The nosocomial pathogen Candida albicans forms biofilms on medical devices that persist in the face of antifungals and host defenses. Echinocandins, the most effective anti-biofilm drugs, have recently been shown to augment the activity of neutrophils against biofilms through an unknown mechanism. Here we show that treatment of C. albicans biofilms with sub-inhibitory concentrations of echinocandins promotes the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), structures of DNA, histones, and antimicrobial proteins with antifungal activity.
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