The European Survey on Adverse Systemic Reactions in Allergen Immunotherapy (EASSI): a paediatric assessment.

The European Survey on Adverse Systemic Reactions in Allergen Immunotherapy (EASSI): a paediatric assessment.

Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2016 Sep 17;

Authors: Rodríguez Del Río P, Vidal C, Just J, Tabar AI, Sanchez-Machin I, Eberle P, Borja J, Bubel P, Pfaar O, Demoly P, Calderón MA

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Safety data on "real-life" allergen immunotherapy (AIT) in children and adolescents is usually extrapolated from studies in adults.
METHODS: Patients aged 18 or under initiating aeroallergen AIT were evaluated in a prospective European survey. Patient profiles and systemic reactions (SRs) were recorded. Descriptive, univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify risk factors for SRs.
RESULTS: A total of 1,563 patients (mean±SD age: 11.7±3.9 years; rhinitis: 93.7%; asthma: 61.5%; polysensitization: 62.5%) and 1,578 courses of AIT were assessed. Single-allergen AIT was administered in 89.5% of cases (n=1,412; mites: 49%; grass pollen: 25.8%; tree pollen: 8.7%; Alternaria: 4.6%; dander: 0.8%; weed pollen: 0.6%). Subcutaneous AIT (SCIT) was used in 71.4% (n=1,127) of the treatments, including 574 (50.9%) with natural extracts. Sublingual AIT (SLIT) was used for the remaining 451 treatments (drops: 73.8%; tablets: 26.2%). The mean±SD follow-up period was 12.9±3.3 months. The estimated total number of doses was 19,669 for SCIT and 131,550 for SLIT. Twenty-four patients (1.53%) experienced 29 SRs. Respiratory (55.7%) and skin symptoms (37.9%) were most frequent. Anaphylaxis was diagnosed in 3 SRs (10.3%), and adrenaline was administered in 2 of these cases. In a univariate analysis, the risk of SRs was lower in mite-sensitized patients and higher in cases of pollen polysensitization (>3), grass pollen extracts and the use of natural extracts (vs. allergoids).
CONCLUSIONS: In a real-life paediatric setting, AIT is safe. SRs are infrequent and generally not severe. Pollen polysensitization, grass pollen extracts and natural extracts (vs. allergoids) were risk factors for AIT-associated SRs. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

PMID: 27637414 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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