Coping with suicidal urges among youth seen in a psychiatric emergency department

Psychiatry Research

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Comparison of patient- and practitioner-reported toxic effects associated with chemoradiotherapy for head and neck cancer

JAMA Otolaryngology—Head & Neck Surgery

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Buckling up in Singapore: residency and other risk factors for seatbelt non-compliance – a cross-sectional study based on trauma registry data

BMC Public Health

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Subacute posttraumatic complaints and psychological distress in trauma patients with or without mild traumatic brain injury

Injury

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Botulinum toxin therapy for neurogenic detrusor hyperactivity versus augmentation enterocystoplasty: impact on the quality of life of patients with SCI

Spinal Cord

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Association between body composition and hip fractures in older women with physical frailty

Geriatrics and Gerontology International

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An electronic emergency triage system to improve patient distribution by critical outcomes

The Journal of Emergency Medicine

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Taking the RISC of exiting naïve pluripotency

A new study shows how RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC)-mediated posttranscriptional regulation of chromatin remodelers allows for tight control of the naïve-to-primed pluripotency transition.

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Quinine-Induced Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

Every drug comes with some side effect. It is the benefit/risk ratio that determines the medical use of the drug. Quinine, a known antimalarial drug, has been used for nocturnal leg cramps since the 1930s; it is associated with severe life-threatening hematological and cardiovascular side effects. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), albeit rare, is a known coagulopathy associated with Quinine. It is imperative to inquire about the Quinine intake in medication history in patients with coagulopathy, as most patients still consider it a harmless home remedy for nocturnal leg cramps. In this report, we present a case of coagulopathy in a middle-aged woman, who gave a history of taking Quinine for nocturnal leg cramps, as her home remedy. Early identification of the offending agent led to the diagnosis, prompt discontinuation of the medication, and complete recovery and prevented the future possibility of recurrence.

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High viscosity to highly dispersed PtPd bimetallic nanocrystals for enhanced catalytic activity and stability

Chem. Commun., 2016, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/C6CC00912C, Communication

Jie Ying, Zhi-Yi Hu, Xiao-Yu Yang, Hao Wei, Yu-Xuan Xiao, Christoph Janiak, Shichun Mu, Ge Tian, Mu Pan, Gustaaf Van Tendeloo, Bao-Lian Su
A facile high-viscosity-solvent method is presented to synthesize PtPd bimetallic nanocrystals highly dispersed in different mesostructures (2D and 3D structures), porosities (large and small pore sizes), and compositions (silica and...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry

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Fluorescence enhancement through the formation of a single-layer two-dimensional supramolecular organic framework and its application in highly selective recognition of picric acid

Chem. Commun., 2016, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/C6CC03631G, Communication

Xin Zhao, Ying Zhang, Tian-Guang Zhan, Tian-You Zhou, Qiao-Yan Qi, Xiao-Na Xu
A two-dimensional (2D) supramolecular organic framework (SOF) has been constructed through the co-assembly of a triphenylamine-based building block and cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]). Fluorescence turn-on of the non-emissive building block was observed...
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Improving the hydrogen selectivity of graphene oxide membranes by reducing non-selective pores with intergrown ZIF-8 crystals

Chem. Commun., 2016, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C6CC02013E, Communication

Xuerui Wang, Chenglong Chi, Jifang Tao, Yongwu Peng, Shaoming Ying, Yuhong Qian, Jinqiao Dong, Zhigang Hu, Yuandong Gu, Dan Zhao
The large defects of graphene oxide membranes were reduced by the intergrown ZIF-8 crystals, affording dramatically increased gas separation performance.
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Quantitative analysis of the modeled ATP hydrolysis in water by a colorimetric sensor array

Chem. Commun., 2016, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/C6CC02923J, Communication

Tsuyoshi Minami, Fereshteh Emami, Ryuhei Nishiyabu, Yuji Kubo, Pavel Anzenbacher, Jr
Self-assembled colorimetric sensors have been prepared from ZnII-DPA-attached phenylboronic acid (1[round bullet, filled]Zn) and catechol-type dyes. The 1[round bullet, filled]Zn-dye sensors display selectivity towards oligophosphate over monophosphates. The colorimetric sensor assay (1[round bullet, filled]Zn-dye) is utilized...
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Sandwich phosphate complexes of macrocyclic tris(urea) ligands and their rotation around the anion

Chem. Commun., 2016, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C6CC03144G, Communication

Liguo Ji, Zaiwen Yang, Yanxia Zhao, Meng Sun, Liping Cao, Xiao-Juan Yang, Yao-Yu Wang, Biao Wu
Sandwich-type phosphate complexes were formed by macrocyclic ligands incorporating both anion- (tris-urea unit) and cation-binding sites (polyether), which display a reversible rotation around the anion upon protonation/deprotonation of phosphate and binding of the cation (Emim⁺).
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Small Molecule Recognition of Mephedrone using an Anthracene Molecular Clip

