Endometrial Adenocarcinoma With Pulmonary Recurrence

Description

We present the case of an 83-year-old woman with a history of grade 1 stage IB endometrial cancer (endometrial adenocarcinoma) (figure 1) involving the lower uterine segment. She underwent robotic hysterectomy with right salpingo-oophorectomy followed by brachytherapy. A year and a half later, she presented with difficulty in breathing. A chest X-ray showed 8 mm nodular density in the right lower lobe. The above finding was confirmed with CT. Given the concern for a malignant lesion, positron emission tomography/CT scan was performed, which revealed two metabolically active lung nodules, measuring 1.2 cm in the right middle lobe and other in the right lower lobe measuring 1.2 cm (figure 2). Video-assisted thoracoscopic wedge resection of the right lower lobe lung nodule was performed. The frozen section and histopathology revealed papillary adenocarcinoma (figures 3 and 4); nuclear staining was positive for oestrogen receptors and negative for thyroid...

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Cervical ganglioneuroma: clinical and radiological features of a rare tumour

Description

Ganglioneuromas are rare benign tumours of neurogenic origin that most frequently develop in the cervical sympathetic chain,1 2 with genetic associations demonstrated with Neurofibromatosis type 1  (NF-1). We report the case of a 41-year-old woman with a history of cavum neoplasm at the age of 23. This tumour was classified after assessment of extension as T1N0M0 (tumour, node, metastases). Pathological examination of a biopsy concluded to a keratinising squamous cell carcinoma. The patient was then irradiated (2D Cobalt radiotherapy). The patient presented with gait trouble that appeared a few weeks ago. Clinical examination found a Brown-Séquard syndrome with paresis and loss of proprioception on the left side, and loss of pain and temperature sensation on the right side. Medullar MRI (figures 1 and 2) showed an intradural extramedullary well-circumscribed mass with an hourglass shape from C5 to C6 extending through the...

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Rare cause of pulmonary cavitation in a 75-year-old man

A 75-year-old man of Asian descent presented to the acute medical unit with signs and symptoms suggestive of a community-acquired pneumonia. He had multiple comorbidities and was relatively immunocompromised as a result. Initial investigations supported the diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia complicated by a cavitating lung lesion, and the patient was treated as per hospital guidelines. He continued to deteriorate despite appropriate therapy and developed a hydropneumothorax, requiring the insertion of a chest drain. A diagnosis of pulmonary mucormycosis (Rhizopus microsporus) was made based on microbiology results from pleural aspirate, and patient was treated with intravenous antifungals. The patient was referred to the thoracic team for consideration of surgical intervention but was not suitable due to his multiple comorbidities. This case highlighted the importance of early consideration of fungal infection in patients with multiple risk factors and the need for aggressive therapy to ensure the best outcome.

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Intradiploic cephalocele: a rare entity at a rare site

Description

A 52-year-old woman presented with complaints of non-specific headache. The patient had a history of head injury 1 year ago. Clinical neurological examination was nil significant. The skin over the occipital region is normal. No prior investigations were done immediately after the injury. MRI of the brain at present showed small intradiploic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-filled defect with herniation of foliae of the right cerebellar hemisphere (figure 1). The rest of the brain parenchyma revealed no abnormality and no skull fracture was seen. Features were suggestive of intradiploic cephalocele involving cerebellar foliae.

Figure 1

Axial Fluid attenuated inversion recovery (A), T2 (B), coronal T2 (C) and sagittal T1 (D) images at the level of the cerebellum showing small calvarial defect in the occipital bone on the right side with intradiploic herniation of the right cerebellar foliae (black arrows).

A cephalocele is...

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Sternocleidomastoid tumour in neonate: fibromatosis colli

Description

We report a case of a 4-week-old female neonate who was admitted to the hospital for a anterior right lump of the neck, perceived by his mother the day before. The mother also noticed a preferential tilting of the head towards right. He was an otherwise full-term healthy baby, with a history of instrumented delivery. There was no fever, trauma or respiratory symptoms/signs. Family history was irrelevant. On examination, the neck swelling was a small firm, partially mobile, no warm on touch and apparently painless mass, with approximately 1.5–2 cm soft tissue mass, attached to the right sternocleidomastoid muscle. There was no restriction of neck movements. Ultrasonography (USG) revealed a 13 mm fusiform thickening of the right sternocleidomastoid muscle, with maintained structure of muscle fibres (figures 1 and 2). No cervical lymphadenopathy, signs of infiltration or other anomalies were found (figures 1 and...

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Ninety-year-old man with hypereosinophilia, lymphadenopathies and pruritus

We report a case of a 90-year-old man with hypereosinophilia, lymphadenopathies and skin lesions, namely lichenification and pruritus. An aetiological investigation was performed, and a bone marrow (BM) biopsy and aspirate showed a hypercellular marrow with hypereosinophilia without dysmorphia or abnormal elements, and the BM and inguinal node's immunophenotyping denied any presence of abnormal lymphoid cell population. The inguinal node biopsy revealed a multinodular proliferation of large cells S100 and CD1a⁺, and a diagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis was made. The hypereosinophilia and skin lesions were managed with corticotherapy with substantial improvement of cutaneous lesions and lymphadenopathies and normalisation of eosinophil count. Finally, to define if it is a single or multisystem disease, a skin biopsy will be necessary.

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Response to ‘Serological diagnostics in the detection of IgG autoantibodies against human collagen VII in epidermolysis bullosa acquisita: a multicentre analysis': reply from authors

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