Background. Perioperative use of intravenous magnesium as part of multimodal analgesia has been increasing in recent years in an effort to decrease the use of opioids. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of magnesium sulfate infusion in lowering analgesic requirement and decreasing the intensity of pain score after cesarean delivery. Methods. Sixty-four patients who underwent cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia were included in this medical record review: 32 patients received magnesium infusion after cesarean delivery for treatment of mild preeclampsia (Mg group); 32 patients received routine post-cesarean delivery care (control group). Primary outcome was total analgesic consumption and secondary was visual analogue scores (VAS) of pain in each group during the first 24 hours following delivery. These measures were compared using Student's t-tests and Mann-Whitney U-tests. Results. Our study found that patients in the Mg group had significantly less requirement for analgesia than the control group. In the 24 h after cesarean delivery, the Mg group received significantly less intravenous ketorolac (the standard initial rescue analgesic agent) when compared to the control group (79 ± 23 mg vs. 90 ± 0 mg; P = 0.008). The Mg group also received significantly less intravenous morphine equivalents than the control group (median 5.0 (IRQ: 0.0 – 10.0) vs. 9.3 (IRQ: 6.0 – 21.1); P = 0.001) during the first 24 h after cesarean delivery. The Mg group also had significantly lower VAS pain scores than the control group (median 1.75 (IRQ: 0.4 – 2.6) vs. median 3.2 (IRQ: 2.3 – 4.5); P
https://ift.tt/2QKYWiI
Medicine by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos,Crete 72100,Greece,tel :00302841026182 & 00306932607174
Τετάρτη 14 Νοεμβρίου 2018
Parturient on Magnesium Infusion and Its Effectiveness as an Adjuvant Analgesic after Cesarean Delivery: A Retrospective Analysis
Reducing Impact Loading in Runners: A One-Year Follow-up
Increased vertical impact loading during running has been associated with a variety of running related injuries including stress fractures, patellofemoral pain, and plantar fasciitis. Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the acute and long-term effect of a gait retraining program aimed at teaching runners with high impact loading to run softer. Methods Nineteen runners with high tibial shock (TS) first underwent a control period of eight sessions of treadmill running over 2 wk, progressing from 15 to 30 min. This was followed by eight sessions of gait retraining over 2 wk using the identical treadmill protocol. Real-time feedback of TS was provided as the participant ran. Feedback was gradually removed during the last four sessions. Variables of interest included peak TS, vertical impact peak and vertical average loading rate, and vertical instantaneous loading rate. These variables were assessed at intervals following the retraining and at a 1-yr follow-up. Results All variables of interest were significantly reduced post-retraining (Phttps://ift.tt/2RXwaf5
Range of Extension Correlates with Posterior Capsule Length after Knee Remobilization
Introduction Knee injuries are common in sports, and postinjury immobilization is often required to protect healing tissues and alleviate pain, but both the injury and the immobilization can lead to a knee contracture. Knee flexion contractures limit performance. Previous research has identified posterior knee capsule fibrosis as a contributor to immobility-induced knee flexion contractures. This study aims to measure posterior knee capsule length at various durations of remobilization after knee immobilization and to correlate with the recovery of knee range of motion. Methods Two hundred fifty-nine male Sprague-Dawley rats had one knee extra-articularly immobilized in flexion with a Delrin® plate at a 45° angle for one of six durations: 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, or 32 wk, followed by spontaneous remobilization after plate removal, which lasted zero, one, two, and four times the duration of immobilization. The contralateral knees served as controls. The posterior knee capsule length was measured by histomorphometry. These measures were correlated with previously published range of motion data from the same cohort of specimens. Results Knees immobilized for 1 and 2 wk partially recovered posterior capsule length (P > 0.05). Knees immobilized beyond 2 wk failed to recover posterior capsule length, irrespective of the duration of remobilization (Phttps://ift.tt/2DCTnQo
Long-Term Links between Physical Activity and Sleep Quality
Purpose Findings from cross-sectional research indicate that the relationship between sleep quality and physical activity is mixed. For research that does indicate a significant association, the interpretation of the finding most often is that physical activity leads to better sleep, or less frequently, that better sleep leads to more involvement in physical activity (see sleep deprivation studies). Cross-sectional studies, however, are not able to assess the direction of these effects, and experimental studies have tested only one direction of the effects. Longitudinal studies, with their focus on temporal order, are needed to specifically examine the link between sleep and physical activity as well as the direction of effects. The current study had three goals: to examine 1) the longitudinal relationship between sleep and physical activity, 2) the direction of effects, and 3) whether emotion regulation mediates the relationship between sleep and physical activity. Methods Participants included a sample of 827 (Mage at baseline = 19.04 yr, SD = 0.92 yr, 73.88% female) students at a university in Southwestern Ontario, who took part in a larger longitudinal survey that started in their first year of university. Participants were surveyed annually for 3 yr (2011, 2012, 2013; retention, 83.9%). Measures assessed sleep quality, physical activity, emotion regulation, and involvement in sports clubs. Results A cross-lagged autoregressive path analysis revealed that sleep quality indirectly predicted increased high-, moderate-, and low-intensity physical activity over time through its positive effect on emotion regulation. Moderate levels of physical activity indirectly predicted sleep quality over time through emotion regulation. Conclusions Overall, there appears to be support for a bidirectional relationship between sleep and physical activity over time (at least for moderate physical activity) but only indirectly through emotion regulation.https://ift.tt/2RTfRQs
Basophil Activation Test: Old and New Applications in Allergy
Abstract
Purpose of Review
The basophil activation test (BAT) using flow cytometry has supplanted traditional methods of measuring basophil degranulation using histamine and other mediator release, and can be used for clinical applications as well as to explore the immune mechanisms of effector cell response to allergen. This review discusses the advancements made in clinical, diagnostic and laboratory research of allergy utilizing an ever-evolving BAT.
Recent Findings
Being an in vitro surrogate of the allergic reaction that happens in vivo in the sick patient, the BAT can be used to support the diagnosis of various allergic conditions, such as food, drug, respiratory and insect venom allergies, and the assessment of clinical response to allergen-specific immunotherapy and other immunomodulatory treatments. The BAT can also be used for research purposes to explore the mechanisms of allergy and tolerance at the level of the basophil, for instance by manipulating IgE and IgG and their receptors and by studying intracellular signalling cascade in response to allergen.
Summary
This review covers the applications of the BAT to the clinical management of allergic patients and the increased understanding of the mechanisms of immune response to allergens as well as technological advancements made in recent years.
https://ift.tt/2K4pj0B
Increased salivary AKR1B10 level: association with progression and poor prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma
Abstract
Background
Aldo‐keto reductase family 1 member B10 (AKR1B10) expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) tissue specimens is correlated with the progression and prognosis of OSCC.
Methods
Saliva samples were obtained from 35 normal controls and 86 patients with OSCC before cancer surgery. The AKR1B10 levels were determined using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Results
The mean salivary AKR1B10 levels were significantly higher in the patients with OSCC than in the normal controls (P < .001). Higher salivary AKR1B10 levels were significantly associated with larger tumor size, more advanced clinical stage, and areca quid chewing habit. Patients with OSCC with a higher salivary AKR1B10 level (>646 pg/mL) had a significantly poorer survival than those with a lower (≤646 pg/mL) salivary AKR1B10 level (P = .026).
Conclusion
The salivary AKR1B10 level may be a promising biomarker for screening high‐risk patients with OSCC and monitoring the progression of OSCC.
https://ift.tt/2K3oa9m
Basophil Activation Test: Old and New Applications in Allergy
Abstract
Purpose of Review
The basophil activation test (BAT) using flow cytometry has supplanted traditional methods of measuring basophil degranulation using histamine and other mediator release, and can be used for clinical applications as well as to explore the immune mechanisms of effector cell response to allergen. This review discusses the advancements made in clinical, diagnostic and laboratory research of allergy utilizing an ever-evolving BAT.
Recent Findings
Being an in vitro surrogate of the allergic reaction that happens in vivo in the sick patient, the BAT can be used to support the diagnosis of various allergic conditions, such as food, drug, respiratory and insect venom allergies, and the assessment of clinical response to allergen-specific immunotherapy and other immunomodulatory treatments. The BAT can also be used for research purposes to explore the mechanisms of allergy and tolerance at the level of the basophil, for instance by manipulating IgE and IgG and their receptors and by studying intracellular signalling cascade in response to allergen.
Summary
This review covers the applications of the BAT to the clinical management of allergic patients and the increased understanding of the mechanisms of immune response to allergens as well as technological advancements made in recent years.
https://ift.tt/2K4pj0B
AINS - Anästhesiologie · Intensivmedizin · Notfallmedizin · Schmerztherapie 2018; S 01 Article in Thieme...
AINS - Anästhesiologie · Intensivmedizin · Notfallmedizin · Schmerztherapie 2018; S 01
Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents | Congress
https://ift.tt/2RSOXYQ
Traumatische Verletzungen des zentralen Nervensystems
Anästhesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 2018; 53: 668-681
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-118969
Traumatische Verletzungen des zentralen Nervensystems stellen die Folge einer äußeren Gewalteinwirkung auf Gehirn oder Rückenmark dar. Sowohl das Schädel-Hirn-Trauma als auch das spinale Trauma sind dynamische Krankheitsbilder, die besondere Anforderungen an Diagnostik und Therapie stellen und somit in spezialisierten Zentren versorgt werden sollten.
[...]
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents | Abstract | Full text
https://ift.tt/2K2VRbh
Gefährliche Verzögerung: Warten erhöht Mortalität bei Sepsis
Anästhesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 2018; 53: 644-645
DOI: 10.1055/a-0727-4782
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents | Full text
https://ift.tt/2B3I01A
Neurointensivmedizin: aneurysmatische Subarachnoidalblutung – State of the Art
Anästhesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 2018; 53: 654-667
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-118963
Die spontane, nicht traumatische Subarachnoidalblutung ist eine lebensbedrohliche Erkrankung, die mit vielfältigen Komplikationen und einer hohen Morbidität und Mortalität vergesellschaftet ist. In den ersten 24 Stunden hat die Ausschaltung der Blutungsursache Vorrang. Die Patienten sollen intensivmedizinisch überwacht und behandelt werden. Stringente Diagnostik und konsequente Behandlung verbessern das Outcome der Patienten nachweislich.
[...]
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents | Abstract | Full text
https://ift.tt/2K0b4JZ
ICU: längeres Überleben durch Delirprophylaxe mit Haloperidol?
Anästhesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 2018; 53: 645-645
DOI: 10.1055/a-0727-5752
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents | Full text
https://ift.tt/2K3A4jF
Geburtshilfliche Anästhesie und postoperative Überwachung
Anästhesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 2018; 53: 696-702
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-111309
Die von ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) und SOAP (Society for Obstetric Anesthesia and Perinatology) für das Jahr 2016 aktualisierten Leitlinien sind eine Handlungsempfehlung in erster Linie für Anästhesisten, die auf das anästhesiologische Management Gebärender, nicht operative und operative Entbindung sowie auf die postpartale Versorgung und Analgesie fokussiert.