Chem. Commun., 2016, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/C6CC03404G, Communication

kathryn kellett, Johnathan H Broome, Mire Zloh, Stewart B. Kirton, Suzanne Fergus, Ute Gerhard, Jacqueline Leslie Stair, Karl Wallace
An anthracene molecular probe has been synthesised and shown to target mephedrone, a stimulant drug from the cathinone class of new psychoactive substances (NPS). A protocol has been developed to...
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IJMS, Vol. 17, Pages 736: Mechanisms of Cell Killing Response from Low Linear Energy Transfer (LET) Radiation Originating from 177Lu Radioimmunotherapy Targeting Disseminated Intraperitoneal Tumor Xenografts

Radiolabeled antibodies (mAbs) provide efficient tools for cancer therapy. The combination of low energy β−-emissions (500 keVmax; 130 keVave) along with a γ-emission for imaging makes 177Lu (T1/2 = 6.7 day) a suitable radionuclide for radioimmunotherapy (RIT) of tumor burdens possibly too large to treat with α-particle radiation. RIT with 177Lu-trastuzumab has proven to be effective for treatment of disseminated HER2 positive peritoneal disease in a pre-clinical model. To elucidate mechanisms originating from this RIT therapy at the molecular level, tumor bearing mice (LS-174T intraperitoneal xenografts) were treated with 177Lu-trastuzumab comparatively to animals treated with a non-specific control, 177Lu-HuIgG, and then to prior published results obtained using 212Pb-trastuzumab, an α-particle RIT agent. 177Lu-trastuzumab induced cell death via DNA double strand breaks (DSB), caspase-3 apoptosis, and interfered with DNA-PK expression, which is associated with the repair of DNA non-homologous end joining damage. This contrasts to prior results, wherein 212Pb-trastuzumab was found to down-regulate RAD51, which is involved with homologous recombination DNA damage repair. 177Lu-trastuzumab therapy was associated with significant chromosomal disruption and up-regulation of genes in the apoptotic process. These results suggest an inhibition of the repair mechanism specific to the type of radiation damage being inflicted by either high or low linear energy transfer radiation. Understanding the mechanisms of action of β−- and α-particle RIT comparatively through an in vivo tumor environment offers real information suitable to enhance combination therapy regimens involving α- and β−-particle RIT for the management of intraperitoneal disease.

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IJMS, Vol. 17, Pages 742: Recent Progress in Treating Protein–Ligand Interactions with Quantum-Mechanical Methods

We review the first successes and failures of a "new wave" of quantum chemistry-based approaches to the treatment of protein/ligand interactions. These approaches share the use of "enhanced", dispersion (D), and/or hydrogen-bond (H) corrected density functional theory (DFT) or semi-empirical quantum mechanical (SQM) methods, in combination with ensemble weighting techniques of some form to capture entropic effects. Benchmark and model system calculations in comparison to high-level theoretical as well as experimental references have shown that both DFT-D (dispersion-corrected density functional theory) and SQM-DH (dispersion and hydrogen bond-corrected semi-empirical quantum mechanical) perform much more accurately than older DFT and SQM approaches and also standard docking methods. In addition, DFT-D might soon become and SQM-DH already is fast enough to compute a large number of binding modes of comparably large protein/ligand complexes, thus allowing for a more accurate assessment of entropic effects.

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miR-155 as a Biomarker in B-Cell Malignancies

MicroRNAs have the potential to be useful biomarkers in the development of individualized treatment since they are easy to detect, are relatively stable during sample handling, and are important determinants of cellular processes controlling pathogenesis, progression, and response to treatment of several types of cancers including B-cell malignancies. miR-155 is an oncomiR with a crucial role in tumor initiation and development of several B-cell malignancies. The present review elucidates the potential of miR-155 as a diagnostic, prognostic, or predictive biomarker in B-cell malignancies using a systematic search strategy to identify relevant literature. miR-155 was upregulated in several malignancies compared to nonmalignant controls and overexpression of miR-155 was further associated with poor prognosis. Elevated expression of miR-155 shows potential as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Additionally, in vitro and in vivo studies suggest miR-155 as an efficient therapeutic target, supporting its oncogenic function. The use of inhibiting anti-miR structures indicates promising potential as novel anticancer therapeutics. Reports from 53 studies prove that miR-155 has the potential to be a molecular tool in personalized medicine.

