Antibody Tumor Targeting Is Enhanced by CD27 Agonists through Myeloid Recruitment

Publication date: Available online 30 November 2017
Source:Cancer Cell
Author(s): Anna H. Turaj, Khiyam Hussain, Kerry L. Cox, Matthew J.J. Rose-Zerilli, James Testa, Lekh N. Dahal, H.T. Claude Chan, Sonya James, Vikki L. Field, Matthew J. Carter, Hyung J. Kim, Jonathan J. West, Lawrence J. Thomas, Li-Zhen He, Tibor Keler, Peter W.M. Johnson, Aymen Al-Shamkhani, Stephen M. Thirdborough, Stephen A. Beers, Mark S. Cragg, Martin J. Glennie, Sean H. Lim
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) can destroy tumors by recruiting effectors such as myeloid cells, or targeting immunomodulatory receptors to promote cytotoxic T cell responses. Here, we examined the therapeutic potential of combining a direct tumor-targeting mAb, anti-CD20, with an extended panel of immunomodulatory mAbs. Only the anti-CD27/CD20 combination provided cures. This was apparent in multiple lymphoma models, including huCD27 transgenic mice using the anti-huCD27, varlilumab. Detailed mechanistic analysis using single-cell RNA sequencing demonstrated that anti-CD27 stimulated CD8⁺ T and natural killer cells to release myeloid chemo-attractants and interferon gamma, to elicit myeloid infiltration and macrophage activation. This study demonstrates the therapeutic advantage of using an immunomodulatory mAb to regulate lymphoid cells, which then recruit and activate myeloid cells for enhanced killing of mAb-opsonized tumors.

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Teaser

Turaj et al. test anti-tumor efficacy of immunomodulatory antibodies combined with anti-CD20 and find that anti-CD27/CD20 has a strong benefit in several tumor models. Anti-CD27 induces IFNγ and chemokines in CD8⁺ T and NK cells, enhancing macrophage infiltration and activation to promote anti-CD20 activity.


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