Active bleeding from intercostal artery pseudoaneurysm after a percutaneous tube thoracostomy drainage procedure: diagnosis with CT angiography and treatment with transarterial coil embolisation

Description

Intercostal artery (ICA) pseudoaneurysm related to tube thoracostomy drainage procedure is not commonly encountered.1 But when haemothoraces develops due to pseudoaneurysms, they could be timely detected by CT with CT angiography (CTA) and treated via transarterial embolisation with mini coils.2 3 We report the case of a 9-year-old female child with medullobalstoma involving her brain and spine who was admitted for scheduled chemotherapy. She developed progressive dyspnoea (with oxygen saturation80%) and a right pleural effusion was noted. Subsequently, a right-sided thoracentesis with pigtail catheter insertion was performed. After thoracentesis, her respiratory pattern improved with decreased fluid drained from the pigtail catheter and thus the pigtail was removed. However, her shortness of breath with decreased breath sounds over the right lung fields recurred the next day. Repeat thoracentesis revealed bloody fluid. CT with CTA showed right haemothorax with active bleeding from the...

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