A randomized controlled trial of vitamin E and selenium on rate of decline in lung function.

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A randomized controlled trial of vitamin E and selenium on rate of decline in lung function.

Respir Res. 2015;16:35

Authors: Cassano PA, Guertin KA, Kristal AR, Ritchie KE, Bertoia ML, Arnold KB, Crowley JJ, Hartline J, Goodman PJ, Tangen CM, Minasian LM, Lippman SM, Klein E

Abstract
BACKGROUND: The intake of nutrients with antioxidant properties is hypothesized to augment antioxidant defenses, decrease oxidant damage to tissues, and attenuate age-related rate of decline in lung function. The objective was to determine whether long-term intervention with selenium and/or vitamin E supplements attenuates the annual rate of decline in lung function, particularly in cigarette smokers.
METHODS: The Respiratory Ancillary Study (RAS) tested the single and joint effects of selenium (200 μg/d L-selenomethionine) and vitamin E (400 IU/day all rac-α-tocopheryl acetate) in a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. At the end of the intervention, 1,641 men had repeated pulmonary function tests separated by an average of 3 years. Linear mixed-effects regression models estimated the effect of intervention on annual rate of decline in lung function.
RESULTS: Compared to placebo, intervention had no main effect on either forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) or forced expiratory flow (FEF25-75). There was no evidence for a smoking by treatment interaction for FEV1, but selenium attenuated rate of decline in FEF25-75 in current smokers (P = 0.0219). For current smokers randomized to selenium, annual rate of decline in FEF25-75 was similar to the annual decline experienced by never smokers randomized to placebo, with consistent effects for selenium alone and combined with vitamin E.
CONCLUSIONS: Among all men, there was no effect of selenium and/or vitamin E supplementation on rate of lung function decline. However, current smokers randomized to selenium had an attenuated rate of decline in FEF25-75, a marker of airflow.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT00241865 .

PMID: 25889509 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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