Encapsulated quinapyramine sulfate-loaded chitosan/mannitol nanoparticles: biocompatibility and targeting efficiency in rabbit model of trypanosomosis [PublishAheadOfPrint]

Quinapyramine sulfate (QS) produces trypanocidal effect against the parasite Trypanosoma evansi, but often poorly tolerated and causes serious local reactions in animals. The encapsulation of QS in chitosan/mannitol to provide the sustained release would improve both the therapeutic effect of QS and the quality of life of animals treated with this formulation. QS was encapsulated into nanoformulation prepared from chitosan, tripolyphosphate and mannitol nanomatrix (ChQS-NPs). ChQS-NPs were well-ordered in shape with nanoparticle size as determined by transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Our research revealed a dose-dependent biosafety and DNA damage in mammalian cells treated with ChQS-NPs. ChQS-NPs were absolutely risk-free at effective as well as many times higher doses against T. evansi. ChQS-NPs were effective in rabbits as they killed the parasites, relieving the animals from the clinical symptoms of the disease. The extent of this protection was similar to that observed with the conventional drug at higher dosages (5 mg QS/Kg Bwt). ChQS-NPs are safe, non toxic and effective as compared to QS and offer a promising alternative to drug-delivery against trypanosomosis in animal models. ChQS-NPs may be useful for the treatment of trypanosomosis due to reduced dosages and frequency of administration.

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