Tailoring the Energetic Properties of 5-(5-Amino-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)tetraz­ole and Its Derivatives by Salt Formation: From Sensitive Primary to Insensitive Secondary Explosives

Abstract

The main challenge in the development of energetic materials is the combination of high energy content with chemical and mechanical stability, two properties that are often contradictory. The energetic properties of 5-(5-amino-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)tetrazole and its derivatives, in which the amino group is substituted by an azido group, a nitro group, or a diazene bridge, should be improved and tailored for possible applications by formation of various nitrogen-rich and metal salts thereof. The thermal and mechanical sensitivities were determined and the detonation performances of the nitrogen-rich salts were calculated. Furthermore, the combustion performances of erosion-reduced gun propellant mixtures of the most promising salts were computed owing to their high nitrogen content and energetic performance. Metal salts of 5-(5-azido-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)tetrazole were investigated to test their capability as primary explosives.

The energetic properties of 5-(5-amino-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)tetrazole and its derivatives, in which the amino group is substituted by a nitro group, an azido group, or a diazene bridge, should be improved and tailored for possible applications as either secondary or primary explosives by formation of various nitrogen-rich or metal salts, respectively.

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