[...]
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents | Abstract | Full text
https://ift.tt/2K0j8KM
Mukopolysaccharidose: hohes Anästhesierisiko bei Kindern
Anästhesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 2018; 53: 645-646
DOI: 10.1055/a-0727-6682
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents | Full text
https://ift.tt/2B3HjW2
Neurointensivmedizin
Anästhesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 2018; 53: 652-653
DOI: 10.1055/a-0668-4925
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents | Full text
https://ift.tt/2B3HXmq
(Über-)Leben nach Lungenversagen: die DACAPO-Studie
Anästhesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 2018; 53: 646-647
DOI: 10.1055/a-0727-6029
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents | Full text
https://ift.tt/2K3A3fB
Schmerztherapeutische Aspekte bei Tumoroperationen
Anästhesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 2018; 53: 704-717
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-104600
Trotz einer Vielzahl von Therapieoptionen wird die Akutschmerztherapie nach onkologischen Operationen häufig als unzureichend beschrieben. Neben einer unzureichenden Akutschmerztherapie können weitere Faktoren eine Hypersensitivierung und Chronifizierung sowie den Verlauf der Tumorerkrankung beeinflussen. Dieser Beitrag erklärt pathophysiologische Hintergründe und erläutert geeignete Therapiemodalitäten.
[...]
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents | Abstract | Full text
https://ift.tt/2B3HVLk
Herzstillstand nach Infarkt: bessere Ergebnisse mit mechanischer Kreislaufunterstützung
Anästhesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 2018; 53: 647-648
DOI: 10.1055/a-0727-6465
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents | Full text
https://ift.tt/2B3Hhxo
Neuromonitoring und Therapieentscheidungen auf der Intensivstation
Anästhesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 2018; 53: 682-695
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-118971
Bei Patienten mit einer akuten Hirnschädigung besteht das Risiko einer weiteren neurologischen Verschlechterung aufgrund der Entwicklung eines sekundären Hirnschadens. Ziel des Neuromonitorings ist es frühzeitig pathophysiologische Veränderung des Gehirns zu erkennen um adäquate diagnostische und therapeutische Maßnahmen einzuleiten, um die Entstehung eines sekundären Hirnschadens zu vermeiden. Neben der klassischen Methode des klinischen Neuromonitorings bei wachen Patienten werden invasive Methoden mit Implantation von Messsonden zur Bestimmung des Hirndruckes, des zerebralen Sauerstoffpartialdruckes sowie des Hirnmetabolismus bei komatösen Patienten angewendet. Ein elektrophysiologisches Monitoring mittels Elektrokortikografie oder evozierter Potenziale sowie die Messung des zerebralen Blutflusses liefert ergänzende Informationen. Die Indikationen und die klinische Relevanz der verschiedenen Monitoring-Techniken werden im Hinblick auf eine Optimierung der Behandlung von Patienten mit akuten zerebralen Schädigungen besprochen.
[...]
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents | Abstract | Full text
https://ift.tt/2B3HUHg
„Ich muss genau hier sein!“
Anästhesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 2018; 53: 650-651
DOI: 10.1055/a-0663-1715
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents | Full text
https://ift.tt/2K0maid
Metabolische Azidose unter Paracetamol – eine ungewöhnliche Nebenwirkung
Anästhesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 2018; 53: 718-722
DOI: 10.1055/a-0636-2595
Die metabolische Azidose ist bei hospitalisierten Patienten keine Rarität. Doch nur selten ist eine metabolische Azidose mit erweiterter Anionenlücke unter chronischer Paracetamol-Therapie und konsekutiver transienter 5-Oxoprolin-Akkumulation (Pyroglutaminsäure) bei Erwachsenen beschrieben 1, 2, 3, 4. Dieser Beitrag stellt einen solchen Fall dar und erläutert die wenig bekannte Pathogenese.
[...]
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents | Abstract | Full text
https://ift.tt/2B4gnp9
Hematopoietic cell transplantation for asymptomatic X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome type 1
X-linked lymphoproliferative disease type 1 (XLP1) is a rare primary immune deficiency, which is caused by SH2D1A gene mutations. XLP1 is commonly associated with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-associated hemophagocyti...
https://ift.tt/2RRgqKk
Aberrant localization of FOXJ1 correlates with the disease severity and comorbidities in patients with nasal polyps
Upper airway inflammatory diseases are associated with abnormal expression of nasal epithelial forkhead-box J1 (FOXJ1) which regulates motile cilia formation. We sought to investigate whether aberrant FOXJ1 lo...
https://ift.tt/2DHDHva
Clinical outcomes and response of patients applying topical therapy for pyoderma gangrenosum: A prospective cohort study
Pyoderma gangrenosum is a painful ulcerating disease. The current evidence base for treatment is limited. In a large prospective study of topical treatments, 44% of patients were healed by 6 months. Ulcer size was a predictor of healing, and 15% of patients with pyoderma gangrenosum had a recurrence. Clobetasol propionate 0.05% is a potentially useful first-line therapy for patients with pyoderma gangrenosum, particularly for patients with small lesions.
https://ift.tt/2FwqfvQ
Acquired cold urticaria: Clinical features, particular phenotypes, and disease course in a tertiary care center cohort
Acquired cold urticaria (ACU) is characterized by the development of wheals, angioedema, or both after cold exposure. Age at diagnosis, disease severity, and response to the ice cube challenge test predicted both prognosis and response to therapy. Proper characterization of the type of acquired cold urticaria allows for appropriate counseling and choice of therapy.
https://ift.tt/2qLxRkd
Multivariate analysis of potential risk factors for lymph node metastasis in patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
Risk factors for metastasis from cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma are incorporated in tumor staging by the seventh edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer Cancer Staging Manual.We confirmed most risk factors, and also identified moderate differentiation as a predictor for lymph node metastasis. Moderate differentiation can be considered in tumor staging.
https://ift.tt/2qK7Lhn
Premalignant and Malignant Mucosal lesions: Clinical and Pathological Findings Part II. Premalignant and malignant mucosal lesions
Part 2 of this 2-part continuing medical education series discusses the clinical and histopathologic features of common premalignant and malignant lesions of the oral cavity. It is imperative for dermatologists to be able to recognize suspicious lesions, determine biopsy need, counsel, and refer patients presenting with premalignant or malignant conditions appropriately. Given the higher rates of mortality and morbidity of oral mucosal malignancies due to late diagnosis, appropriate treatment with multidisciplinary care in a timely manner is essential to these neoplasms.
https://ift.tt/2FoERNS
Benign Oral Mucosal Lesions: Clinical and Pathological Findings Part I- Benign Oral Mucosal lesions
A diverse spectrum of benign oral mucosal lesions exists, presenting as either isolated oral findings or in association with dermatological conditions. Oral lesions can closely resemble one another; therefore, it is important for clinicians to be able to recognize their distinctive features and recognize benign versus malignant disease and when a biopsy is warranted. 1 In this continuing medical education series, we review oral anatomy and the clinical attributes of several benign lesions of the oral cavity along with the appropriate management and therapeutic modalities.
https://ift.tt/2qOOUln
The “Rule of 10s” versus the “Rule of 2s”: High complication rates after conventional excision with postoperative margin assessment of specialty site versus trunk and proximal extremity melanomas
The "Rule of 10s" defines the high rate of complications after conventional excision of specialty site melanomas.Segregating melanomas into high- and low-risk categories for local surgical complications is an important step to develop consensus guidelines that specify indications for Mohs surgery or slow Mohs to improve outcomes.
https://ift.tt/2Fkb88H
Mast cell chymase impairs bronchial epithelium integrity by degrading cell‐junction molecules of epithelial cells
Abstract
Background
An increased degree of mast cell (MC) degranulation and damage to the epithelial lining are prominent features of bronchial asthma. In asthmatic airways, it seems likely that epithelial cells will be exposed to increased concentrations of proteases from MC, though their actions on the epithelium are still not very clear.
Methods
Bronchial rings from human lung tissue or 16HBE cell monolayer were incubated with MC‐chymase in different doses or various inhibitors. The sections of paraffin‐embedded tissue were haematoxylin‐eosin stained and computerized by image analysis for epithelial damage‐scale‐evaluation; the cell viability, proliferation, adhesion, LDH release were assayed; the expressions of gelatinases, cell‐junction molecules and structure proteins of 16HBE were examined.
Results
MC‐Chymase was found to provoke profound changes in the morphology of bronchi epithelial layer. Following incubation with chymase there was 40% reduction of the length of epithelium that was intact, with detachment of columnar epithelial cells and basal cells. Chymase reduced epithelial cell proliferation and induced cell detachment, which were associated with the changes in secretion and activation of matrix metalloproteinase‐2/9. In intact epithelial cell layers, immunocytochemistry study revealed that chymase reduced the expressions of occludin, claudin‐4, ZO‐1, E‐cadherin, focal adhesion kinase and cytokeratin. Overall data of this study indicated that MC‐chymase can influence tissue remodelling, disrupt epithelial cell‐junctions, inhibit wound healing and impair the barrier function of epithelium, resulting in dysfunction of airway wall and ECM remodelling in pathogenesis of asthma.
Conclusions
MC‐chymase plays a key role in inducing the damage to bronchial epithelium in asthma.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
https://ift.tt/2qKD2k6
New insights into the origin of mast cells
Abstract
Single‐cell RNA‐sequencing and colony‐forming assays suggest that bone marrow hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells traverse through a differentiation landscape before commitment to the mast cell and other cell lineages.1 However, the bone marrow contribution for the formation of tissue‐resident mast cells has been questioned, and the prenatal origin of mast cells was recently uncovered.2 Through fate mapping experiments Gentek et al2 elegantly demonstrated that mast cells arise during two distinct waves of the embryonic development, one from the yolk sac and the other via the aorta‐gonad‐mesonephros.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
https://ift.tt/2FpQc0d
Modified bolster dressing with continuous suction improves skin graft survival for an oral cavity wound
Skin engraftment of intraoral defects is known to be inconsistent due to mobility of the oral structure, uneven wounds, and accumulation of saliva under the skin graft. To improve the success rate of oral skin...
https://ift.tt/2FmFOGq
Prognostic impact of regression in patients with primary cutaneous melanoma >1 mm in thickness
The impact of histologic regression on sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) status and on clinical outcome is uncertain.
