Morbidity after pediatric tonsillotomy versus tonsillectomy: A population‐based cohort study

Objectives/Hypothesis

To compare and evaluate morbidity following pediatric tonsillectomy (TE) and tonsillotomy (TT) performed due to tonsil‐related upper airway obstruction.

Study Design

Retrospective population‐based cohort study based on data from the Swedish National Patient Register (NPR).

Methods

All patients aged 1 to 12 years who were registered in the NPR between January 1, 2007 and December 31, 2015, and who underwent an isolated tonsil surgery (± adenoidectomy) for the sole indication of upper airway obstruction were included. Postoperative morbidity within 30 days of surgery, including readmission due to hemorrhage and return to theater (RTT), was evaluated and compared between the two groups. A forward stepwise multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors of postoperative morbidity.

Results

In total, 35,060 patients were included in the study, 23,447 of whom underwent TT and 11,613 of whom underwent TE. Readmission due to postoperative hemorrhage, RTT, readmission due to any reason, and contact with healthcare were all less common after TT than after TE. Readmission due to postoperative hemorrhage was significantly more common after TE (2.5%) than after TT (0.6%) (odds ratio: 3.91, 95% confidence interval: 3.20‐4.77).

Conclusions

This study showed that TT is associated with a statistically significantly lower risk of postoperative complications than TE when performed in children to correct tonsil‐related upper airway obstruction. Statistically significant differences were found for all outcome variables, namely, readmission to hospital due to bleeding, RTT, readmission due to any reason, and postoperative contact with healthcare for any reason.

Level of Evidence

2b Laryngoscope, 2018

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