Carpal spasm in a girl as initial presentation of celiac disease: a case report

Celiac disease is an immune-mediated disorder elicited by ingestion of gluten in genetically susceptible persons. This disorder is characterized by specific histological changes of the small intestine mucosa r...

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Effects of dexamethasone and nimesulide on bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: An experimental study

Publication date: November 2017
Source:Archives of Oral Biology, Volume 83
Author(s): Camila Carvalho de Oliveira, Paulo Goberlânio de Barros Silva, Antonio Ernando Carlos Ferreira, Romélia Pinheiro Gonçalves, Fabrício Bitu de Sousa, Mário Rogério Lima Mota, Ana Paula Negreiros Nunes Alves
ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of dexamethasone (DEX) and nimesulide (NIM) on Bisphosphonate-related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (BRONJ) in rats.DesignBRONJ was induced by zoledronic acid (ZA) infusion (0.2mg/kg) in Wistar rats (n=8), followed by extraction of the left lower first molar (BRONJ groups). Control groups (n=40) received saline (IV). For eight weeks, DEX (0.04, 0.4, 4mg/kg) or saline (SAL) were administered by gavage 24h before each infusion of ZA or saline (IV), or NIM (10.3mg/kg) was administered 24h and 12h before each infusion of ZA or saline (IV). The haematological analyses were conducted weekly. After euthanasia (day 70), the jaws were submitted to radiographic and microscopic analysis. Kidney, liver, spleen and stomach were analysed histopathologically.ResultsThe BRONJ groups showed a higher radiolucent area compared with the control groups (p<0.05). Histomorphometric analysis revealed healing and new bone formation in the control groups, while the BRONJ groups exhibited devitalized bone with bacterial colonies and inflammatory infiltrate. The BRONJ-DEX 0.4 and 4mg/kg groups had a greater number of bacterial colonies (p<0.05) and an increased polymorphonuclear cell count compared to the saline-BRONJ group, while the BRONJ-NIM group had a lower polymorphonuclear count (p<0.05). The BRONJ groups had leucocytosis, which was reduced by DEX administration. Treatments with DEX with or without ZA caused white pulp atrophy.ConclusionThus, DEX or NIM therapy was not effective in preventing radiographic and histopathologic events associated with BRONJ. Treatment with DEX attenuated leucocytosis post-infusion with ZA.



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Esophagus foreign body in the thyroid gland

Publication date: Available online 2 September 2017
Source:Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
Author(s): Sílvia Miguéis Picado Petrarolha, Rogério Aparecido Dedivitis, Fabíola Garcia Perruccio, Ingrid de Andrade Quirino




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Morphoea after using a cardiac loop monitor

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Increased levels of mitochondrial DNA copy number in patients with vitiligo

Summary

Background

Oxidative stress is known to be involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases such as vitiligo. Evidence suggests that the human mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) is vulnerable to damage mediated by oxidative stress. The purpose of this study was to examine and compare peripheral blood mtDNAcn and oxidative DNA damage byproducts (8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine; 8-OHdG) in patients with vitiligo and healthy controls (HCs).

Methods

The relative mtDNAcn and the oxidative damage (formation of 8-OHdG in mtDNA) of each sample were determined by real-time quantitative PCR. Blood samples were obtained from 56 patients with vitiligo and 46 HCs.

Results

The mean mtDNAcn and the degree of mtDNA damage were higher in patients with vitiligo than in HCs.

Conclusion

These data suggest that increase in mtDNAcn and oxidative DNA damage may be involved in the pathogenesis of vitiligo.

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Secondary syphilis infection under treatment with ustekinumab

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Sclerosing angiomatoid nodular transformation of the spleen mimicking metastasis of melanoma: a case report and review of the literature

Sclerosing angiomatoid nodular transformation is a benign disorder of splenic tissue and is often mistaken as a potentially malignant entity in the diagnostic process. To the best of our knowledge, this is the...

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Hand eczema as a risk factor for food allergy among occupational kitchen workers

Publication date: Available online 2 September 2017
Source:Allergology International
Author(s): Takafumi Minami, Yuma Fukutomi, Kiyoshi Sekiya, Akira Akasawa, Masami Taniguchi
BackgroundAn increasing number of studies in children is highlighting the importance of transdermal routes of exposure to food allergens through damaged skin in the pathogenesis of food allergies. However, data on this in adults are limited. A few case-series studies has documented development of food allergy among kitchen workers with hand eczema after direct contact exposure to foods.MethodsTo explore the significance of hand eczema as a risk factor for food allergies in adults at the epidemiological level, we performed a cross-sectional web-based questionnaire survey on kitchen workers whose exposures were classed as occupational (cooks and food handlers, n = 1592) or non-occupational (housewives, n = 1915). Logistic regression was used to explore the association between the presence/severity of hand eczema and the risk of food allergy after adjustment for potential confounders.ResultsCurrent hand eczema and current diagnosed food allergy were more common among occupational kitchen workers (OKW) than among non-occupational kitchen workers (NOKW) (32.3%-vs-29.9% and 9.9%-vs-3.8%, respectively). Current hand eczema was significantly associated with increased risk of current diagnosed food allergy in OKW (adjusted odds ratio 2.4, 95% CI 1.6–3.7). Those with more severe hand eczema were more likely to suffer from allergic symptoms for foods, and diagnosed food allergy.ConclusionsThis study illustrates a significant public health problem in the adult population, documenting a major impact of hand eczema on the ongoing adult food allergy epidemic.



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