https://ift.tt/2PuJ6fu
Management of Complex Arteriovenous Malformations Using a Novel Combination Therapeutic Algorithm
https://ift.tt/2xpldet
Machine Learning and Health Care Disparities in Dermatology
https://ift.tt/2LLoJsz
Antiphospholipid Syndrome Following Pembrolizumab Treatment of Stage IIIB Unresectable Melanoma
https://ift.tt/2xpkCtf
Avoiding and Managing Medicare Fraud and Abuse Investigations of Mohs Surgery
https://ift.tt/2AS7EYS
An Atypical Figurate Erythema With Seasonal Recurrences
https://ift.tt/2LHsjnv
Vasculitis
https://ift.tt/2OP4nfG
Predictions, Surprises, and the Future of the Dermatology Workforce
https://ift.tt/2MQgvjC
Complementary and Alternative Medicine Therapies for Psoriasis
https://ift.tt/2PGOlUT
Introducing “Images in Dermatology”
https://ift.tt/2P9rvFE
An Atrophic and Spiny Eruption of the Palms
https://ift.tt/2N8U30N
Translating Data on Trends in Disease Management to Decisions
https://ift.tt/2PPtpLB
Alopecia Universalis and Chronic Graft-vs-Host Disease Treated With Ruxolitinib
https://ift.tt/2NZNpyK
Exercise for Leg Ulcers
https://ift.tt/2P31Kqp
Comparison of Dermatologist Density Between Urban and Rural Counties in the United States
https://ift.tt/2NPkTf5
Glycolic Acid Plus Lovastatin-Cholesterol Combination Cream to Treat Congenital Ichthyoses
https://ift.tt/2MpSj2i
Trajectories of Nevus Development From Age 3 to 16 Years in the Colorado Kids Sun Care Program Cohort
https://ift.tt/2MpSvyy
Acrodermatitis Continua of Hallopeau
https://ift.tt/2P5R4Yb
Use of Actinic Keratosis Destruction in the Medicare Part B Fee-for-Service Population
https://ift.tt/2PPrI0N
Exercise-induced anaphylaxis associated with the use of bee pollen
The use of alternative and complementary medicine, including herbal supplements, is widespread in the United States. Some supplements have been associated with allergic reactions, even anaphylaxis. One such over-the-counter (OTC) supplement is bee pollen. This product is derived from pollen loads collected by honeybees and held together via enzymes secreted in the saliva of the bees. It contains various pollens that can vary based on the path of the individual insect as well the geographical location and associated plant species.
https://ift.tt/2DkITEs
Too Many Thyroid Ultrasound Exams Lead to an Increase in the Diagnosis of Low-Risk Thyroid Cancer
Clinical Thyroidology, Volume 30, Issue 11, Page 519-522, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2OIUXRK
Randomized, Controlled Trials Show That Treatment of Subclinical Hypothyroidism Does Not Improve Quality of Life, Cognition, Blood Pressure, or BMI
Clinical Thyroidology, Volume 30, Issue 11, Page 496-499, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2z8njjK
Which Factors Predict the Outcome of Ablative Radioactive Iodine Treatment of Hyperthyroid Graves' Disease?
Clinical Thyroidology, Volume 30, Issue 11, Page 500-504, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2ODUi4h
Levothyroxine Treatment Improves Miscarriage Risk, But Not Live Birth Rates, in Women with Subclinical Hypothyroidism or TPO Antibody Positivity Undergoing ART
Clinical Thyroidology, Volume 30, Issue 11, Page 526-528, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2z8nf3u
A Thyroid Hormone Transporter Mutant Causes Delayed Hypothyroidism Selectively in the Brain
Clinical Thyroidology, Volume 30, Issue 11, Page 505-507, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2OIUQpi
Vemurafenib Restores Radioiodine Uptake in Some Metastatic Thyroid Cancers
Clinical Thyroidology, Volume 30, Issue 11, Page 516-518, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2z8SSda
High-Dose Radioactive Iodine Ablation Decreases Local Recurrence for High-Risk Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Clinical Thyroidology, Volume 30, Issue 11, Page 508-510, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2OKJKjV
Symptoms Strongly Drive the Consideration of Alternative Thyroid Hormone–Replacement Options in Patients with Hypothyroidism
Clinical Thyroidology, Volume 30, Issue 11, Page 523-525, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2z9Q5Ac
Low-Dose Radioiodine Ablation Is Equally Effective as High-Dose Ablation in Patients with Low-Risk Thyroid Cancer on Long-Term Follow-up
Clinical Thyroidology, Volume 30, Issue 11, Page 511-515, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2OJejqc
CASE REPORT: An Extensively Necrotic Hürthle-Cell Carcinoma Mimicked a Thyroid Abscess
Clinical Thyroidology, Volume 30, Issue 11, Page 529-533, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2zb1Xlv
Confounders of severe asthma: diagnoses to consider when asthma symptoms persist despite optimal therapy
Asthma can often be challenging to diagnose especially when patients present with atypical symptoms. Therefore, it is important to have a broad differential diagnosis for asthma to ensure that other conditions...
https://ift.tt/2Tixvyy
MM-398 and Ramucirumab in Treating Patients With Gastric Cancer or Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma
Interventions: Drug: Liposomal Irinotecan; Other: Quality-of-Life Assessment; Other: Questionnaire Administration; Biological: Ramucirumab
Sponsors: University of Southern California; National Cancer Institute (NCI); Ipsen
Not yet recruiting
https://ift.tt/2B656EF
Study Evaluating Safety and Efficacy of Bimiralisib in Patients With Head and Neck Squameous Cell Carcinoma
Intervention: Drug: Bimiralisib
Sponsor: PIQUR Therapeutics AG
Not yet recruiting
https://ift.tt/2K2G78h
Binary Oncolytic Adenovirus in Combination With HER2-Specific CAR VST, Advanced HER2 Positive Solid Tumors (VISTA)
Intervention: Biological: CAdVEC
Sponsors: Baylor College of Medicine; The Methodist Hospital System; Texas Children's Hospital
Not yet recruiting
https://ift.tt/2B5fCMA
Reduced Itch Associated With Dupilumab Treatment In 4 Patients With Prurigo Nodularis
https://ift.tt/2QI3czt
A Meta-analysis of Benefits and Harms of Omalizumab in Patients With Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria
https://ift.tt/2PugP8I
Coral Dermatitis
https://ift.tt/2QI90Jp
Dupilumab Treatment for Generalized Prurigo Nodularis
https://ift.tt/2Pugx1C
Factors Associated With Persistent Atopic Dermatitis in Children
https://ift.tt/2QI39DN
Bilateral Round Scar-like Lesions on the Face of a Young Man
https://ift.tt/2PuNZVM
A phase I clinical study of a cocktail vaccine of Wilms’ tumor 1 (WT1) HLA class I and II peptides for recurrent malignant glioma
Abstract
Purpose
The safety and clinical efficacy of WT1 human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I peptide vaccine have been established, but the safety of a cocktail vaccine of WT1 HLA class I and II peptides has not. To verify its safety, we performed a phase I clinical trial for patients with recurrent malignant gliomas and assessed the immunological responses and survival data.
Patients and methods
Fourteen HLA-A*24:02-positive patients with recurrent malignant glioma (2 with grade 3, 12 with grade 4) were enrolled. Every week, the patients received alternately a vaccine containing 3 mg of WT1 HLA-A*24:02-restricted (HLA class I) peptide and a cocktail vaccine of the HLA class I peptide and one of 0.75, 1.5 or 3 mg of the WT1 HLA class II peptide. For patients who showed no significant adverse effects within 6 weeks, the WT1 vaccine was continued at 2–4-week intervals.
Results
Eleven of the 14 patients completed WT1 vaccination for 6 weeks, while 3 patients dropped out earlier due to disease progression. All patients showed grade I level of skin disorders at the injection sites. No grade III/IV toxicity or dose-limiting toxicity was observed for any dose of WT1 HLA class II peptide. Six of the 14 patients had stable disease at 6 weeks. Median OS and 1-year OS rates were 24.7 weeks and 36%, respectively.
Conclusion
The safety of a cocktail vaccine of WT1 HLA class I and II peptides for malignant gliomas was verified. This vaccine is, therefore, considered promising for patients with recurrent malignant glioma.
https://ift.tt/2B6ELGK
Could Music Minimize Discomfort and Pain During Office-Based ENT Surgery?
Background. Video-assisted endoscopic radiofrequency inferior turbinate volume reduction (RFVTR) is one of the most common surgical therapies for inferior turbinate hypertrophy (ITH). Despite all the technical and surgical advancement, it is advisable to reduce as low as possible the intraoperative discomfort. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of music in reducing patient discomfort during RFVTR. Materials and Methods. Twenty-three patients with chronic nasal obstruction due to ITH and candidate to RFVTR are included. Before the procedure each patient filled in a completed Italian version of the state anxiety questionnaire (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory), SNOT 22 questionnaire, VAS, and chose their favourite music to be played during RFVTR. All patients evaluate the intraoperative discomfort with a visual analog scale (VAS) and for each patient, vital parameters such as blood pressure and heart rate were recorded 15 minutes before the procedure, during and after RFVTR. Results. The intraoperative VAS scores during listening to music (5.7 ± 2.42 vs 6.7 ± 1.97; p
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What to Teach? Conceptualising a Geography Curriculum
Standish, A; (2018) What to Teach? Conceptualising a Geography Curriculum. Journal of Geographical Research , 68 pp. 73-88. 10.6234/JGR.201805_(68).0004 .
https://ift.tt/2RUKUv7
Frontostriatal Dysfunction During Decision Making in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Norman, LJ; Carlisi, CO; Christakou, A; Murphy, CM; Chantiluke, K; Giampietro, V; Simmons, A; ... Rubia, K; + view all Norman, LJ; Carlisi, CO; Christakou, A; Murphy, CM; Chantiluke, K; Giampietro, V; Simmons, A; Brammer, M; Mataix-Cols, D; Rubia, K; - view fewer (2018) Frontostriatal Dysfunction During Decision Making in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging , 3 (8) pp. 694-703. 10.1016/j.bpsc.2018.03.009 . Green open access
https://ift.tt/2DDuNyV
Morals on the margins: commerce, trust and public service in Louisbourg, 1758-60
Graham, AB; (2019) Morals on the margins: commerce, trust and public service in Louisbourg, 1758-60. In: Brahm, F and Rosenhaft, E, (eds.) Moralizing Commerce in a Globalizing World. Oxford University Press: Oxford, UK. (In press).
https://ift.tt/2RU8Yy2
Estimating relative chromophore concentrations from multiwavelength photoacoustic images using independent component analysis
An, L; Cox, BT; (2018) Estimating relative chromophore concentrations from multiwavelength photoacoustic images using independent component analysis. Journal of Biomedical Optics , 23 (7) , Article 076007. 10.1117/1.JBO.23.7.076007 . Green open access
https://ift.tt/2DDuO5X
Integration of oncology and palliative care: a Lancet Oncology Commission
Kaasa, S; Loge, JH; Aapro, M; Albreht, T; Anderson, R; Bruera, E; Brunelli, C; ... Lundeby, T; + view all Kaasa, S; Loge, JH; Aapro, M; Albreht, T; Anderson, R; Bruera, E; Brunelli, C; Caraceni, A; Cervantes, A; Currow, DC; Deliens, L; Fallon, M; Gómez-Batiste, X; Grotmol, KS; Hannon, B; Haugen, DF; Higginson, IJ; Hjermstad, MJ; Hui, D; Jordan, K; Kurita, GP; Larkin, PJ; Miccinesi, G; Nauck, F; Pribakovic, R; Rodin, G; Sjøgren, P; Stone, P; Zimmermann, C; Lundeby, T; - view fewer (2018) Integration of oncology and palliative care: a Lancet Oncology Commission. Lancet Oncology , 19 (11) 10.1016/S1470-2045(18)30415-7 .
https://ift.tt/2RWBMGt
Variability of the Ross Gyre, Southern Ocean: Drivers and Responses Revealed by Satellite Altimetry
Dotto, TS; Garabato, AN; Bacon, S; Tsamados, M; Holland, PR; Hooley, J; Frajka-Williams, E; ... Meredith, MP; + view all Dotto, TS; Garabato, AN; Bacon, S; Tsamados, M; Holland, PR; Hooley, J; Frajka-Williams, E; Ridout, A; Meredith, MP; - view fewer (2018) Variability of the Ross Gyre, Southern Ocean: Drivers and Responses Revealed by Satellite Altimetry. Geophysical Research Letters , 45 (12) pp. 6195-6204. 10.1029/2018GL078607 . Green open access
https://ift.tt/2DGiqCr
Are early-life antecedents of suicide mortality associated with psychiatric disorders and suicidal ideation in midlife?
