Abstract
Induction of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) is a well-documented side effect of treatment with the TNF-α antagonists Infliximab, Adalimumab, and Etanercept. In this context, occasional organ-specific and systemic autoimmune phenomena, and an association of autoantibodies with treatment response and anti-drug antibody formation were reported. In genuine autoimmune disease, the detection of autoantibodies can predate clinical manifestations by almost 6 years. However, little is known about the post-treatment dynamics of TNF-antagonist induced ANA, and, in particular, on their effects on the response to, and their dynamics under subsequent biologic treatment.
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