae from six surgical specimens were cultured in a mesenchymal stem cell growth medium or a Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium.
RESULTS: Using mesenchymal stem cell growth medium, the subcultured cells formed a colony-forming unit, and cell division reflected asymmetric self-renewal. This indicates that these cells are mesenchymal stem cells or stromal stem cells in the bone marrow. Using Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium, the subcultured cells showed symmetric cell division without a colony-forming unit.
CONCLUSION: A proper microenvironment in the maculae flavae of the human vocal fold mucosa is necessary to be effective as a stem cell niche that maintains the stemness of the contained tissue stem cells.
PMID: 27268777 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Hemostasis in Laryngeal Surgery.
Hemostasis in Laryngeal Surgery.
Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2016 Jun;49(3):705-714
Authors: Athanasiadis T, Allen J
Abstract
The larynx is a highly vascularized organ supplied by the superior and inferior laryngeal arteries. Both microphonosurgery and external laryngeal surgery require excellent hemostasis. Topical agents including adrenalin and fibrin-based products as well as surgical instrumentation, such as coagulation devices or in some cases embolization, are in the surgeon's armamentarium and facilitate efficient and successful surgery.
PMID: 27267020 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Molecular targeting of papillary thyroid carcinoma with fluorescently labeled ratiometric activatable cell penetrating peptides in a transgenic murine model.
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Molecular targeting of papillary thyroid carcinoma with fluorescently labeled ratiometric activatable cell penetrating peptides in a transgenic murine model.
J Surg Oncol. 2016 Feb;113(2):138-43
Authors: Orosco RK, Savariar EN, Weissbrod PA, Diaz-Perez JA, Bouvet M, Tsien RY, Nguyen QT
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Molecularly targeted fluorescent molecules may help detect tumors that are unseen by traditional white-light surgical techniques. We sought to evaluate a fluorescent ratiometric activatable cell penetrating peptide (RACPP) for tumor detection in a transgenic model of PTC.
METHODS: Thirteen BRAFV600E mice with PTC were studied-seven injected intravenously with RACPP, four controls with saline. Total thyroidectomy was performed with microscopic white-light visualization. Fluorescent imaging of post-thyroidectomy fields was performed, and tissue with increased signal was removed and evaluated for PTC. Final samples were analyzed by a pathologist blinded to conditions. Vocal cord function was evaluated postoperatively with video laryngoscopy.
RESULTS: The average in situ ratiometric (Cy5/Cy7) thyroid tumor-to-background contrast ratio was 2.27 +/- 0.91. Fluorescence-guided clean-up following thyroidectomy identified additional tumor in 2 of 7 RACPP animals (smallest dimension 1.2 mm), and decreased the number of animals with residual tumor from 4 to 3. All retained tumor foci on final pathology were smaller than 0.76 mm. Intact vocal abduction was present in all of the RACPP animals.
CONCLUSIONS: RACPPs successfully targeted PTC in a transgenic thyroidectomy model, and allowed for residual tumor detection that reduced positive margins beyond what was possible with white-light surgery alone.
PMID: 26799257 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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Voice outcomes following treatment of benign midmembranous vocal fold lesions using a nomenclature paradigm.
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Voice outcomes following treatment of benign midmembranous vocal fold lesions using a nomenclature paradigm.
Laryngoscope. 2016 Feb;126(2):415-20
Authors: Akbulut S, Gartner-Schmidt JL, Gillespie AI, Young VN, Smith LJ, Rosen CA
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Benign midmembranous vocal fold lesions (BMVFLs) are common voice disorders, but interpretation of outcomes following treatment is difficult due to the lack of a standardized nomenclature system for these lesions. Outcome results are increasingly important to third party payers. This study aimed to investigate the outcomes of patients with BMVFLs using a previously validated nomenclature, and to provide incidences and outcome results for each diagnosis.
METHODS: A retrospective chart review of BMVFL patients was performed. Treatment was individualized but typically involved implementation of nonsurgical therapy followed by phonomicrosurgery as needed. A previously reported BMVFL stratification system was used.
RESULTS: A total of 224 patients with BMVFLs were studied. Sixty-seven percent of all patients with a BMVFL underwent phonomicrosurgery. The most common BMVFL types were polyp and nonspecific vocal fold lesion. Pseudocyst represented 0.9% of the cohort. The Voice Handicap Index-10 (VHI-10) and acoustic data demonstrate a high degree of treatment success. The mean change in VHI-10 was greatest for cyst-subepithelial and polyp. Fibrous mass-ligamentous patients had the smallest mean change in VHI-10. Mean post-treatment VHI-10 scores of all the lesions except fibrous mass-ligamentous were within normal limits (<11).
CONCLUSIONS: This study represents the first outcomes-based report of BMVFLs using a strictly defined nomenclature system for stratification of lesions. Ligamentous fibrous mass lesions have a decreased response to treatment compared to all other lesions. This study demonstrates the ability to return most BMVFL patients to normal speaking voice capabilities following treatment.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4.
PMID: 26404117 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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