Geoffroy, M-C; Gunnell, D; Clark, C; Power, C; (2018) Are early-life antecedents of suicide mortality associated with psychiatric disorders and suicidal ideation in midlife? Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica , 137 (2) pp. 116-124. 10.1111/acps.12844 .
https://ift.tt/2RRYKhW
Citizens and soldiers in archaic Athens
Van Wees, JGB; (2018) Citizens and soldiers in archaic Athens. In: duplouy, A and brock, R, (eds.) Defining Citizenship in Archaic Greece. (pp. 103-143). Oxford University Press: Oxford, UK.
https://ift.tt/2DBagLz
Improving weak lensing mass map reconstructions using Gaussian and sparsity priors: application to DES SV
Jeffrey, N; Abdalla, FB; Lahav, O; Lanusse, F; Starck, J-L; Leonard, A; Kirk, D; ... DES Collaboration, .; + view all Jeffrey, N; Abdalla, FB; Lahav, O; Lanusse, F; Starck, J-L; Leonard, A; Kirk, D; Chang, C; Baxter, E; Kacprzak, T; Seitz, S; Vikram, V; Whiteway, L; Abbott, TMC; Allam, S; Avila, S; Bertin, E; Brooks, D; Carnero Rosell, A; Kind, MC; Carretero, J; Castander, FJ; Crocce, M; Cunha, CE; D'Andrea, CB; da Costa, LN; Davis, C; De Vicente, J; Desai, S; Doel, P; Eifler, TF; Evrard, AE; Flaugher, B; Fosalba, P; Frieman, J; Garcia-Bellido, J; Gerdes, DW; Gruen, D; Gruendl, RA; Gschwend, J; Gutierrez, G; Hartley, WG; Honscheid, K; Hoyle, B; James, DJ; Jarvis, M; Kuehn, K; Lima, M; Lin, H; March, M; Melchior, P; Menanteau, F; Miquel, R; Plazas, AA; Reil, K; Roodman, A; Sanchez, E; Scarpine, V; Schubnell, M; Sevilla-Noarbe, I; Smith, M; Soares-Santos, M; Sobreira, F; Suchyta, E; Swanson, MEC; Tarle, G; Thomas, D; Walker, AR; DES Collaboration, .; - view fewer (2018) Improving weak lensing mass map reconstructions using Gaussian and sparsity priors: application to DES SV. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society , 479 (3) pp. 2871-2888. 10.1093/mnras/sty1252 . Green open access
https://ift.tt/2RRe1zm
Career Adaptability Mediates the Effect of Trait Emotional Intelligence on Academic Engagement
Merino-Tejedor, E; Hontangas, PM; Petrides, KV; (2018) Career Adaptability Mediates the Effect of Trait Emotional Intelligence on Academic Engagement. Revista de Psicodidáctica , 23 (2) pp. 77-85. 10.1016/j.psicod.2017.10.001 .
https://ift.tt/2DEs08y
Fermentable carbohydrate stimulates FFAR2-dependent colonic PYY cell expansion to increase satiety
Brooks, L; Viardot, A; Tsakmaki, A; Stolarczyk, E; Howard, JK; Cani, PD; Everard, A; ... Bewick, GA; + view all Brooks, L; Viardot, A; Tsakmaki, A; Stolarczyk, E; Howard, JK; Cani, PD; Everard, A; Sleeth, ML; Psichas, A; Anastasovskaj, J; Bell, JD; Bell-Anderson, K; Mackay, CR; Ghatei, MA; Bloom, SR; Frost, G; Bewick, GA; - view fewer (2017) Fermentable carbohydrate stimulates FFAR2-dependent colonic PYY cell expansion to increase satiety. Molecular Metabolism , 6 (1) pp. 48-60. 10.1016/j.molmet.2016.10.011 . Green open access
https://ift.tt/2RQFi51
Dynamic Allostery in PLC gamma 1 and Its Modulation by a Cancer Mutation Revealed by MD Simulation and NMR
Koss, H; Bunney, TD; Esposito, D; Martins, M; Katan, M; Driscoll, PC; (2018) Dynamic Allostery in PLC gamma 1 and Its Modulation by a Cancer Mutation Revealed by MD Simulation and NMR. Biophysical Journal , 115 (1) pp. 31-45. 10.1016/j.bpj.2018.05.031 . Green open access
https://ift.tt/2DBal1P
Space-time modelling of terrorism and counter-terrorism
Tench, Stephen Ashley; (2018) Space-time modelling of terrorism and counter-terrorism. Doctoral thesis (Ph.D), UCL (University College London). Green open access
https://ift.tt/2RRYz6g
Neural computations underpinning the strategic management of influence in advice giving
Hertz, U; Palminteri, S; Brunetti, S; Olesen, C; Frith, CD; Bahrami, B; (2017) Neural computations underpinning the strategic management of influence in advice giving. Nature Communications , 8 , Article 2191. 10.1038/s41467-017-02314-5 . Green open access
https://ift.tt/2DELUR0
Higher convection volume exchange with online hemodiafiltration is associated with survival advantage for dialysis patients: the effect of adjustment for body size
Davenport, A; Peters, SAE; Bots, ML; Canaud, B; Grooteman, MPC; Asci, G; Locatelli, F; ... Blankestijn, PJ; + view all Davenport, A; Peters, SAE; Bots, ML; Canaud, B; Grooteman, MPC; Asci, G; Locatelli, F; Maduell, F; Morena, M; Nube, MJ; Ok, E; Torres, F; Woodward, M; Blankestijn, PJ; - view fewer (2016) Higher convection volume exchange with online hemodiafiltration is associated with survival advantage for dialysis patients: the effect of adjustment for body size. Kidney International , 89 (1) pp. 193-199. 10.1038/ki.2015.264 . Green open access
https://ift.tt/2RVR5iA
Mortality After Pediatric Arterial Ischemic Stroke
Beslow, LA; Dowling, MM; Hassanein, SMA; Lynch, JK; Zafeiriou, D; Sun, LR; Kopyta, I; ... Lee, J; + view all Beslow, LA; Dowling, MM; Hassanein, SMA; Lynch, JK; Zafeiriou, D; Sun, LR; Kopyta, I; Titomanlio, L; Kolk, A; Chan, A; Biller, J; Grabowski, EF; Abdalla, AA; Mackay, MT; DeVeber, G; Ashwal, S; Ferriero, D; Fullerton, H; Ichord, R; Kirkham, F; O'Callaghan, F; Pavlakis, S; Sebire, G; Willan, A; Kirton, A; Goldenberg, N; Saengpattrachai, M; Crosswell, H; Rivkin, M; Bjornson, B; Tatishvili, N; Brankovic-Sreckovic, V; Bernard, T; Armstrong, J; Humphreys, P; Heyer, G; Fryer, R; Yeh, A; Billinghurst, L; Khoury, C; Abraham, L; Whelan, H; Nowak-Gottl, U; Wainwright, M; Condie, J; Carpenter, J; Holzhauer, S; Guang, Y; Zou, LP; Taylor, JM; Friedman, N; Conto, L; Sultan, S; Elkind, M; Torres, M; Zecavati, N; Ganesan, V; Alveal, LA; Troncoso, M; Altuna, D; Soler, PG; Gonzalez, V; Moharir, M; Dlamini, N; Xavier, F; Buckley, D; Hegde, A; Miteff, C; Felling, R; Toma, A; Ashwal, S; McClure, C; Cardona, F; Deray, M; Jordan, L; Paolicchi, J; Kovacevic, G; Lo, W; Chung, M; Lee, J; - view fewer (2018) Mortality After Pediatric Arterial Ischemic Stroke. Pediatrics , 141 (5) , Article e20174146. 10.1542/peds.2017-4146 .
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Measurement of Muscle Strength in Haemodialysis Patients by Pinch and Hand Grip Strength and Comparison to Lean Body Mass Measured by Multifrequency Bio-Electrical Impedance
Omichi, Y; Srivareerat, M; Panorchan, K; Greenhall, GHB; Gupta, S; Davenport, A; (2016) Measurement of Muscle Strength in Haemodialysis Patients by Pinch and Hand Grip Strength and Comparison to Lean Body Mass Measured by Multifrequency Bio-Electrical Impedance. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism , 68 (4) pp. 268-275. 10.1159/000447023 . Green open access
https://ift.tt/2RSo07o
Author Correction: Defective Gpsm2/G alpha(i3) signalling disrupts stereocilia development and growth cone actin dynamics in Chudley-McCullough syndrome (vol 8, 14907, 2017)
Mauriac, SA; Hien, YE; Bird, JE; Carvalho, SD-S; Peyroutou, R; Lee, SC; Moreau, MM; ... Montcouquiol, M; + view all Mauriac, SA; Hien, YE; Bird, JE; Carvalho, SD-S; Peyroutou, R; Lee, SC; Moreau, MM; Blanc, J-M; Gezer, A; Medina, C; Thoumine, O; Beer-Hammer, S; Friedman, TB; Ruttiger, L; Forge, A; Nurnberg, B; Sans, N; Montcouquiol, M; - view fewer (2018) Author Correction: Defective Gpsm2/G alpha(i3) signalling disrupts stereocilia development and growth cone actin dynamics in Chudley-McCullough syndrome (vol 8, 14907, 2017). Nature Communications , 9 , Article 16188. 10.1038/ncomms16188 . Green open access
https://ift.tt/2DEJe5E
Facile synthesis of hierarchical Cu2O nanocubes as visible light photocatalysts
Kumar, S; Parlett, CMA; Isaacs, MA; Jowett, DV; Douthwaite, RE; Cockett, MCR; Lee, AF; (2016) Facile synthesis of hierarchical Cu2O nanocubes as visible light photocatalysts. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental , 189 pp. 226-232. 10.1016/j.apcatb.2016.02.038 . Green open access
https://ift.tt/2RWBCPn
C reactive protein and depressive symptoms in hemodialysis patients: A questionable association
Chilcot, J; Friedli, K; Guirguis, A; Wellsted, D; Farrington, K; Davenport, A; (2017) C reactive protein and depressive symptoms in hemodialysis patients: A questionable association. Hemodialysis International , 21 (4) pp. 542-548. 10.1111/hdi.12500 . Green open access
https://ift.tt/2DEaX6M
Targeting the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages and modulating mir-155 expression might be a new approach to treat diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the elderly
Abstract
Aging immune deterioration and Epstein–Barr (EBV) intrinsic mechanisms play an essential role in EBV-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of the elderly (EBV + DLBCLe) pathogenesis, through the expression of viral proteins, interaction with host molecules and epigenetic regulation, such as miR-155, required for induction of M1 phenotype of macrophages. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between macrophage polarization pattern in the tumor microenvironment and relative expression of miR-155 in EBV + DLBCLe and EBV-negative DLBCL patients. We studied 28 EBV + DLBCLe and 65 EBV-negative DLBCL patients. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) were evaluated by expression of CD68, CD163 and CD163/CD68 ratio (degree of M2 polarization), using tissue microarray. RNA was extracted from paraffin-embedded tumor samples for miR-155 relative expression study. We found a significantly higher CD163/CD68 ratio in EBV + DLBCLe compared to EBV-negative DLBCL. In EBV-negative DLBCL, CD163/CD68 ratio was higher among advanced-staged/high-tumor burden disease and overexpression of miR-155 was associated with decreased polarization to the M2 phenotype of macrophages. The opposite was observed in EBV + DLBCLe patients: we found a positive association between miR-155 relative expression and CD163/CD68 ratio, which was not significant after outlier exclusion. We believe that the higher CD163/CD68 ratio in this group is probably due to the presence of the EBV since it directly affects macrophage polarization towards M2 phenotype through cytokine secretion in the tumor microenvironment. Therapeutic strategies modulating miR-155 expression or preventing immuno-regulatory and pro-tumor macrophage polarization could be adjuvants in EBV + DLBCLe therapy since this entity has a rich infiltration of M2 macrophages in its tumor microenvironment.