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Long-term Follow-up Data from Pivotal Studies of Adjuvant Trastuzumab in Early Breast Cancer

Abstract

The addition of adjuvant trastuzumab therapy for 1 year to standard chemotherapy significantly improved disease-free survival and overall survival versus chemotherapy alone in a number of pivotal early breast cancer studies. Here we review long-term follow-up data on the efficacy, cardiac safety, and general safety of trastuzumab in these pivotal studies. We also evaluate ongoing phase II/III adjuvant trials with newer HER2-targeted agents and the efficacy and safety of the recently developed subcutaneous (SC) formulation of trastuzumab in early breast cancer. Long-term follow-up data confirm the significant survival benefit afforded by the addition of trastuzumab to chemotherapy in patients with HER2-positive disease, with an acceptable safety profile. Long-term cardiac safety data suggest that the incidence of cardiac adverse events is maintained at a relatively low level with continued follow-up. At this present time, 1 year of trastuzumab treatment remains the standard of care in HER2-positive early breast cancer. Future adjuvant trastuzumab treatment strategies should focus on reducing cardiotoxicity, particularly in elderly patients, by identifying potential predictive biomarkers of cardiac dysfunction. Clinicians must also decide whether to omit trastuzumab in women who would achieve little benefit from treatment to avoid cardiotoxicity.

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Arenediazonium salts as electrophiles for the oxidative addition of gold(I)

Chem. Commun., 2016, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C6CC03105F, Communication

Eric Omar Asomoza-Solis, Jonathan Rojas-Ocampo, Ruben Alfredo Toscano, Susana Porcel
Arenediazonium salts have been found to behave as efficient electrophiles for the oxidation of gold(I). Starting from anilines, a one pot cross-coupling reaction of anilines with silver acetylides mediated by gold has been developed.
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Toxins, Vol. 8, Pages 145: Degradation of Swainsonine by the NADP-Dependent Alcohol Dehydrogenase A1R6C3 in Arthrobacter sp. HW08

Swainsonine is an indolizidine alkaloid that has been found in locoweeds and some fungi. Our previous study demonstrated that Arthrobacter sp. HW08 or its crude enzyme extract could degrade swainsonie efficiently. However, the mechanism of swainsonine degradation in bacteria remains unclear. In this study, we used label-free quantitative proteomics method based on liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry to dissect the mechanism of swainsonine biodegradation by Arthrobacter sp. HW08. The results showed that 129 differentially expressed proteins were relevant to swainsonine degradation. These differentially expressed proteins were mostly related to the biological process of metabolism and the molecular function of catalytic activity. Among the 129 differentially expressed proteins, putative sugar phosphate isomerase/epimerase A1R5X7, Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase A0JZ95, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP)-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase A1R6C3 were found to contribute to the swainsonine degradation. Notably, NADP-dependent alcohol dehyrodgenase A1R6C3 appeared to play a major role in degrading swainsonine, but not as much as Arthrobacter sp. HW08 did. Collectively, our findings here provide insights to understand the mechanism of swainsonine degradation in bacteria.

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Predictors of renal histopathology in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody associated glomerulonephritis

Publication date: Available online 15 May 2016
Source:Journal of Autoimmunity
Author(s): Sophia Lionaki, Clio P. Mavragani, Alexandre Karras, George Liapis, George Somarakis, John N. Boletis, Alexandros Drosos, Athanasios G. Tzioufas, Loic Guillevin, Haralampos M. Moutsopoulos
ObjectivesPrompt, aggressive therapy is vital for anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated glomerulonephritis. In this regard, we aimed to identify predictors of distinct renal histopathological classes at the time of clinical diagnosis.Patients & methodsAn inception cohort of patients with biopsy proven ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis was studied retrospectively. Demographics, clinical, laboratory, serological and radiological parameters were analyzed. Patients were classified on the basis of renal histopathology. A risk score was developed for each histopathological class using univariate and stepwise logistic regression analyses.ResultsVariables independently associated with focal class included disease duration up to diagnosis <8 weeks, absence of erythrocyte casts by urine microscopy and eGFR >49 ml/min/1.73 m²; with crescentic class >40 erythrocytes/hpf, identification of erythrocyte casts in urine, upper respiratory tract involvement and eGFR <49 ml/min/1.73 m²; with mixed class age >54 years, male gender, and absence of upper respiratory tract involvement. In the presence of these risk factors a predictive risk score for each histopathological classes was calculated: odds ratio, 95% confidence intervals (CI), for focal class (≥2 risk factors, 20.8 (95% CI: 5.1–84.2), p < 0.0001, and 441.0 (95% CI: 16.8–11,590), p = 0.0003 for crescentic class (≥3 risk factors) while the small number of patients in the mixed and sclerotic class precluded any estimates.ConclusionWe propose a predictive algorithm of specific histolopathological classes of ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis, which might provide a crude estimation of the disease activity in the glomeruli at presentation. This tool might assist the clinician in making decisions regarding the level of intensity of inductive immunosuppressive therapy at clinical diagnosis.



