Publication date: Available online 30 June 2017
Source:Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie
Author(s): A. Guillier, E. Amazan, A. Aoun, E. Baubion, C. Derancourt
Le virus Zika (ZIKV), initialement identifié en 1947, est un Flavivirus ré-émergent, principalement transmis par les piqûres de moustiques du genre Aedes. Jusqu'aux récentes épidémies dans les îles du Pacifique et en Amérique centrale et du sud, il était réputé à l'origine d'une maladie bénigne, asymptomatique dans la majorité des cas, ou avec des symptômes modérés non spécifiques (fièvre, éruption, conjonctivite, arthralgies…). Au cours de l'épidémie actuelle, d'une ampleur inédite, de nouveaux modes de transmission (transfusionnel, périnatal, sexuel) et des complications neurologiques sévères telles que des malformations congénitales chez les fœtus de mères infectées et des syndromes de Guillain-Barré chez l'adulte ont été mis en évidence. Cette situation, dans un contexte de potentielle pandémie mondiale à venir, a amené l'Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS) à déclarer l'infection à ZIKV urgence de santé publique de portée internationale en février 2016.Zika Virus (ZIKV), originally identified in 1947, is a re-emerging Flavivirus transmitted mainly through bites by Aedes mosquitos. Until the recent outbreaks in the Pacific islands and Central and South America, it was known to cause benign disease, in most cases asymptomatic or with mild and nonspecific symptoms (fever, rash, conjunctivitis, arthralgia, etc.). The unprecedented current epidemic has highlighted new modes of transmission (through blood, perinatally and sexually) as well as serious neurological complications such as congenital defects in the fetuses of infected mothers and Guillain-Barre syndrome in adults. This situation, coupled with the threat of worldwide spread, prompted the WHO to declare the ZIKV a public health emergency of international concern in February 2016.
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L’infection à Zika virus : mise au point
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