https://ift.tt/2PZBFwh
La relation médecin/malade : d’un tact dermatologique
Publication date: Available online 13 November 2018
Source: Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie
Author(s): E. Fiat
https://ift.tt/2DlHqxF
Modified bolster dressing with continuous suction improves skin graft survival for an oral cavity wound
Abstract
Background
Skin engraftment of intraoral defects is known to be inconsistent due to mobility of the oral structure, uneven wounds, and accumulation of saliva under the skin graft. To improve the success rate of oral skin graft, we proposed a novel and simple dressing technique for intraoral skin graft to control saliva accumulation, in comparison with the conventional bolster dressing.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 31 patients reconstructed with skin graft in their intraoral defect. The patients were divided into two groups; conventional bolster group (n = 21) and modified bolster group (n = 10). In the modified bolster group, a polyvinyl alcohol sponge was designed to fit the skin graft and a suction drain was inserted with tagging suture to apply continuous suction. We analyzed the success rate, the size of the skin grafts and clinical variables of each method.
Results
The overall success rate of oral skin graft was not different between the two groups (90.0 and 90.5%). However, partial necrosis in the engrafted skin was observed frequently in the control group (57.1% versus 20.0%). The relative engrafted area was significantly higher in the modified bolster group (55.0 ± 11.6% versus 23.0 ± 18.7%, p = 0.015). The duration of bolster dressing and the time to start an oral diet were shorter in the modified bolster group.
Conclusions
Our modified method could be easily applied for removing saliva accumulation under a skin graft and for enhancing skin engraftment of an oral cavity wound.
https://ift.tt/2K579vE
Persistent IKKα phosphorylation induced apoptosis in UVB and Poly I:C co-treated HaCaT cells plausibly through pro-apoptotic p73 and abrogation of IκBα
Publication date: December 2018
Source: Molecular Immunology, Volume 104
Author(s): Wuxiyar Otkur, Fang Wang, Weiwei Liu, Toshihiko Hayashi, Shin-ichi Tashiro, Satoshi Onodera, Takashi Ikejima
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), a member of pattern recognition receptors, is reported to initiate skin inflammation by recognizing double-strand RNA (dsRNA) released from UVB-irradiated cells. Recently, we have discovered the NF-κB pathway activated by TLR3 is involved in apoptosis of UVB-Poly I:C-treated HaCaT cells. The real culprit for apoptosis has not been precisely identified since the system of NF-κB pathway is complex. In this study, we silenced main transcriptional factors in NF-κB family, RelA, RelB and c-Rel, but to our surprise the results show that none of them participate in apoptosis induction in UVB-Poly I:C-treated HaCaT cells. Therefore, we moved to investigate the apoptosis-associated molecules in the upstream of NF-κB pathway. We firstly checked the expression of IκBα, an NF-κB inhibitor. UVB (4.8 mJ/cm2) and Poly I:C (0.3 μg/mL) co-treatment decreased IκBα expression level in a time-dependent manner. Silencing IκBα with siRNA further enhanced UVB-Poly I:C-induced cell death. We then investigated IκB kinase (IKK) complex that contributes to the degradation of IκBα. IKK is composed of IKKα, IKKβ and NEMO. Treatment with IKK-16, an IKKα/β inhibitor, significantly diminished UVB-Poly I:C-induced IκBα degradation and thus apoptosis. Silencing either IKKα or NEMO but not IKKβ with corresponding siRNA inhibited apoptosis. Tumor repressor p73, a homologue of p53, is reported to mediate IKKα-induced apoptosis in DNA damage response. Silencing p73 reduced cell apoptosis in UVB-Poly I:C-treated HaCaT cells. In summary, UVB and Poly I:C co-treatment activates IKKα and NEMO, which diminishes anti-apoptotic IκBα, resulting in enhancement of apoptosis through p73. The findings partially clarify the possible molecular mechanism of pro-apoptotic NF-κB pathway activated by TLR3 in the fate of UVB-irradiated epidermis.
https://ift.tt/2Q05TPC
Different patterns of cortical maturation before and after 38 weeks gestational age demonstrated by diffusion MRI in vivo
Batalle, D; O'Muircheartaigh, J; Makropoulos, A; Kelly, CJ; Dimitrova, R; Hughes, EJ; Hajnal, JV; ... Counsell, SJ; + view all Batalle, D; O'Muircheartaigh, J; Makropoulos, A; Kelly, CJ; Dimitrova, R; Hughes, EJ; Hajnal, JV; Zhang, H; Alexander, DC; Edwards, AD; Counsell, SJ; - view fewer (2018) Different patterns of cortical maturation before and after 38 weeks gestational age demonstrated by diffusion MRI in vivo. Neuroimage 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.05.046 . Green open access
https://ift.tt/2OGMa2R
Composite structures defect imaging
Fromme, P; (2018) Composite structures defect imaging. In: Kundu, T, (ed.) Health Monitoring of Structural and Biological Systems XII. SPIE Green open access
https://ift.tt/2zaQfrg
Neurite orientation and dispersion density imaging (NODDI) detects cortical and corticospinal tract degeneration in ALS
Broad, RJ; Gabel, MC; Dowell, NG; Schwartzman, DJ; Seth, AK; Zhang, H; Alexander, DC; ... Leigh, PN; + view all Broad, RJ; Gabel, MC; Dowell, NG; Schwartzman, DJ; Seth, AK; Zhang, H; Alexander, DC; Cercignani, M; Leigh, PN; - view fewer (2018) Neurite orientation and dispersion density imaging (NODDI) detects cortical and corticospinal tract degeneration in ALS. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 10.1136/jnnp-2018-318830 . (In press). Green open access
https://ift.tt/2OGvk4b
Differences in Prevalence of Muscle Weakness (Sarcopenia) in Haemodialysis Patients Determined by Hand Grip Strength Due to Variation in Guideline Definitions of Sarcopenia
Tangvoraphonkchai, K; Hung, R; Sadeghi-Alavijeh, O; Davenport, A; (2018) Differences in Prevalence of Muscle Weakness (Sarcopenia) in Haemodialysis Patients Determined by Hand Grip Strength Due to Variation in Guideline Definitions of Sarcopenia. Nutrition in Clinical Practice , 33 (2) pp. 255-260. 10.1002/ncp.10003 .
https://ift.tt/2z89SQu
Introduction - Conceiving Contemporary Parenthood: Intentions, Expectations and Reproductive Technologies (Forthcoming)
Faircloth, C; Gurtin, Z; (2019) Introduction - Conceiving Contemporary Parenthood: Intentions, Expectations and Reproductive Technologies (Forthcoming). Anthropology and Medicine (In press).
https://ift.tt/2OL5Lz0
No Longer the Elephant Outside the Room: Why the Ukraine Crisis Reflects a Deeper Shift Towards German Leadership of European Foreign Policy
Wright, N; (2018) No Longer the Elephant Outside the Room: Why the Ukraine Crisis Reflects a Deeper Shift Towards German Leadership of European Foreign Policy. German Politics , 27 (4) pp. 479-497. 10.1080/09644008.2018.1458094 .
https://ift.tt/2z8q1We
Structural Reforms, Growth, and Inequality An Overview of Theory, Measurement, and Evidence
Campos, N; De Grauwe, P; Ji, Y; (2018) Structural Reforms, Growth, and Inequality An Overview of Theory, Measurement, and Evidence. In: Campos, N and De Grauwe, P and Ji, Y, (eds.) The Political Economy of Structural Reforms in Europe. Oxford University Press: Oxford, UK.
https://ift.tt/2OHYGis
Direct and efficient transfection of mouse neural stem cells and mature neurons by in vivo mRNA electroporation
Bugeon, S; de Chevigny, A; Boutin, C; Core, N; Wild, S; Bosio, A; Cremer, H; Bugeon, S; de Chevigny, A; Boutin, C; Core, N; Wild, S; Bosio, A; Cremer, H; Beclin, C; - view fewer (2017) Direct and efficient transfection of mouse neural stem cells and mature neurons by in vivo mRNA electroporation. Development , 144 (21) pp. 3968-3977. 10.1242/dev.151381 . Green open access
https://ift.tt/2z7xl4E
Increasing Haemodialytic Clearances as Residual Renal Function Declines: An Incremental Approach
Tangvoraphonkchai, K; Davenport, A; (2017) Increasing Haemodialytic Clearances as Residual Renal Function Declines: An Incremental Approach. Blood Purification , 44 (3) pp. 217-226. 10.1159/000475458 . Green open access
https://ift.tt/2OIvbgt
Key variables and policy test to increase water efficiency in households in London: A system dynamics approach
Flor, D; Bell, S; Zimmermann, N; (2018) Key variables and policy test to increase water efficiency in households in London: A system dynamics approach. In: Proceedings of the XVI Latin American Congress of Systems Dynamics. : Puebla, Mexico. (In press).
https://ift.tt/2zaQbrw
Understanding Social Status: A Reply to Flemmen, Jarness and Rosenlund
Chan, T; (2019) Understanding Social Status: A Reply to Flemmen, Jarness and Rosenlund. The British Journal of Sociology (In press).
https://ift.tt/2OL5xb8
Hall, Sir Peter Geoffrey (1932-2014)
Hebbert, MJ; (2018) Hall, Sir Peter Geoffrey (1932-2014). In: Cannadine, D, (ed.) Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press: Oxford, UK.
