Determination of ochratoxin A in fruit juice by high-performance liquid chromatography after vortex-assisted emulsification microextraction based on solidification of floating organic drop

Abstract

A rapid, simple, and green vortex-assisted emulsification microextraction method based on solidification of floating organic drop was developed for the extraction and determination of ochratoxin A (OTA) with high-performance liquid chromatography. Some factors influencing the extraction efficiency of OTA such as the type and volume of extraction solvent, sample pH, salt concentration, vortex time, and sample volume were optimized. Under optimized conditions, the calibration curve exhibited linearity in the range of 50.0–500 ng L⁻¹ with a coefficient of determination higher than 0.999. The limit of detection was 15.0 ng L⁻¹. The inter- and intra-assays relative standard deviations were in a range of 4.7–8.7%. The accuracy of the developed method was investigated through recovery experiments, and it was successfully used for the quantification of OTA in 40 samples of fruit juice.

http://ift.tt/2gTIpbr

Transcatheter aortic valve-in-valve implantation of a CoreValve in a JenaValve prosthesis: a case report

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation has become an accepted treatment modality for inoperable or high-risk surgical patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis.

http://ift.tt/2gTzbvS

Guidelines for autopsy investigation of sudden cardiac death: 2017 update from the Association for European Cardiovascular Pathology

Abstract

Although sudden cardiac death (SCD) is one of the most important modes of death in Western countries, pathologists and public health physicians have not given this problem the attention it deserves. New methods of preventing potentially fatal arrhythmias have been developed and the accurate diagnosis of the causes of SCD is now of particular importance. Pathologists are responsible for determining the precise cause and mechanism of sudden death but there is still considerable variation in the way in which they approach this increasingly complex task. The Association for European Cardiovascular Pathology has developed these guidelines, which represent the minimum standard that is required in the routine autopsy practice for the adequate investigation of SCD. The present version is an update of our original article, published 10 years ago. This is necessary because of our increased understanding of the genetics of cardiovascular diseases, the availability of new diagnostic methods, and the experience we have gained from the routine use of the original guidelines. The updated guidelines include a detailed protocol for the examination of the heart and recommendations for the selection of histological blocks and appropriate material for toxicology, microbiology, biochemistry, and molecular investigation. Our recommendations apply to university medical centers, regionals hospitals, and all healthcare professionals practicing pathology and forensic medicine. We believe that their adoption throughout Europe will improve the standards of autopsy practice, allow meaningful comparisons between different communities and regions, and permit the identification of emerging patterns of diseases causing SCD. Finally, we recommend the development of regional multidisciplinary networks of cardiologists, geneticists, and pathologists. Their role will be to facilitate the identification of index cases with a genetic basis, to screen appropriate family members, and ensure that appropriate preventive strategies are implemented.

http://ift.tt/2jdosAX

Status of Otorhinolaryngology as Specialty of Choice Among Female Medical Graduates

Abstract

Specialty choices among medical graduates have undergone changes over time. We aimed to analyze status of otorhinolaryngology as specialty of choice among female medical graduates and factors affecting it. A total of 123 female medical graduates were surveyed during their internship over a period of 1 year in a tertiary-care hospital. Each intern was assessed using a questionnaire at the end of otorhinolaryngology rotation. The survey included nine questions about future career choices with special focus on ENT as a choice for specialization. Questions on choice of specialty, reason for choice, quality of undergraduate teaching and clinical postings were included. The post graduation specialty choices in descending order are Medicine, Pediatrics, Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dermatology, Ophthalmology, Radiology, ENT, Anesthesia, Psychiatry followed by Physiology, Anatomy and Biochemistry. Among surgical branches most popular choice was General Surgery followed by Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ophthalmology, ENT and Orthopedics in descending order. Reason for the choice included advice from family and friends. Forty two interns (34.2%) followed advice of senior colleagues, 42 (34.2%) followed advice of relatives in the medical field, 25 (20.3%) took advice of non-medico parents while 14 (11.3%) followed their peer group. Regarding the opinion on the quality of undergraduate teaching and clinical postings, both were rated good by the majority. Otorhinolaryngology is less preferred than other general surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology and ophthalmology by female medical graduates among surgical disciplines. Possible reasons and ways to improve status of Otorhinolaryngology are discussed.