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Inflammation to Pulmonary Diseases

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Prenatal diagnosis of congenital myopathies and muscular dystrophies

Abstract

Congenital myopathies and muscular dystrophies constitute a genetically and phenotypically heterogeneous group of rare inherited diseases characterized by muscle weakness and atrophy, motor delay and respiratory insufficiency. To date, curative care is not available for these diseases, which may severely affect both life-span and quality of life. We discuss prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling for families at risk, as well as diagnostic possibilities in sporadic cases.

Graphical Abstract

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Hepatitis C virus genotype 4 replication in the hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2/C3A

Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology

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FOLFIRINOX for locally advanced pancreatic cancer: a systematic review and patient-level meta-analysis

The Lancet Oncology

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The Hippo pathway in intestinal regeneration and disease

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology and Hepatology

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Parallel declines in HIV and hepatitis C virus prevalence, but not in herpes simplex virus type 2 infection: A 10-year, serial cross-sectional study in an inner-city emergency department

Journal of Clinical Virology

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Factors predicting adverse events associated with therapeutic colonoscopy for colorectal neoplasia: a retrospective nationwide study in Japan

Gastrointestinal Endoscopy

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Effect of fibre supplementation on chronic idiopathic constipation in adults

Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics

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Immunologic and metabolic features of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma define prognostic subtypes of disease

Clinical Cancer Research

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Effectiveness of add-on therapy with domperidone vs alginic acid in proton pump inhibitor partial response gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in systemic sclerosis: Randomized placebo-controlled trial

Rheumatology

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Allele-specific transcriptional activity of the variable number of tandem repeats of the inducible nitric oxide synthase gene is associated with idiopathic achalasia

United European Gastroenterology Journal

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Hepatitis E virus mutations associated with ribavirin treatment failure result in altered viral fitness and ribavirin sensitivity

Journal of Hepatology

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Full title: a meta-analysis of the diagnostic value of detecting K-ras mutation in pancreatic juice as a molecular marker for pancreatic cancer

Pancreatology

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Multiple hepatitis B virus (HBV) quasispecies and immune-escape mutations are present in HBV surface antigen and reverse transcriptase of patients with acute hepatitis B

The Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Biologic therapies and risk of infection and malignancy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review and network meta-analysis

Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology

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Tobacco carcinogen induces both lung cancer and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and hepatocellular carcinomas in ferrets which can be attenuated by lycopene supplementation

International Journal of Cancer

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Plasma renin concentration represents an independent risk factor for mortality and is associated with liver dysfunction in patients with cirrhosis

Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology

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Invasive Fusobacterium nucleatum may play a role in the carcinogenesis of proximal colon cancer through the serrated neoplasia pathway

International Journal of Cancer

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Prevalence of QT interval prolongation in inflammatory bowel disease

The Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology

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Impact of Helicobacter pylori eradication on refractory thrombocytopenia in patients with chronic HCV awaiting antiviral therapy

European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases

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Long-term pulmonary function in esophageal atresia - A case-control study

Pediatric Pulmonology

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The all-age prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection and potential transmission routes. A population-based study

Helicobacter

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Initiation Strategies for Renal-Replacement Therapy in the Intensive Care Unit

New England Journal of Medicine, Ahead of Print.


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Renal-Replacement Therapy in the Critically Ill — Does Timing Matter?

New England Journal of Medicine, Ahead of Print.


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Indacaterol–Glycopyrronium versus Salmeterol–Fluticasone for COPD

New England Journal of Medicine, Ahead of Print.


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Another Choice for Prevention of COPD Exacerbations

New England Journal of Medicine, Ahead of Print.


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A reversible B-A transition of DNA duplexes induced by synthetic cationic copolymers

Chem. Commun., 2016, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/C6CC02237E, Communication

Nonoka Yamaguchi, Yu-ki Zouzumi,, Naohiko Shimada, Shuichi Nakano, Naoki Sugimoto, Atsushi Maruyama, Daisuke Miyoshi
Although the B-form duplex is the canonical DNA structure, the A-form duplex plays critical roles in controlling gene expression. Here, reversible B-A transitions of DNA duplexes were induced by synthetic...
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N-Acetyl glycals are tight-binding and environmentally insensitive inhibitors of hexosaminidases

Chem. Commun., 2016, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/C6CC02520J, Communication

Andres Gonzalez, Grishma Vadlamani, Brian L Mark, Stephen G. Withers
Mono-, di- and trisaccharide derivatives of 1,2-unsaturated N-acetyl-D-glucal have been synthesized and shown to function as tight-binding inhibitors/slow substrates of representative hexosaminidases. Turnover is slow and not observed in the...
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