https://ift.tt/2zabxoJ
Extreme behavioural shifts by baboons exploiting risky, resource-rich, human-modified environments
Fehlmann, G; O'Riain, MJ; Kerr-Smith, C; Hailes, S; Luckman, A; Shepard, ELC; King, AJ; (2017) Extreme behavioural shifts by baboons exploiting risky, resource-rich, human-modified environments. Scientific Reports , 7 , Article 15057. 10.1038/s41598-017-14871-2 . Green open access
https://ift.tt/2OIdfCY
Dimerization of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Molecules and Radicals under Flame Conditions
Mao, Q; Hou, D; Luo, KH; You, X; (2018) Dimerization of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Molecules and Radicals under Flame Conditions. The Journal of Physical Chemistry A , 122 (44) pp. 8701-8708. 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b07102 . Green open access
https://ift.tt/2z6LpLC
Fluid Testing Methods Recommended by IDDSI
Hanson, B; Steele, CM; Lam, P; Cichero, JAY; (2018) Fluid Testing Methods Recommended by IDDSI. Dysphagia 10.1007/s00455-018-9957-9 .
https://ift.tt/2OIxOis
A model for the formation of gold nanoparticles in the citrate synthesis method
Agunloye, E; Panariello, L; Gavriilidis, A; Mazzei, L; (2018) A model for the formation of gold nanoparticles in the citrate synthesis method. Chemical Engineering Science 10.1016/j.ces.2018.06.046 . (In press). Green open access
https://ift.tt/2z4tO6Y
Fine-scale structure in cometary dust tails I: Analysis of striae in Comet C/2006 P1 (McNaught) through temporal mapping
Price, O; Jones, GH; Morrill, J; Owens, M; Battams, K; Morgan, H; Drückmuller, M; Price, O; Jones, GH; Morrill, J; Owens, M; Battams, K; Morgan, H; Drückmuller, M; Deiries, S; - view fewer (2019) Fine-scale structure in cometary dust tails I: Analysis of striae in Comet C/2006 P1 (McNaught) through temporal mapping. Icarus , 319 pp. 540-557. 10.1016/j.icarus.2018.09.013 . Green open access
https://ift.tt/2OIxIHC
Super-Resolved Traction Force Microscopy (STFM)
Colin-York, H; Shrestha, D; Felce, JH; Waithe, D; Moeendarbary, E; Davis, SJ; Eggeling, C; Colin-York, H; Shrestha, D; Felce, JH; Waithe, D; Moeendarbary, E; Davis, SJ; Eggeling, C; Fritzsche, M; - view fewer (2016) Super-Resolved Traction Force Microscopy (STFM). Nano Letters , 16 (4) pp. 2633-2638. 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b00273 . Green open access
https://ift.tt/2z89OQK
REPLY: Meta-Analysis of the Index of Microvascular Resistance in Acute STEMI Using Incomplete Data
Bulluck, H; Foin, N; Cabrera-Fuentes, HA; Yeo, KK; Wong, AS; Fam, JM; Wong, PE; ... Hausenloy, DJ; + view all Bulluck, H; Foin, N; Cabrera-Fuentes, HA; Yeo, KK; Wong, AS; Fam, JM; Wong, PE; Tan, JW; Low, AF; Hausenloy, DJ; - view fewer (2017) REPLY: Meta-Analysis of the Index of Microvascular Resistance in Acute STEMI Using Incomplete Data. JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions , 10 (4) p. 422. 10.1016/j.jcin.2017.01.003 . Green open access
https://ift.tt/2OIxn7O
Plasma Markers of Neurodegeneration Are Raised in Friedreich's Ataxia
Zeitlberger, AM; Thomas-Black, G; Garcia-Moreno, H; Foiani, M; Heslegrave, AJ; Zetterberg, H; Giunti, P; (2018) Plasma Markers of Neurodegeneration Are Raised in Friedreich's Ataxia. Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience , 12 , Article 366. 10.3389/fncel.2018.00366 . Green open access
https://ift.tt/2zcE9hf
Nasal Blowing Induces Subcutaneous Emphysema Post Penetrating Mastoid Tip Trauma
Publication date: Available online 13 November 2018
Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
Author(s): Yehuda Schwarz, Ala'a Hamdan, Jean Yves Sichel, Pierre Attal
Abstract
We describe the case of a child with an isolated penetrating trauma to the mastoid tip. Nasal blowing consequently induced air bubbles coming through the mastoid cutaneous fistula and causing extensive subcutaneous neck emphysema. A computed tomography (CT) demonstrated a right mastoid tip bone fracture with extensive cervical subcutaneous emphysema. The patient was treated conservatively with antibiotics and did not require operative intervention. His subsequent course was uncomplicated. This case emphasizes the importance of taking seriously even what seems to be a minor skin laceration.
https://ift.tt/2K0L5Ce
Pediatric acquired subglottic stenosis: Associated costs and comorbidities of 7,981 hospitalizations
Publication date: Available online 13 November 2018
Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
Author(s): Khashayar Arianpour, Suzanne N. Forman, Patrick Karabon, Prasad John Thottam
Abstract
Objectives
Numerous risk factors have been characterized for acquired subglottic stenosis (ASGS) in the pediatric population. This analysis explores the comorbidities of hospitalized ASGS patients in the United States and associated costs and length of stay (LOS).
Methods
A retrospective analysis of the Kids' Inpatient Database (KID) from 2009 to 2012 for inpatients ≤ 20 years of age who were diagnosed with ASGS. International Classification of Diseases, Clinical Modification, Version 9 diagnosis codes were used to extract diagnoses of interest from 14, 045, 425 weighted discharges across 4179 hospitals in the United States. An algorithm was created to identify the most common co-diagnoses and subsequently evaluated for total charges and LOS.
Results
ASGS was found in 7981 (0.06%) of total discharges. The mean LOS in discharges with ASGS is 13.11 days while the mean total charge in discharges with ASGS is $114,625; these values are significantly greater in discharges with ASGS than discharges without ASGS. Patients with ASGS have greater odds of being co-diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux, Trisomy 21, other upper airway anomalies and asthma, while they have lower odds of being diagnosed with prematurity and dehydration. Aside from Trisomy 21 and asthma, hospitalizations of ASGS patients with the aforementioned comorbidities incurred a greater LOS and mean total charge.
Conclusion
Our analysis identifies numerous comorbidities in children with ASGS that are associated with increased resource utilization amongst US hospitalizations. The practicing otolaryngologist should continue to advocate interdisciplinary care and be aware of the need for future controlled studies that investigate the management of such comorbidities.
https://ift.tt/2B4IuEI
Relationship between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Difficulty of Anesthesia Induction in Children Undergoing Tonsillectomy
Publication date: Available online 13 November 2018
Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
Author(s): Sarah B. Jacob, Guerin M. Smith, Whitney N. Rebholz, Elizabeth D. Cash, Sasi R. Kalathoor, Julie L. Goldman, Swapna K. Chandran
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
To determine whether anesthesiologists need to rely on polysomnography (PSG) when predicting need for airway intervention during induction in patients with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB).
METHODS
Prospective case-control observational study at a tertiary care pediatric hospital. Children between the ages of 2-17 undergoing tonsillectomy were divided into three groups: those presenting with OSA observed by history and/or physical examination alone (SDB; n=33), those with OSA determined by preoperative PSG (OSA; n=32), and a control group (n=35) undergoing tonsillectomy for recurrent tonsillitis. An anesthesiologist ranked each case on the level of intervention required to maintain ventilation.
RESULTS
Age, height and BMI were associated with greater induction difficulty (r's>.225, p's<.025). Compared to controls, induction difficulty was significantly greater for the SDB group (mean difference=-.751, 95% confidence interval [CI]=-1.241, -.261, p=.003), but not for the OSA group (p=.061). No significant difference in induction difficulty was observed between SDB and OSA groups. In a subgroup analysis of the OSA group, an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) >10 correlated with increased level of intervention during induction (r=.228, p=.022). Race was also associated with AHI >10 (odds ratio=3.859, 95% CI=1.485, 10.03, p=.006).
CONCLUSION
Children with OSA undergoing tonsillectomy require more airway intervention during induction than children with recurrent tonsillitis. Age and BMI were correlated with greater induction difficulty, suggesting that PSG data be considered in light of these clinical characteristics to ensure an optimal postoperative course for children undergoing tonsillectomy.
https://ift.tt/2K0KXCK
Failure to Accurately Disclose Conflicts of Interest in Article Published in JAMA Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery.
Failure to Accurately Disclose Conflicts of Interest in Article Published in JAMA Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery.
JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2018 Oct 26;:
Authors: Baselga J
PMID: 30422229 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
https://ift.tt/2OIREKG
Missing Conflict of Interest Disclosure.
Missing Conflict of Interest Disclosure.
JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2018 Oct 26;:
Authors:
PMID: 30422227 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
https://ift.tt/2z88k9t
Characterizing the Normative Voice Tremor Frequency in Essential Vocal Tremor.
Characterizing the Normative Voice Tremor Frequency in Essential Vocal Tremor.
JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2018 Oct 25;:
Authors: Paige C, Hopewell BL, Gamsarian V, Myers B, Patel P, Garrett CG, Francis DO
Abstract
Importance: Essential vocal tremor (EVT) is a neurologic voice disorder characterized by periodic fluctuations in pitch and loudness that can hinder intelligibility. Defining the normative range of vocal tremor frequency may assist in diagnosis and provide insight into disease mechanisms.
Objective: To characterize the normative voice tremor frequency in EVT (in hertz).
Design, Setting, and Participants: Cross-sectional observational study of 160 patients with EVT. The setting was a tertiary voice center. Participants were identified from a database of consecutive patients diagnosed as having laryngeal movement disorders between January 1, 1990, and April 1, 2017.
Main Outcomes and Measures: The following 3 methods measured the frequency of tremor experienced by patients with EVT: perceptual method, computerized peak detection method, and laryngeal electromyography method. Within-person and population-level tremor frequencies were compared across modalities to assess measurement reliability and consistency and to characterize the normal distribution of tremor frequencies in this population.
Results: Among 160 participants (median age, 70 years; interquartile range [IQR], 64-77 years; 90.6% female [n = 145]), the median frequency of EVT was consistently between 4 and 5 Hz across all 3 methods (perceptual, 4.8 Hz [IQR, 4.4-5.5 Hz]; computerized peak detection, 4.6 Hz [IQR, 4.2-5.0 Hz]; and laryngeal electromyography, 4.3 Hz [IQR, 3.8-5.0 Hz]). The mean in-person differences between each measurement method were not clinically meaningful (range, 0.1-0.5 Hz). Including all interquartile ranges across measurement modalities, the normative tremor frequency range for EVT was 3.8 to 5.5 Hz.
Conclusions and Relevance: To our knowledge, this is the largest study to date to characterize the normal frequency of tremor in patients with EVT. The normative frequency of EVT (range, 3.8-5.5 Hz) falls within a much narrower range than previously reported. Those whose frequency is outside this range may still have EVT but should be carefully evaluated for potential other causes of vocal tremor. Defining characteristics of EVT may aid appropriate diagnosis and improve understanding of this disease.