http://ift.tt/2xl9nUj

Status of Otorhinolaryngology as Specialty of Choice Among Female Medical Graduates

Abstract

Specialty choices among medical graduates have undergone changes over time. We aimed to analyze status of otorhinolaryngology as specialty of choice among female medical graduates and factors affecting it. A total of 123 female medical graduates were surveyed during their internship over a period of 1 year in a tertiary-care hospital. Each intern was assessed using a questionnaire at the end of otorhinolaryngology rotation. The survey included nine questions about future career choices with special focus on ENT as a choice for specialization. Questions on choice of specialty, reason for choice, quality of undergraduate teaching and clinical postings were included. The post graduation specialty choices in descending order are Medicine, Pediatrics, Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dermatology, Ophthalmology, Radiology, ENT, Anesthesia, Psychiatry followed by Physiology, Anatomy and Biochemistry. Among surgical branches most popular choice was General Surgery followed by Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ophthalmology, ENT and Orthopedics in descending order. Reason for the choice included advice from family and friends. Forty two interns (34.2%) followed advice of senior colleagues, 42 (34.2%) followed advice of relatives in the medical field, 25 (20.3%) took advice of non-medico parents while 14 (11.3%) followed their peer group. Regarding the opinion on the quality of undergraduate teaching and clinical postings, both were rated good by the majority. Otorhinolaryngology is less preferred than other general surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology and ophthalmology by female medical graduates among surgical disciplines. Possible reasons and ways to improve status of Otorhinolaryngology are discussed.

http://ift.tt/2xl9nUj

Mutilating Lesions of Face

Abstract

The destructive lesions affect midline facial areas causing extensive destruction. These lesions are challenging till date due to peculiarity in presentation and non availability of any single objective test. An attempt has been done to evaluate these different clinical presentations of lesions presenting at a single centre and the challenges faced by us at a tertiary government setup. Prospective study done on 15 patients presenting in department during period of 2006–2016. After a detailed history, hematological and biochemical markers, ESR, radiographical tests, pus culture, C ANCA, CECT PNS and histopathogical evaluation were done. 12 out of 15 patients were male; Most common age group was above 45 years of age. All cases had ulceration of nose, 9 had cartilaginous destruction and 3 had osseocartilaginous destruction. 5 cases of mucormycosis had hyperglycemia with 2 having ketonuria and 4 had nerve palsies. All patients needed multiple biopsies. 3 cases of wegners and 4 cases were suspected of IMDD and immunohistochemistry was advised. C ANCA was negative in wegners cases as they were in limited form. Mutilating diseases of face usually present at an advanced stage with diverse etiology, are slowly progressive and require detailed evaluation. Due to lack of availability of IHC markers and C-ANCA at every centre it is difficult to diagnose them. The treatment is challenging due to incomplete response and frequent relapses. These cases require proper work up plan and perseverance leads to a final diagnosis.

http://ift.tt/2wgubap

Mutilating Lesions of Face

Abstract

The destructive lesions affect midline facial areas causing extensive destruction. These lesions are challenging till date due to peculiarity in presentation and non availability of any single objective test. An attempt has been done to evaluate these different clinical presentations of lesions presenting at a single centre and the challenges faced by us at a tertiary government setup. Prospective study done on 15 patients presenting in department during period of 2006–2016. After a detailed history, hematological and biochemical markers, ESR, radiographical tests, pus culture, C ANCA, CECT PNS and histopathogical evaluation were done. 12 out of 15 patients were male; Most common age group was above 45 years of age. All cases had ulceration of nose, 9 had cartilaginous destruction and 3 had osseocartilaginous destruction. 5 cases of mucormycosis had hyperglycemia with 2 having ketonuria and 4 had nerve palsies. All patients needed multiple biopsies. 3 cases of wegners and 4 cases were suspected of IMDD and immunohistochemistry was advised. C ANCA was negative in wegners cases as they were in limited form. Mutilating diseases of face usually present at an advanced stage with diverse etiology, are slowly progressive and require detailed evaluation. Due to lack of availability of IHC markers and C-ANCA at every centre it is difficult to diagnose them. The treatment is challenging due to incomplete response and frequent relapses. These cases require proper work up plan and perseverance leads to a final diagnosis.

http://ift.tt/2wgubap