Could the biomarker levels in saliva help distinguish between healthy implants and implants with peri-implant disease? A systematic review

Publication date: Available online 22 September 2018

Source: Archives of Oral Biology

Author(s): Alex Martins Gomes, Dhelfeson Willya Douglas-de Oliveira, Fernando Oliveira Costa

Abstract

Background

The most accurate data help to minimize possible mistakes on a patient´s evaluation, as more robust findings are necessary to establish a correct diagnosis, prognosis and, consequently, better treatment.

Purpose

Could biomarker levels in the saliva help to distinguish between healthy implants and implants with peri-implant disease?

Materials and Methods

An electronic database search of Pubmed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, OVID and Scielo was performed. The articles and abstracts identified were considered relevant if they compared cytokine levels in saliva from patients with healthy implants to those in saliva from patients with untreated peri-implantitis.

Results

Lower salivary levels of interleukin 1β were found in healthy implants than in inflamed implants. A significantly positive correlation was found between the salivary levels of IL-6 and peri-implant inflammatory conditions. The salivary concentrations of total antioxidants, urate and ascorbate were higher in healthy implants than in inflamed implants. The data extracted from the 6 studies evaluated in this review revealed heterogeneity in relation to the clinical parameters assessed, implant restoration, bone loss and peri-implant disease definitions.

Conclusions

There was no clear, developed basis for using any specific biomarker in a clinical setting to distinguish between healthy implants and those with peri implant disease.

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