PMID: 30422171 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
https://ift.tt/2RW9wUl
Opioid Prescribing Practice and Needs in Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery.
Opioid Prescribing Practice and Needs in Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery.
JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2018 Oct 25;:
Authors: Shindo M, Lim J, Leon E, Moneta L, Li R, Quintinalla-Diek L
Abstract
Importance: In recent years, the medical community's inadvertent contribution to opioid addiction has been recognized.
Objective: To determine the opioid prescribing practices and opioid needs for patients undergoing thyroid and parathyroid surgery to help reduce postoperative opioid administration.
Design, Setting, and Participants: This retrospective cohort study included 1788 opioid-naive patients who underwent thyroid and parathyroid surgery from January 1, 2012, through December 31, 2017, at the high-volume academic endocrine surgery center at Oregon Health and Sciences University. Patients with long-term opioid treatment and those who underwent other head and neck procedures or robotic thyroidectomy were excluded. For analysis, 1765 procedures were available (723 parathyroidectomy, 400 hemithyroidectomy, and 642 total thyroidectomy).
Main Outcomes and Measures: The quantity of prescribed opioids was determined in morphine milligram equivalents (MME). Opioid refill data after discharge were also analyzed. Patients were then divided into past (1336 in group 1 [January 1, 2012, to September 30, 2016]) and current (429 in group 2 [October 31, 2016, to December 31, 2017]) prescribing practices. For each procedure, the mean quantity prescribed for each group, difference between the means, 95% CI for the difference, and effect size were calculated.
Results: A total of 1702 patients (80.0% female [n = 1361]; mean age, 51.2 years [range, 7-97 years]) undergoing 1765 procedures were included in the analysis. For parathyroidectomy, the mean (SD) opioid quantity prescribed was 176.20 (86.66) MME in group 1 vs 80.08 (74.43) MME in group 2 (effect size, 1.139); for hemithyroidectomy, 204.65 (112.24) MME in group 1 vs 112.24 (102.31) MME in group 2 (effect size, 0.842); and for total thyroidectomy, 214.87 (161.09) MME for group 1 vs 102.29 (87.72) MME for group 2 (effect size, 0.754). In the last quarter of 2017, the numbers of patients discharged without any opioid prescription were 15 of 26 (57.5%) for parathyroidectomy, 12 of 32 (37.5%) for hemithyroidectomy, and 9 of 27 (33.3%) for total thyroidectomy. Patient calls requesting pain medications for group 2 were similar or fewer, depending on the procedure. Those who were prescribed less than 75.0 MME postoperatively did not call for additional opioid prescriptions.
Conclusions and Relevance: Our study suggests that patients undergoing thyroid and parathyroid surgery need little, if any, postoperative opioids.
PMID: 30422170 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
https://ift.tt/2QFfRmP
Reduction of Opiates for Ambulatory Surgery-Endocrine Surgeons at the Cutting Edge.
Reduction of Opiates for Ambulatory Surgery-Endocrine Surgeons at the Cutting Edge.
JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2018 Oct 25;:
Authors: Stack BC, Lide RC
PMID: 30422168 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
https://ift.tt/2Ps91og
Aggressive-Appearing Intratracheal Mass in an Older Woman.
Aggressive-Appearing Intratracheal Mass in an Older Woman.
JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2018 Oct 25;:
Authors: Roche AM, Griffin MJ, Urken ML
PMID: 30422150 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
https://ift.tt/2zU5ofU
Caries, antemortem tooth loss and tooth wear observed in indigenous peoples and Russian settlers of 16th to 19th century West Siberia
Publication date: Available online 14 November 2018
Source: Archives of Oral Biology
Author(s): Hyejin Lee, Jong Ha Hong, Yeonwoo Hong, Dong Hoon Shin, Sergey Slepchenko
Abstract
Objective
Increased prevalence of dental caries evidently is correlated with increasing intake of sugar and carbohydrate-rich foods. Preceding and accompanying this dietary alteration might have been a shift from a hunting-and-gathering subsistence strategy to one based on agriculture. We corroborated this conjecture by means of a study on the prevalence of caries, antemortem tooth loss (AMTL) and tooth wear among 16th to 19th century hunter-gatherers and agriculturalists who co-existed in West Siberia.
Design
Indigenous skeletons (n = 75) exhumed from Tatar, Selkup, Khant, and Nenet graves along with Russian settler skeletons (n = 79) from Izyuk were examined. The prevalence of caries, AMTL and tooth wear among the indigenous peoples were compared with those among the Russian settlers. The resulting statistical inferences were tested using package R.
Results
The agriculturalist Russian settlers showed a significantly higher prevalence of dental caries (11.88%) than did the non-agriculturalist indigenous Siberian people (3.85%). Among the latter, the prevalence was the lowest in the Khanty and the highest in the Tatars, suggesting that caries differently affected each sub-group of indigenous Siberian people. Correspondingly to the case of dental caries, the Russian settlers' AMTL prevalence also was higher than that of the indigenous Siberians, regardless of age. On the other hand, the native Siberians and the Russian settlers did not show statistical differences in tooth wear.
Conclusion
In the study on 16th to 19th century West Siberian populations, we were able to corroborate our presumption that agriculturalists ingesting a carbohydrate-rich diet would have higher rates of dental caries and AMTL than would hunter-gatherers.
https://ift.tt/2DHmvWO
Diagnosis, Clinical Trend, and Treatment of Diffuse Lamellar Keratitis after Femtosecond Laser-Assisted in situ Keratomileusis: A Case Report
We report a severe case of diffuse lamellar keratitis (DLK) following femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (femto-LASIK). A 25-year-old man was submitted to 150 kHz iFS® IntraLase-assisted LASIK in both eyes for compound myopic astigmatism. The day after surgery, clinical examination showed a diffuse whitish granular cell reaction particularly in the right eye. High-dose dexamethasone eyedrops with topical antibiotic and artificial tears were prescribed. Five days after surgery, a central corneal opacity with convergent striae was detected at biomicroscopy. The suspicion of DLK was confirmed. Additional therapy based on hyperosmolar ophthalmological solution, oral doxycycline, and topical 10% sodium citrate was prescribed. Treatment was continued and tapered for over 3 months. Improvement in corneal transparency were obtained 2 weeks after the systemic therapy had been started. Uncorrected visual acuity improved from 20/32 to 20/20 at 1-year follow-up. DLK represents an infrequent complication after femto-LASIK. It should resolve without sequelae if promptly diagnosed and treated, without necessity of corneal flap lifting.
Case Rep Ophthalmol 2018;9:457–464
https://ift.tt/2B72oyP
The hyper IgM syndromes: Epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and management
Publication date: Available online 13 November 2018
Source: Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Reza Yazdani, Saba Fekrvand, Sepideh Shahkarami, Gholamreza Azizi, Bobak Moazzami, Hassan Abolhassani, Asghar Aghamohammadi
Abstract
Hyper Immunoglobulin M syndrome (HIGM) is a rare primary immunodeficiency disorder characterized by low or absent levels of serum IgG, IgA, IgE and normal or increased levels of serum IgM. Various X-linked and autosomal recessive/dominant mutations have been reported as the underlying cause of the disease. Based on the underlying genetic defect, the affected patients present a variety of clinical manifestations including pulmonary and gastrointestinal complications, autoimmune disorders, hematologic abnormalities, lymphoproliferation and malignancies which could be controlled by multiple relevant therapeutic approaches. Herein, the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, management, prognosis and treatment in patients with HIGM syndrome have been reviewed.
https://ift.tt/2PVNmEb
Association of anti-nuclear matrix protein 2 antibody with complications in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: A meta-analysis of 20 cohorts
Publication date: Available online 13 November 2018
Source: Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Linqing Zhong, Zhongxun Yu, Hongmei Song
Abstract
Background
Several complications like calcinosis, interstitial lung disease (ILD) or malignancy, are primary causes leading to poor outcomes in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) patients. Specific antibodies might help to indicate the occurrence or absence of these complications.
Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of anti-nuclear matrix protein 2 antibody (anti-NXP2) with calcinosis, ILD and malignancy in IIM patients.
Methods
Two investigators independently searched literature about the relation of anti-NXP2 with calcinosis, ILD, malignancy in IIM patients in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science databases, then selected eligible articles and extracted data from the included studies. The association between anti-NXP2 and these complications was assessed by odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Further quantitative meta-analysis, subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis and publication bias analysis were conducted with STATA 14.0 software (Stata Corp.; College Station, Texas, USA). A fixed-effects model (the Mantel-Haenszel method) was employed when I2 < 25%, otherwise a random-effects model (the Mantel-Haenszel method) was used.
Results
Twenty cohorts with 3064 IIM patients were included in this meta-analysis, among which 9 were about calcinosis in adults, 6 about calcinosis in juvenile patients, 9 about ILD in adults, 3 about ILD in juvenile patients, while 13 about malignancy in adult patients. Anti-NXP2 was more common in patients with calcinosis than those without calcinosis (pooled OR = 4.00, 95% CI: 2.65–6.06 in adults; pooled OR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.14–2.30 in juvenile patients). On the contrary, this antibody was less common in adult patients with ILD than those without ILD (pooled OR: 0.33, 95% CI: 0.19–0.56). No significant difference concerning the incidence of anti-NXP2 antibody was found in IIM patients between those with and without cancer (pooled OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 0.69–2.91).
Conclusion
The present study indicates that anti-NXP2 autoantibody is a risk factor for development into calcinosis both in adult and juvenile patients, while a protective factor for ILD in adult patients. Anti-NXP2 had no relation with malignancy in adult patients.
https://ift.tt/2DmuNT9
Is there a role for PRF with simvastatin in stage I osteoradionecrosis?
Publication date: December 2018
Source: Oral Oncology, Volume 87
Author(s): Mohan Baliga, Subhagata Chakraborty, Thushara Kumari, Dani Mihir Tusharbhai, Souvick Sarkar
https://ift.tt/2RYSMvN
Primary surgery for human papillomavirus-associated oropharyngeal cancer: Survival outcomes with or without adjuvant treatment
Publication date: December 2018
Source: Oral Oncology, Volume 87
Author(s): John D. Cramer, Robert L. Ferris, Seungwon Kim, Umamaheswar Duvvuri
Abstract
Objectives
Human papillomavirus-associated (HPV+) oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is a unique form of head and neck cancer with improved prognosis. We assessed survival for stage I patients with low- or intermediate-risk pathologic features with surgery alone compared with surgery with adjuvant radiation (RT) or chemoradiation (CRT).
Materials and methods
We identified patients with stage I HPV+ OPSCC (after restaging with 8th edition staging system) treated with surgery alone, adjuvant RT or CRT in the National Cancer Data Base from 2010 to 2013. We compared survival for low-risk patients (≤1 metastatic lymph nodes with no adverse features) and intermediate-risk patients (2–4 metastatic lymph nodes, microscopic extranodal extension (ENE) or lymphovascular invasion).
