Quantitative analysis of biofilm bacteria according to different stages of early childhood caries

Publication date: Available online 15 September 2018

Source: Archives of Oral Biology

Author(s): Beatriz Gonçalves Neves, Rafael Nóbrega Stipp, Daniela da Silva Bezerra, Sarah Florindo de Figueiredo Guedes, Lidiany Karla Azevedo Rodrigues, B.G. Neves, R.N. Stipp, D.S. Bezerra, S.F.F. Guedes, L.K.A. Rodrigues

ABSTRACT

Objective

Monitoring selected key species related to health or diseases may facilitate caries risk assessment and discovery of novel ecological preventive and therapeutic approaches. This study aimed at quantifyingActinomyces naeslundii, Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei group, Streptococcus gordonii, Mitis group and Streptococcus mutans by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in dental biofilm from Brazilian children with different stages of early childhood caries (ECC).

Design

Seventy-five preschool children were clinically evaluated by ICDAS criteria and divided into groups: caries-free (CF; n = 20), enamel caries lesions (ECL; n = 17) and dentine caries lesions (DCL; n = 38). Plaque sample from all children was collected for detection and quantification of the selected bacteria.

Results

L. acidophilus and L. casei group were absent in almost all plaque samples. No differences in relative proportions of A. naeslundii, Mitis group and S. gordonii were observed in any stage of caries. However, S. mutans and Bifidobacterium spp. were present at higher concentrations in the biofilm of children with DCL (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that S. mutans and Bifidobacterium spp. were strongly associated with biofilm in children with DCL.

Conclusion

Differences were observed in the proportion of acidogenic and aciduric bacteria with dental caries progression. The data indicate thatS. mutans and Bifidobacterium spp. in dental biofilm may be involved in some progression processes for ECC.

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