Results
We examined 1677 patients with median follow-up of 43.9 months. In the intermediate-risk group, 4-year overall survival was 94.0% with surgery alone, 91.5% with adjuvant RT and 92.0% with adjuvant CRT (p = 0.72). There were similar rates of overall survival in the low-risk group. In multivariable models accounting for clinicopathologic differences the dose of adjuvant RT was not associated with mortality. On Cox proportional hazard modeling, adjuvant RT (HR 0.94; CI 0.43–2.08) or CRT (HR 0.96; CI 0.45–2.11) did not significantly improved survival compared with surgery alone in the intermediate-risk group (reference). Similar results were seen in the low-risk group. The composite number of pathologic risk features significantly improved risk stratification.
Conclusion
We provide observational evidence that adjuvant RT or CRT does not provide a survival benefit for stage I HPV+ OPSCC with low- or intermediate-risk pathologic features.
https://ift.tt/2DHie5I
Cost-effectiveness of diagnostic algorithms for peanut allergy in children
Publication date: Available online 14 November 2018
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Natalia R. Kunst, Helene Lindvik, Kai-Håkon Carlsen, Geir Håland, Eivind Jørgensen, Karin C. Lødrup Carlsen
https://ift.tt/2FhbnBw
Transcriptional and Functional Diversity of Human Macrophage Repolarization
Publication date: Available online 14 November 2018
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Sina A. Gharib, Ryan S. McMahan, William E. Eddy, Matthew E. Long, William C. Parks, Moira L. Aitken, Anne M. Manicone
Abstract
Background
Macrophage plasticity allows cells to adopt different phenotypes, a property with important implications in disorders such as cystic fibrosis (CF) and asthma.
Objective
To examine the transcriptional and functional significance of macrophage repolarization from an "M1" towards an "M2" phenotype, and assess the role of a common human genetic disorder (CF) and a prototypical allergic disease (asthma) in this transformation.
Methods
Monocyte-derived macrophages were collected from healthy and CF subjects and polarized to an M2 state using IL-4, IL-10, glucocorticoids, apoptotic PMNs, or azithromycin. We performed transcriptional profiling and pathway analysis for each stimulus. We assessed the ability of M2-repolarized macrophages to respond to LPS re-challenge and clear apoptotic neutrophils, and used murine models to determine conserved functional responses to IL-4 and IL-10. We investigated whether M2 signatures were associated with alveolar macrophage phenotypes in asthma.
Results
We found that macrophages exhibit highly diverse responses to distinct M2-polarizing stimuli. Specifically, IL-10 activated pro-inflammatory pathways and abrogated LPS-tolerance allowing for rapid restoration of LPS responsiveness. In contrast, IL-4 enhanced LPS-tolerance, dampening pro-inflammatory responses after repeat LPS challenge. A common theme observed across all M2 stimuli was suppression of interferon-associated pathways. We found that CF macrophages had intact reparative and transcriptional responses, suggesting that macrophage contributions to CF lung disease are primarily shaped by their environment. Finally, we leveraged in vitro-derived signatures to show that allergen provocation induces distinct M2-state transcriptional patterns in alveolar macrophages.
Conclusion
Our findings highlight the diversity of macrophage polarization, attribute functional consequences to different "M2" stimuli, and provide a framework to phenotype macrophages in disease states.
Graphical abstract
https://ift.tt/2qJsUIu
Ordinary vibratory angioedema is not generally associated with ADGRE2-mutation
Publication date: Available online 14 November 2018
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Zuotao Zhao, Sascha Reimann, Shan Wang, Yuhan Wang, Torsten Zuberbier
https://ift.tt/2FmOgWk
Histologic similarities in children with eosinophilic esophagitis and PPI-responsive esophageal eosinophilia
Publication date: Available online 14 November 2018
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Nathalie Nguyen, Anna Baumgarten, Benjamin L. Wright, Kelley E. Capocelli, Zhaoxing Pan, James J. Lee, Glenn T. Furuta, Joanne C. Masterson
https://ift.tt/2qIutXa
Nasal Allergen Neutralising IgG4 Antibodies Block IgE-mediated Responses: Novel biomarker of Subcutaneous Grass Pollen Immunotherapy
Publication date: Available online 14 November 2018
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Mohamed H. Shamji, Jasper Kappen, Hisham Abubakar-Waziri, Jinjin Zhang, Esther Steveling, Shelley Watchman, Lubna Kouser, Aarif Eifan, Amy Switzer, Gilda Varrichi, Gianni Marone, Natália C. Couto-Francisco, Moises Calderon, Stephen R. Durham
Abstract
Background
Grass pollen subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) is associated with induction of serum IgG4-associated inhibitory antibodies that prevent IgE-facilitated allergen binding to B cells.
Objective
To determine whether SCIT induces nasal allergen-specific IgG4 antibodies with inhibitory activity that correlate closely with clinical response.
Methods
In a cross-sectional, controlled study, nasal fluid and sera were collected during the grass pollen season from 10 SCIT-treated patients, 13 untreated allergics (SAR) and 12 non-atopic controls (NA). Nasal and serum IgE and IgG4 to Phleum pratense (Phl p) components were measured by ISAC microarray. Inhibitory activity was measured by IgE-FAB assay. IL-10+Breg cells were quantified in peripheral blood by flow cytometry.
Results
Nasal and serum Phl p1 and Phl p5-specific IgE levels were elevated in SAR compared to NA (all, P < .001) and SCIT group. Nasal IgG4 levels were increased in SCIT compared to SAR group (P < .001) during the pollen season compared to out of season. IgG-associated inhibitory activity in nasal fluid and serum was significantly increased in SCIT compared to SAR group (both, P < .001). The magnitude of the inhibitory activity was 96% in the nasal fluid compared to 66% in serum and was reversed following depletion of IgG in nasal fluid (P = .03) and serum (P = .002). Both nasal fluid (r = -0.67, P = .0011) and serum (r = -0.59, P = .0097) blocking activity correlated global symptom improvement. IL-10+Breg cells were increased in season compared to out of season in SCIT group (P < .01).
Conclusion
For the first time, we show that nasal IgG4-associated inhibitory activity correlate closely with the clinical response to allergen immunotherapy in allergic rhinitis with/without asthma.
Graphical abstract
https://ift.tt/2FmqGZT
The Expression and Function of the Ectopic Olfactory Receptor OR10G7 in Atopic Dermatitis
Publication date: Available online 14 November 2018
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Elizabeth Huiwen Tham, Nathan Dyjack, Byung Eui Kim, Cydney Rios, Max A. Seibold, Donald YM. Leung, Elena Goleva
Abstract
Background
Ectopic olfactory receptors (OR) are found in the skin but their expression and biological functions in normal skin and atopic dermatitis (AD) are unknown.
Objectives
To characterize the expression of ORs in the skin and assess OR-mediated biological responses of primary human keratinocytes in the presence of odorant ligands.
Methods
OR expression was examined by whole transcriptome sequencing of skin tape strips collected from AD and healthy controls (NC). OR10G7 and FLG-1 expression were analyzed by RT-PCR and immunostaining in AD and NC skin biopsies and primary human keratinocytes. ATP and cyclic AMP production by control and OR10G7 siRNA transfected keratinocytes in response to odorant stimulation with acetophenone and eugenol were assessed.
Results
A total of 381 OR gene transcripts were detected in the skin samples, with the greatest OR expression detected in the skin tape strips, corresponding to the upper granular layer of the skin. OR10G7 expression was significantly increased in AD compared to NC skin biopsies (p=0.01) and inversely correlated with FLG-1 expression (p=0.009). OR10G7 expression was highest in undifferentiated AD keratinocytes and was down-regulated with progressive differentiation. Primary human keratinocytes produced ATP, an essential neurotransmitter in sensory pathways, in response to acetophenone and eugenol, odorants previously identified as potential ligands for this receptor. This response was abolished in OR10G7 siRNA-transfected keratinocytes.
Conclusions
OR10G7 is expressed at significantly higher levels in undifferentiated AD keratinocytes compared to normal controls. OR10G7 is likely involved in the transmission of skin-induced chemosensory responses to odorant stimulation, which may modulate differential nociceptive responses in AD skin.
https://ift.tt/2qIulXG
Selection of house dust mite allergic patients by molecular diagnosis may enhance success of specific immunotherapy
Publication date: Available online 14 November 2018
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Kuan-Wei Chen, Petra Zieglmayer, René Zieglmayer, Patrick Lemell, Friedrich Horak, Carmen Panaitescu Bunu, Rudolf Valenta, Susanne Vrtala
Summary
AIT performed with HDM extracts inducing IgG antibodies only to Der p 1 and 2 was beneficial for patients sensitized exclusively to these allergens but not for patients with sensitization to other HDM allergens.
https://ift.tt/2FltBBQ
Shedding light on corticosteroid-resistant Type-2 high severe asthma
Publication date: Available online 14 November 2018
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Kian Fan Chung
https://ift.tt/2qN7zOs
Lab-on-a-Chip Technologies for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Airway Inflammation
Publication date: Available online 14 November 2018
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Mehdi Javanmard
https://ift.tt/2DBMsan
Immunologic reconstitution following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation despite lymph node paucity in NIK deficiency
Publication date: Available online 14 November 2018
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Khaoula Ben Farhat, Mohammed F. Alosaimi, Hiba Shendi, Suleiman Al-Hammadi, Jennifer Jones, Klaus Schwarz, Ansgar Schulz, Laila S. Alawdah, Sandra Burchett, Sultan Albuhairi, Jennifer Whangbo, Neha Kwatra, Hanan E. Shamseldin, Fowzan S. Alkuraya, Janet Chou, Raif S. Geha
https://ift.tt/2RR8lFv
Remission of persistent childhood asthma: early predictors of adult outcomes
Publication date: Available online 14 November 2018
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Alberta L. Wang, Soma Datta, Scott T. Weiss, Kelan G. Tantisira
Abstract
Background
Few data exist on the predictors of asthma remission by early adulthood in North America.
Objective
The predictors of adult asthma remission were determined in a multiethnic population of mild-to-moderate persistent childhood asthmatics.
Methods
Asthma remission in early adulthood was measured using two definitions, a clinical and a strict definition. Both included normal lung function and the absence of symptoms, exacerbations, and medication use. The strict definition also included normal airways responsiveness. Predictors were identified from 23 baseline measures using multivariate logistic regression. The probability of remission was modeled using decision tree analysis.
Results
In 879 subjects, mean baseline age was 8.8 years (SD ± 2.1), 59.4% were males, and 68.7% were Caucasian. By adulthood, 229 (26.0%) of 879 participants were in clinical remission and 111 (15.0%) of 741 participants were in strict remission. The degree of forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) impairment was the largest predictor of asthma remission. Over half of boys and two-thirds of girls with baseline FEV1/FVC ≥ 90% were in remission at adulthood. Decreased airways responsiveness was also a predictor for both remission definitions (clinical remission OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.09-1.39; strict remission OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.26-1.84). The combination of normal FEV1/FVC, airways responsiveness, and serum eosinophil count at baseline yielded > 80% probability of remission by adulthood.
Conclusion
A considerable minority of persistent childhood asthmatics will develop disease remission by adulthood. Clinical prognostic indicators of asthma remission, including baseline lung function, can be seen from an early age.
Graphical abstract
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